Digital Commons Network^™

Prevalence Of Vitiligo In East Africa: Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Kedir Seid, Chala Getaneh Jaleta, Sintayehu Samuel Lorato, Mitiku Desalegn, Dawit Tesfaye Rundasa, Yohannes Godie Ashebir, Olyad Kuma Getahun, Gebeyehu Lakew, Mathewos Mekonnen Gemmechu, Mulualem Endeshaw Zeleke, Yibeltal Assefa Atalay, Amlaku Nigusie Yirsaw, Eyob Ketema Bogale, Abiy Hailu Tikuneh, Abas Ali Hassen, Eyasu Alem Lake, Tadesse Nigussie, Bushra Bibi, Fikiru Yigezu Y. Jaleta, Abebe Gedefaw Belete, Genanew Kassie Getahun

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Vitiligo is a chronic skin disorder characterized by the loss of melanocytes, resulting in depigmented macules and patches. No accurate estimate has been made of the prevalence of vitiligo in East Africa.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of vitiligo in East Africa via a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Eleven articles were retrieved from PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Web of Science and African Journals Online. Microsoft Excel was used to extract the data, which were then exported to STATA 17 …

Governance And Islam In East Africa: Muslims And The State In Kenya And Tanzania, Farouk Topan, Kai Kresse, Erin E. Stiles, Hassan Mwakimako

Exploring Muslim Contexts

Explores the relationship between Muslim communities and the State in East Africa in political, institutional and legal contexts

• Focuses on the relationship between Muslims and the State in Kenya and Tanzania
• Asks which factors, both within and outside the Muslim community, shape and affect this relationship in contemporary times
• Presents 13 case studies exploring governance issues within and across the categories of politics, institutions and law in Kenya and Tanzania
• Identifies cross-cutting issues of governance and Muslim communities which are relevant beyond East Africa

Recent studies of Muslims in Kenya and Tanzania have tended either to examine governance of Muslims …

Judicial Approaches In Plagiarism Litigation: Lessons For Universities In East Africa, Hamudi Ismail Majamba

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

The escalation of plagiarism in universities and subsequent litigations by postgraduate students seeking to challenge universities’ decisions through courts of law worldwide are noticeably increasing. This article reviews trends in plagiarism-related litigations involving postgraduate students in universities in East Africa. The focus is on select universities in Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania. The objective is to determine the approaches that courts of law in the region, and those in other jurisdictions, have adopted in developing legal principles while determining plagiarism-related litigations. The recommendations advanced seek to assist courts in the region to determine cases in accordance with emerging and well-defined legal …

A Language For The World: The Standardization Of Swahili, Morgan J. Robinson

Ohio University Press Open Access Books

This intellectual history of Standard Swahili explores the long-term, intertwined processes of standard making and community creation in the historical, political, and cultural contexts of East Africa and beyond.

Morgan J. Robinson argues that the portability of Standard Swahili has contributed to its wide use not only across the African continent but also around the globe. The book pivots on the question of whether standardized versions of African languages have empowered or oppressed. It is inevitable that the selection and promotion of one version of a language as standard—a move typically associated with missionaries and colonial regimes—negatively affected those …

The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Catalyst For Creativity And Collaboration For Online Learning And Work-Based Higher Education Systems And Processes, Tashmin Khamis, Azra Naseem, Anil Khamis, Pammla Petrucka

Office of the Provost

The purpose of this research is to focus on work-based problems catalysed by the COVID-19 global pandemic, based on a case study of a multi-continental, multi-campus university distributed across Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda and Pakistan. Higher education institutions (HEIs) in developing countries lacked pre-existing infrastructure to support online education and/or policy and regulatory frameworks during the pandemic. The university's programmes in Pakistan and East Africa provide lessons to other developing countries' HEIs. The university's focus on teaching and learning and staff development has had a transformational organisational effect.

The Mbeya Antimicrobial Stewardship Team: Implementing Antimicrobial Stewardship At A Zonal-Level Hospital In Southern Tanzania, Jeffrey W. Hall, Jeannette Bouchard, P Brandon Bookstaver, Matthew S. Haldeman, Peter Kishimbo, Godlove Mbwanji, Issakwisa Mwakyula, Davance Mwasomola, Megan Seddon, Mark Shaffer, Stephanie C. Shealy, Anthony Nsojo

Faculty Publications

In 2017, Mbeya Zonal Referral Hospital (MZRH) and the University of South Carolina (UofSC) agreed to collaboratively strengthen antimicrobial prescribing in the southern highlands of Tanzania and train a new generation of clinicians in responsible antimicrobial use. Key stakeholders and participants were identified and the Mbeya Antimicrobial Stewardship Team (MAST) was created. The team identified assets brought by the collaborators, and four investigations of baseline needs were developed. These investigations included (a) a baseline clinician survey regarding antimicrobial resistance and stewardship, (b) a serial chart review of inpatient antimicrobial prescribing practices, (c) an investigation of antimicrobial resistance rates using existing …

Adventism In East Africa: Were The Initial Mission Strategies Effective?, Christopher R. Mwashinga

Andrews University Seminary Student Journal

The Seventh-day Adventist Church (SDA) is one of the fastest-growing Christian denominations in the world. Studies show that the SDA Church in Africa in general and East Africa, in particular, has recorded tremendous growth since it was introduced in the region in the early 1900s. This article surveys the first fifty years of the beginning and development of the SDA Church in East African (1903–1953). It focuses on the three initial mission strategies employed by early Adventist missionaries to East Africa, including education, medical care, and publishing work. Early Adventist missionaries to East Africa established educational and medical institutions alongside …

On Tanzania’S Precipitation Climatology, Variability, And Future Projection, Krishna Borhara, Binod Pokharel, Brennan L. Bean, Liping Deng, Shih-Yu (Simon) Wang

Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications

We investigate historical and projected precipitation in Tanzania using observational and climate model data. Precipitation in Tanzania is highly variable in both space and time due to topographical variations, coastal influences, and the presence of lakes. Annual and seasonal precipitation trend analyses from 1961 to 2016 show maximum rainfall decline in Tanzania during the long rainy season in the fall (March–May), and an increasing precipitation trend in northwestern Tanzania during the short rainy season in the spring (September–November). Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis applied to Tanzania’s precipitation patterns shows a stronger correlation with warmer temperatures in the western Indian Ocean …

Research Strategy 2019-2023 : Medical College And School Of Nursing & Midwifery - East Africa, Office Of The Research

Office of Research and Graduate Studies

Content

- Background

- AKU Medical College and School of Nursing & Midwifery in East Africa

- AKU MC/SONAM East Africa Academic Plan

- Research and Graduate Programs

- SWOT Analysis of AKU-MC/SONAM

- Vision, Mission and Core Values

- Strategic Objectives

- Monitoring and Evaluation

Drivers Of Increased Soil Erosion In East Africa’S Agro-Pastoral Systems: Changing Interactions Between The Social, Economic And Natural Domains, Maarten Wynants, Claire Kelly, Kelvin Mtei, Linus Munishi, Aloyce Patrick, Anna Rabinovich, Mona Nasseri, David Gilvear, Neil Roberts, Pascal Boeckx, Geoff Wilson, William H. Blake, Patrick Ndakidemi

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Increased soil erosion is one of the main drivers of land degradation in East Africa’s agricultural and pastoral landscapes. This wicked problem is rooted in historic disruptions to co-adapted agro-pastoral systems. Introduction of agricultural growth policies by centralised governance resulted in temporal and spatial scale mismatches with the complex and dynamic East African environment, which subsequently contributed to soil exhaustion, declining fertility and increased soil erosion. Coercive policies of land use, privatisation, sedentarisation, exclusion and marginalisation led to a gradual erosion of the indigenous social and economic structures. Combined with the inability of the new nation-states to provide many of …

Ethnic Entrepreneurship And Internationalisation In East Africa, Leendert De Bell, Hein Roelfsema, Khalid Swabir

Business Management Review

Using the World Bank Enterprise Surveys panel data for the East African Community, this paper analyses the influence of ethnic origin of entrepreneurs on internationalisation and firm performance. Using traditional probit and OLS estimation techniques in combination with matching strategies to account for selection and nonlinearity, we show that the African Indian background of the entrepreneur is a conditional predictor for international activity. In addition, we show that the effect of exporting in terms of innovation and growth is stronger for indigenous entrepreneurs when compared to African Indian entrepreneurs. Hence, we conclude that learning by exporting in recent times is …

Supporting Healthy Futures For East Africa: Celebrating 15 Years Of Partnership In Nursing Education. School Of Nursing And Midwifery In East Africa, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya, Sharon Brownie, Walter Robb, Lyndal Hunter, Cliff Aliga, Isabel Kambo, Atem Machar, Joseph Mwizerwa, Judith Mutyabule, M. Namuguzi, Carolyne Namukwaya, Esther Nderitu, Leah Sande, Victor Skrzypczynski, Muneerah Vastani, Mariana Xavier

Books

This impact evaluation study was designed on the basis of quality and accountability. It focused on sourcing evidence regarding the impact and achievements of a 15-year investment in nursing education and workforce capacity building. The study was also designed to enhance alumni connection and establish sustainable models for monitoring and evaluation.

The Experiment Must Continue: Medical Research And Ethics In East Africa, 1940–2014, Melissa Graboyes

Ohio University Press Open Access Books

The Experiment Must Continue is a beautifully articulated ethnographic history of medical experimentation in East Africa from 1940 through 2014. In it, Melissa Graboyes combines her training in public health and in history to treat her subject with the dual sensitivities of a medical ethicist and a fine historian. She breathes life into the fascinating histories of research on human subjects, elucidating the hopes of the interventionists and the experiences of the putative beneficiaries.

Historical case studies highlight failed attempts to eliminate tropical diseases, while modern examples delve into ongoing malaria and HIV/AIDS research. Collectively, these show how East Africans …

Late Quaternary Speleogenesis And Landscape Evolution In A Tropical Carbonate Island: Pango La Kuumbi (Kuumbi Cave), Zanzibar, Nikos Kourampas, Ceri Shipton, William Mills, Ruth Tibesasa, Henrietta Horton, Mark Horton, Mary Prendergast, Alison Crowther, Katerina Douka, Patrick Faulkner, Llorenç Picornell, Nicole Boivin

International Journal of Speleology

Kuumbi Cave is one of a group of caves that underlie a flight of marine terraces in Pleistocene limestone in eastern Zanzibar (Indian Ocean). Drawing on the findings of geoarchaeological field survey and archaeological excavation, we discuss the formation and evolution of Kuumbi Cave and its wider littoral landscape. In the later part of the Quaternary (last ca. 250,000 years?), speleogenesis and terrace formation were driven by the interplay between glacioeustatic sea level change and crustal uplift at rates of ca. 0.10-0.20 mm/yr. Two units of backreef/reef limestone were deposited during ‘optimal’ (highest) highstands, tentatively correlated with MIS 7 and …

Akhuwat Issue No. 98, Aga Khan University

AKHUWAT Newsletters

• Dr Sadia Rasul receives Order of British Columbia
• Dr Bhutta receives CPBC's Professional of the Year Award
• AKU and DW sign a memorandum of understanding to develop world-class professional development programmes
• Farewell to Dr Greg Moran and Dr Yasmin Amarsi
• A time to bid farewell
• Leadership workshop to accelerate reduction of maternal and newborn deaths
• Africa's First Ladies visit AKUH Heart and Cancer Centre
• Enhancing Research Ethics Committee Reaccredited
• First PGME Open Day in East Africa
• Grid Station to meet University's future needs
• AKU-EB Middle School Programme Developing 21st Century Skills
• AKU-EB's unwavering commitment to education
• The Spirit of Service! …

Examining Tanzania's Development Landscape, Jenna Hussein

CMC Senior Theses

This thesis will examine Tanzania’s development landscape through Amartya Sen’s perspective, as per his conception of development that is put forth in Development as Freedom. Applying Sen’s conception of development to the case of Tanzania reinforces his view that development is an intricate process that is dependent on the expansion of various freedoms. It also yields unique insights about the most pressing issues that are currently impeding progress in the country. I will first clarify Sen’s framework and provide an explanation of development that corresponds with his ideals. Next, I will assess Tanzania’s state of affairs in terms of …

The Aga Khan University Viewbook, Aga Khan University

Faculty/staff directories, alumni magazines, and yearbooks

We have, We are plaining three new faculties, Extensive library network (nine libraries in five countries), Our academic programmes are offered in five countries, seven graduate professional schools planned

Complexity Of Breastfeeding Health Policy In Tanzania, Africa, Theresa Thompson

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate Tanzanian health policy regarding the protection and promotion of breastfeeding.

Country Profile: Tanzania is a United Republic composed of the mainland and also the islands of Zanzibar. Tanzania is located in east Africa with a population of approximately 46 million. About 1.6 million babies are born each year in Tanzania, however only approximately 140,000 are registered annually. Tanzania’s infant mortality rate is 68 infant deaths per 1000 live births. Tanzania makes up for approximately 0.5% of the world population but 2% of the global infant death.

Approaches: In this study, the …

Connecting Aga Khan University's Nine Campus Libraries Across Three Continents Through A Shared Library System, Ashraf Sharif, Normand Demers

Libraries

The Aga Khan University (AKU) is the only university in the developing world that is serving through its eleven campuses spread across eight countries and three continents. It has a network of nine libraries, although small in size, in four developing courtiers in two regions (South Asia and East Africa). The university has recently implemented a library management system to integrate all nine libraries in four counties using a single shared database. The purpose of this paper is to share our experience of implementing the industry standard-base state-of-the-art library system. The geographical location of AKU libraries and multilingual collections makes …

The Potential Of Youth Savings Accounts In Three East African Countries: Kenya, Tanzania, And Uganda, Njeri Kagotho, Proscovia Nabunya, Fred Ssewamala, Vilma Ilic

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This paper explores the potential of expanding a youth-focused asset-based intervention program for poor communities heavily affected by HIV and AIDS-currently underway in one East African country, Uganda-into similar communities in the other two East African countries: Kenya and Tanzania. This concept paper is informed by prior work on youth-focused asset-based programs first proposed in the United States of America and now successfully implemented in Uganda (Ssewamala, 2008; Ssewamala, Alicea, Bannon, & Ismayilova, 2008; Ssewamala & Ismayilova, 2008, 2009) and grounded in an asset-based development theoretical framework, which denotes an integrated approach to human, social, and economic capital development (Sherraden, …

East Africa: The Next Game-Changer For The Global Gas Markets?, Manfred Hafner, Simone Tagliapietra

Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei Working Papers

The geographical distribution of African natural gas resources is going through a period of profound change as new gas discoveries in East Africa emerge to reshape the continent's energy landscape. This region is rapidly establishing itself as a world-class natural gas province and two countries have already emerged as key-players of this new African natural gas renaissance: Mozambique and Tanzania. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the gas developments in the region, which could well become the next game-changer of the global gas market.

Educational Exigencies Of The 21st Century: Implications For Teacher Education Programmes In East Africa, Peter Kajoro, Hellen Chirure, Irene Simiyu

Institute for Educational Development, East Africa

Questions about what constitutes effective teacher education compatible with today’s changing educational demands have been frequently raised. This article is an overview of ideas about the elements of effective teacher education in view of the 21st century demands. Drawing on literature and the authors' knowledge of teacher education in the East African context, the article argues the case for the different elements of effective teacher education program that would help the region, and perhaps, by extension, other developing countries, meet their educational obligations in the 21st century. The paper also highlights the theoretical underpinnings of these elements and their implications …

At Home, At Work: Indian Immigrant Women In Colonial East Africa (C.1920-1940), Savita Nair

Wagadu: A Journal of Transnational Women's & Gender Studies

Situated in the broader context of the South Asian diaspora, Indian Gujarati merchant families in colonial East Africa participate in creating a modern history of migration. Building on preexisting connections between western India and eastern Africa, families create networks and recreate community in a unique diasporic context. Constituted not only of men, but also women who accompany and follow their entrepreneurial, adverturer husbands, and later daughters and wives, Gujarati business families are ensured a place in the historical record as a constituent community in British East Africa. In this new colonial site, newly marked by the railway systems, market towns, …

Teaching Tanzania: Education And The Creation Of Tanzania In A Cold War World, Timothy Alan Nicholson

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

This dissertation used education to highlight local and global dimensions of nation building in Tanzania. It examines the process by which the late colonial and early postcolonial education officials in Tanzania experimented with and developed educational and nationalistic institutions as a means to interact with their populations and satisfy increasingly vocal demands for social services. Using oral histories as well as sources from the Tanzanian National Archive and the archives of American non-governmental organizations, this dissertation also highlights the fundamental role that non-elite actors, such as teachers, students, and low-level government officials, played in acting as intermediaries between elite politicians …

Adolescence Is An Ocean: A Biocultural Investigation Of Youth Food Consumption In Tanzania, Elizabeth J. Danforth

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This study investigates adolescents' relationships with food and other community and household members' perceptions of youth and their food consumption to understand the multifactorial dynamic processes which create nutritional outcomes among urban and rural youth in central Tanzania. Youth are an important and demographically large population in developing countries. The identities created during this distinct stage of cultural production can be reflected in youths' food consumption and relationships with food. Nutrition likely affects how youth transition through a variety of states, including their growth and development stages, primary to secondary to higher education, child to parent, or unemployed to employed. …

Akhuwat Issue No. 77, Aga Khan University

AKHUWAT Newsletters

• AKU-East Africa Convocation Ceremonies
• Achievements and Appointments
• Dr Farhat Abbas Conferred Tamgha-e-Imtiaz
• Sohail Habib - Director Professional Services
• Music in Muslim Contexts
• Professor Tariq Rahman Speaks at AKU-ISMC
• Appointed to Prime Minister’s Education Task
• PTAN Conference 2010
• World Cancer Day
• World Kidney Day
• AKU 25^th Anniversary Quiz Game
• AKU Ilizarov Course
• WGW Celebrates International Women’s Day
• JCI Accreditation of Aga Hospital, Karachi
• The Millennium Lifetime Award 2008
• “Shoot for the Moon – Even if you miss you will end up among the stars”
• Retirements
• Obituary
• Professor Dr Sheikh Arshad Saeed
• Dr Syed Arif Ali Zaidi

Tanzania Institute Of Higher Education - Mrs. Khairunnisa Dhamani, Senior Lecturer, Tanzania Institute Of Higher Education

Selected secondary sources and publications with substantial content about AKU

An overview of the Aga Khan University’s Advanced Nursing Studies Programme in Tanzania, highlighting its part-time, modular approach to upgrading nursing skills and improving healthcare delivery across East Africa since 1999.

Economic Integration In East Africa: Distribution Of Gains, Robert L. Birmingham

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.