Digital Commons Network^™

A Longitudinal Study On The Impact Of Childhood Air Pollution Exposure On Adolescent Cognition, Emily K. Carter

Open Access Dissertations

About 2 in 5 Americans live in areas with unhealthy levels of air pollution. Poor air quality has been shown to lead to a diverse set of negative health that can affect the cardiovascular system and have downstream effects on brain structure and cognition. The detrimental impacts of air pollution on cognition have been widely studied, though due to methodological limitations in the available research, a direct association between air pollution exposure and cognitive development remains inconclusive and unclear. Further, studies in this area have largely focused on prenatal exposure and neurocognitive impacts during early childhood; the potential longer-term effects …

The Speculative Mode Of The Image: Destabilizing Reality In Crash, Invisible Man, And Beloved, Steven Connors

Open Access Dissertations

In an exploration of the dimensions of speculative fiction, which is a prominent cultural and academic apparatus wanting definition in the twenty-first century, this dissertation examines the speculative mode of the image in various transatlantic novels, ranging from J. G. Ballard’s Crash to Ralph Ellison’s Invisible Man to Toni Morrison’s Beloved. The image in itself is a multivalent term that warrants analysis. As a concept, the abstract nature of the image serves to destabilize reality. It is always in conversation with the notions of reality. Indeed, images inform our senses of reality. In part, they constitute our social forms. …

An Experimental Investigation On The Influence Of Emotion On Craving And Alcohol Consumption Among Women, Melissa C. Rothstein

Open Access Dissertations

A burgeoning literature suggests that alcohol use, rates of binge drinking, rates of alcohol use disorder, and experiences of alcohol-related consequences are increasing among women in comparison to men (Adams et al., 2022; Baraona et al., 1991; Peltier et al., 2019; White, 2020). As such, alcohol use among women is a growing public health concern, but historically, most existing research, including interventions, has focused on men (Agabio et al., 2017; Holzhauer et al., 2020; Maxwell et al., 2022; Verplaetse et al., 2021; White, 2020). Although there is a large literature on the role of negative emotion in alcohol use (Austin …

Measurement Invariance Of Transtheoretical Model-Based Measures For Covid-19 Vaccination Readiness, Allegra Opiela

Open Access Dissertations

Purpose. To assess the measurement invariance of four novel Transtheoretical Model (TTM)-based measures for readiness to get vaccinated for COVID-19. Design. Cross-sectional.

Setting. Online survey study in the United States (US).

Participants. 1169 US-based adults aged 18-85.

Measures. Demographics, Stage of Change, Vaccination History, Decisional Balance, Self-efficacy, Myths, and Barriers to COVID-19 vaccination.

Analyses. Multigroup confirmatory factor analyses with increased restraints on model parameters to assess configural (no constraints), metric (factor loadings constrained), and scalar invariance (factor loadings and item intercepts constrained) in a sequential manner.

Results. Decisional Balance, Myths, and Barriers demonstrated scalar …

Estimating The Average Treatment Effect In Randomized Controlled Trials With Incomplete Covariates, Elizabeth M. Pauley

Open Access Dissertations

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are commonly used to estimate average treatment effects (ATEs), with baseline covariates often included to improve precision and statistical power for detecting those effects. In applied settings, covariates can be incomplete, and some may moderate treatment effects, leading to heterogeneous treatment effects (HTE). Literature lacks clear direction regarding whether incomplete covariates should be included when estimating the ATE and how different missing data handling methods perform in such conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of four missing data handling methods in RCTs via Monte Carlo simulations, namely listwise deletion (LD), inverse probability weighting (IPW), …

Points Of Interest: Implementing Simulation-Based Storm Hazard Consequence Prediction, Samuel W. Adams

Open Access Dissertations

During major ocean storms (hurricanes, tropical storms, nor’easters), coastal communities often experience negative outcomes that local emergency managers (EMs) did not anticipate or sufficiently prepare for. Local EMs often have difficulty obtaining specific, local forecast data and consequence predictions they can act on to prevent losses and minimize avoidable consequences. Despite tremendous advances in forecasting science, uncertainty remains a constant in storm decision making, requiring local EMs to make critical response choices under pressure of limited time and incomplete information. Rising sea levels, more frequent and intense storm events, growing coastal populations, and increasing societal dependence on complex infrastructure are …

The Actor, The Character, And The Audience: The Impact Of Racial Alignment On Theater Audiences, Conwell Worthington Iii

Open Access Dissertations

Broadway represents the pinnacle of live theater in the USA, generating billions of dollars in revenue and serving as an international cultural icon. Despite Broadway’s prominence, it faces challenges stemming from its reliance on a relatively homogeneous audience base and a changing market. One determinant of both financial and critical success is casting. Casting also significantly impacts audience perceptions and acceptance. The recent success of Hamilton: An American Musical and Six: The Musical juxtaposed with the failure of 1776 have sparked discussion and interest into how to best utilize non-traditional casting as a strategy to broaden Broadway Audiences. This dissertation …

Protective Behavioral Strategies On Alcohol And Cannabis Co-Use Occasions, Sabrina Todaro

Open Access Dissertations

Simultaneous use of alcohol and cannabis, or co-use (i.e., the use of both substances so that effects overlap), is an increasingly significant public health concern among young adults between the ages of 18 and 25 in the U.S. (SAMHSA 2025; Terry-McElrath & Patrick, 2018). Protective behavioral strategies (PBS; i.e., tactics used to modify or limit substance use related harm; Pearson, 2013) have been robustly linked to fewer negative outcomes (e.g., lower use quantity, frequency, and consequences) for alcohol- and cannabis-only occasions (Bravo et al., 2016; Bravo et al., 2017; Bravo et al., 2019; Pearson, 2013; Pedersen et al., 2016; Pedersen …

Attract Or Repel: Ceo Activism & Gen Z Pursuits, William Thomas Garrett

Open Access Dissertations

This study examines the effect of CEO sociopolitical activism on Gen Z job seekers by conceptualizing the former as an identity-implicating experience that poses either an identity opportunity or identity threat. As part of a 3 x 3 experimental study, participants reviewed comments about a proposed transgender bathroom bill made by the CEO of a fictional potential employer. The experiment introduced features of organizational policies governing internal discussions of political and social issues in the workplace and measured the ability of the policies to influence the potential applicant’s perception of an opportunity or threat. Results examined the relationship between the …

Change Is People: How Faculty, Staff, And Administrators Engage With And Shape A Substantive Organizational Change Process, Karen Bellnier

Open Access Dissertations

Creating substantive organizational change (SOC) in higher education can face numerous challenges including navigating complex sets of rules and relationships, negotiating potentially conflicting perspectives, and balancing the motivations and goals of peers (Engeström, 2018b; Kezar, 2018). Each SOC change agent brings a unique perspective, identity and motivation (Eteläpelto et al., 2013; Gess-Newsome et al., 2003) to their conception of and relationship to the planned change (Hay et al., 2021; Weick, 1995). This dynamic nature makes SOC difficult to conceptualize as a whole - either as a researcher or a change agent - and therefore difficult to understand how change processes …

College Health Provider Experiences With Inclusive And Affirming Care Of Sexual And Gender Minorities, Somatra Lynn Connolly

Open Access Dissertations

Increasing numbers of individuals in the U.S. are identifying as sexual and gender minorities (SGM). Approximately 17-21% of U.S. college students identify as SGM, comprising a sizable portion of minoritized groups on college campuses. College students who identify as SGM are at significant risk for physical and mental health issues, experiences of victimization, and poorer health outcomes. It is essential that colleges and universities ensure their campuses are meeting the needs of their entire student body, including SGM students. This study aims to: (1) obtain an in-depth understanding of college healthcare provider (HCP) experiences and their perceptions with inclusive and …

Substance Use In Justice-Involved Youth: The Roles Of Adhd And Cd, Avery Beatty

Open Access Dissertations

The present study aimed to investigate the relationships between ADHD, CD, and comorbid ADHD and CD on cigarette, cannabis, and alcohol use among justice-involved youth (JIY). Data for the present study were derived from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) that compared the effectiveness of various interventions in reducing cigarette use among youth at a state juvenile correctional facility in the Northeastern United States. The total sample (N = 302) comprised incarcerated and detained youth (n = 243) who ranged in age from 13 to 19 years (M = 16.01, SD = 1.01). Additionally, the present finding revealed that the total …

Consumer And Environmental Preferences: Discrete Choice Experiments And Machine Learning Applications In Ev Battery Adoption And Aquatic Invasive Species Management, Lufan Helen Liu

Open Access Dissertations

As climate change and resource scarcity drive a global shift toward cleaner energy systems and environmental conservation, understanding how individuals value sustainability-related interventions has become increasingly important. This dissertation contributes to this growing body of knowledge by applying and advancing discrete choice experiment (DCE) methodology to assess consumer and public preferences for two key environmental policy domains: (1) repurposed electric vehicle (EV) batteries for residential energy storage and (2) aquatic invasive species (AIS) management in New York State. Across all three chapters, the study examines how traditional econometric models and emerging machine learning (ML) methods can complement each other in …

Will I Go To My Appointment? Case Management And Environmental Drivers Of Missed Transportation In Medicaid, Mark Donald Kraics

Open Access Dissertations

This dissertation examines the behavioral, clinical, and operational drivers of chronic missed appointments within Medicaid non-emergency medical transportation (NEMT) systems. Chronic member no-shows undermine care adherence and introduce operational inefficiencies across Medicaid delivery systems. This two-phased quantitative retrospective cohort study used statewide Rhode Island Medicaid data from 2020 to 2024 to evaluate whether environmental factors (e.g., weather, daylight) influence member missed trips and whether targeted managed care case management interventions reduce no-show rates among high-acuity Medicaid beneficiaries.

Phase I employed a correlational design to assess relationships between monthly environmental conditions and appointment adherence by clinical condition. Results showed no significant …

The Predictive Validity Of Implicit, Explicit, And Subtle Racism Measures On Nonverbal Behavior And Explicit Evaluations Of Black And White Women Interviewers, Adele E. Weaver

Open Access Dissertations

Statement of the Problem: A long-standing history of the oppression of Black Americans has resulted in racism manifesting through White individuals’ nonverbal behavior in interracial interactions’ specifically by way of unfriendly behavioral cues, or on the other end of the spectrum, overly positive and patronizing nonverbal behavior. Regardless of the underlying sentiment, White people’s nonverbal behavior in interracial interactions affect Black people’s mental and physical health and longevity. However, there is a dearth of research on how well-established measures of implicit and explicit racism predict racist nonverbal behavior, and even more so for subtle self-report measures. Methodology: To this …

Analysis Of Early Interventions To Retain Underrepresented Students In Computer Science, Michael Conti

Open Access Dissertations

Computer science, like many STEM disciplines, faces persistent challenges in recruiting and retaining women and individuals from racially and ethnically minoritized backgrounds. This study examines whether targeted interventions can produce sustained improvements in academic performance and sense of belonging among these underrepresented groups. By analyzing longitudinal data, this research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of these interventions in promoting equity and persistence in computer science education.

Using An Ecological And Cultural Lens To Examine The 1st Year Persistence And Science Identity Development Of At-Risk Biology Students Experiencing Multiple Equity-Minded High Impact Practices, Aura Fajardo Grandidge

Open Access Dissertations

In this study, I used an ecological and a cultural perspective to examine the first-year experiences of two cohorts of biology students exposed to multiple equity-minded High Impact Practices (HIPs) designed to promote their persistence and science identity development.

In chapter 1, I applied Graham et al.’s Persistence Framework (2013) and Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory (1977) to investigate the bridges and barriers to persistence that biology students face while experiencing either an equity minded learning community, a first-year seminar, a course-based research experience, and/or an active learning introductory biology course. Using a mixed methods approach that focused on phenomenology, I …

The Relationship Between Mental Health Disclosures, Employee Sentiments And Turnover Intention In The Workplace, Steve G. Winkel

Open Access Dissertations

Purpose. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between employees’ disclosure of mental health conditions in the workplace and these employees’ sentiments, feelings, and associated outcomes. Utilizing constructs of job satisfaction, affective commitment, normative commitment, motivation, and turnover intentions, the research aims to understand quantifiable differences in the employment experience between employees who disclose and do not disclose (non-disclosure) mental health conditions, as well as the mediating roles of human resources management (HRM), supervisors support, and employee authenticity. Through self-reported data detailing employees’ disclosure experiences, the research also aims to understand the disclosure conversation's specific impact …

Project Manager Risk Response Via The Schedule Duration Mechanism In New Product Development, James S. Bryant

Open Access Dissertations

This experimental study investigated the relationship between project risk level and forecasted project schedule duration. Grounded within a systematic literature review, the research is motivated by the continuing high failure rate for new product development (NPD) projects to meet their time objectives. U.S.-based project managers (PMs) were given a project network diagram, assigned to one of four experimental groups (each group also receiving varying information regarding project risks), and asked to forecast the most likely schedule duration from start to finish. The data suggest that there is no correlation between the level of project risk and the forecasted duration and …

More Than Just Food And Money: An Exploration Of College Students’ Challenges With Food Access And Insecurity, Orianna Duncan Carvalho

Open Access Dissertations

There has long been a popular prototypical image of the starving college student surviving on cheap ramen noodle meals, but research suggests there is more to this than meets the eye. Food insecurity, the condition in which individuals are unable to secure enough food to support a healthy lifestyle, has been investigated and reported with increasing frequency on college campuses, including the university at which the present study is conducted. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to delve further into college student food insecurity to gain a better understanding of how students experience and perceive it. To achieve …

“Swap What No Longer Serves”: An Exploration Of Zero Waste Fashion Communities Online And Irl, Rosemary Leger

Open Access Dissertations

As sustainability concerns grow within the fashion industry, consumer-based communities play a critical role in shaping more responsible consumption practices. This dissertation explores how individuals engage with zero-waste fashion both online and in physical practice, offering a deeper understanding of their motivations, behaviors, and visions for a more sustainable fashion future.

Through a two-study approach, this research investigates the communication and knowledge-sharing practices within digital zero-waste fashion communities and explores the experiences of individuals participating in offline zero-waste initiatives. Study 1 employs netnography to analyze online zero-waste fashion discourse, identifying how consumers exchange knowledge and promote sustainable practices in digital …

Entrepreneurial Selling And Business Success In Brazil, Renato Fernandes

Open Access Dissertations

This study aimed to deepen the understanding of the relationship between Entrepreneurial Selling and business success in Brazil through two different studies about the antecedents and consequences of Entrepreneurial Selling.

Using grounded theory and an exploratory-confirmatory mixed methods design, this dissertation demonstrates that Entrepreneurial Selling is crucial for business success. The database was sufficiently diverse for an in-depth analysis of the entrepreneurial Brazilian context: 777 entrepreneurs participated in the studies, ranging from first-time founders and serial entrepreneurs, leading B2B, B2C, and B2B2C companies from 31 segments, from startups struggling to make their first million to established companies already earning more …

Intersections Of Inattention: A Qualitative Inquiry Into The Experiences Of Multiply Marginalized Students In Community College Settings, Jana N. Knibb

Open Access Dissertations

Educational research has examined the impact of expanded access to higher education for historically marginalized groups. However, research on the experiences of students who are both racially minoritized and dis/abled is limited. Findings suggest that, due to their intersectional identities, multiply marginalized dis/abled students (MMDS) navigate policies and practices related to racist ableism, which further marginalize them and create additional barriers in their higher education experiences. Expanding this research requires theoretical frameworks that account for students' identities, experiences, and barriers in higher educational spaces and contexts. This qualitative study, grounded in Dis/ability Studies and Critical Race Theory in Education (DisCrit), …

Confronting The Seaport Resilience Gap: Incentives, Frameworks, And Case Studies For Enhancing Resilience To Natural Hazards In Port Planning And Policy, Rosemarie Fusco

Open Access Dissertations

This dissertation investigates the critical issue of seaport resilience, focusing on the gaps in resilience planning and the role of incentives in motivating resilience investment. The research arc addresses the question: What incentivizes seaports to increase natural hazard resilience (NHR)? It is organized into three interconnected manuscripts, each examining distinct aspects of the problem.

The first manuscript critically examines the resilience planning approaches of Small Island Developing States (SIDS) as outlined in their National Adaptation Plans (NAPs), highlighting the limited consideration of seaports despite their critical role in economic and social connectivity. SIDS offer critical insight into seaport resilience due …

“What’S Supp” Developing An In Vitro Model For Healthy Oral Biofilms, Alex Labossiere

Open Access Dissertations

The study of oral plaque has largely been influenced by the study of pathogens. Here in Chapter 1, I will discuss how this pathogenic focus has been dominant until the onset of microbiome research and begin to explain microbiomes in the context of supragingival plaque in homeostatic communities. From there we will then discuss the possible roots where dysbiosis may arise from plaque to cause disease and ways in which we can study healthy supragingival plaque by in vitro models.

In chapter 2, I will discuss molecular commensalism and how it can be viewed as a tool to further understand …

"Understanding Obesity Experiences And Treatment Decision-Making In Hispanic-Latino Communities”, Viviane Fornasaro-Donahue

Open Access Dissertations

Obesity disproportionately affects Hispanic-Latino adults in the United States, yet rates of metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) remain lower in this population compared with non-Hispanic White adults. This dissertation comprises three interconnected phases aimed to (I) explore perceptions of obesity, obesity treatment, and patient-provider communication, (II) inform the development of a culturally responsive bilingual educational material about obesity and MBS, and (III) evaluate its acceptability among Hispanic-Latinos adults with obesity.

Phase I involved a qualitative exploration using semi-structured interviews with Hispanic-Latino adults (n=26) recruited from a community and a clinical MBS setting. These interviews explored participants’ perceptions of …

The Influence Of The Greatest 8tm Text Message Service On Parental Involvement In Children’S Mental Health, Rebecca Michel

Open Access Dissertations

The present study examined the impact of The Greatest 8Ô text messaging service on parental involvement in promoting children’s mental health and wellness. A quasi-experimental design compared 63 subscribers and 115 non-subscribers of the service. Parents completed an online survey assessing confidence, engagement, beliefs about eight core mental health skills, and perceived child improvement, along with exploratory measures regarding information sources, preferred communication methods, and barriers to accessing resources. It was hypothesized that subscribers would report higher confidence, engagement, and beliefs than non-subscribers, that duration in the program would predict these outcomes, and that engagement would moderate the relationship between …

Using Fishing Industry Input And Fishery-Dependent Data To Improve Understanding Of Offshore Fishing Activity And Business Operations, Julia C. Livermore Sheehan

Open Access Dissertations

As the US Blue Economy expands, the commercial and recreational fishing industries in Southern New England face a plethora of challenges. Demand for ocean space is increasing with the expansion of offshore wind development, proposals for additional marine monuments and sanctuaries, and plans for offshore aquaculture farms. Spatial conflicts are therefore increasing, while climate change is driving physical oceanographic changes and biological responses in species at all levels of the food web, resulting in shifts in species distributions and therefore fishing grounds. These challenges contribute to the conditions that businesses must adapt to in order to survive. Therefore, fishing businesses …

Measurement Invariance Of Novel Transtheoretical Model Exercise Scales, Kathleen Monahan

Open Access Dissertations

Purpose. To assess the measurement invariance of three novel Transtheoretical Model exercise measures.

Design. Cross-sectional.

Setting. Online survey study in the United States (US).

Subjects. 748 Black and/or Hispanic US-based adults.

Measures. Demographics, exercise engagement (IPAQ-SF), Stage of Change, Decisional Balance, Self-efficacy, and Barriers to regular exercise.

Analyses. Multigroup confirmatory factor analyses with increased restraints on model parameters to assess configural (no constraints), metric (factor loadings constrained), and scalar invariance (factor loadings and item intercepts constrained) in a sequential manner.

Results. Decisional Balance demonstrated scalar invariance across binary genders and metric invariance across …

The Impact Of Computer-Based Simulations On Content Knowledge And Engagement Of Anatomy & Physiology Ii Students, Bonnie Rayta

Open Access Dissertations

This exploratory mixed-methods study looks to examine if there is a relationship between the use of computer-based simulations (CBS), student knowledge and student engagement in an anatomy and physiology II course. Research question one (RQ 1) asked: does the integration of CBS into lecture-based instruction improve students’ knowledge (KWD) in a second semester anatomy and physiology II course compared to students who participated in non-CBS instruction. Research question two (RQ 2) asked: does the integration of CBS into lecture-based instruction improve students’ engagement (ENG) in a second semester undergraduate anatomy and physiology II course compared to students who participate in …