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First-Generation And Continuing-Generation College Graduates' Application, Acceptance, And Matriculation To U.S. Medical Schools: A National Cohort Study, Hyacinth R C Mason, Ashar Ata, Mytien Nguyen, Sunny Nakae, Devasmita Chakraverty, Branden Eggan, Sarah Martinez, Donna B Jeffe

Open Access Publications

Many U.S. medical schools conduct holistic review of applicants to enhance the socioeconomic and experiential diversity of the physician workforce. The authors examined the role of first-generation college-graduate status on U.S. medical school application, acceptance, and matriculation, hypothesizing that first-generation (vs. continuing-generation) college graduates would be less likely to apply and gain acceptance to medical school.Secondary analysis of de-identified data from a retrospective national-cohort study was conducted for individuals who completed the 2001-2006 Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) Pre-Medical College Admission Test Questionnaire (PMQ) and the Medical College Admissions Test (MCAT). AAMC provided medical school application, acceptance, and matriculation …

Development And Structure Of An Accurate Machine Learning Algorithm To Predict Inpatient Mortality And Hospice Outcomes In The Coronavirus Disease 2019 Era, Stephen Chi, Aixia Guo, Kevin Heard, Seunghwan Kim, Randi Foraker, Patrick White, Nathan Moore

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has challenged the accuracy and racial biases present in traditional mortality scores. An accurate prognostic model that can be applied to hospitalized patients irrespective of race or COVID-19 status may benefit patient care.

RESEARCH DESIGN: This cohort study utilized historical and ongoing electronic health record features to develop and validate a deep-learning model applied on the second day of admission predicting a composite outcome of in-hospital mortality, discharge to hospice, or death within 30 days of admission. Model features included patient demographics, diagnoses, procedures, inpatient medications, laboratory values, vital signs, and substance use …

Association Of A Perioperative Multicomponent Fall Prevention Intervention With Falls And Quality Of Life After Elective Inpatient Surgical Procedures, Bradley A. Fritz, Christopher R. King, Divya Mehta, Emily Somerville, Alex Kronzer, Arbi Ben Abdallah, Troy Wildes, Michael S. Avidan, Eric J. Lenze, Susan Stark

Open Access Publications

Importance: Falls after elective inpatient surgical procedures are common and have physical, emotional, and financial consequences. Close interactions between patients and health care teams before and after surgical procedures may offer opportunities to address modifiable risk factors associated with falls.

Objective: To assess whether a multicomponent intervention that incorporates education, home medication review, and home safety assessment is associated with reductions in the incidence of falls after elective inpatient surgical procedures.

Design, Setting, and Participants: This prospective propensity score-matched cohort study was a prespecified secondary analysis of data from the Electroencephalography Guidance of Anesthesia to Alleviate Geriatric Syndromes (ENGAGES) randomized …

Assessment Of A Plasma Amyloid Probability Score To Estimate Amyloid Positron Emission Tomography Findings Among Adults With Cognitive Impairment, Yan Hu, Barry A. Siegel, David M. Holtzman, Et Al

Open Access Publications

Importance: The diagnostic evaluation for Alzheimer disease may be improved by a blood-based diagnostic test identifying presence of brain amyloid plaque pathology.

Objective: To determine the clinical performance associated with a diagnostic algorithm incorporating plasma amyloid-β (Aβ) 42:40 ratio, patient age, and apoE proteotype to identify brain amyloid status.

Design, Setting, and Participants: This cohort study includes analysis from 2 independent cross-sectional cohort studies: the discovery cohort of the Plasma Test for Amyloidosis Risk Screening (PARIS) study, a prospective add-on to the Imaging Dementia-Evidence for Amyloid Scanning study, including 249 patients from 2018 to 2019, and MissionAD, a dataset of …