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Articles 1 - 30 of 52
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A Plan For Meeting The Social, Emotional, And Behavioral Health Needs Of Washington’S Students, Ellen Evans
A Plan For Meeting The Social, Emotional, And Behavioral Health Needs Of Washington’S Students, Ellen Evans
Seattle Journal for Social Justice
No abstract provided.
Depressive Symptoms As A Predictor Factor Of All-Cause Mortality Within Six Months In Elderly Hemodialysis Patients, Langgeng Perdhana, Shofa Chasan, Yudo Murti Mupangati, Siti Nuraini
Depressive Symptoms As A Predictor Factor Of All-Cause Mortality Within Six Months In Elderly Hemodialysis Patients, Langgeng Perdhana, Shofa Chasan, Yudo Murti Mupangati, Siti Nuraini
Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia
Introduction. Depression is a mental disorder that is often found in the elderly and hemodialysis patients, resulting in bad effects on patients. There is no study on the relationship between depression and all-cause mortality risk in elderly hemodialysis patients in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the role of depression as a predictor factor of all-cause mortality within 6 months in elderly hemodialysis patients. Methods. A prospective cohort study was conducted from February to August 2020 at the hemodialysis unit of Roemani Muhammadiyah Hospital, Semarang. The inclusion criteria were elderly patients (aged ≥60 years), undergoing hemodialysis ≥3 months, hemodialysis frequency …
Depression And Behavioral Changes Associated With Social Media Dependency During Covid-19 Pandemic Among University Students In Bangladesh: A Cross- Sectional Study, Sushmita Karmokar, Md. Ashraful Islam, Mohammad Hamid Al Muktadir, Rakibul Hasan, Abu Montakim Tareq, Mohammad Nurul Amin, Talha Bin Emran
Depression And Behavioral Changes Associated With Social Media Dependency During Covid-19 Pandemic Among University Students In Bangladesh: A Cross- Sectional Study, Sushmita Karmokar, Md. Ashraful Islam, Mohammad Hamid Al Muktadir, Rakibul Hasan, Abu Montakim Tareq, Mohammad Nurul Amin, Talha Bin Emran
Makara Journal of Health Research
Background: With its rapid spread, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had a detrimental effect on students’ psychological well-being, depression, and behavioral changes due to indefinite educational leaves, lockdowns, restricted outdoor activities, and excess use of social media. This study aims to assess the relationship of social media exposure with the psychological well-being, depression, and behavioral changes of Bangladeshi university students.
Methods: A web-based cross-sectional survey was carried out on 530 students from June 17 to July 10, 2020, to evaluate psychological well-being, depression, behavioral changes, and social media exposure via self-reported measures.
Results: The prevalence of …
Cyberbullying Victimization As A Predictor Of Depressive Symptoms Among Selected Adolescents Amidst The Covid-19 Pandemic, Jeyaseelan Maria Michael, Marc Eric Reyes
Cyberbullying Victimization As A Predictor Of Depressive Symptoms Among Selected Adolescents Amidst The Covid-19 Pandemic, Jeyaseelan Maria Michael, Marc Eric Reyes
Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia
Cyberbullying victimization has become a significant mental health concern, particularly among adolescents at risk of experiencing negative consequences like depression. As the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic forced everyone to stay at home and participate in all their educational, recreational, and entertainment activities online, this study investigated the relationship between cyberbullying victimization (CV) and depressive symptoms among 612 college students in Tamilnadu, India. We hypothesized that experiences of cyberbullying victimization would predict depressive symptoms among the participants. Adolescent participants aged 18 to 19 years old from colleges in Tamilnadu completed an online survey composed of the Cybervictimization questionnaire for adolescents …
The Mental Wellbeing Of Optometry And Pharmacy Students In New Zealand During Covid-19, Philip R. K. Turnbull, Lynne Petersen, Andrew V. Collins
The Mental Wellbeing Of Optometry And Pharmacy Students In New Zealand During Covid-19, Philip R. K. Turnbull, Lynne Petersen, Andrew V. Collins
Journal of University Teaching & Learning Practice
At a time of transition into adulthood, tertiary study places additional stresses on the mental wellbeing of students. The continual assessment, long teaching hours, and expectation of professionalism that is expected from students within clinical programmes places even more burden on these students. Then in 2020, with the COVID-19 lockdown, there were significant changes to how these programs were delivered. We surveyed the mental wellbeing of our undergraduate students in the Bachelor of Optometry and Bachelor of Pharmacy programmes at the University of Auckland in 2019 and 2020. Using validated screening questionnaires, we found a high level of anxiety and …
Breaking Depression’S Silence Within The Church Through Friendships, Robert D. Mcbain
Breaking Depression’S Silence Within The Church Through Friendships, Robert D. Mcbain
Salubritas: International Journal of Spirit-Empowered Counseling
This article explores the silent nature of depression in the local church and suggests that developing Jesus-style friendships can break the silence. It adapts the author’s Doctor of Ministry (DMin) research project, which explored the silent nature of depression in the local church and Christianity’s interpretive healing qualities. This article argues that the church has a rich history of helping sufferers interpret their experiences of depression, but changing worldviews, the growth of the modern medical model, and the effectiveness of pharmaceuticals monopolized health and shoved the church to the periphery of the conversation. Silence became the church’s typical response, which …
The Covid-19 Pandemic: Role Of Coping Humor And Internal Health Locus Of Control On Social Dysfunction And Anxiety & Depression, Muhammad Arief Sumantri, Zahrani Zahrani, Hilda Rosa Ainiyah, Azmul Fuady Idham
The Covid-19 Pandemic: Role Of Coping Humor And Internal Health Locus Of Control On Social Dysfunction And Anxiety & Depression, Muhammad Arief Sumantri, Zahrani Zahrani, Hilda Rosa Ainiyah, Azmul Fuady Idham
Kesmas
The concerns about the impact of social distancing on mental health have been widely discussed. This study aimed to know the predictive effect of coping humor and Internal Health Locus of Control (Internal HLoC) on social dysfunction and anxiety & depression during the implementation of the COVID-19 social distancing agenda. This study was also intended to assess the effect of humor content on coping humor. A quantitative approach was used as the method ofthe study with 243 online-recruited participants, and a PLS-SEM analysis was applied to find out the predictive effect in this study. The results and conclusions showed that …
Differential Item Functioning Analysis On The Geriatric Depression Scale-15: An Iterative Hybrid Ordinal Logistic Regression, Elahe Allahyari
Differential Item Functioning Analysis On The Geriatric Depression Scale-15: An Iterative Hybrid Ordinal Logistic Regression, Elahe Allahyari
BioMedicine
The elderly population has extensively increased globally, so depression like a common problem in late life may convert to one of the economic, social, and health challenges of the 21st century. Due to the high cost of clinical diagnosis of depression, it is necessary to provide effective questionnaires like the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) for screening. But, the measurement invariance of GDS-15 is still unknown in the general population. In our study, 1473 participants of all Iranʼs ethnic groups were asked to answer GDS-15 and demographic factors such as human settlements, employment, disease, marital status, age, gender, homebound, financial …
Depressive Symptoms Related To Domain-Specific Physical Activity, Ola Iduma, Zachary Zenko
Depressive Symptoms Related To Domain-Specific Physical Activity, Ola Iduma, Zachary Zenko
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Physical activity is positively associated with mental health. Exercise interventions have been shown to be effective for reducing depression. However, less is known about the role of domain-specific physical activity in mental health. PURPOSE: The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine the relationship between physical activity across domains (domestic/household, transportation-related, occupational, leisure-time) and depressive symptoms. METHODS: After obtaining ethical approval, 111 adults (75 men, 35 women, 1 non-binary person; mean age: 36 ± 10 years) completed an online survey. Physical activity in each domain was assessed with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Depressive symptoms were assessed with …
A Blue Christmas? Celebrating With Those Who Are Suffering Loss, Pain And Isolation., Chris Kan
A Blue Christmas? Celebrating With Those Who Are Suffering Loss, Pain And Isolation., Chris Kan
Pastoral Liturgy
No abstract provided.
Factors Associated With Depression Anxiety And Stress In The Context Of Covid-19 Pandemic In Police Officers Of Metropolitan Lima, Peru, Katherine D. Apaza-Llantoy, Lucy E. Correa-López
Factors Associated With Depression Anxiety And Stress In The Context Of Covid-19 Pandemic In Police Officers Of Metropolitan Lima, Peru, Katherine D. Apaza-Llantoy, Lucy E. Correa-López
Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana
Objectives: To determine the factors associated with the development of depression, anxiety and stress in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in police officers in Lima, Peru. Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study conducted in 210 police officers who were administered the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) in October 2020, as well as a form, via Google Forms, to obtain sociodemographic and clinical data. A bivariate and a multivariate analysis were performed using crude and adjusted prevalence ratios, with a confidence interval >95% and a significance level of p≤0.05. Results: Depression, anxiety and stress prevalence rates were 11.43%, 10% and 7.62%, …
Breaking Down The Impact Of Resilience On Mental Health: An Analysis Utilizing The Resilience Scale For Adults, Sydney K. Cook
Breaking Down The Impact Of Resilience On Mental Health: An Analysis Utilizing The Resilience Scale For Adults, Sydney K. Cook
The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research
Resilience is the capacity to recover quickly from difficulties, and previous studies have determined that resilience has a relationship with mental health. However, the association of each aspect of resilience on mental health, depression, and adverse childhood events (ACEs) have not been closely examined. Discerning which aspects of resilience are associated with mental health issues, depression, and ACEs can help psychiatric nurses determine effective treatments and interventions for at-risk patients.
One hundred ninety-five community-dwelling participants (ages 18 to 89) were invited to Purdue University in Indiana and Scripps College in California for the study. Participants completed the Resilience Scale for …
Breaking Depression’S Silence Within The Church Through Friendships, Robert D. Mcbain
Breaking Depression’S Silence Within The Church Through Friendships, Robert D. Mcbain
Spiritus: ORU Journal of Theology
This article explores the silent nature of depression in the local church and suggests that developing Jesus-style friendships can break the silence. It adapts the author’s Doctor of Ministry (DMin) research project, which explored the silent nature of depression in the local church and Christianity’s interpretive healing qualities. This article argues that the church has a rich history of helping sufferers interpret their experiences of depression, but changing worldviews, the growth of the modern medical model, and the effectiveness of pharmaceuticals monopolized health and shoved the church to the periphery of the conversation. Silence became the church’s typical response, which …
Mental Health Crisis During The Corona Covid-19 Pandemic Among Health Workers (A Comparative Study Between Iraq And Jordan), Najlaa Wadaa, Omar Atallah Al-Adamat
Mental Health Crisis During The Corona Covid-19 Pandemic Among Health Workers (A Comparative Study Between Iraq And Jordan), Najlaa Wadaa, Omar Atallah Al-Adamat
Al-Balqa Journal for Research and Studies البلقاء للبحوث والدراسات
Given the importance of the role that mental health plays in every area of life, such as: education, health, economics, politics, and even wars, and due to the fact that the pandemic forced a quarantine on most parts of the world, the current study tries to identify mental health in two countries; Iraq and Jordan. The study also aims at comparing and contrasting a few mental health facts in the two countries; such as the difference in the number of cases of infection in both countries. To achieve this, the mental health scale (McHorney et al., 1992) was used after …
Type D Personality, And The Levels Of Anxiety And Depression In A Sample Of Cardiac Patients In Comparison To Their Non-Patient Counterparts, Fatma Faris Najjar, Wisam Breik
Type D Personality, And The Levels Of Anxiety And Depression In A Sample Of Cardiac Patients In Comparison To Their Non-Patient Counterparts, Fatma Faris Najjar, Wisam Breik
Al-Balqa Journal for Research and Studies البلقاء للبحوث والدراسات
The present study aims at exploring the prevalence of type D personality (distressed personality) and the levels of anxiety (trait) and depression in a sample of cardiac patients in comparison to their non-patient counterparts in Jordan. To achieve the objectives of the study, an adapted form of type D personality scale-DS14, Trait Anxiety Scale and Beck Inventory were utilized. The study sample consisted of 309 individuals; 306 of which cardiac patients (73 males and 83 females) whose illness is not due to congenital causes and 153 non-patients (83 males and 70 females) as a comparative group, who were chosen from …
Neuropsychological Symptoms Related To The Covid-19 Pandemic Experienced By The General Population And Particularly By The Healthcare Personnel, Alina Zorina Stroe, Alexandru Floris Stuparu, Silviu Docu Axelerad, Daniel Docu Axelerad, Aurelia Moraru
Neuropsychological Symptoms Related To The Covid-19 Pandemic Experienced By The General Population And Particularly By The Healthcare Personnel, Alina Zorina Stroe, Alexandru Floris Stuparu, Silviu Docu Axelerad, Daniel Docu Axelerad, Aurelia Moraru
Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences
Undoubtedly, the outbreak of COVID-19 still represents an overanxious event for both society and population. The fear of getting infected is ubiquitous in the time of the pandemic. The population presented worrying thoughts related to the fact that the health care system was not able to provide enough services during the COVID-19 pandemic. The number of the hospital beds and ventilators was insufficient in order to ensure enough care, considering the increased number of COVID-19 cases that were admitted to the hospitals. Furthermore, people were fearful about the possibility of the global economy becoming decimated. The fright and also the …
Anxiety And Depression In Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis, Nuntagan Chumpupan, Rasmon Kalayasiri
Anxiety And Depression In Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis, Nuntagan Chumpupan, Rasmon Kalayasiri
Chulalongkorn Medical Journal
Background: Anxiety and depression is currently a leading health problem worldwide. The etiology of anxiety and depression involves multiple factors and the literature indicated that patients with osteoarthritis of the knee are likely to experience anxiety and depression. Objective: To study the prevalence of anxiety and depression and associated factors in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Methods: A total of 343 participants receiving treatment at the out-patient department (OPD) of Bang Bua Thong Hospital were recruited in line with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The following four evaluation forms were used: 1) the demographic data questionnaire; 2) the Thai version of …
Effects Of Covid-19-Related Racial Discrimination On Depression And Life Satisfaction Among Young, Middle, And Older Chinese Americans, Satcey Diane Arañez Litam, Seungbin Oh
Effects Of Covid-19-Related Racial Discrimination On Depression And Life Satisfaction Among Young, Middle, And Older Chinese Americans, Satcey Diane Arañez Litam, Seungbin Oh
Adultspan Journal
No abstract provided.
Depression In Heart Failure: Psychosomatic Approachv, Rudi Putranto, Hamzah Shatri, Ika Prasetya Wijaya, Edward Faisal
Depression In Heart Failure: Psychosomatic Approachv, Rudi Putranto, Hamzah Shatri, Ika Prasetya Wijaya, Edward Faisal
Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia
Depression is a common condition in heart failure (HF) and is considered a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Depression disorder in patients with heart disease paradigmatically defines a psychosomatic-somatopsychic challenge to any health delivery. However, despite the devastating effects of depression, it is often underdiagnosed and receives little attention in heart failure patients. This review provides an extensive overview of HF regarding epidemiology, disease pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management from the latest literature. Based on the literature review, the prevalence of depression in heart failure in Indonesian patients was 5.3-42%. Psychological stress experienced by people suffering from depression can cause dysregulation …
Can The Visits Of Dogs (Canis Lupus Familiaris) Influence The Mental Health (Anxiety And Depression) Of Male Aging Patients Institutionalized With Dementia In Health Care Units? A Pilot Study Of Madeira Island, Portugal, S. Vasconcelos, J. Azevedo, C. Casanova, H. Jardim, D. Neto, S. Jardim, C. Viegas
Can The Visits Of Dogs (Canis Lupus Familiaris) Influence The Mental Health (Anxiety And Depression) Of Male Aging Patients Institutionalized With Dementia In Health Care Units? A Pilot Study Of Madeira Island, Portugal, S. Vasconcelos, J. Azevedo, C. Casanova, H. Jardim, D. Neto, S. Jardim, C. Viegas
People and Animals: The International Journal of Research and Practice
Despite the fact that in the last decades, several mental health studies have shown that companion animals contribute to psychological and social well- being in humans (e.g., positive impacts have been observed in the elderly medicated for chronic diseases such as anxiety, dementia, and depression), bonds between humans and other animals continue to be under-estimated. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of an animal’s visits (twice a week, N = 30) in depression and anxiety levels of an institutionalized male population diagnosed with dementia. While some of these patients are being partially medicated with antidepressants and/or …
The Multicultural Distress, Depression, Anxiety, And Stress Levels Of Black Undergraduate Students As Compared To Asian, Latinx, And White Undergraduate Students, Franklin Dickerson Turner
The Multicultural Distress, Depression, Anxiety, And Stress Levels Of Black Undergraduate Students As Compared To Asian, Latinx, And White Undergraduate Students, Franklin Dickerson Turner
Journal of Research Initiatives
College students who experienced poor academic performance, depression, and anxiety reported having higher levels of stress than those students who were more successful academically (Andrews & Wilding, 2004; Bennett, 2003). It is also known that marginalized students have a higher tendency to experience stress. This study took a systematic look at levels of Multicultural distress, stress, depression, and anxiety as reported by Asian, Black, Latin, and White students at a major urban university. The findings indicated no significant differences in the general stress, depression, and anxiety levels based on a students’ race. However, Asian, Black, and Latin students had a …
Effect Of Covid-19 On Student-Athlete's Mental Health, Killian Lott, Erika Smith-Goodwin, Jennifer Walker
Effect Of Covid-19 On Student-Athlete's Mental Health, Killian Lott, Erika Smith-Goodwin, Jennifer Walker
Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association
Please enjoy Volume 7, Issue 1 of the JSMAHS. In this issue, you will find Professional, Graduate, and Undergraduate research abstracts, and case reports.
Thank you for viewing this 7th Annual OATA Special Edition.
Loneliness And Health Outcomes Among Malaysian Older Adults, Siti Zuhaida Hussein, Azera Hasra Ismail, Suraya Hanim Abu Bakar
Loneliness And Health Outcomes Among Malaysian Older Adults, Siti Zuhaida Hussein, Azera Hasra Ismail, Suraya Hanim Abu Bakar
Makara Journal of Health Research
Background: Loneliness is a major social problem among the elderly all over the world.
Methods: A community-based survey was conducted among 380 community-dwelling older adults residing in Malaysia. A proportional stratified random sampling method was used to examine the relationship between health factors and loneliness. Data were collected using the short-form Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults, Geriatric Depression Scale-15, and RAND SF-20. p < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant, and data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Statistics 26.0 for Windows.
Results: Results revealed that 32.6% of the respondents had social loneliness, 39.9% had emotional loneliness, and 9.2% had family loneliness. Bivariate analyses showed that social and emotional loneliness are significantly related to …
Prevalence And Associated Factors Of Anxiety And Depression Among Advanced Maternal Age Pregnancy, Kotchakorn Jeeratunyasakul, Chutima Roomruangwong
Prevalence And Associated Factors Of Anxiety And Depression Among Advanced Maternal Age Pregnancy, Kotchakorn Jeeratunyasakul, Chutima Roomruangwong
Chulalongkorn Medical Journal
Background: Advanced maternal age is associated with increased rate of various obstetrics risks. Nowadays, there is increasing prevalence of advanced maternal age in Thailand. However, there is still lack of study in anxiety and depression among this group of pregnant women. Objectives: To examine the prevalence of anxiety and depression as well as associated factors among women with advanced maternal age pregnancy Methods: We recruited 124 pregnant women age 35 years old who were in their third trimester (gestational age 28 weeks) of pregnancy. The subjects were asked to rate: The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI Form Y) - …
What Internal Variables Affect Sensorimotor Rhythm Brain-Computer Interface (Smr-Bci) Performance?, Alex J. Horowitz, Christoph Guger, Milena Korostenskaja
What Internal Variables Affect Sensorimotor Rhythm Brain-Computer Interface (Smr-Bci) Performance?, Alex J. Horowitz, Christoph Guger, Milena Korostenskaja
HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine
In this review article, we aimed to create a summary of the effects of internal variables on the performance of sensorimotor rhythm-based brain computer interfaces (SMR-BCIs). SMR-BCIs can be potentially used for interfacing between the brain and devices, bypassing usual central nervous system output, such as muscle activity. The careful consideration of internal factors, affecting SMR-BCI performance, can maximize BCI application in both healthy and disabled people. Internal variables may be generalized as descriptors of the processes mainly dependent on the BCI user and/or originating within the user. The current review aimed to critically evaluate and summarize the currently accumulated …
Prevalence Of Anxiety And Depression In Dizzy Patients Using Arabic Hospital Anxiety And Depression Scale, Asmaa S. Moaty, Hossam S. Talaat, Mariam G. Mehrez
Prevalence Of Anxiety And Depression In Dizzy Patients Using Arabic Hospital Anxiety And Depression Scale, Asmaa S. Moaty, Hossam S. Talaat, Mariam G. Mehrez
Menoufia Medical Journal
Objectives To develop an Arabic version of the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) to detect and measure anxiety and depression prevalence in dizzy patients. Background Dizziness is a common complaint that has many causes and may be related to psychiatric disorders like anxiety and depression. Early detection of anxiety and depression in dizzy patients helps in proper management and a better outcome. The HADS is a valid screening tool, and having an Arabic version will be of great help. Patients and methods The original English HADS was translated following the cross-cultural adaptation guidelines into Arabic. The final Arabic version …
Coping With Medical School: An Interpretive Phenomenological Study, Sebastian C K Shaw, John L. Anderson
Coping With Medical School: An Interpretive Phenomenological Study, Sebastian C K Shaw, John L. Anderson
The Qualitative Report
Anecdotal evidence suggested that hopelessness and helplessness (HH) were often reported by undergraduate medical students. It is known that medical students are more susceptible to high levels of stress and depression than other student groups. There is currently concern about suicide rates in students and high drop-out rates in junior doctors. But what can be said of HH within this population? This study was aimed at eliciting medical students’ experiences of HH. An interpretive phenomenological approach was adopted. Participants were recruited from a single medical school. Loosely structured, audio-recorded interviews were carried out. Recordings were then transcribed verbatim, then underwent …
Depression And Socioeconomic Status In West Virginians, Brittany N. Phillips, Amy Alvarez
Depression And Socioeconomic Status In West Virginians, Brittany N. Phillips, Amy Alvarez
Mountaineer Undergraduate Research Review
Abstract
The researchers conducted this study in order to determine the relationship between depression and the different socioeconomic statuses in West Virginians. A survey was posted to various social media accounts as well as a classroom forum and data was collected from thirty three individuals who had a permanent residence in West Virginia. A variation of the Depression Test gathered from Mental Health America was used in the study with added questions regarding socioeconomic status as well as descriptive questions, both of which were summed individually and the data was compared using SPSS. Researchers hypothesized that higher depression rates would …
Association Between Stroke Health Literacy And Insurance With Stroke Severity And Post-Stroke Depression, Callista Clairmont, Amelia Adcock, Lea Colantonio
Association Between Stroke Health Literacy And Insurance With Stroke Severity And Post-Stroke Depression, Callista Clairmont, Amelia Adcock, Lea Colantonio
Mountaineer Undergraduate Research Review
Health literacy and insurance are important aspects of healthcare, yet few studies assess the roles that each play in relation to strokes. The purpose of this study is to better understand the relationship that stroke health literacy and insurance coverage have on the development of post-stroke outcomes such as post-stroke depression and stroke severity. In this study, 47 patients receiving inpatient care for acute ischemic stroke were given a modified version of the Stroke Knowledge Test in order to assess their understanding of strokes. Stroke severity and depression levels were also measured using the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale …
Incorporating Religion Into Therapy To Better Treat Depression, Jacob Tubbs
Incorporating Religion Into Therapy To Better Treat Depression, Jacob Tubbs
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
Depression is one of the most prevalent mental disorders. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a common treatment option for depression. Often, CBT is only effective at masking the symptoms of depression without helping the person overcome depression altogether; thus, it may benefit CBT patients if alternative therapies are combined with CBT. Incorporating the patient’s religion into therapy is an alternative that may help many people. A large percentage of Americans are still religious or spiritual. This literature review discusses methods of building a personalized version of CBT that incorporates the patient’s religion, or religiously integrated CBT (RCBT), and the effects …