Digital Commons Network^™

Introducing Classcrits: Rejecting Class-Blindness, A Critical Legal Analysis Of Economic Inequity, Athena D. Mutua

Journal Articles

In 2007, two workshops at the University at Buffalo launched a project bringing together legal scholars interested in exploring the relationship between law and economic inequality. This article provides an overview of the workshops’ key understandings and discussions. The essay suggests that these understandings, informed by critical legal scholarship, constituted a set of shared assumptions among the participants and informed the groups’ rejection of class blindness, a society-wide blindness to the existence and use of economic power. Discussing some of the functional similarities of gender, race and class blindness, the article argues that feminist and critical race scholars’ critiques of …

Power Of Attorney, Christine Corcos

Journal Articles

No doubt exists that the drama/farce Ally McBeal, which ran on the Fox Television Network from 1997 to 2002, was a phenomenal success, at least during its middle years (1998-1999). It sparked numerous fan websites in several countries including one devoted to "fan fiction" (a genre in which devotees of a television series or film try their hands at writing scripts), various product spinoffs, a series spinoff (Ally, a thirty minute version that featured only vignettes, no legal drama) and even a Time magazine article that seriously considered whether Ally represents "the end of feminism." Years after the show went …

Low-Fluence Electron Yields Of Highly Insulating Materials, Ryan Hoffmann, Jr Dennison, Clint D. Thomson, Jennifer Albretson

Journal Articles

Electron-induced electron yields of high-resistivity, high-yield materials - ceramic polycrystalline aluminum oxide and the polymer polyimide (Kapton HN), - were made by using a low-fluence, pulsed incident electron beam and charge neutralization electron source to minimize charge accumulation. Large changes in energy-dependent total yield curves and yield decay curves were observed, even for incident electron fluences of <3 fC/mm². The evolution of the electron yield as charge accumulates in the material is modeled in terms of electron re-capture based on an extended Chung-Everhart model of the electron emission spectrum. This model is used to explain anomalies measured in highly insulating, …

Deep Dielectric Charging Of Spacecraft Polymers By Energetic Protons, Nelson W. Green, Jr Dennison

Journal Articles

The majority of research in the field of spacecraft charging concentrates on electron charging effects with little discussion of charging by protons. For spacecraft orbiting in the traditional LEO and GEO environments, this emphasis on electrons is appropriate since energetic electrons are the dominant species. However, for spacecraft in orbits within the inner radiation belts, or for interplanetary and lunar space probes, proton charging effects may also be of concern. To examine bulk spacecraft charging effects in these environments, several typical highly insulating spacecraft polymers were exposed to energetic protons with energies from 1 to 10 MeV to simulate protons …

Revisiting The Total Incarceration Variable Should Researchers Separate Jail From Prison Sentences In Sentencing Research?, Michael P. Harrington

Journal Articles

Recent research has examined the use of the total incarceration variable. The results of these studies have shown that the factors affecting a decision to sentence an offender to jail are different than those influencing a prison sentence. These studies have suggested that disentangling jail and prison sentences will enhance our understanding of how race influences sentence outcomes. Neither of these studies examined the sentence-length portion using the expanded definition of the total incarceration variable. The research presented here examines the validity of using the total incarceration variable and whether the same factors affect the length of a jail sentence …

In Search Of Sub-National Constitutionalism, James A. Gardner

Journal Articles

Two recent trends, one favoring federalism as a form of governmental organization and the other favoring written constitutions, have lately combined to produce an impressive proliferation of subnational constitutions. Documents that can fairly be described as constitutions now govern the affairs of subnational units - states, provinces, cantons, Länder - in federal states on every continent. What remains unclear, however, is whether the proliferation of subnational constitutions indicates a corresponding spread of the practice of subnationalism constitutionalism - whether, that is, the appearance of subnational constitutions around the globe evinces a spreading ideological commitment to a strong role for subnational …

Effects Of Nicotine And Depressive Traits On Affective Priming Of Lateralized Emotional Word Identification, David Gilbert, Joshua M. Carlson, Hege Riise, Brett Froeliger

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Aging And Partial Body Weight Support Affects Gait Variability, Anastasia Kyvelidou, Max J. Kurz, Julie L. Ehlers, Nikolaos Stergiou

Journal Articles

Background: Aging leads to increases in gait variability which may explain the large incidence of falls in the elderly. Body weight support training may be utilized to improve gait in the elderly and minimize falls. However, before initiating rehabilitation protocols, baseline studies are needed to identify the effect of body weight support on elderly gait variability. Our purpose was to determine the kinematic variability of the lower extremities in young and elderly healthy females at changing levels of body weight support during walking.

Methods: Ten young and ten elderly females walked on a treadmill for two minutes with a body …

Masked Fearful Faces Modulate The Orienting Of Covert Spatial Attention, Joshua M. Carlson, Karen S. Reinke

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Resources Sharing And Library Networks In India, Kishor Chandra Satpathy, Manoj Kumar Sinha

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Duress, Demanding Heroism And Proportionality, Luis E. Chiesa

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Claudication Distances And The Walking Impairment Questionnaire Best Describe The Ambulatory Limitations In Patients With Symptomatic Peripheral Arterial Disease, Sara A. Myers, Jason Johanning, Nikolaos Stergiou, Thomas G. Lynch, G. Matthew Longo, Iraklis Pipinos

Journal Articles

Background

Claudication secondary to peripheral arterial disease leads to reduced mobility, limited physical functioning, and poor health outcomes. Disease severity can be assessed with quantitative clinical methods and qualitative self-perceived measures of quality of life. Limited data exist to document the degree to which quantitative and qualitative measures correlate. The current study provides data on the relationship between quantitative and qualitative measures of symptomatic peripheral arterial disease.

Method

This descriptive case series was set in an academic vascular surgery unit and biomechanics laboratory. The subjects were symptomatic patients with peripheral arterial disease patients presenting with claudication. The quantitative evaluation outcome …

Enhanced Robotic Surgical Training Using Augmented Visual Feedback, Timothy N. Judkins, D. Oleynikov, Nikolaos Stergiou

Journal Articles

The goal of this study was to enhance robotic surgical training via real-time augmented visual feedback. Thirty novices (medical students) were divided into 5 feedback groups (speed, relative phase, grip force, video, and control) and trained during 1 session in 3 inanimate surgical tasks with the da Vinci Surgical System. Task completion time, distance traveled, speed, curvature, relative phase, and grip force were measured immediately before and after training and during a retention test 2 weeks after training. All performance measures except relative phase improved after training and were retained after 2 weeks. Feedback-specific effects showed that the speed group …

Restoring The Ada And Beyond: Disability In The 21st Century, Robert L. Burgdorf

Journal Articles

Perhaps it was imprudent for me to agree, in response to the request of the symposium organizers, to address the future of disability law. Nobel Prize-winning physicist Neils Bohr supposedly once said that "[p]rediction is very difficult, especially about the future."' Columnist and author Jim Bishop wrote, "The future is an opaque mirror. Anyone who tries to look into it sees nothing but the dim outlines of an old and worried face." 2 Prognosticating is a very tricky and uncertain undertaking. I cannot pretend to have any particular gift for crystal ball gazing in disability matters. When I joined the …

United States Regulation Of Stem Cell Research: Recasting Government's Role And Questions To Be Resolved, Owen C. B. Hughes, Alan L. Jakimo, Michael J. Malinowski

Journal Articles

This article directly addresses the stem cell controversy, but also the broader history and norms regarding the roles of federal and state government in U.S. science research funding.

The International Trend Toward Requiring Good Cause For Tenant Eviction: Dangerous Portents For The United States?, Andrea B. Carroll

Journal Articles

This article is a first step in an effort to critically examine the invasion of a rather dangerous European property law trend into American law. The view of the right to safe, adequate, and affordable housing as a fundamental right held by all mankind is quickly growing, with more than nine countries now recognizing it. The problem is that the recognition of this fundamental right begs the question of how it is to be assured. The method of assurance chosen by most jurisdictions recognizing a right to housing is a scheme of good cause eviction. Under such a regime, a …

Policing The Compensation Of Victims Of Catastrophes: Combining Solidarity And Self-Responsibility, Olivier Moreteau

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Race In Dna Statistics: What Experts Say, What California Courts Allow, David H. Kaye

Journal Articles

When a defendant's DNA matches a sample found at a crime scene, how compelling is the match? To answer this question, DNA analysts typically use numbers - "relative frequencies," "random match probabilities" or "likelihood ratios." They compute and present these quantities for the major racial or ethnic groups in the United States, supplying prosecutors with such mind-boggling figures as "one in nine hundred and fifty sextillion African Americans, one in one hundred and thirty septillion Caucasians, and one in nine hundred and thirty sextillion Hispanics."

A line of California cases rejects this established practice on relevance grounds. The theory of …

The Social Contract And Authorship: Allocating Entitlements In The Copyright System., Alina Ng

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Simply Put: How Diversity Benefits Whites And How Whites Can Simply Benefit Diversity, Angela Mae Kupenda

Journal Articles

Although there are surmountable legal barriers to racial integration in education, fuller integration is possible. But first, whites must see how they benefit from diversity, and, second, whites must take simple steps toward integration that may, in turn, reveal to whites their desire to become more fully integrated. These two steps may help remove the limiting point to true integration.

Book Review, Angela Mae Kupenda

Journal Articles

YOUR BLUES AIN’T LIKE MINE is an excellently written, fictionalized account of the lives of several people set in the fifties as a rural Mississippi community reacts to impending school racial desegregation and the killing of a fifteen year old black boy who had the misfortune of speaking French in the direction of a white woman. I’ve used this book to facilitate discussion on issues of race, gender, the law, class, and politics in several of my law school classes such as Race and the Law, Gender and the Law, and Civil Rights.

A Process Theory Of Natural Law And The Rule Of Law In China, Mark C. Modak-Truran

Journal Articles

This Article analyzes China's efforts to implement the rule of law and proposes a constructive, post-modern normative theory of law based on the Process Philosophy of Alfred North Whitehead and the Radical Empiricism of William James. This "process theory of natural law" provides a novel theory of natural law that eliminates the perceived illegitimacy arising from legal indeterminacy and closes the ontological gap between legal theory and practice. Process natural law also mediates many of the cultural differences between the East and the West through the telos of beauty (unity-in-diversity), which entails maximizing both an Eastern aesthetic sense of order …

George Carlin, Constitutional Law Scholar, Christine Corcos

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Stepping Over Obstacles Of Different Heights And Varied Shoe Traction Alter The Kinetic Strategies Of The Leading Limb, Jeremy J. Houser, Leslie M. Decker, Nikolaos Stergiou

Journal Articles

This study aims to investigate the effects of shoe traction and obstacle height on friction during walking to better understand the mechanisms required to avoid slippage following obstacle clearance. Ten male subjects walked at a self-selected pace during eight different conditions: four obstacle heights (0%, 10%, 20%, and 40% of limb length) while wearing two different pairs of shoes (low and high traction). Frictional forces were calculated from the ground reaction forces following obstacle clearance, which were sampled with a Kistler platform at 960 Hz. All frictional peaks increased with increases in obstacle height. Low traction shoes yielded smaller peaks …

Case Comment - People V. Nelson: A Tale Of Two Statistics, David H. Kaye

Journal Articles

In recent years, defendants who were identified as a result of a search through a database of DNA profiles have argued that the probability that a randomly selected person would match a crime-scene stain overstates the probative value of the match. The statistical literature is divided, with most statisticians who have written on the subject rejecting this claim. In People v. Nelson, the Supreme Court of California held that when the random-match probability is so small as to make it exceedingly unlikely that any unrelated individual has the incriminating DNA profile, this statistic is admissible in a database-search case. …

Una Visita Al Debate Hart-Dworkin [Revisiting The Hart–Dworkin Debate], Jorge Luis Fabra-Zamora

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

The Rise Of Spanish And Latin American Criminal Theory, Luis E. Chiesa

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

"A Revision Of The Higher Taxonomy Of The Afrotropical Freshwater Crabs With A Discussion Of Their Biogeography" , Neil Cumberlidge, Richard M. Von Sternberg, Savel R. Daniels

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

"A New Species Of Freshwater Crab From Western Kenya" , Neil Cumberlidge, Michael Dobson

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No abstract provided.

"Insular Species Of Afrotropical Freshwater Crabs With Special Reference To Madagascar And The Seychelles" , Neil Cumberlidge

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.