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Scombrotoxin Poisoning In Marine Fish From Unguja Island, Zanzibar: Risks And Public Health Concerns, Khamis O. Haji, Prosper L. Mfilinge, Mwita J. Chacha
Scombrotoxin Poisoning In Marine Fish From Unguja Island, Zanzibar: Risks And Public Health Concerns, Khamis O. Haji, Prosper L. Mfilinge, Mwita J. Chacha
Tanzania Journal of Science
Histamine is the primary cause of Scombrotoxin Fish Poisoning (SFP) worldwide and poses health risks to populations dependent on fish and fish products. This study investigated histamine levels, awareness of SFP among health-care personnel and consumers, and fish preservation practices in Zanzibar. Three species, Auxis thazard, Sardinella gibbosa, and Lethrinus mahsena, were sampled on board (at sea during fishing), at landing sites, and in markets in Malindi and Chwaka. Histamine concentrations were measured using an amperometric enzymatic biosensor (BIOFISH-300 HIS, Biolan). Additionally, 270 consumers and 72 health-care personnel were surveyed using structured questionnaires, while post- harvest handling and preservation practices …
Plasmodium Falciparum Parasite Density And Its Association With Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Test Positivity Among School-Aged Children Across Diverse Malaria Transmission Settings In Mainland Tanzania, Felista Mwingira
Tanzania Journal of Science
Malaria rapid diagnostic tests (mRDTs) are widely used for malaria diagnosis and surveillance; however, their performance is influenced by parasite density. This study assessed the relationship between parasite density and mRDT positivity among school-aged children (SAC) across diverse malaria transmission settings in mainland Tanzania. Data were obtained from 17,131 school-aged children participating in a nationwide malaria survey. Malaria infection was assessed using mRDT and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) targeting the Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase (PfLDH) gene. Parasite density distributions were examined across demographic, environmental, and epidemiological characteristics. Malaria prevalence was 19.5% by malaria rapid diagnostic test (mRDT) and 19.2% …
Biosensor Development In East Africa: A Systematic Review Of Technologies, Applications, Challenges, And Future Directions, Ally Mahadhy
Biosensor Development In East Africa: A Systematic Review Of Technologies, Applications, Challenges, And Future Directions, Ally Mahadhy
Tanzania Journal of Science
Biosensors integrate biological recognition elements with signal transduction systems to generate quantitative or semi-quantitative analytical information and have applications across healthcare, food safety, agriculture, environmental monitoring, and wildlife health. Despite substantial global advances, biosensor development in East Africa remains poorly characterized. This systematic review, conducted according to PRISMA 2020 guidelines, evaluated published evidence from 1995 to 2025 within a predefined East African Community geographical scope. Eligibility was based on IUPAC-aligned operational criteria requiring an integrated biological recognition element, transduction mechanism, and quantitative or semi-quantitative signal output. Three locally developed biosensors met the criteria: an electrochemical nano-biosensor for schistosomiasis diagnosis in …
A Review Of Trade Policies And Wild Meat Consumption Patterns In Tanzania, Steven Temu, Cuthbert Nahonyo, Venance Mutayoba, Flora Magige, Paulo Wilfred
A Review Of Trade Policies And Wild Meat Consumption Patterns In Tanzania, Steven Temu, Cuthbert Nahonyo, Venance Mutayoba, Flora Magige, Paulo Wilfred
Tanzania Journal of Science
Wild meat, commonly referred to as bushmeat or game meat, plays a significant role in Tanzania's socio-economic and cultural systems, particularly for communities adjacent to protected areas where it contributes to food security, household income, and cultural practices. Despite over 30% of Tanzania's land being under protection, the country faces persistent challenges of unsustainable and illegal wildlife offtake. This review synthesizes trade policies and patterns in bushmeat hunting, consumption, and trade in Tanzania, and evaluates the effectiveness of existing regulatory frameworks. We conducted a structured, keyword-driven literature search covering 2000-2025 using Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and official …
Nutritive Values Of Three Edible Green Seaweeds Collected From Dar Es Salaam Coast, Tanzania, Amelia S. Buriyo, Denis Gahunde, Kristian M. Kitali, David C. Simiyu
Nutritive Values Of Three Edible Green Seaweeds Collected From Dar Es Salaam Coast, Tanzania, Amelia S. Buriyo, Denis Gahunde, Kristian M. Kitali, David C. Simiyu
Tanzania Journal of Science
Tanzania is endowed with different seaweed (macroalgae) species, found abundantly along the coastline. Most of these hold a great potential as nutritious food sources with promising applications in food industry. These seaweeds could be highly utilized for effective management of the high levels of malnutrition in the country. Nonetheless, the nutritional potential of most seaweeds occurring in Tanzania is still unknown. Understanding the nutritional value of the commonly available edible seaweeds, could be an important step towards promoting them as food supplements in the country. In this study, the nutritive values (crude proteins, total carbohydrates, lipids, crude fibre, vitamins, and …
Effectiveness Of Organic Amendments In Enriching Nitrogen In Compost Produced From Organic Fractions Of Market Waste Generated In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Amani Bilula, Ally Mahadhy, Anthony Manoni Mshandete, Amelia Kivaisi
Effectiveness Of Organic Amendments In Enriching Nitrogen In Compost Produced From Organic Fractions Of Market Waste Generated In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Amani Bilula, Ally Mahadhy, Anthony Manoni Mshandete, Amelia Kivaisi
Tanzania Journal of Science
Low nitrogen (N) content remains a key limitation of compost derived from urban organic waste. This study evaluated the effectiveness of selected plant-based organic amendments in enhancing nitrogen content and improving compost quality. Four plant- based organic amendments, Leucaena leucocephala (BN01), Commelina benghalensis (BN02), Morus alba (BN03), and Helianthus annuus (sunflower) cake (BN04), were incorporated into market waste compost at ratios of 1:0.06:0.04, 1:0.06:0.25, and 1:0.06:0.5 (organic waste: sawdust: amendment). Composting was conducted using a 4 × 3 factorial design with three replicates per treatment (n = 36). Temperature, moisture, and pH were monitored throughout the composting period. Total nitrogen, …
Haematological Responses Of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) To Diets Supplemented With Varying Levels Of Plant Leaf Meals, Isaack V. Makombe, Harishchandra Pratap, Felister Urasa, Blandina R Lugendo
Haematological Responses Of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) To Diets Supplemented With Varying Levels Of Plant Leaf Meals, Isaack V. Makombe, Harishchandra Pratap, Felister Urasa, Blandina R Lugendo
Tanzania Journal of Science
Plant leaf meals have the potential to replace fishmeal in fish feed formulation, hence reducing its cost and increasing fish production. This study evaluated the effects of plant leaf meals (PLMs) on haematological parameters in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The PLMs of cassava, sweet potatoes, cowpeas and common beans were substituted at the rate of 100% (mixed leaves of all four species, Diet 5), followed by each separate leaf meal at 100% (Diet 4), 75% (Diet 3), 50% (Diet 2) and 0% (control diet containing fish meal, Diet 1). Fish collected from Mbegani Fisheries Institute were kept in five, 80 …
Epidemiology And Ultrasonographic Observations Of Urogenital Schistosomiasis Related Urinary Tract Morbidity In Itilima District, Simiyu Region, Tanzania, Coletha Yohana, Bruno A. Nyundo, Jared S. Bakuza, Peter F. Rambau, Safari M. Kinung’Hi
Epidemiology And Ultrasonographic Observations Of Urogenital Schistosomiasis Related Urinary Tract Morbidity In Itilima District, Simiyu Region, Tanzania, Coletha Yohana, Bruno A. Nyundo, Jared S. Bakuza, Peter F. Rambau, Safari M. Kinung’Hi
Tanzania Journal of Science
Chronic infection of urogenital schistosomiasis in humans is a major cause of urinary tract morbidity in endemic areas. However, information on the prevalence of schistosomiasisrelated urinary tract morbidity is lacking in most endemic countries including Tanzania. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of schistosomiasis-related urinary tract morbidity in schoolchildren and adults in Itilima District. Urine samples from 682 residents were examined for Schistosoma haematobium infection using urine filtration technique. Urinary tract morbidity was examined by ultrasound. The prevalence of S. haematobium infection was 16.4% (112/682) and varied significantly between villages (range 3.2% to 29.5%, χ2 = 48.467, p < 0.001). There was no significant variation of S. haematobium infection between male and female (8.3 % vs 8.1%, χ2 = 0.679, p = 0.410). Majority (93.8%) had light infections (
Trophic Transfer Of Fluorescent Polyethylene Microplastics In A Simplified Artemia–Oreochromis Aquatic Food Chain, Dativa J. Shilla
Trophic Transfer Of Fluorescent Polyethylene Microplastics In A Simplified Artemia–Oreochromis Aquatic Food Chain, Dativa J. Shilla
Tanzania Journal of Science
Microplastics (MPs) are pervasive contaminants in aquatic ecosystems, yet experimental evidence of their trophic transfer within tropical African food webs remains scarce. This study provides experimental evidence of indirect trophic transfer of microplastics from Artemia salina to Oreochromis urolepis, a cichlid species of ecological and economic importance in African inland and coastal waters. A simplified two-level food chain was established by exposing A. salina nauplii to fluorescent polyethylene microplastics (10–20 µm; 1, 10, and 100 mg L⁻¹) and subsequently feeding them to juvenile O. urolepis under controlled laboratory conditions. These concentrations were selected to represent a range of exposure levels …
The Helminthic Status Of Selected Tanzanian Subterranean Rodents, The Root-Rats (Spalacidae: Tachyoryctes Splendens) And Emini Silvery Mole-Rats (Bathyergidae: Heliophobius Argenteocinereus Emini), Jestina V. Katandukila
The Helminthic Status Of Selected Tanzanian Subterranean Rodents, The Root-Rats (Spalacidae: Tachyoryctes Splendens) And Emini Silvery Mole-Rats (Bathyergidae: Heliophobius Argenteocinereus Emini), Jestina V. Katandukila
Tanzania Journal of Science
Root-rats (Tachyoryctes splendens) and emini silvery mole-rats (Heliophobius argenteocinereus emini) are common subterranean rodents that are essential component of the ecosystem. They serve as prey for small to medium-sized carnivores and birds of prey but their role as hosts to parasites is limited. The present study, explored the Gastrointestinal Tract (GIT) contents of 40 rodents (20 T. splendens and 20 H. a. emini, respectively) to acquire information on parasites diversity of these mammals. The GIT contents from subterranean rodents in a sex ratio of 1:1 were examined under a compound microscope to isolate helminths. The isolated helminths belonged to the …
Assessment Of Fecal Indicator Bacteria And Vendors' Handling Practices For Safety Of Salads And Raw Leafy Vegetables In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Gloria B. Mrisho, Thomas J. Lyimo, Godwill D. Mrema
Assessment Of Fecal Indicator Bacteria And Vendors' Handling Practices For Safety Of Salads And Raw Leafy Vegetables In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Gloria B. Mrisho, Thomas J. Lyimo, Godwill D. Mrema
Tanzania Journal of Science
Fresh leafy vegetables have gained popularity in Tanzanian cities due to their nutritional benefits and increased promotion by health practitioners. Assessment of their microbiological quality and safety is essential for determination of associated health risks. This study enumerated Fecal Indicator Bacteria (FIB) for determination of microbiological quality and safety of fresh leafy vegetable salads sold by street vendors and raw leafy vegetables obtained from Sinza market in Dar es Salaam. Handling practices, awareness and consumer satisfaction on the safety of leafy vegetable salads was also assessed among salad street vendors and consumers. Samples were collected from four stations and analyzed …
Honey Bees (Apis Mellifera) Pollination Enhances Watermelon (Citrullus Lanatus) Yield In Kibaha Tanzania, Beatrice Tonola, Charles Olambo Joseph, Mkabwa L.K. Manoko, Shibonage K. Mashilingi
Honey Bees (Apis Mellifera) Pollination Enhances Watermelon (Citrullus Lanatus) Yield In Kibaha Tanzania, Beatrice Tonola, Charles Olambo Joseph, Mkabwa L.K. Manoko, Shibonage K. Mashilingi
Tanzania Journal of Science
Honey bees are essential pollinators of the world’s food crops. However, information on the influence of honey bee pollination on watermelon yield is limited in Tanzania. This study assessed efficiency of honey bee pollination on watermelon yield. The study tested three improved watermelon varieties (Zebra F1, Candy F1 and Sukari F1) and three pollination environments: (Caged with Apis mellifera (CAM), Caged without insects (CW) and Open pollination (OP) in two seasons. The experiment was arranged in a split-plot design in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Results showed no significant interaction between pollination environment and varieties. Significant difference …
Effects Of Substrate–Supplement Interactions On Yield Performance Of Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus Ostreatus), Charles O. Joseph, Faraja Makwinja
Effects Of Substrate–Supplement Interactions On Yield Performance Of Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus Ostreatus), Charles O. Joseph, Faraja Makwinja
Tanzania Journal of Science
Different substrates and supplements are used in mushroom production, however their interaction effects and growth variables affected is little known. This study was conducted to compare the effects of substrate-supplement interactions on growth and yield of oyster mushrooms Pleurotus ostreatus. Two substrates (banana leaves and sawdust) and two supplements (chicken manure and sugar) were investigated. The substrates were reduced to 2 cm pieces and steam sterilized at 80–100°C for 3 hours. In each bag containing specific substrate, the supplements were added as 2% of the total substrate. The spawn was inoculated from each bag; misting was applied to maintain constant …
Antibacterial Activity Of Sapium Ellipticum, Securidaca Longepedunculata, And Allophylus Africanus Against Drug-Resistant Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolates, Eleonora A. Mbare, Rose J. Masalu, Cyprian B. Mpinda
Antibacterial Activity Of Sapium Ellipticum, Securidaca Longepedunculata, And Allophylus Africanus Against Drug-Resistant Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolates, Eleonora A. Mbare, Rose J. Masalu, Cyprian B. Mpinda
Tanzania Journal of Science
Pseudomonas aeruginosa poses a major clinical challenge due to its high levels of antibiotic resistance. This study evaluated the antibacterial activity of three medicinal plant extracts Allophylus africanus (leaves), Securidaca longepedunculata (root bark), and Sapium ellipticum (stem bark), against 30 drug-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates. Antibacterial screening was conducted using the agar well diffusion method, followed by determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) via a 96-well microtiter plate assay. All three plant extracts demonstrated inhibitory activity against three resistant P. aeruginosa strains (gentamicin-resistant strains F4 and GR4RAU-AI, and ceftazidime-resistant strain 19-10), with inhibition zones of varying diameters. MIC values showed strain-specific …
Valorization Of Palm Oil Wastes Into Oyster Mushrooms (Pleurotus Hk-37) And Biogas Production, Aneth B. David, Anthony M. Mshandete
Valorization Of Palm Oil Wastes Into Oyster Mushrooms (Pleurotus Hk-37) And Biogas Production, Aneth B. David, Anthony M. Mshandete
Tanzania Journal of Science
The study explored the potential of co-production of oyster mushroom Pleurotus HK-37 and biogas from palm oil waste fractions to add value and mitigate environmental impact. Nine different blends of waste fractions were subjected to mushroom production. The highest mushroom yield and biological efficiency were obtained from a blend that combined equal amounts of palm mesocarp fiber (PMF) and empty fruit bunch (EFB) waste fractions supplemented with 1% palm oil mill effluent (POME) and sediments (SD). The spent mushroom substrates (SMS) were used in biogas production, compared to fresh waste blends, biogas volume was higher across all but two treatments. …
Short- Term Effects Of Cypermethrin Pesticide On Nutrient Levels And Microbial Communities In Tropical Soil Of Uganda, Mama N. Simon
Short- Term Effects Of Cypermethrin Pesticide On Nutrient Levels And Microbial Communities In Tropical Soil Of Uganda, Mama N. Simon
Tanzania Journal of Science
Cypermethrin is an insecticide widely used by farmers in Uganda to control pests and diseases. The widespread use leads to biomagnification, affecting humans and the ecosystem. This study examined the short-term effects of cypermethrin on soil macronutrients (N, P, K), meso-nutrients (Ca, Mg), and microbial communities (bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes) in tropical Ugandan soils. Soil samples treated with cypermethrin and control were collected and analysed using standard methods of flame photometry for potassium (K), atomic absorption spectroscopy for calcium and magnesium, Wet-acid oxidation for nitrogen and phosphorus, and standard plate count techniques for microbial populations. The study used a Randomized …
Food Safety Concerns: A Review On Pathogenic Microbes Associated With Common Edible Insects, Anitha Philbert
Food Safety Concerns: A Review On Pathogenic Microbes Associated With Common Edible Insects, Anitha Philbert
Tanzania Journal of Science
This review explored the pathogenic microbes associated with common edible insects. With rising human populations and fluctuating food supplies, edible insects offer a rich source of protein, vitamins, and minerals and are culturally accepted in many regions. Despite their nutritional benefits, knowledge on microbial hazards associated with edible insects is fragmented. The review focuses on commonly consumed species, including Tenebrio molitor, Zophobas morio, Acheta domesticus, Gryllus bimaculatus, Locusta migratoria, Ruspolia differens, Bombix mori, Bunaea alcinoe, and Oryctes monoceros. A total of 43 pathogenic bacteria and 20 pathogenic fungi linked to these edible insect species were identified. The most frequently reported …
Antioxidant And Anti-Inflammatory Effects Of Blighia Unijugata Baker Aril Protein-Rich Extract, Oludele O. Odekanyin, Ifeoluwa M. Adepoju, Tolulope A. Anjorin, Oluwatobi S. Adekoya
Antioxidant And Anti-Inflammatory Effects Of Blighia Unijugata Baker Aril Protein-Rich Extract, Oludele O. Odekanyin, Ifeoluwa M. Adepoju, Tolulope A. Anjorin, Oluwatobi S. Adekoya
Tanzania Journal of Science
The study investigated the in vitro oxidative-stress-mitigating effect and anti- inflammatory potential of the soluble protein of the arils of Blighia unijugata in order to establish possible use in inflammatory therapy. Air-dried Blighia unijugata aril was pulverized into powder, defatted using petroleum ether, and homogenized in Phosphate Buffer Saline. The homogenate was centrifuged, and the supernatant was subjected to ammonium sulphate fractionation. The precipitate was thoroughly dialyzed, dialysate was freeze-dried, and termed partially purified Blighia unijugata aril protein extract (ppBUAPE). The antioxidant potential of the protein-rich extract was investigated using DPPH, H2O2 scavenging activity, and FRAP. The ability of ppBUAPE …
Enterobacteriaceae Contamination In Locally Packaged Roasted Cashew Kernels From The Coast And Morogoro Regions, Tanzania, Douglas Mushi, Silvia Francis Materu
Enterobacteriaceae Contamination In Locally Packaged Roasted Cashew Kernels From The Coast And Morogoro Regions, Tanzania, Douglas Mushi, Silvia Francis Materu
Tanzania Journal of Science
The increased sales of locally packaged roasted cashew kernels (RCK) in Tanzania reflect growing consumer demand for healthy, convenient snacks. Despite this popularity and frequently reported cases of gastrointestinal illness, the microbial safety of these plastic- bagged products is not well-documented, posing a potential public health concern. To address this, a study was performed to evaluate packaging hygiene, package integrity, and microbial contamination of randomly selected packages of RCK (small: n=99; medium: n=87; large: n=118) from vendors in Coast and Morogoro regions, Tanzania. Package integrity was assessed using a vacuum decay leak tester while microbial contamination on surfaces including RCK, …
Molecular Evidence For Presence Of Manihot Esculenta Associated Virus 1: Cg-Nmb And/Or Cg-Kah Isolates In Coast, Tanzania: A Threat To Cassava Production, Herieth R. Mero
Molecular Evidence For Presence Of Manihot Esculenta Associated Virus 1: Cg-Nmb And/Or Cg-Kah Isolates In Coast, Tanzania: A Threat To Cassava Production, Herieth R. Mero
Tanzania Journal of Science
Genetic diversity of Manihot esculenta associated virus type 1 (MEaV-1) species suspected to cause the most destructive Brown Streak of Cassava (CBSD) in Tanzania, has remained elusive since the year 2020 when MY-6mb-4 virus isolate was first identified in Chambezi, Coast region. In this study, two additional isolates (CG-Nmb and CG-Kah) of the MEaV-1 species were characterized in the same area after screening leaf samples collected from 292 Kiroba, 12 Albert and 22 Kikombe varieties of cassava using a Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT- PCR) assay. One half of the leaf samples collected from each of the three varieties …
Exploring Bacterial Diversity In Seagrass Meadow Of Thalassia Hemprichii And Syringodium Isoetifolium From Tanzania’S Coast, Lucy D. Mbusi, Thomas J. Lyimo, Sylvester L. Lyantagaye
Exploring Bacterial Diversity In Seagrass Meadow Of Thalassia Hemprichii And Syringodium Isoetifolium From Tanzania’S Coast, Lucy D. Mbusi, Thomas J. Lyimo, Sylvester L. Lyantagaye
Tanzania Journal of Science
Seagrasses are highly productive coastal ecosystems that harbor diverse bacterial communities, including both culturable and unculturable taxa. These bacteria play vital roles in ecological, biogeochemical, and biotechnological processes. In this study, a metagenomic approach using Pacific Biosciences next-generation sequencing was employed to investigate bacterial diversity associated with Thalassia hemprichii and Syringodium isoetifolium collected from the Mjimwema coast, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Results revealed that T. hemprichii supported greater bacterial species diversity (117 OTUs) compared to S. isoetifolium (109 OTUs). Among plant compartments, roots harbored the highest diversity, followed by rhizosphere sediment and leaves. The phylum Proteobacteria dominated across all samples …
Morphometric And Meristic Analysis Of Labeo Coubie In Esa-Odo Water Reservoir, Esa-Odo, Osun State Nigeria, Olugbemi V. Ekundare, Funmilayo B. Oyekanmi, Mahmud Sanni, Azeez Aransi, Dorcas O. Owolabi
Morphometric And Meristic Analysis Of Labeo Coubie In Esa-Odo Water Reservoir, Esa-Odo, Osun State Nigeria, Olugbemi V. Ekundare, Funmilayo B. Oyekanmi, Mahmud Sanni, Azeez Aransi, Dorcas O. Owolabi
Tanzania Journal of Science
One of the common species of family Cyprinidae found in Nigeria and West Africa is Labeo coubie. They are of commercial importance in West Africa. This study embarked on the assessment of the length- weight relationship, condition factor, morphometrics and meristic characteristics of L. coubie from Esa-Odo water reservoir, Esa-Odo, Osun State Nigeria. A total of 135 (65 males and 70 females) individual L. coubie collected from fishermen were subjected to morphometric and meristic analysis. Results showed 4.90, 5.46 and 5.24 as the b value for male, female and combined sexes respectively, describing positive allometric growth for all the fish …
Antibiofilm Potential Of Zanthoxylum Zanthoxyloides Bark-Extract Against Biofilm-Producing Streptococcus Mutans In Dental Caries, Efunwole Omonike Omolade, Olaitan J. Olubukola, Wahab Abideen A, Oyedara Opemipo Omotayo, Oluwajide O. Odunola
Antibiofilm Potential Of Zanthoxylum Zanthoxyloides Bark-Extract Against Biofilm-Producing Streptococcus Mutans In Dental Caries, Efunwole Omonike Omolade, Olaitan J. Olubukola, Wahab Abideen A, Oyedara Opemipo Omotayo, Oluwajide O. Odunola
Tanzania Journal of Science
Streptococcus mutans is the major cause of dental caries, which is costly to treat. The burden is worse in low- and middle-income countries, due to poor access to oral health services and diets high in free sugars. Conventional antibiofilm agents in oral health often have side effects, prompting the search for safer and affordable alternatives. This study investigates the antibiofilm activity of Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides bark extract against biofilm-forming S. mutans. Dental plaque and tooth samples were collected from hospitals after ethical approval. S. mutans was identified using standard microbiological methods on Mitis Salivarius agar supplemented with Bacitracin and potassium tellurite. …
Crude Extracts Of Seaweeds (Ulva Lactuca And Eucheuma Spinosum) As Biostimulants For Enhancing Sweet Pepper Production, Charles Olambo Joseph, Seif Amour M
Crude Extracts Of Seaweeds (Ulva Lactuca And Eucheuma Spinosum) As Biostimulants For Enhancing Sweet Pepper Production, Charles Olambo Joseph, Seif Amour M
Tanzania Journal of Science
Sweet pepper is the world’s second most important vegetable after tomato, making its production vital for economic growth and supporting livelihoods. However, growing concerns about environmental protection and sustainability make the search for eco‑friendly alternatives to synthetic fertilizers inevitable. Seaweed extracts are rich in bioactive compounds that can stimulate key plant growth and defense pathways making them effective biofertilizer. A Randomized Complete Block Design was laid out to evaluate the potential of seaweed extract (U. lactuca and E. spinosum) in promoting the growth and productivity of sweet pepper(Capsicum annuum L.). Seaweed was applied in both liquid and …
Prevalence And Molecular Characterization Of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella In Poultry Of Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Tumwi T. Salah, Paulo S. Joseph, Bishop I. Magidanga, Richard S. Mwakapuja, Victor A. Makene
Prevalence And Molecular Characterization Of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella In Poultry Of Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Tumwi T. Salah, Paulo S. Joseph, Bishop I. Magidanga, Richard S. Mwakapuja, Victor A. Makene
Tanzania Journal of Science
Poultry is one of the common source of non-typhoidal Salmonella and poultry products are the major sources of human and animal infections with the Salmonella. A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of non-typhoidal Salmonella in live commercial and backyard chickens from retail markets and farms in Dar es Salaam city, Tanzania. The study was conducted in four districts; Ubungo, Kinondoni, Temeke and Ilala. A total of 400 chickens (120 broilers, 120 layers and 160 backyard chickens) were tested for Salmonella. Salmonella isolation and identification was carried out using bacteriological standard methods and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) …
Morphological And Biochemical Characterization Of Endophytic Bacteria From Selected Medicinal Plants Found At The University Of Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Ibrahim Juma
Tanzania Journal of Science
Endophytic bacteria are capable of colonising internal tissues of medicinal plants, and producing secondary metabolites (biochemical compounds) of beneficial importance like the ones produced by their host plants. Though Tanzania harbours a wide species of medicinal plants with endophytic bacteria capable of producing such important bioactive substances, research on these bacteria remains scant, which limit their biotechnological applications. This work was undertaken to isolate and document endophytic bacteria from tropical almond, local avocado, banana and blue snake weed plants found at the University of Dar es Salaam, main campus. The study characterised the isolated endophytes based on morphological descriptors and …
The Influence Of Chlorophyll-A And Sea Surface Temperature On Anchovy Catch Trends (2011-2024) In Kilwa, Tanzania, Renatus Shigi, Prosper L. Mfilinge
The Influence Of Chlorophyll-A And Sea Surface Temperature On Anchovy Catch Trends (2011-2024) In Kilwa, Tanzania, Renatus Shigi, Prosper L. Mfilinge
Tanzania Journal of Science
Anchovies exhibit varying trends in catch worldwide, with some regions experiencing declines in catch due to overfishing and environmental changes, while others remain stable or experience increases. Kilwa is among the most productive small pelagic fisheries along the Tanzanian coast. This study aimed to investigate the influence of Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) and Sea Surface Temperature (SST) on anchovy catch trends in Kilwa. The study further examined the relationship between catch per unit effort (CPUE) and total anchovy catch, as well as its implications for fisheries management. The study was conducted at two sites: Kilwa Kivinje and Kilwa Masoko during both the …
The Effects Of Algal Blooms On Oxygen Levels In Lakes Babati And Eyasi, Tanzania, Amelia S. Buriyo, Nyatwere D. Mganga, Mary Melchiory
The Effects Of Algal Blooms On Oxygen Levels In Lakes Babati And Eyasi, Tanzania, Amelia S. Buriyo, Nyatwere D. Mganga, Mary Melchiory
Tanzania Journal of Science
Globally aquatic ecosystems are reportedly overwhelmed by algal blooms due to excessive deposition of nutrients which ultimately cause hypoxia, leading to massive fish death. This study aimed at assessing the relationship between algae contents and dissolved oxygen (DO) in Lake Babati which is threatened by anthropogenic activities, whereas Lake Eyasi was used as a control. Algae contents (chlorophyll a), DO and surface water temperature were measured using standard methods. Results revealed that the mean algae content was significantly higher (4.47±0.88 mg/L) in Lake Babati than in Lake Eyasi (1.6±0.45 mg/L) (P < 0.05) and was beyond the standard permissible levels for domestic water supply and healthy ecosystem. Conversely, DO was significantly lower in Lake Babati than in Lake Eyasi (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in water temperature in the two lakes (P > 0.05). Furthermore, there was an inverse relationship between algae …
Genetic Characterization Of Water Yam (Dioscorea Alata L.) And Production Constraints Of Yam In Pwani Region And Unguja Island, Tanzania, Gladness E Temu, Veneranda E Mlegi, Nessie D Luambano
Genetic Characterization Of Water Yam (Dioscorea Alata L.) And Production Constraints Of Yam In Pwani Region And Unguja Island, Tanzania, Gladness E Temu, Veneranda E Mlegi, Nessie D Luambano
Tanzania Journal of Science
Yam (Dioscorea spp.) is a tuber crop cultivated in over 30% of all regions in Tanzania, contributing to the carbohydrate needs of many households. The morphological and genetic diversity of water yam (D. alata L.) local cultivars collected from Pwani region and Unguja Island were evaluated using 26 agro-morphological characters and 10 Short Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers. Cluster analysis using morphological characters classified nine water yam local cultivars into two main clusters with three subclusters. Tuber flesh and leaf colour were the main descriptors for clustering. The genetic diversity of 128 water yam genotypes using ten polymorphic SSR markers generated …
Microbiological Quality Of Irrigation Water And Leafy Vegetables In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Bubelwa L. Kamara, Godwill D. Mrema, Thomas J. Lyimo
Microbiological Quality Of Irrigation Water And Leafy Vegetables In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Bubelwa L. Kamara, Godwill D. Mrema, Thomas J. Lyimo
Tanzania Journal of Science
The quality of water used for the irrigation of leafy vegetables in urban settings is in doubt due to contamination associated with poor hygiene and water pollution. This study examined the microbiological quality of irrigation water and leafy vegetables at Chang’ombe in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania as well as the perceptions and level of awareness of nearby consumers. Water and leafy vegetable samples were analysed for faecal coliform (FC) using standard techniques. Perception and awareness of consumers were collected using a questionnaire survey. The results showed an average FC count of 406.1 ± 16.40 MPN/100 ml for the irrigation water. …