Digital Commons Network^™

Analysis Of Power Efficiency Of A Direct-Driven Locally Fabricated Permanent Magnet Ac Generator For Small-Scale Wind Power Applications In Tanzania, Mussa Iddi Mgwatu Dr.

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

The use of direct-driven permanent magnet alternating current (AC) generators offers the opportunity to reduced costs and increased system efficiency. This type of generator could be the best alternative for rural population whom are not connected to the national grid. To improve the design and efficiency of locally fabricated generators, it is imperative to characterize both their mechanical and electrical parameters. This paper presents the analysis of power efficiency of the synchronous permanent AC generator locally fabricated in Tanzania. In this case, load resistance and rotational speed are characterized using designed experiment. The output current and voltage of the generator …

Thermolysis And Kinetics Of Scrap Tyre And Bagasse For Energy Utilization, Petro Ndalila

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

The increase of energy demand has brought concern to find alternative fuel that will at least sustain the requirement. Bagasse and scrap tyre are waste generated in our industrial activities, which can be used in energy production to subsidize the demand. This paper, aim to study the decomposition behaviour and kinetics of biomass (bagasse) and scrap tyre as preliminary stage of fuel sample analysis to be considered for energy production in gasification/combustion or pyrolysis facilities. The behaviour demonstrated with thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), shows that all samples have high volatile amount release, 84.21% for bagasse and 85.08% for scrap tyre, which …

Analysis Of Factors Affecting Technological Innovativeness In Engineering Enterprises In Tanzania, Emanuel Mjema

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

This paper discusses the technological innovativeness in engineering enterprises in Tanzania and analyses the factors affecting the innovativeness. It starts by analyzing various concepts regarding innovation, then analyzed from documentary review factors affecting innovativeness and then analyzed the innovativeness in Tanzanian enterprises. From the documentary review it was learnt that the following key factors influence technological innovativeness: Existence of innovation management; Existence of market to absorb the products of innovation; Existence of partnership between the universities and the firms; Existence of positive culture and politics towards innovation; The government playing its role to influence innovation; Existence of the right knowledge; …

Optimising The Performance Of Roundabouts In Dar Es Salaam City, David Mfinanga

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Intersections are one of the major bottlenecks that aggravate congestion in road networks; effective control of which is an important strategy in improving traffic flow. While developing countries have found it hard to adopt sophisticated means of intersection control, they have also not optimised the performance of roundabouts. This paper reviews the performance of roundabouts, which have become increasingly popular in recent years, as simple and low cost forms of intersection control. The performance of three major roundabouts in Dar es Salaam has been analysed and results show that roundabouts can accommodate high traffic volumes without causing excessive delays. The …

Abby Guthmann Wins Grand Prize In Acm Photo Contest, Lawrence University

Press Releases

Abby Guthmann’s study-abroad experience in Tanzania generated a lifetime of memories—and an award-winning photograph.

The senior biology major from St. Paul, Minn., was selected as the Grand Prize winner in the Associated Colleges of the Midwest’s 2013-14 Off-Campus Study Photo Contest. Guthmann’s photo, “Girls in the Shambass” was taken while Guthmann was hiking through the Usambara Mountains in northern Tanzania.

“Children would often run after us and ask for their pictures to be taken,” said Guthmann. “These two followed me through the shambass, hoping to get a few more pictures. After asking if I could take one more, they grinned …

Stakeholders’ Views On The Effects Of Students’ Participation In Co-Curricular Activities In Secondary Schools In Tanzania, Rehema Japhet

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

This paper seeks to explore stakeholders’ views on the effects of students’ participation in co-curricular activities in secondary schools. It explores the perceptions held by heads of schools, teachers, students, chairpersons of school boards, school inspectors and parents towards academic, physical and social development of students as a result of engaging in co-curricular activities. Stakeholders’ views helped to determine the value attached to the activities in comparison to the contribution the activities have in students’ total development. A total of 218 respondents participated in the study on which this paper is based. Basically, qualitative research data collection methodology was used …

Academic Staff’S Access And Use Of Technological Tools: A Challenge To Blended Learning Implementation In Tanzania’S Tertiary Institutions, Luka Mkonongwa

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

This paper explores academic staff’s access to and ability to use technological tools in the course of implementing blended learning system in higher education. In a study, a survey questionnaire was used to collect data from 46 respondents. The results revealed that although academic staff had high self-efficacy towards learning and using technological tools, their access to and use of many technological tools were too limited. This affected their competence and confidence to use such technological tools to teach, and deterred the successful implementation of the blended learning approach. The study concluded that the success of blended learning will depend …

Challenges Of African Languages In Education: The Case Of Kiswahili In Tanzania, Benedictor Phanuel Lema

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Tanzania presents a perfect case of former colonies that have strived to redress colonial legacies. The Africanization policy adopted after independence and cemented in the 1967 Arusha Declaration was a deliberate move to replace foreign workforce and practices with African values. Education was one of the sectors that needed and, indeed, received a lot of transformations. This paper particularly discusses language practices in the education system in Tanzania in that context. While both theory and practice favour Kiswahili as a medium of instruction at all levels of education, policy seems to work to the contrary. The discussion revolves around the …

Controversies Underlying The Genre Of Short Story: A Critique Of Perceptions On Kiswahili Written Short Story, Method Samwel

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

The genre of short story has been viewed by scholars as being very controversial and conflicting. The debates are on the proper way of defining short stories, their classification with supporting examples, and their actual distinctive features. This paper acknowledges the need to analyze literature into genres and even sub-genres, but shows how controversial literary genres can be. It mainly focuses on controversies pertaining to short story as a genre of Kiswahili literature. It presents varied perceptions of various scholars on issues related to Kiswahili written short stories. It also presents the ‘best’ way of resolving the controversies.

Teachers’ Attitudes Towards Sexuality Education: A Case Of Primary Schools In Morogoro Region, Tanzania, Margareth Bilinga

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

This paper is about teachers’ attitudes towards teaching sexuality education (SE) in Morogoro rural and urban districts. It is based on a study which employed mixed method design and used both qualitative and quantitative approaches. It involved a sample of 126 teachers residing from Morogoro rural and urban schools. Data were obtained through interviews and questionnaire. It was revealed that a majority of the teachers supported the teaching of SE in schools with more support of HIV and AIDS contents than pregnancy and contraceptives. There was no significant difference in terms of attitudes between teachers residing in rural and urban …

Wetlands Utilization And Rural Livelihood Diversification: A Case Of Simiyu Wetland, Magu, Tanzania, Emiliana Mwita

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

In many developing countries wetlands play an important role in supporting the livelihood of both urban and rural communities. In rural areas wetlands are increasingly becoming a focal point of production and livelihood diversification due to their richness and the diverse options they provide. This paper explores the livelihood options provided by Simiyu wetland in Magu District, Simiyu Region, to the community living arround it using social survey methods. This paper is based on a study which shows that wetland farming is the main activity (75%) and significantly contribute to cash income generation, followed by livestock keeping, fishing and handicraft. …

Floristic Composition, Diversity And Structure Of The Kimboza Forest In Morogoro Region, Tanzania, David S. Kacholi

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Kimboza forest reserve in Morogoro region, is an important biodiversity hotspot among the Eastern Arc forests of Tanzania. High population pressure and encroachment threatens its conservation values. This is based on a study which aimed at investigating the composition, diversity, and structure of the tree community in the forest. All trees with DBH ≥ 10cm were inventoried from 0.72ha in a total of 18 plots of 20m × 20m placed randomly from the forest edge to the interior. Most important families and species were determined using familial importance value (FIV) and species importance value (IVI) indices, respectively. Diversity was analyzed …

Understanding Social Changes In Tanzania: Independence And Loss Of Hegemonic Masculinity In Ruhumbika’S Village In Uhuru, Edith Bwana

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

The transition from colonialism to independence and Ujamaa had great impacts on society—politically, economically and socially. This is discussed in relation to the novel Village in Uhuru (1969) by Gabriel Ruhumbika. Within the backdrop of independence, he explores the social changes that occur in the small village of Chamambo. Through two main characters—namely Balinde and Musilanga— Ruhumbika explores the changing social values. This paper argues that masculinity is a social construct. It will explore how Musilanga serves as a representative of hegemonic masculinity, and how through the actions of his son, he is deprived of this designation, leaving a void …

Stage Fright, Sarah Stone

Valparaiso Fiction Review

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Separating Ownership From Control On Corporate Leverage, Josephat Lotto

Business Management Review

This paper aims to examine how corporate leverage is affected by the separation of ownership from control .Using data from a sample of 643 listed UK firms, the results show supportive evidence of a statistically significant positive relationship between the largest shareholder ' s ownership concentration and debt ratio. More importantly, the results of the paper show a statistically significant and positive relationship between control-wedge (deviation between control rights and cash flow rights) and the debt ratio confirming that control attracts controlling shareholders to extract private benefits. This finding offers directly evidence for the debt-increasing effect of the hypothesis formulated …

Sustainable Development And The Issue Of Water In The Kagera Region Of Tanzania, Teresa M. Dresner

Theses & Dissertations

Over the last five decades, an abundance of research on sustainable development has emerged in multiple disciplinary areas, but few studies on the economic, social, and environmental dimensions of sustainability have examined water issues for rural communities. Consequently, the purpose of this case study was to understand how a group of rural women from the Kagera region in Tanzania perceived and experienced sustainable development as a result of their improved access to water. The following central questions of the study sought to explore the local meanings of sustainable development and improved water sources: (a) How was life of rural women …

Grand Multiparity: Is It Still A Risk In Pregnancy?, Andrew H. Mgaya, Siriel N. Massawe, Hussein Kidanto, Hans N. Mgaya

Faculty of Health Sciences, East Africa

Background The association of grand multiparity and poor pregnancy outcome has not been consistent for decades. Classifying grand multiparous women as a high-risk group without clear evidence of a consistent association with adverse outcomes can lead to socioeconomic burdens to the mother, family and health systems. We compared the maternal and perinatal complications among grand multiparous and other multiparous women in Dar es Salaam in Tanzania.

Methods A cross-sectional study was undertaken at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH). A standard questionnaire enquired the following variables: demographic characteristics, antenatal profile and detected obstetric risk factors as well as maternal and neonatal risk …

Heroes - The Ismaili Africa, Nasrin Shamji-Dewany

Selected secondary sources and publications with substantial content about AKU

This issue of The Ismaili Africa highlights major institutional initiatives, community achievements, and humanitarian efforts across East and Central Africa. Featured stories include the inauguration of the Aga Khan Academy in Hyderabad by Mawlana Hazar Imam, the Aga Khan Award for Architecture, Serena Hotels’ recognition at the World Travel Awards, and the community's response to the 2013 Westgate Mall attack in Nairobi. The publication also includes profiles, interviews, regional news, and tributes, reflecting the values, resilience, and service ethos of the Ismaili community.

Teachers’ Questioning Techniques In Advanced Level Chemistry Lessons: A Tanzanian Perspective, Ernest Kira, Sotco Komba, Eugenia Kafanabo, Frank Tilya

Australian Journal of Teacher Education

This study investigated the extent to which teachers’ questioning techniques and the way teachers handled students’ responses facilitated students’ learning and promoted their thinking skills. The study focused on three secondary schools in Dar es Salaam. The data collection process involved classroom observations during chemistry lessons and interviews of 10 chemistry teachers. The findings showed that 80% of the observed teachers had a moderate ability in using questioning techniques to measure students’ understanding. The interesting observation in all schools was that teachers interacted frequently with active students and bothered less to involve the least active ones. Moreover, above 80% of …

Connecting Aga Khan University's Nine Campus Libraries Across Three Continents Through A Shared Library System, Ashraf Sharif, Normand Demers

Libraries

The Aga Khan University (AKU) is the only university in the developing world that is serving through its eleven campuses spread across eight countries and three continents. It has a network of nine libraries, although small in size, in four developing courtiers in two regions (South Asia and East Africa). The university has recently implemented a library management system to integrate all nine libraries in four counties using a single shared database. The purpose of this paper is to share our experience of implementing the industry standard-base state-of-the-art library system. The geographical location of AKU libraries and multilingual collections makes …

Mission Creep Or A Search For Relevance: The East African Court Of Justice’S Human Rights Strategy, James Gathii

Duke Journal of Comparative & International Law

No abstract provided.

Perceptions And Effects Of Antenatal Education, Mohammed A. Al-Ateeq, Amal A. Al-Rusaiess, Aida A. Al-Dughaither

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To assess the quality and effect of antenatal health education on health-related issues during pregnancy, and the benefits to women during the peripartum period. METHODS: This is a descriptive study of 300 women attending the Postnatal Clinics and Women Health Clinics in 2 Family Medicine centers at King AbdulAziz Medical City, National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The study was carried out between November 2009 and February 2010. A predesigned questionnaire was used. RESULTS: Three hundred women completed the questionnaire. Most women made their first antenatal visit during the fourth month of pregnancy, and most had 3-6 antenatal …

Evaluation Of The Efficacy Of A Rat Agreement Based Reinforcement Procedure, Katherine B. Lalonde

Masters Theses

Since 2007, giant African pouched rats (Cricetomys gambianus) have been used successfullyfor detecting Tuberculosis (TB) positive patients.The rats are trained to detect TB-positive sputum samples through the use of operant conditioning techniques, in which an indicator response is rewarded with food. If the rats are to be used for first line screening of patients reinforcement could not be provided because the true status of the sample would be unknown. The present study evaluated the effects of a reinforcement-for-agreement procedure that could be used to reinforce indication responses when the true status of the sample is unknown. Four rats evaluated 100 …

Gender Differences In Internet Usage Among College Students: A Comparative Study, S Thanuskodi

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

In today’s work environment there is a drastic change in the way how information are shared as well as networking and socializing take place in every society. No doubt that the Internet has become a powerful tool for communication purposes, to exchange ideas, and even used in participation in local, national and international networking. The history of the Internet emerges back in 1960s when several computer scientists were hired by Pentagon to build a system to decentralize communication network. As a result the Arpanet was born. Over time the network grew rapidly to interconnect numerous universities, research centers as well …

Optimism Versus Pessmism: An Exploratory Analysis Of China In Zambian Media, Bob Wekesa

Zambia Social Science Journal

The huge interest in Zambia-­‐China relations globally, both in academia and popular press, inspires several inquisitions. How have these relations changed and panned out in the present, from a Zambian media perspective? Would a Zambian media approach help provide insights into the ebb and flow of perceptions about China inside Zambia? What can we gather from the Zambian media on the September 2011 regime change in Zambia vis-­‐à-­‐vis China’s engagement? In other words, how did Zambian media craft perceptions on and of China in the era of late president Michael Chilufya Sata’s leadership? To answer these questions, this exploratory study …

Cholera Vaccination Campaign Contributes To Improved Knowledge Regarding Cholera And Improved Practice Relevant To Waterborne Disease In Rural Haiti, Omowunmi Aibana, Molly F Franke, Jessica E Teng, Johanne Hilaire, Max Raymond, Louise C Ivers

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Haiti's cholera epidemic has been devastating partly due to underlying weak infrastructure and limited clean water and sanitation. A comprehensive approach to cholera control is crucial, yet some have argued that oral cholera vaccination (OCV) might result in reduced hygiene practice among recipients. We evaluated the impact of an OCV campaign on knowledge and health practice in rural Haiti.

METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We administered baseline surveys on knowledge and practice relevant to cholera and waterborne disease to every 10th household during a census in rural Haiti in February 2012 (N = 811). An OCV campaign occurred from May-June 2012 after …

Species Censes & Local Conceptions Of Ornithological Fauna, Uzi, Alexandria Vandervest

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Uzi Island is a rapidly growing and developing island with a wealth of flora and fauna found in very few other places around the world. Study is needed in every field, this was a preliminary study into the residential and migrant bird species presence on Uzi Island. Birds were observed in two of the main habitats present on Uzi Island, intertidal/mangrove and coral-rag. Three transects were cut and laid through each of the two habitats and monitored in the morning and evening hours over the course of 20 days. A total of 1949 birds were recorded comprising 71 species (708 …

Cimagazine - Fall 2013, Dmacc

ciMagazine

Our annual ciLive! (Celebrate! Innovation Live) gives students and the community opportunities to interact with people (some famous, all inspired) who have dreamed, created, and accomplished. During this thought-provoking and interactive event, students listen, absorb, and engage without the stress of the regular class routine. Generous sponsors make the event free and open to the public. Celebrate! Innovation Magazine is published biannually by Des Moines Area Community College West Campus

Akhuwat Issue No. 91, Aga Khan University

AKHUWAT Newsletters

• Independence Day Celebrated at AKU
• Independence Day Celebrated at AKU
• TKN Initiatives The impact TKN Volunteers can make
• Face to Face with Greg Moran
• Provost
• Aga Khan University
• Proud to Announce
• Aspire Recognition of Excellence Awards for Medical College, Pakistan
• Quality and Safety Update
• JCIA Library of Measures Dashboard
• Service Excellence
• Hospital Management Asia (HMA) 2013 Awards
• AKU-IED Pakistan Celebrates its 20th Anniversary
• AKU-IED MEd graduates Excel in Federal Public Service Commission examination
• Shakeout Drill Held
• Workshop on Emotional Development of Children
• Working Creativity with Challenging and Emotionally Wounded Young People
• Congratulations
• Secondary Hospitals
• About our Greatest Assets
• Retirements

Research Outlook Issue - 6, The Aga Khan University

Department of Research Archives

This inaugural issue of Research Outlook (October 2013) highlights research achievements and initiatives across Aga Khan University. It features groundbreaking biomedical studies, educational innovations, archaeological collaborations, and updates from various departments, reflecting AKU’s growing role as a global research leader.