Digital Commons Network^™

Comparing The Mortality Trends Of Covid - 19 Comorbidities And Recommendations For The Population At Risk, Ogechukwu Igbokwe

Public Health Theses

AIM: The aim of this research is to assess the impact of COVID-19 on mortality rates among people in the United States with comorbid diabetes or cardiovascular disease (CVD)

METHODS: We utilized mortality data published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for the years 2018–2021. Annual mortality rates were reported, including all-cause mortality, and mortality rates with COVID-19, diabetes and cardiovascular disease listed as a primary or underlying cause of death.

RESULT: Compared to 2018, there was a substantial increase in all-cause mortality across 2019, 2020 and 2021 respectively (0.9%, 18.4% and 20.3%). At the same time, we …

Prevalence, Awareness And Control Of Hypertension And Diabetes Among Hiv Positive And Negative Patients At The Military Hospital Of Douala, Cameroon, Duane Killian Madziva

Public Health Theses

Background: With anti-retroviral therapy (ART) prolonging the survival of people of living with HIV/ AIDS, other chronic co-morbidities such as hypertension, and diabetes are becoming an increasing problem. Studies on hypertension and diabetes in Sub-Saharan Africa are still limited, even with the growing concern of Africa’s dual burden of chronic and infectious diseases. As such, we aimed to determine the prevalence, awareness and control of hypertension and diabetes among people living with and without HIV/ AIDS in Cameroon. Methods: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted at the Military Hospital of Douala, Cameroon. Participants aged 21 – 65 years were …

Functional, Motivational And Emotional Support: A Qualitative Study Of Social Influences On Diabetes Management Among Low-Income Adults, Emily Helen Miron

Public Health Theses

Objective To understand how low-income adults living with type 2 diabetes conceptualize and utilize social support in their diabetes management.

Methods The data for this paper came from a larger qualitative study, conducted by the advisor and last author, exploring the intersection of housing access and diabetes management among 40 low-income adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes in New Haven, Connecticut. This qualitative study utilized 58 of the previously collected semi-structured interviews (some participants were interviewed more than once). Excerpts from two broad parent codes from the original study were analyzed using a flexible and iterative coding process.

Results Participants …

Insulin Dynamic Measures And Weight Change, Noreen Kloc, Noreen G. Kloc

Public Health Theses

ABSTRACT

Insulin Dynamic Measures and Weight Change

By

Noreen Kloc

B.S. Computer Information Technology, Purdue University

December 7, 2015

INTRODUCTION: Weight gain and obesity are risk factors for insulin resistance that can lead to type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease; however, there is a complicated interplay between insulin sensitivity (SI), fasting insulin, acute insulin response (AIR), and disposition index (DI) and the relationship of these dynamic measures with weight change is not well understood.

AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between insulin dynamic measures, SI, fasting insulin, AIR, and DI, with weight change during a …

A Proposed Evaluation Plan For Kaiser Permanente’S Diabetes Disease Management Program, Kathryn Wiedeman

Public Health Theses

DM is a serious and complex public health problem in the U.S. The CDC (2013) estimated that 25.8 million people, or 8.3% of the U.S. population, were suffering from DM in 2011. DM can significantly affect patient’s quality of life. Additionally, DM places a significant economic burden on the U.S. healthcare system.

Over the past two decades, DMPs have emerged as a promising intervention to improve health outcomes for patients suffering from chronic conditions, such as DM, and to bend the cost curve. DMP’s aim is to improve communication and follow-up so that patients can better manage their chronic condition(s) …

Chronic Disease Control: Factors Associated With Adherence To Physicians' Recommendations, Jeremy Chartash

Public Health Theses

Background: Recently across the United States, chronic diseases have been becoming more prevalent and compliance rates to recommendations have been declining. Non-adherence to health professionals recommendations creates a greater risk of complications for the patient.

Objective: The objective of this study is to discover which populations have the highest prevalence of chronic disease and compare adherence to physicians’ recommendations throughout those populations. If a physician tells a patient to complete a certain behavioral change to improve health, a physician would assume that the adherence level should be nearly 100%, but it is clear adherence levels do not reach those levels. …

Elevated Bmi-Associated Characteristics Of Patients With Invasive Mrsa Infection In The Atlanta, Georgia Metro Area, 2005-2008, Lauren R. Lorentzson

Public Health Theses

INTRODUCTION: National obesity rates are leading to higher rates of Type 2 Diabetes, increasing the number of people at risk of invasive infections with Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (iMRSA) upon onset of ESRD and hemodialysis. However, an association between adiposity and risk of iMRSA has not been researched. AIM: The purpose of this study is to describe the epidemiological characteristics of an iMRSA cohort in the Atlanta metro area between 2005-2008; to examine BMI-related health outcomes within the cohort; and to compare proportions of BMI categories in this cohort to BRFSS data. METHODS: Surveillance data collected by the CDC EIP …

A Spatial And Health Burden Analysis Of Census Tract 85: Implications For Prevention And Intervention, Allison C. Edwards

Public Health Theses

New regulations requiring not-for-profit hospitals to provide documented evidence of charitable care and community benefits provide a unique opportunity for strategic and targeted investment within the given community of the hospital. And with a growing number of uninsured and underserved in the US, the need for tactical community benefits is increasing exponentially. The purpose of this capstone is to pool together the relevant resources and data necessary to guide and inform the decision making process involved in creating prevention and intervention programs tailored specifically to census tract 85. Utilizing several different forms of demographic and health data including Census, Online …

Evaluation Of Diabetes Education For Latinos Living In A Metropolitan Area, Anna Rockett Potter

Public Health Theses

Diabetes is a worldwide epidemic, especially as the prevalence of Type 2 diabetes has increased in recent years. Minorities are disproportionately affected by the disease and, at the same time, often have less access to resources including medication and education. The Emory Latino Diabetes Education Program (ELDEP) is a culturally component diabetes education program aimed at promoting increased knowledge about diabetes disease management within the Latino population of metropolitan Atlanta. The program considers cultural competence and acculturation theory in its learning structure. The purpose of this study was to evaluate ELDEP’s effectiveness in increasing knowledge of diabetes, healthy behaviors, and …

Index Of Central Obesity As A Parameter To Evaluate Metabolic Syndrome For White, Black, And Hispanic Adults In The United States, Rebecca Lynn Griesemer

Public Health Theses

Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of disorders including central obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia. Today's metabolic syndrome definitions identify central obesity by waist circumference (WC) measurements. A recent pilot study suggests that cut-points derived from a waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), or Index of Central Obesity (ICO), is a more accurate measurement of central obesity. This study compared the association between the metabolic syndrome components and central obese parameters (ICO and WC) among the white, black, and Hispanic adults in the United States. The subjects' data was obtained from the 2005-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. ICO was highly correlated with …