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Articles 1 - 30 of 49
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Selam Medirashachin (Safe Arrival) Project: Addressing The Risk Of Trafficking, Violence, And Sexual Abuse Among Newly Arriving Migrant Girls In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Annabel Erulkar, Eyasu Hailu
Selam Medirashachin (Safe Arrival) Project: Addressing The Risk Of Trafficking, Violence, And Sexual Abuse Among Newly Arriving Migrant Girls In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Annabel Erulkar, Eyasu Hailu
Adolescents and Young People
Rates of urbanization in Ethiopia are significant and, increasingly, young females are among those who migrate from rural to urban areas. Previous research in Addis Ababa showed that, compared to boys and young men, young female migrants are more likely to migrate to cities without the accompaniment of immediate family members. and often move in with people with whom they have only loose affiliation or live on their own. Previous Population Council research on the experience of adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) revealed that girls’ migration from rural to urban areas of the country may be perilous. This is …
Advancing The Agenda In Girls’ Education Research, Benta Abuya, David Evans, Selim Gulesci, Nicole Haberland, Susannah Hares, Rabea Malik, Alessia Mortara, Pauline Rose
Advancing The Agenda In Girls’ Education Research, Benta Abuya, David Evans, Selim Gulesci, Nicole Haberland, Susannah Hares, Rabea Malik, Alessia Mortara, Pauline Rose
Adolescents and Young People
No abstract provided.
Girls On The Map: Mapping For Program Planning And Social Change, Eva Roca
Girls On The Map: Mapping For Program Planning And Social Change, Eva Roca
Adolescents and Young People
This guide explores ways in which maps can add depth to the learning process as practitioners design programs for girls. Mapping leads practitioners through a cycle of information collection and analysis. It supports decision-making about where, with whom, and when to work, and how programs can make a real difference in girls’ lives. Programs increasingly recognize the importance of household and community characteristics in shaping girls’ lives, yet it is relatively less common to measure or map community features as part of program planning. Mapping relevant populations of girls and the features of the communities they live in can inform …
Confusions Between English Nominal And Adjectival Forms Among Students At The Dar Es Salaam University College Of Education:, Loveluck Philip Muro, Benedict P. Lema
Confusions Between English Nominal And Adjectival Forms Among Students At The Dar Es Salaam University College Of Education:, Loveluck Philip Muro, Benedict P. Lema
Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences
This paper examines confusions between English nominal and adjectival forms among students at the Dar es Salaam University College of Education (DUCE). In particular, it establishes consistencies and inconsistencies in the use of English nominal and adjectival forms; and informs pedagogical interventions that can be adopted to redress the situation. Data was collected from a review of selected students’ examination scripts, and then subjected to error analysis in relation to the identified themes. The findings show that students vary greatly in the way they use nominal and adjectival forms such that some errors are consistently predictable, while others are intricately …
Midterm Evaluation Of Usaid Tulonge Afya Project, Catherine Kahabuka, Salum Mshamu, Nrupa Jani, Kamden Hoffmann
Midterm Evaluation Of Usaid Tulonge Afya Project, Catherine Kahabuka, Salum Mshamu, Nrupa Jani, Kamden Hoffmann
Sexual and Reproductive Health, Rights, and Choices
This report examines findings from a mid-term evaluation conducted by Breakthrough RESEARCH, a USAID-funded research and evaluation project. The purpose of this evaluation is to provide recommendations to enhance the effectiveness of USAID Tulonge Afya’s strategies and activities as the program enters year three. The evaluation identified successes, promising strategies, and interventions that can be sustained throughout the life of the project and scaled-up to other regions and districts. The evaluation also helps to identify facilitating and limiting factors for implementing a complex, integrated social and behavior change communication (SBCC) program, with applications for the future of this project as …
Are Services Meeting The Holistic Family Planning Needs Of Female Sex Workers Living With Hiv In Tanzania?, Project Soar
Are Services Meeting The Holistic Family Planning Needs Of Female Sex Workers Living With Hiv In Tanzania?, Project Soar
HIV and AIDS
Women of reproductive age living with HIV need access to comprehensive, voluntary family planning (FP) services to support their decisions about whether and when to have children. Contraceptive need is particularly acute among HIV-positive female sex workers who are often socially and economically disadvantaged. Furthermore, many HIV-positive female sex workers intend to have children some day, but may not be aware of strategies to minimize the risk of HIV transmission to infants and partners (i.e., “safer conception”). This activity brief describes a Project SOAR study in Tanzania that will contribute to the evidence base by conducting research that describes these …
Enhancing Access To Post-Rape Care For Child Survivors In The Context Of Police And Health Services In Zambia: A Feasibility Assessment Of A Police Response Model, Nachela Chelwa, Kshipra Hemal, George Msipu Phiri, Michael Mbizvo, Chi-Chi Undie
Enhancing Access To Post-Rape Care For Child Survivors In The Context Of Police And Health Services In Zambia: A Feasibility Assessment Of A Police Response Model, Nachela Chelwa, Kshipra Hemal, George Msipu Phiri, Michael Mbizvo, Chi-Chi Undie
Reproductive Health
This study builds on previous interventions by the Population Council and the Zambia Police Service to mitigate unintended pregnancy and HIV among survivors of sexual violence by involving trained police in task-sharing interventions. These previous efforts have involved police providing emergency contraceptive pills and HIV post-exposure prophylaxis to survivors reporting to police stations, in addition to referrals to health facilities. The objective of the current study was to assess the feasibility of implementing a transportation intervention within police stations, coupled with training and sensitization for police officers to perform their government-mandated roles in post-rape care. This intervention was developed as …
Analyzing The Building Blocks Of Resilience: Findings From A Baseline Survey Of The Tuungane Population, Health, And Environment Project In Western Tanzania, Kristin Bietsch, Reshma Naik, Kristen P. Patterson, Cara Honzak, Mustafa Kudrati, Hellen Magige, Cheryl Margoluis, Laura Subramanian, Christopher Hale, Carolyn Lamere, Sebastiaan Hess, Craig Leisher
Analyzing The Building Blocks Of Resilience: Findings From A Baseline Survey Of The Tuungane Population, Health, And Environment Project In Western Tanzania, Kristin Bietsch, Reshma Naik, Kristen P. Patterson, Cara Honzak, Mustafa Kudrati, Hellen Magige, Cheryl Margoluis, Laura Subramanian, Christopher Hale, Carolyn Lamere, Sebastiaan Hess, Craig Leisher
Reproductive Health
Although the value of population, health, environment (PHE) programs is appreciated by the development community and the conceptual linkages they incorporate are sound, little evidence exists to demonstrate their short- and long-term impacts—particularly the role that the family planning (FP) component of PHE projects plays in building resilience, improving livelihoods, and helping people adapt to climate change. To contribute to filling this gap, the Evidence Project collaborated with Tuungane, a PHE project jointly implemented by The Nature Conservancy and Pathfinder International, to conduct further analysis of their existing data and examine the evidence base around integrated PHE programming, FP, climate …
Population Briefs, Vol. 21, No. 1, Population Council
Population Briefs, Vol. 21, No. 1, Population Council
Population Briefs
IN THIS ISSUE: Making sexuality and HIV education programs more effective | Reducing adolescent girls’ vulnerability to sexual violence in sub-Saharan Africa | Developing a highly acceptable contraceptive vaginal ring | Creating a database of HIV prevention clinical trial terminology and translations
Population Briefs, Vol. 21, No. 2, Population Council
Population Briefs, Vol. 21, No. 2, Population Council
Population Briefs
IN THIS ISSUE: Understanding the adolescent experience in Tanzania | New program demonstrates success in reducing gender-based violence in Bangladesh | Effects of the new one-year reusable Nestorone®/ethinyl estradiol contraceptive vaginal ring on risks of vaginal infection | Estimating population-based characteristics of people who inject drugs in Kenya
The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data To Identify And Reach The Most Vulnerable Young People—Tanzania 2009–2012, Population Council, Tanzania Commission For Aids (Tacaids), Zanzibar Aids Commission (Zac), Unicef Tanzania
The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data To Identify And Reach The Most Vulnerable Young People—Tanzania 2009–2012, Population Council, Tanzania Commission For Aids (Tacaids), Zanzibar Aids Commission (Zac), Unicef Tanzania
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
“The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data to Identify and Reach the Most Vulnerable Young People: Tanzania 2009–12” is part of a series of Population Council guides that draw principally on data from the Demographic and Health Surveys to provide decisionmakers at all levels—from governments, nongovernmental organizations, and advocacy groups—with evidence on the situation of adolescent girls and boys and young women aged 10–24 years. The data are presented in graphs, tables, and maps (wherever possible), providing multiple formats to make the information accessible to a range of audiences. Section I is the Foreword. Section II offers brief technical notes specific …
Gender Considerations Along The Hiv Treatment Cascade: An Evidence Review With Priority Actions, Melanie Croce-Galis, Jill Gay, Karen Hardee, What Works Association, Population Council
Gender Considerations Along The Hiv Treatment Cascade: An Evidence Review With Priority Actions, Melanie Croce-Galis, Jill Gay, Karen Hardee, What Works Association, Population Council
Reproductive Health
This treatment brief provides policymakers and program implementers with evidence about the impact of gender dynamics on treatment access and adherence and the gender-related gaps in treatment research and programming. It also includes priority actions that can be taken to better address gender within treatment programming and raises questions for implementation science in order to achieve the global 90-90-90 goal. This brief draws from What Works for Women and Girls: Evidence for HIV Interventions and uses the WHO treatment cascade framework to identify and analyze major gender considerations in providing antiretroviral therapy to those living with HIV in low- and …
An Exploration Of The Role Of The Learner In The English As A Second Language Classroom. A Case Study Of A Rural Public Primary School In Vihiga County, Kenya, John Auna Esikumo
An Exploration Of The Role Of The Learner In The English As A Second Language Classroom. A Case Study Of A Rural Public Primary School In Vihiga County, Kenya, John Auna Esikumo
Master of Education
Active participation of the learner in the English language class is the foundation upon which the learning of the language takes place. This is because learners‟ scholastic accomplishment may be greatly affected by their active engagement in class as they interact among themselves, with teachers and with instructional resources. Children learn best when they participate enthusiastically in the classroom so as to communicate more effectively and enhance critical thinking. Therefore, teachers should promote strategies that reinforce learning capacities to be more interactive to inculcate skills for life-long learning. This study sought to explore the role of the learner in the …
Big Ideas: Annual Report 2013, Population Council
Big Ideas: Annual Report 2013, Population Council
Annual Reports
No abstract provided.
Barriers To Obstetric Fistula Treatment In Low-Income Countries: A Systematic Review, Benjamin Bellows, Rachel Bach, Zoe Baker, Charlotte E. Warren
Barriers To Obstetric Fistula Treatment In Low-Income Countries: A Systematic Review, Benjamin Bellows, Rachel Bach, Zoe Baker, Charlotte E. Warren
Reproductive Health
Obstetric fistula is a maternal morbidity condition that occurs in some low-income countries and is caused by prolonged obstructed labor that results in a hole between the vagina and the bladder or rectum through which urine or feces leak. Unrepaired fistula can lead to lifelong ostracism, stigma, and shame. Obstetric fistula is preventable and treatable, but women in these countries experience delays in seeking repair due to a number of factors including awareness of their condition as well as the potential for treatment, resources necessary for seeking care, lack of skilled fistula surgeons, and long hospital waiting times. UNFPA estimates …
The Contracting World Of Girls At Puberty: Violence And Gender-Divergent Access To The Public Sphere Among Adolescents In South Africa, Kelly Hallman, Nora Kenworthy, Judith A. Diers, Nick Swan, Bashi Devnarain
The Contracting World Of Girls At Puberty: Violence And Gender-Divergent Access To The Public Sphere Among Adolescents In South Africa, Kelly Hallman, Nora Kenworthy, Judith A. Diers, Nick Swan, Bashi Devnarain
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
This Population Council working paper describes a participatory mapping project undertaken with single-sex groups of grade 5 and grade 8–9 children in urban and rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. At grade 5, female self-defined community areas were equal to or larger in size than those of males in both sites. However, wide gender divergence in access to the public sphere was found among grade 8–9 children. Although curtailed spatial access, especially in urban areas, is intended to protect post-pubescent girls, grade 8–9 girls reported most spaces in their small navigable areas unsafe. Reducing girls’ access to the public sphere does not …
Feasibility Of Routine Screening For Intimate Partner Violence In Public Health Care Settings In Kenya, Chi-Chi Undie, Catherine Maternowska, Margaret Mak'anyengo, Ian Askew
Feasibility Of Routine Screening For Intimate Partner Violence In Public Health Care Settings In Kenya, Chi-Chi Undie, Catherine Maternowska, Margaret Mak'anyengo, Ian Askew
Reproductive Health
This Population Council study tested the feasibility of implementing intimate-partner violence (IPV) screening protocols in healthcare settings in Kenya where sexual and gender-based violence service referrals could be executed. Providers drawn from these sites were trained to routinely screen for IPV and to refer IPV-positive clients identified through this process for further care. This study demonstrates that providers, given the training, are willing and able to incorporate IPV screening into their practice—one that they perform in a severely resource-constrained context. Likewise, the findings indicate that incorporating IPV screening questions into client intake forms in a variety of public healthcare settings …
Mitigating The Consequences Of Sexual Violence In Zambia By Decentralizing Emergency Medical Responses To Police Victim Support Units: Report On The Feasibility Of Police Provision Of Post-Exposure Prophylaxis For Hiv (Pep) In Zambia, Mary Zama, Mardieh Dennis, Jessica Price, Stephanie M. Topp, Jonathan Kaunda Mwansa, Jill Keesbury
Mitigating The Consequences Of Sexual Violence In Zambia By Decentralizing Emergency Medical Responses To Police Victim Support Units: Report On The Feasibility Of Police Provision Of Post-Exposure Prophylaxis For Hiv (Pep) In Zambia, Mary Zama, Mardieh Dennis, Jessica Price, Stephanie M. Topp, Jonathan Kaunda Mwansa, Jill Keesbury
Reproductive Health
The Zambian Ministry of Home Affairs (housing the Zambia Police Service); the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Community Development, Mother and Child Health; and the Population Council collaborated on operations research studies to increase provision of emergency medical care to survivors of sexual violence via the Zambia Police Services (ZP). Recognizing the need to strengthen linkages between the police and the health sector and following up on the lessons learned from earlier models of police delivery of emergency contraception, this feasibility study was designed to: determine if victim support unit (VSU) officers could be trained to safely and effectively …
International Seminar On "Is Access Enough? Understanding And Addressing Unmet Need For Family Planning", Iussp Scientific Panel On Reproductive Health
International Seminar On "Is Access Enough? Understanding And Addressing Unmet Need For Family Planning", Iussp Scientific Panel On Reproductive Health
Reproductive Health
The IUSSP Scientific Panel on Reproductive Health, in collaboration with STEP UP and AFIDEP, held a seminar in Nanyuki, Kenya, in May 2013. The seminar brought together 44 scientists, policymakers, and program managers to present and discuss a range of issues relating to the definition, determinants, and consequences of unmet need for family planning and program interventions designed specifically to reduce unmet need in groups at high risk. Based on discussions and presentations, unmet need (and family planning in general) should be looked at both from a development perspective and from a service-delivery and health-sector perspective. Overall, the seminar papers, …
Shaping The Operations Research Agenda For Antiretroviral-Based Prevention Products For Women: Gels And Rings, Martha Brady, C. Elizabeth Mcgrory
Shaping The Operations Research Agenda For Antiretroviral-Based Prevention Products For Women: Gels And Rings, Martha Brady, C. Elizabeth Mcgrory
HIV and AIDS
This report summarizes discussions from a two-day international experts consultation meeting in 2012 on preparing for the successful introduction of women-centered antiretroviral-based HIV prevention methods. It examines the limits and expectations of operations research in antiretroviral health technologies.
The Prevention And Management Of Hiv And Sexual And Gender-Based Violence: Responding To The Needs Of Survivors And Those-At-Risk, Sarah Raifman, Ian Askew, Sajeda Amin, Jill Keesbury, Saiqa Mullick, Judith A. Diers, Meiwita P. Budiharsana, Chi-Chi Undie, Mary Zama, Mantshi Menziwa, Sherry Hutchinson, Naomi Rutenberg
The Prevention And Management Of Hiv And Sexual And Gender-Based Violence: Responding To The Needs Of Survivors And Those-At-Risk, Sarah Raifman, Ian Askew, Sajeda Amin, Jill Keesbury, Saiqa Mullick, Judith A. Diers, Meiwita P. Budiharsana, Chi-Chi Undie, Mary Zama, Mantshi Menziwa, Sherry Hutchinson, Naomi Rutenberg
Reproductive Health
The Population Council seeks to understand the social, economic, political, and physical context of risks for sexual and gender-based violence and HIV. Among the top priorities of Council research are supporting and evaluating efforts to prevent violence and HIV, including creating safe spaces for adolescent girls, and working with men and boys to change gender norms within the community; and comprehensively responding to the needs of survivors (including those who are HIV-infected) by strengthening health systems and integrating services. The purpose of this guide is to provide practical guidance on the steps necessary to establish and strengthen sexual violence (SV) …
Looking Back, Moving Forward: Promoting Gender Equity To Fight Hiv, Horizons Studies 1999 To 2007, Julie Pulerwitz, Annie P. Michaelis, Ellen Weiss
Looking Back, Moving Forward: Promoting Gender Equity To Fight Hiv, Horizons Studies 1999 To 2007, Julie Pulerwitz, Annie P. Michaelis, Ellen Weiss
HIV and AIDS
In 1997, the Population Council initiated the Horizons Program—a decade-long USAID-funded collaboration with the International Center for Research on Women, the International HIV/AIDS Alliance, PATH, Tulane University, Family Health International, and Johns Hopkins University—designing, implementing, evaluating, and expanding innovative strategies for HIV prevention and care. Horizons developed and tested ways to optimize HIV prevention, care, and treatment programs; worked to reduce stigma and improve gender-biased behaviors; and greatly expanded knowledge about the best ways to support, protect, and treat children affected by HIV and AIDS. In all its projects, Horizons strengthened the capacity of local institutions by providing support and …
The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data To Identify And Reach The Most Vulnerable Young People—Tanzania 2004, Population Council
The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data To Identify And Reach The Most Vulnerable Young People—Tanzania 2004, Population Council
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
“The Adolescent Experience In-Depth: Using Data to Identify and Reach the Most Vulnerable Young People: Tanzania 2004” is part of a series of Population Council guides that draw principally on data from the Demographic and Health Surveys to provide decisionmakers at all levels—from governments, nongovernmental organizations, and advocacy groups—with evidence on the situation of adolescent girls and boys and young women aged 10–24 years. The data are presented in graphs, tables, and maps (wherever possible), providing multiple formats to make the information accessible to a range of audiences. Section I is the Foreword. Section II offers brief technical notes specific …
Sexual And Gender-Based Violence, Population Council
Sexual And Gender-Based Violence, Population Council
Momentum
IN THIS ISSUE: Reducing the risk of HIV from rape | Involving men as partners against violence | Protecting vulnerable girls | Connecting legal and medical care for rape victims | Sharing ways to reduce the violence
Moving Forward: Tackling Stigma In A Tanzanian Community, Laura Nyblade, Kerry Macquarrie, Gideon Kwesigabo, Aparna Jain, Lusajo Kajula, Fausta Philip, William Henerico Tibesigwa, Jessie K. Mbwambo
Moving Forward: Tackling Stigma In A Tanzanian Community, Laura Nyblade, Kerry Macquarrie, Gideon Kwesigabo, Aparna Jain, Lusajo Kajula, Fausta Philip, William Henerico Tibesigwa, Jessie K. Mbwambo
HIV and AIDS
The International Center for Research on Women, the Muhimbili University College of the Health Sciences, the Population Council, and Family Health International conducted an evaluation of a community-based effort to reduce stigma surrounding HIV infections in a peri-urban community in Tanzania. Results presented a mixed, but hopeful, picture for a way forward in tackling stigma at the community level. Tackling stigma requires that the individuals tasked with doing this undergo personal change. Programs can start by focusing stigma-reduction efforts on a smaller, more manageable geographical area and adding specific anti-stigma components to their portfolio of activities. Engaging community opinion leaders …
Population Briefs, Vol. 14, No. 1, Population Council
Population Briefs, Vol. 14, No. 1, Population Council
Population Briefs
IN THIS ISSUE: IUDs: A beneficial, underused contraceptive technology | Council researcher studies Egyptian economic paradox | Self-sampling for RTIs is valid, feasible, acceptable | Straight talk increases knowledge, improves behavior | Pakistani girls' teachers more likely to be absent
Population Briefs, Vol. 13, No. 1, Population Council
Population Briefs, Vol. 13, No. 1, Population Council
Population Briefs
IN THIS ISSUE: Chemical postmaster helps deliver contraceptive to testis | Complex role for marriage in HIV risk, studies find | Examining the rollout of pediatric antiretroviral treatment in South Africa | Focused antenatal care acceptable, tricky to implement | New book explores political dimensions of population growth
Testing The Effectiveness Of The Men As Partners Program (Map) In Soweto, South Africa, Prudence Ditlopo, Saiqa Mullick, Ian Askew, Ricardo Vernon, Edwin Maroga, Sgidi Sibeko, Mokgethi Tshabalala, Rabbuh Raletsemo, Dean Peacock, Andrew Levack
Testing The Effectiveness Of The Men As Partners Program (Map) In Soweto, South Africa, Prudence Ditlopo, Saiqa Mullick, Ian Askew, Ricardo Vernon, Edwin Maroga, Sgidi Sibeko, Mokgethi Tshabalala, Rabbuh Raletsemo, Dean Peacock, Andrew Levack
Reproductive Health
This project was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the Men as Partners (MAP) program in South Africa in terms of: changing men’s gender attitudes, norms and behaviors; changing aspects of gender dynamics in relationships; reducing the prevalence of unwanted pregnancy risk behaviors at individual and community levels; and increasing male involvement in gender based violence (GBV) and HIV prevention and in HIV care and support activities. The intervention activities implemented were MAP workshops, public demonstrations, and participation in community action teams. The evaluation of the interventions showed that about 30% of the workshop participants had also attended other MAP …
Social Relationships And Adolescents' Hiv Counseling And Testing Decisions In Zambia, Julie Denison, Nalakwanji Lungu, Wendy A. Dunnett-Dagg, Ann P. Mccauley, Michael D. Sweat
Social Relationships And Adolescents' Hiv Counseling And Testing Decisions In Zambia, Julie Denison, Nalakwanji Lungu, Wendy A. Dunnett-Dagg, Ann P. Mccauley, Michael D. Sweat
HIV and AIDS
No abstract provided.
Building A Better Future For Youth: Learning From Experience And Evidence, World Health Organization, Population Council, Family Health International
Building A Better Future For Youth: Learning From Experience And Evidence, World Health Organization, Population Council, Family Health International
Reproductive Health
On June 6–9, 2006, the World Health Organization’s Department of Reproductive Health and Research, the Frontiers in Reproductive Health Program of the Population Council, and the YouthNet Program of Family Health International sponsored a regional forum on critical issues in youth reproductive health and HIV programs in sub-Saharan Africa. The objectives of the Africa Regional Forum on Youth Reproductive Health and HIV were to: share the latest research results and program evidence; share findings and methodologies of promising interventions for youth and identify new programs and techniques; identify gaps in existing research, programs, and policies in youth reproductive health and …