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Articles 1 - 30 of 85
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Understanding SjöGren's Syndrome As A Systemic Autoimmune Disorder, Gaietchyne Chery
Understanding SjöGren's Syndrome As A Systemic Autoimmune Disorder, Gaietchyne Chery
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Sjögren’s syndrome is an autoimmune condition characterized by a dysfunction in the lachrymal and salivary glands which results in dry eyes and dry mouth. Since its first description in 1892, the disease is one of the most common autoimmune diseases after lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis in the United States. Despite its high prevalence in the general population, Sjögren’s syndrome remains hard to diagnose due to the wide range of symptoms associated with the disease that is also shared by other conditions. Furthermore, the mechanisms behind the pathogenesis are not properly understood even though multiple factors have been proposed to …
Three Essays In Health Economics, Sai Sindhura Gundavarapu
Three Essays In Health Economics, Sai Sindhura Gundavarapu
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This thesis explores factors that influence various healthcare professions, and their practice behaviors. The first chapter focuses on the impacts of occupational regulation of optometrists. The second and third chapters examine the role of education and practice environment on the prescribing behavior of specialist physicians.
Radical Trachelectomy For Invasive Cervical Cancer : A Pathway To Fertility For Some, But Not Without Repercussions, Erica Jamro-Comer
Radical Trachelectomy For Invasive Cervical Cancer : A Pathway To Fertility For Some, But Not Without Repercussions, Erica Jamro-Comer
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
BackgroundRadical trachelectomy (RT) is a surgical procedure that offers a substantial benefit to women diagnosed with invasive cervical cancer: fertility preservation. However, as a newer surgical option, there are still many unknowns about the characteristics and outcomes of women who undergo this procedure after a cervical cancer diagnosis. Initial research in this area indicates that some disparities exist in who has the surgery versus the standard radical hysterectomy procedure; however, these are not fully understood and characterized. Furthermore, little is known about how women plan their families and how their high-risk pregnancies are managed in the absence of a standard …
Photopolymers : Environmentally Benign Technology For A Variety Of Industries, Tatyana Tarasevich
Photopolymers : Environmentally Benign Technology For A Variety Of Industries, Tatyana Tarasevich
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Photopolymerization is a well-known process with applications in a variety of industries. Photopolymers are formed by a reaction of monomers or oligomers, photoinitiators and in some cases crosslinkers. Upon irradiation with UV or visible light, monomers undergo conformational change to form polymers via a photochemical process. Several photopolymerization types will be discussed in this thesis. End products of photopolymerizations included epoxies, inks, coatings, photoresists, etc.
Factors Influencing Psychotherapy Completion In Children Exposed To Adverse Childhood Experiences, Cheryl Kayleen Best
Factors Influencing Psychotherapy Completion In Children Exposed To Adverse Childhood Experiences, Cheryl Kayleen Best
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Child maltreatment and childhood adversity are associated with a broad range of poor mental and physical health outcomes throughout the lifespan. The consequences of childhood adversity have led psychologists in efforts to identify the most effective therapeutic approaches and interventions with which to address the negative effects of childhood trauma. Even as a number of efficacious treatments have been established as best practices for treating childhood trauma, barriers exist in community mental health settings that oftentimes prevent full implementation of these interventions and practices. A growing body of research has focused on better understanding the high rates of attrition from …
Association Between Health Literacy Levels And Behavioral Health Hospitalizations And Emergency Department Utilization In The United States, Rebecca Lynn Hoen
Association Between Health Literacy Levels And Behavioral Health Hospitalizations And Emergency Department Utilization In The United States, Rebecca Lynn Hoen
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Behavioral health disorders are common in the United States (US) and are associated with potentially preventable high-cost health care utilization, such as inpatient hospitalization and emergency department utilization. Health literacy (HL) may be an important modifiable contributing factor to this preventable utilization, as limited health literacy is common in the US and has been linked to increased risk of hospitalization and emergency department utilization. However, few published studies have examined the association between health literacy and behavioral health disorders, and no studies have examined either the association between health literacy and utilization or the potential effects HL interventions might have …
Isolating Oral Bacterial Species From A Single Donor Through A Multi-Step Detection Method, Khalid Al-Lakhen
Isolating Oral Bacterial Species From A Single Donor Through A Multi-Step Detection Method, Khalid Al-Lakhen
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The human oral microbiome is one of the most complex microbiome communities in the human body and its role in maintaining health is not fully understood. Previous research shows that the transition from health to disease is accompanied by changes in community abundance and structure. To fully understand the symbiotic relationship formed between bacterial species that leads to the formation of a functional healthy biofilm structure, we must study the various structural relationships and subsequent molecular interactions among individual species within the biofilm. In this thesis, I have isolated a pure bacteria species from a single donor's dental plaque and …
Expert Level Microscopy For Everyone : Optimizing Microscopy Parameters With Modeling And Simulation, Ethan Woo
Expert Level Microscopy For Everyone : Optimizing Microscopy Parameters With Modeling And Simulation, Ethan Woo
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Multiplexed fluorescent imaging (MFI) has transformed biological investigation by providing spatial context to labeled analytes, such as DNA, RNA, and proteins. Multiplexed imaging techniques can track multiple analytes at once and thus has the potential to provide an unprecedented view into the complex relationships between various molecules, cells, and tissues. However, most researchers rarely use more than 3 fluorophores at a time due to the complex technological and procedural requirements for highly multiplexed imaging. Currently, a major obstacle in the field is the inability to quantify uncertainty in fluorescent images, making it difficult to draw quantitative conclusions from the images. …
Substance Abuse Policies, Prescribing Behaviors, And Health Outcomes, Huy Do Dang
Substance Abuse Policies, Prescribing Behaviors, And Health Outcomes, Huy Do Dang
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Opium and less potent substances such as tobacco and marijuana were found thousands of years ago and used not only to relieve pain and stress but also to entertain human minds. However, there are also side effects of using these, especially to the extent of abusing them. The side effects in this issue are unavoidable so that eliminate them through public health policies is needed. There are several public policies governing the impact of opioids and marijuana in recent years, mainly the Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs (PDMP) and the Legalization of Marijuana. These policies have been in place for about …
The Determination Of Lead In Blood By Electrothermal Atomization Atomic Absorption Spectrometry : Method Improvements And Clinical Fitness For Purpose For Detecting Elevated Blood Lead Levels, Emily Jean Pacer
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Lead (Pb) is ubiquitous in the environment and exposure can have adverse health effects even at low concentrations, particularly in young children. Blood lead levels (BLLs) are the best indicator of recent Pb exposure. Based upon data from the NHANES, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) blood Pb (BPb) reference value, defined as the 97.5th percentile of children 1-5 years old, was lowered from 10 μg/dL to 5 μg/dL in 2012. According to more recent NHANES data, the 97.5th percentile has decreased to 3.5 μg/dL. If the CDC recommends a further lowering of the BPb reference value, many …
Three Essays On Health Economics, Jihye Kim
Three Essays On Health Economics, Jihye Kim
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This thesis focuses on various factors affecting health of American adults and the elderly based on the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). In chapter 1, I examine the role of educational and racial differences in life expectancy (LE) and health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE) for Americans at ages 45-64 using Health and Retirement Study (HRS) during 2000-2016. I compute severity-weighted prevalence of diseases with comorbidity adjustments based on the Global Burden of Disease (2015), and map onto the information on 17 doctor-diagnosed diseases and four self-rated disabling health conditions from HRS. This approach allows us to evaluate the importance of major …
Making Good : World War I, Disability, And The Senses In American Rehabilitation, Evan Patrick Sullivan
Making Good : World War I, Disability, And The Senses In American Rehabilitation, Evan Patrick Sullivan
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This study looks at how disabled American soldier-patients and the US Army used the senses as tools of rehabilitation after the Great War. Contemporaries argued that, when the hundreds of thousands of American soldiers came home wounded or sick after the Great War, the men needed to make good. The phrase “making good” meant that sacrifice in the war was not enough, and veterans had to become socially and economically independent, and return to heterosexual relationships. In an effort to return to normalcy, the US Army relied on rehabilitation, which aimed to medically and socially re-integrate the men into society.
Does Common-Sense Communication And The Interpersonal Relationship Predict Oral Health Self-Management?, Kieran J. Maestro
Does Common-Sense Communication And The Interpersonal Relationship Predict Oral Health Self-Management?, Kieran J. Maestro
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This study sought to understand how patients’ perceptions of the nature and manner of communication with dental health professionals may impact their health self-management quality and habits in the context of preventable illness. Specifically, this study investigated the distinct and overlapping impacts of (a) communication based in the Common Sense Self-Regulation Model (CSM; Leventhal et al., 1980), and (b) the interpersonal relationship between the patient and the dental health professional provider on patients’ oral hygiene quality and habits. It was hypothesized that the interpersonal relationship would positively moderate a positive relation between CSM-based communication and patients' oral health self-management and …
Essays On The Effects Of Public Health Insurance Policies On Health Care Utilization, Expenditure, And Well-Being, Tu Thi Cam Nguyen
Essays On The Effects Of Public Health Insurance Policies On Health Care Utilization, Expenditure, And Well-Being, Tu Thi Cam Nguyen
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation consists of essays on the causal impact of public health insurance policies in the United States. Three chapters investigate how Medicare program, Medicare Prescription coverage program, and the Affordable Care Act Medicaid expansion impact on health-related outcomes, health care expenditure, and food wellbeing.
The Stromal Response In Salivary Gland Injury, Kevin O'Keefe
The Stromal Response In Salivary Gland Injury, Kevin O'Keefe
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Abstract
Does Testing Enhance Mediation In Paired-Associate Learning?, Deana Vitrano
Does Testing Enhance Mediation In Paired-Associate Learning?, Deana Vitrano
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The testing effect (TE) is the robust finding that testing on previously studied material leads to better long-term retention as compared to restudying that material (Roediger & Karpicke, 2006b). Pyc and Rawson (2010) proposed the Mediator Effectiveness Hypothesis (MEH) as an explanation for the TE in paired-associate learning, The MEH states that review testing on cue-target word pairs strengthens semantic/associative mediators, which helps participants recall targets to their cues on a later test. Pyc and Rawson found support for the MEH with Swahili-English word pairs and explicit mediation instructions, using the most rigorous test of the MEH. Other researchers have …
The Influence Of Ethnic Identity Commitment, Discrimination, And Sexism On Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Latina College Students, Melissa M. Ertl
The Influence Of Ethnic Identity Commitment, Discrimination, And Sexism On Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Latina College Students, Melissa M. Ertl
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
According to intersectionality theory, exposure to experiences of oppression predispose individuals from disadvantaged groups to experience disparities in health. Such disparities are evident in the sexual health outcomes among college student-age Latina women living in the US, who tend to report significantly worse sexual health outcomes than their peers. Guided by intersectionality frameworks, the present study examined Latina college students’ sexual risk behaviors in relation to ethnic identity and experiences of discrimination and sexism. Commitment to ethnic identity was expected to negatively relate with sexual risk, and experiences of discrimination and sexism were hypothesized to moderate the association between commitment …
Eyes Shut : Stories, Danielle Epting
Eyes Shut : Stories, Danielle Epting
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This story collection focuses on a range of characters and explores themes/ideas such as loss, self-awareness, and abuse. These ideas are explored through the use of specific literary elements to help heighten the themes. These elements include point of view, characterization, and plot. Other elements, such as speculative or more fantastical aspects, are also used in several stories. These stories and themes hope to highlight the complex dynamics of both human relationships and our own inner struggles that we all must navigate throughout our journey.
Bayesian Analysis In Adult Skeletal Age-At-Death Estimation, With Additional Consideration Of Pathological Variables, Jessica L. Campbell
Bayesian Analysis In Adult Skeletal Age-At-Death Estimation, With Additional Consideration Of Pathological Variables, Jessica L. Campbell
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
A common task bioarchaeologists face is to estimate age-at-death in populations that have no corresponding documentation. This poses many challenges, the first of which is that age-at-death is highly variable within and among populations and can be further confounded by genetic and environmental influences, as well as other components of the biological profile. Estimating age-at-death in a historic sample can be even more challenging due to missing age indicators or taphonomic changes that obscure the features. Bayesian Analysis offers the potential to mitigate these challenges and to estimate age-at-death with lower degrees of uncertainty and higher probabilities of increased accuracy …
Of Donuts And Promo : In Silico Approaches To Identification Of Transcriptional Regulators Of Salivary Acinar Differentiation, Connor Cillian Duffy
Of Donuts And Promo : In Silico Approaches To Identification Of Transcriptional Regulators Of Salivary Acinar Differentiation, Connor Cillian Duffy
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The salivary gland is an organ often taken for granted by most people. However, its proper function is essential for several everyday activities, such as speaking, swallowing, and tasting. As such, impaired salivary gland function, such as that caused by Sjögren’s Syndrome or radiotherapy for head and neck cancers, can lead to a significantly reduced quality of life. The cells that produce saliva in salivary glands are known as acinar cells, which arise from proacinar cells generated during embryonic development. As such, in studying the promoter regions of proacinar and acinar genes, it may be possible to identify common transcription …
Saliva As A Diagnostic Biological Fluid And The Human Salivary Proteome, Jessica Ghassan Emsies
Saliva As A Diagnostic Biological Fluid And The Human Salivary Proteome, Jessica Ghassan Emsies
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Saliva is a unique biologic fluid that contains a varying spectrum of proteins, nucleic acids, electrolytes, and hormones.31 It is an exocrine secretion of the salivary glands which is hypotonic in nature with a pH of 7.2-7.4.31 Saliva plays an important role in the oral cavity.33 It lubricates, hydrates, and bathes the oral cavity, therefore, aiding speech and mastication.33 Saliva forms a barrier on the teeth, protects against demineralization, and aids in remineralization.33 Saliva is required for chewing and food bolus preparation, it contains enzymes necessary for digestion, and mediates the sense of taste.33 It also helps wound healing and …
Migration, Resettlement, And Transition In The Aftermath Of The Maya Collapse : A Case Study Of A Terminal Classic Maya Community In Northern Belize, Josalyn M. Ferguson
Migration, Resettlement, And Transition In The Aftermath Of The Maya Collapse : A Case Study Of A Terminal Classic Maya Community In Northern Belize, Josalyn M. Ferguson
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
While there is consensus that the processes of decline and abandonment at many sites associated with the Terminal Classic Maya “collapse” (A.D. 750-1050) included the movement of peoples across the Maya lowlands, there has been little focused archaeological research on the resettlement and regeneration of these migrant groups. The movement of peoples across the Maya landscape was partially encouraged by a declining and ever increasingly taxed environment, as well as a revolution in exchange systems, with a notable increase in entrepreneurialism across the Maya subarea. This more integrated economic system focused on a wider range of commodities that served to …
The Role Of Rock Signaling On Salivary Gland Organoid Formation, Matthew Koslow
The Role Of Rock Signaling On Salivary Gland Organoid Formation, Matthew Koslow
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Salivary glands are crucial organs that are responsible for secreting saliva which is important for the breakdown of carbohydrates, providing lubrication of the mouth, and maintenance of oral health. Patients diagnosed with Sjögren's Syndrome or receiving treatment for head and neck cancer, can permanently lose salivary gland function, which is referred to as salivary hypofunction. As a result, these patients develop Xerostomia, or the feeling of dry mouth, and suffer from an overall decreased quality of life. To combat the negative effects of salivary hypofunction, stem cell therapy is an attractive option, as implantation of specific cell populations can rescue …
Accumulation And Spatial Distribution Of Lead And Other Trace Elements In Keratinized Tissues : Investigations Based On Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, Mina W. Tehrani
Accumulation And Spatial Distribution Of Lead And Other Trace Elements In Keratinized Tissues : Investigations Based On Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, Mina W. Tehrani
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Human biomonitoring for toxic metals such as lead (Pb) provides information about absorbed dose from all exposure routes, and is critical for identifying exposed individuals and assessing health risks. Blood Pb and bone Pb are the primary validated biomarkers for assessing short-term and historical Pb exposures, respectively, while non-traditional matrices, including keratinized tissues, can provide complementary exposure information. Hard keratinized tissues – including hair, nails, hooves, and horns – grow incrementally, potentially preserving chemical exposure histories over a span of days to years. Analytical limitations and poor interlaboratory reproducibility, however, have led to debate around the use of human nails …
Examining The Influence Of Technology Affordances Of Fitness Trackers And Health Psychographic Factors On Physical Activity, Xin Zhou
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Fitness trackers have immense potential to improve individuals’ health behaviors and health outcomes. Studies in disciplines such as public health, communication technology and information systems, have examined factors that can predict use of fitness trackers and their influence on health-related behaviors. However, not much is known about (1) which element(s) of fitness trackers affect individuals’ health behaviors, and (2) the psychological mechanism that guides the relationships between individuals’ health-related beliefs and use of fitness trackers on physical activity behaviors. Guided by the Motivational Technology Model (MTM) and Self-Determination Theory (SDT), this dissertation examined the influence of technology affordances (i.e., customization, …
Differentiation Of Potential False Positives From Human Saliva Using Raman Spectroscopy For Forensic Purposes, Selina Casadei
Differentiation Of Potential False Positives From Human Saliva Using Raman Spectroscopy For Forensic Purposes, Selina Casadei
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Traces of body fluids can be found at a crime scene. Being able to identify and differentiate the body fluids while preserving DNA is fundamentally important for forensic applications. Saliva is an important body fluid that can be found on bite marks, cigarette butts, and more, being an excellent source for DNA extraction. Current tests for saliva and other body fluids are destructive and body fluid specific, and are prone to false positives. Our laboratory has developed a universal method for identification of all main body fluids; saliva, semen, sweat, peripheral blood, and vaginal fluid, using Raman spectroscopy combined with …
The Influence Of Submandibular Salivary Gland Mesenchyme On The Proacinar Epithelial Cell Phenotype, Zeinab Farajallah Hosseini
The Influence Of Submandibular Salivary Gland Mesenchyme On The Proacinar Epithelial Cell Phenotype, Zeinab Farajallah Hosseini
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Current treatments for patients suffering from salivary hypofunction are insufficient and there is clinical need for regenerating the damaged tissue and restoring function of the gland. Reconstruction of 3D architecture is essential for stimulating secretory differentiation of epithelial progenitor cells in the salivary gland, which involves input from extracellular matrix and basement membrane as well as heterotypic cell interactions. However, the specific requirements for differentiation of secretory progenitor cells in salivary glands remain unclear. To determine what mechanisms and factors are required to promote proacinar differentiation, we isolated primary epithelial cells from embryonic day 16 (E16) submandibular salivary gland (SMG) …
Nutrition Transition, Trace Elements In Nails, And Blood Pressure Along The Interoceanic Highway, Madre De Dios, Peru, Stacy M. Pettigrew
Nutrition Transition, Trace Elements In Nails, And Blood Pressure Along The Interoceanic Highway, Madre De Dios, Peru, Stacy M. Pettigrew
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The paving of the Interoceanic Highway (IOH) brought rapid development to the Madre de Dios (MDD) region in the Peruvian Amazon. Development brings concerns of toxic trace element exposures, and road development has been a major driver of the transition from traditional to calorie-dense processed ‘Western’ diets in lower and middle-income countries. Investigacion de Migracion, Ambiente, y Salud (IMAS) (Investigation of Migration, the Environment, and Health) is the first analysis of health, diet, and integrated toxic trace elements in nails in the region. In 2014 we collected household surveys from 310 households in 46 communities along the IOH and nails …
Factors Associated With Candida Albicans Dissemination Via The Intestinal Mucosa, Emily Rochac Argueta
Factors Associated With Candida Albicans Dissemination Via The Intestinal Mucosa, Emily Rochac Argueta
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
A murine model that established GI colonization of Candida albicans and eventual dissemination was identified to be lacking by Koh and others. Koh’s model specifically employed a tailored combination of neutropenia, intestinal damage, and microbiome dysbiosis that would allow C. albicans to gain an opportunistic advantage. His model provided new opportunities to study the details of C. albicans pathogenesis with a focus on the innate immune mechanisms responsible for controlling C. albicans within the intestinal mucosa. The long-term goal of this research project was to specifically study the factors associated with Candida albicans dissemination via the intestinal mucosa. The model …
Psychological Reactance Theory And Marijuana Craving, Melissa Nicole Slavin
Psychological Reactance Theory And Marijuana Craving, Melissa Nicole Slavin
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Psychological Reactance Theory (Brehm, 1966) asserts that people experience reactance (a retaliatory motivational state characterized by negative affect and resistant attitudes) when they perceive their autonomy is threatened. Reactance may lead to “boomerang effects”, where the individual is drawn toward the restricted object or behavior. Anti-marijuana (MJ) messages designed to discourage use might heighten reactance and inadvertently lead to greater craving for MJ and stronger intentions to use. The current online experiment determined that a message discouraging use of MJ evoked greater reactance in student and community member participants than a harm-reduction message. Additionally, reactance was associated with participants’ indirect …