Digital Commons Network^™

Development Of A Health Care Systems Curriculum., Zachary Pruitt, Rahul Mhaskar, Bryan G. Kane Md, Robert D. Barraco Md, Mph, Deborah J Dewaay, Alexander M. Rosenau Do, Kristin A. Bresnan Md, Marna R. Greenberg Do, Mph, Facep

Marna R Greenberg DO, MPH, FACEP

Background: There is currently no gold standard for delivery of systems-based practice in medical education, and it is challenging to incorporate into medical education. Health systems competence requires physicians to understand patient care within the broader health care system and is vital to improving the quality of care clinicians provide. We describe a health systems curriculum that utilizes problem-based learning across 4 years of systems-based practice medical education at a single institution.

Methods: This case study describes the application of a problem-based learning approach to system-based practice medical education. A series of behavioral statements, called entrustable professional activities, was created …

Development Of A Health Care Systems Curriculum., Zachary Pruitt, Rahul Mhaskar, Bryan G. Kane Md, Robert D. Barraco Md, Mph, Deborah J Dewaay, Alexander M. Rosenau Do, Kristin A. Bresnan Md, Marna R. Greenberg Do, Mph, Facep

Bryan G Kane MD

Background: There is currently no gold standard for delivery of systems-based practice in medical education, and it is challenging to incorporate into medical education. Health systems competence requires physicians to understand patient care within the broader health care system and is vital to improving the quality of care clinicians provide. We describe a health systems curriculum that utilizes problem-based learning across 4 years of systems-based practice medical education at a single institution.

Methods: This case study describes the application of a problem-based learning approach to system-based practice medical education. A series of behavioral statements, called entrustable professional activities, was created …

Nucleotide Excision Repair Of Oxidised Genomic Dna Is Not A Source Of Urinary 8-Oxo-7,8-Dihydro-2’-Deoxyguanosine, Mark D. Evans, Vilas Misty, Rajinder Singh, Daniel Gackowski, Rafał Różalski, Agnieszka Siomek-Gorecka, David H. Phillips, Jie Zuo, Leon Mullenders, Alex Pines, Yusaku Nakabeppu, Kunihiko Sakumi, Mutsuo Sekiguchi, Teruhisa Tsuzuki, Margherita Bignami, Ryszard Oliński, Marcus Cooke

Dr. Marcus S. Cooke PhD, FRCPath

Urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodGuo) is a widely measured biomarker of oxidative stress. It has been commonly assumed to be a product of DNA repair, and therefore reflective of DNA oxidation. However, the source of urinary 8-oxodGuo is not understood, although potential confounding contributions from cell turnover and diet have been ruled out. Clearly it is critical to understand the precise biological origins of this important biomarker, so that the target molecule that is oxidised can be identified, and the significance of its excretion can be interpreted fully. In the present study we aimed to assess the contributions of nucleotide excision repair …

Commercial Success And Patent Standards: Economic Perspectives On Innovation, Robert P. Merges

Robert P Merges

This Article criticizes a recent line of patent decisions in which the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit has considered evidence of an innovation's commercial success in deciding whether to award a patent to the inn innovator. Professor Merges briefly reviews the history of patent law and concludes that one of its principle purposes is to reward "invention," or the achievement of a significant technical advance and thereby to spur innovative technological development. He notes, however, that recently, the Federal Circuit has begun to consider "secondary factors," including the financial success of a commercialized invention, and the extent to …

Usf Capstone Paper: Master Of Public Health, Rachel Alvarez

Rachel Alvarez

Bringing Emotions Into Social Exchange Theory, Edward J. Lawler, Shane R. Thye

Edward J Lawler

We analyze and review how research on emotion and emotional phenomena can elaborate and improve contemporary social exchange theory. After identifying six approaches from the psychology and sociology of emotion, we illustrate how these ideas bear on the context, process, and outcome of exchange in networks and groups. The paper reviews the current state of the field, develops testable hypotheses for empirical study, and provides specific suggestions for developing links between theories of emotion and theories of exchange.

If Data Sharing Is The Answer, What Is The Question?, Christine L. Borgman

Christine L. Borgman

19. Child Witnesses., Thomas D. Lyon, Kelly Mcwilliams, Shanna Williams

Thomas D. Lyon

Forensic Disciplines For Objective Global Strategic Analysis, Dale H. Shao, Lawrence P. Shao, Ralph E. Mckinney Jr.

Dale H Shao

The global nature of investing requires a thorough analysis of the firm to determine the strategic viability of the firm for investment purposes. In addition, businesses are being held more accountable for the statements they make and the actions they take concerning their business. Several forensic disciplines have recently emerged that may supply subjective and objective data that can assist investors in making their final investment decisions and determining if ongoing businesses are truly doing what is in the best interest of their shareholders. Another factor influencing the increase forensic analyses of national and multinational corporations is the increase in …

Cartels By Another Name: Should Licensed Occupations Face Antitrust Scrutiny?, Aaron Edlin, Rebecca Haw

Aaron Edlin

No abstract provided.

Cartels By Another Name: Should Licensed Occupations Face Antitrust Scrutiny?, Aaron Edlin, Rebecca Haw

Aaron Edlin

It has been over a hundred years since George Bernard Shaw wrote that "[a]ll professions are a conspiracy against the laity." Since then, the number of occupations and the percentage of workers subject to occupational licensing have exploded; nearly one-third of the U.S. workforce is now licensed, up from five percent in the 1950s. Through occupational licensing boards, states endow cosmetologists, veterinary doctors, medical doctors, and florists with the authority to decide who may practice their art. It cannot surprise when licensing boards comprised of competitors regulate in ways designed to raise their profits. The result for consumers is higher …

Educational Outcomes Of Small-Group Discussion Versus Traditional Lecture Format In Dental Students' Learning And Skills Acquisition., Ana Arias, Raymond Scott, Ove A. Peters, Elizabeth Mcclain, Alan H. Gluskin

Ove Peters

The aim of this prospective quantitative study was to compare the effect of different instructional formats on dental students' skills and knowledge acquisition for access cavity preparation. All first-year dental students were invited to participate in this study conducted during the four consecutive two-week endodontic rotation courses at the University of the Pacific Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry in spring semester 2015. Four alphabetically distributed intact groups of students were randomly allocated to two groups (n=70 each) that participated in either small-group discussion or a traditional lecture on access preparation. The first outcome measure was skill acquisition, measured by …

Biological Markers For Pulpal Inflammation: A Systematic Review., Dan-Krister Rechenberg, Johnah C. Galicia, Ove A. Peters

Ove Peters

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Pulpitis is mainly caused by an opportunistic infection of the pulp space with commensal oral microorganisms. Depending on the state of inflammation, different treatment regimes are currently advocated. Predictable vital pulp therapy depends on accurate determination of the pulpal status that will allow repair to occur. The role of several players of the host response in pulpitis is well documented: cytokines, proteases, inflammatory mediators, growth factors, antimicrobial peptides and others contribute to pulpal defense mechanisms; these factors may serve as biomarkers that indicate the status of the pulp. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to …

Advances In Endodontics: Potential Applications In Clinical Practice., Anil Kishen, Ove A. Peters, Matthias Zehnder, Anibal R. Diogenes, Madhu K. Nair

Ove Peters

Contemporary endodontics has seen an unprecedented advance in technology and materials. This article aimed to review some of the challenges and advances in the following sections: (1) endodontic imaging, (2) root canal preparation, (3) root canal disinfection, (4) root canal filling, and (4) regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs). Jointly, these advances are aimed at improving the state of the art and science of root canal treatment.

Characterizing The Evolutionary Path(S) To Early Homo, Lauren Schroeder, Charles C. Roseman, James M. Cheverud, Rebecca R. Ackermann

James Cheverud

Numerous studies suggest that the transition from Australopithecus to Homo was characterized by evolutionary innovation, resulting in the emergence and coexistence of a diversity of forms. However, the evolutionary processes necessary to drive such a transition have not been examined. Here, we apply statistical tests developed from quantitative evolutionary theory to assess whether morphological differences among late australopith and early Homo species in Africa have been shaped by natural selection. Where selection is demonstrated, we identify aspects of morphology that were most likely under selective pressure, and determine the nature (type, rate) of that selection. Results demonstrate that selection must …

Social Comparison And Persuasion In Health Communications, Jerry Suls, Kathryn Bruchmann

Kathryn Bruchmann

Two basic social processes, persuasion and social comparison, have figured prominently in the development and implementation of health communications since the early 1950s. This chapter reviews relevant theory and evidence from basic persuasion and comparison research to demonstrate the centrality of the self-concept for understanding changes in personal belief, opinion, self-efficacy, and behavior change. Then, selective evidence and implications from health communications research are reviewed: Interventions using self-affirmation; gain-loss framing and graphic warning labels/fear appeals from the persuasion area; and interventions using normative provision, social comparison interventions, and support groups from the comparison area. In the final section, personalized, tailored …

Mental Health And Psychosocial Service Needs And Utilization: Qualitative Analysis Of Key Informant And Focus Group Data From Syrian Refugees And Jordanian Nationals In The Kingdom Of Jordan

Reed M. Mueller, Ph.D.

A National Survey Of New Zealand Registered Nurses Caring Attributes, Professional Self Concept And Technological Influences, A O'Brien, David Arthur, M Woods, P Watson

David Arthur

No abstract provided.

Health And Needs Assessment Of Geriatric Patients: Results Of A Survey At A Teaching Hospital In Karachi, Syed Nabeel Zafar, Hammad Ashraf Ganatra, Sarah Tehseen, Waris Qidwai

Waris Qidwai

Objective: To study the health and needs of geriatric patients

Methods: A questionnaire based survey of patients visiting the out-patient department of Aga Khan University was carried out. Ethical requirements were met and included administration of informed consent and provision of confidentiality to patients. Convenience sampling was used without any randomization for interviews. Epi-info and SPSS software were used for data management.

Results: Four hundred and two (402) subjects above the age of 65 were surveyed. Most of the subjects were retired (40.5%) married (76.4%) men (69.7%). Ages ranged from 65 to 90 years, the mean being 70.57 years and …

Interplay Of Chemo Attractant Peptides (Cathelicidin And Chemerin) With Vitamin-D In Patients With Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Najeeha Talat Iqbal, Syeda Sadia Fatima, Rabia Hussain, Nisar Ahmed Rao, Narius Virji, Bushra Jamil, Muhammad Irfan

Bushra Jamil

Aim: Both Cathelicidin and Chemerin are chemoattractant proteins and possess antimicrobial activity.Sufficient level of Vitamin D is important for optimum response of Cathelicidin for its antimycobacterial activity. Studies on the role of these antimicrobial peptides and their relationship withVitamin D level are limited in tuberculosis. The aim of this study was to investigate an associationof Vitamin D with antimicrobial peptide (Cathelicidin) and an adipokine (Chemerin) in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Methods: In a case control study we estimated level of Vitamin D, Chemerin, Cathelicidin and TNFα in pulmonary TB patients (n=22) and healthy endemic controls (n=17) using sandwich ELISA …

Current Prevalence Rate Of Latex Allergy: Why It Remains A Problem?, Miaozong Wu, James Mcintosh, Jian Liu

Jian Liu

OBJECTIVES: This article aims to review the current prevalence rate of latex allergy among healthcare workers, susceptible patients, and the general public, and to investigate why latex is still a ubiquitous occupational health hazard.

METHODS: Scientific publications on PubMed, particularly those published within the last five years, and current regulations from agencies such as Food and Drug Administration (FDA) were reviewed. Consumer and commercial products that may contain latex were also surveyed.

RESULTS: Approximately 12 million tons of natural rubber latex is produced annually and is widely used to manufacture millions of consumer and commercial products. Only limited number of …

Current Prevalence Rate Of Latex Allergy: Why It Remains A Problem?, Miaozong Wu, James Mcintosh, Jian Liu

James McIntosh

OBJECTIVES: This article aims to review the current prevalence rate of latex allergy among healthcare workers, susceptible patients, and the general public, and to investigate why latex is still a ubiquitous occupational health hazard.

METHODS: Scientific publications on PubMed, particularly those published within the last five years, and current regulations from agencies such as Food and Drug Administration (FDA) were reviewed. Consumer and commercial products that may contain latex were also surveyed.

RESULTS: Approximately 12 million tons of natural rubber latex is produced annually and is widely used to manufacture millions of consumer and commercial products. Only limited number of …

Soup, Justice And Workplace Democracy: The Columbia Conserve Company, 1917-1943, Kenneth Colburn

Kenneth D. Colburn

No abstract provided.

Assessing Community Progress On The Blueprint To End Homelessness, Kevin Whiteacre, Kenneth Colburn, Cristie Cole, Deanna Hazel, Ryan Mcclarnon, Bradley Vogelsmeier, Monica Williams, Wei Xie

Kenneth D. Colburn

In 2002, the Indianapolis Housing Task Force published the Blueprint to End Homelessness, an ambitious 10-year strategy to end homelessness in Indianapolis by 2012. The Blueprint called for regular reports and evaluation of progress toward the Blueprint’s goals. The Coalition for Homelessness Intervention and Prevention (CHIP), charged with moving the Blueprint forward, has completed its own annual Community Progress Reports for 2009, 2010, and 2011. This report does not seek to replicate or evaluate these or any of the many previous reports CHIP has facilitated. We take what is presented in the previous reports as accurate and eminently useful. The …

The Path To Lawyer Well-Being: Practical Recommendations For Positive Change (The Report Of The National Task Force On Lawyer Well-Being), Part Ii, Recommendations For Law Schools, David Jaffe

David Jaffe

Rapidly Progressive Periodontal Disease Associated With Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Khalid Al Hezaimi, Fawad Javed, Tazeen S. Ali, Mansour Al Askar, Abdulaziz Al Rasheed

Tazeen Ali

Severe periodontal inflammation with generalized dental plaque accumulation, spontaneous and severe gingival bleeding, fungal infection, and interdental papillae necrosis are presented in a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Bite-wing radiographs revealed a generalized horizontal alveolar bone loss of 7-8 millimetres in both arches. Erythematous patches were noted on the gingival mucosa in both jaws. DNA testing was performed to indentify the periodontopathogens. The patient had no signs or symptoms of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. This case-report presents the massive periodontal destruction that occurred in a patient infected with HIV. Therefore, it is highly recommended that patients infected with HIV …

Pro And Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Levels (Tnf- , Il-1 , Il-6 Andil-10) In Rat Model Of Neuroma, Junad Khan, Noboru Noma, Andrew L. Young, Davis Thomas

Andrew L. Young

Traumatic neuroma is neuronal tissue proliferation developed in a nerve injury site, often associatedwith increased sensitivity and spontaneous or evoked neuropathic pain. The mechanisms leading to the disorganized nerve proliferation are not completely understood, though inflammation in the injured nerve vicinity most likely has a role in the process. Inflammatory cytokines are also known to be involvedin the maintenance and development of post-traumatic and neuropathic pain. The goal of this study wasto quantify and compare pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines (TNF- , IL-1 , IL-6 and IL-10) levels innerves that formed neuromas and nerves that did not, following sciatic nerve transection. …

Self Care Management In Corrections: Perspectives From Persons With An Incarceration Experience, Annette Maruca, Kimberly Dion Msn, Rn, Adrial Lobelo, Olivia Ampiah Bonney, Chunfang Chen, Kirk Sanger, Donna M. Zucker

Donna M. Zucker

Culturally And Linguistically-Adapted School Systems: A Study Of Promising Practices In Odds-Beating Elementary Schools, Kristen Campbell Wilcox, Karen Gregory, Fang Yu, Aaron Leo

Kristen Campbell Wilcox

Effects Of Periodontal Therapy On White Blood Cell Count And Levels Of Transforming Growth Factor Beta In Serum Of Subjects With Severe Periodontitis, A. C. E. Leite, V. M. A. Carneiro, Ana Carolina Morandini, Erivan Schnaider Ramos-Junior, M. C. M. Guimarães

Ana Carolina Morandini

This study aimed to investigate the effects of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on white blood cell (WBC) count and levels of transforming growth factor beta (TGF—β) in serum from subjects with severe periodontitis. Serum from 28 subjects with periodontitis (mean age: 34.36±6.24; 32% men) and 27 healthy controls (mean age: 33.18±6.42; 33% men) were collected prior to therapy. Blood samples were obtained from 23 subjects who completed therapy (9—12 months). A well—controlled periodontal treatment protocol was established in three stages: mechanical periodontal therapy (scaling and root planning), reinstrumentation of dental sites, and supportive periodontal therapy. Periodontal and systemic parameters such as …