Digital Commons Network^™

Evolutionary View Planning For Optimized Uav Terrain Modeling In A Simulated Environment, Ronald A. Martin, Ivan Rojas, Kevin W. Franke, John Hedengren

Faculty Publications

This work demonstrates the use of genetic algorithms in optimized view planning for 3D reconstruction applications using small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The quality of UAV site models is currently highly dependent on manual pilot operations or grid-based automation solutions. When applied to 3D structures, these approaches can result in gaps in the total coverage or inconsistency in final model resolution. Genetic algorithms can effectively explore the search space to locate image positions that produce high quality models in terms of coverage and accuracy. A fitness function is defined, and optimization parameters are selected through semi-exhaustive search. A novel simulation …

Ultrahigh-Energy Neutrino Follow-Up Of Gravitational Wave Events Gw150914 And Gw151226 With The Pierre Auger Observatory, A. Aab, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Al Samarai, I. F.M. Albuquerque, I. Allekotte, A. Almela, J. Alvarez Castillo, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, M. Ambrosio, G. A. Anastasi, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, S. Andringa, C. Aramo, F. Arqueros, N. Arsene, H. Asorey, P. Assis, J. Aublin, G. Avila, A. M. Badescu, A. Balaceanu, R. J. Barreira Luz, C. Baus, J. J. Beatty, K. H. Becker, J. A. Bellido, C. Berat, M. E. Bertaina, X. Bertou, P. L. Biermann, P. Billoir

Faculty Publications

On September 14, 2015 the Advanced LIGO detectors observed their first gravitational wave (GW) transient GW150914. This was followed by a second GW event observed on December 26, 2015. Both events were inferred to have arisen from the merger of black holes in binary systems. Such a system may emit neutrinos if there are magnetic fields and disk debris remaining from the formation of the two black holes. With the surface detector array of the Pierre Auger Observatory we can search for neutrinos with energy Eν above 100 PeV from pointlike sources across the sky with equatorial declination from about …

Single Molecule Mass Measurements And Mass Spectrometry, Kermit K. Murray

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Influence Of Maternal Breast Milk Ingestion On Acquisition Of The Intestinal Microbiome In Preterm Infants., Katherine E Gregory, Buck S Samuel, Pearl Houghteling, Guru Shan, Frederick M Ausubel, Ruslan I Sadreyev, W Allan Walker

Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: The initial acquisition and early development of the intestinal microbiome during infancy are important to human health across the lifespan. Mode of birth, antibiotic administration, environment of care, and nutrition have all been shown to play a role in the assembly of the intestinal microbiome during early life. For preterm infants, who are disproportionately at risk of inflammatory intestinal disease (i.e., necrotizing enterocolitis), a unique set of clinical factors influence the establishment of the microbiome. The purpose of this study was to establish the influence of nutritional exposures on the intestinal microbiome in a cohort of preterm infants early …

Generation Of Vector Partially Coherent Optical Sources Using Phase-Only Spatial Light Modulators, Milo W. Hyde Iv, Santasri Bose-Pillai, David G. Voelz, Xifeng Xiao

Faculty Publications

A simple and flexible optical system for generating electromagnetic or vector partially coherent sources or beams is presented. The alternative design controls field amplitude (beam shape), coherence, and polarization using only spatial light modulators. This improvement makes the apparatus simpler to construct and significantly increases the flexibility of vector partially coherent source generators by allowing many different types of sources to be produced without changing the physical setup. The system’s layout and theoretical foundations are thoroughly discussed. The utility and flexibility of the proposed system are demonstrated by producing a vector Schell-model and non-Schell-model source. The experimental results are compared …

Generalized Multiband Typical Medium Dynamical Cluster Approximation: Application To (Ga,Mn)N, Yi Zhang, R. Nelson, Elisha Siddiqui, K. M. Tam, U. Yu, T. Berlijn, W. Ku, N. S. Vidhyadhiraja, J. Moreno, M. Jarrell

Faculty Publications

We generalize the multiband typical medium dynamical cluster approximation and the formalism introduced by Blackman, Esterling, and Berk so that it can deal with localization in multiband disordered systems with both diagonal and off-diagonal disorder with complicated potentials. We also introduce an ansatz for the momentum-resolved typical density of states that greatly improves the numerical stability of the method while preserving the independence of scattering events at different frequencies. Starting from the first-principles effective Hamiltonian, we apply this method to the diluted magnetic semiconductor Ga1-xMnxN, and find the impurity band is completely localized for Mn concentrations x<0.03, while for 0.03

New Prediction Approach For Stabilizing Time-Varying Systems Under Time-Varying Input Delay, Frederic Mazenc, Michael Malisoff

Faculty Publications

We provide a new sequential predictors approach for the exponential stabilization of linear time-varying systems with pointwise time-varying input delays. Our method circumvents the problem of constructing and estimating distributed terms in the stabilizing control laws, and allows arbitrarily large input delay bounds. We illustrate our method using a pendulum dynamics.

New Bounded Backstepping Control Designs For Time-Varying Systems Under Converging-Input-Converging-State Conditions, Frederic Mazenc, Michael Malisoff, Jerome Weston

Faculty Publications

We provide new asymptotically stabilizing backstepping controls for time-varying systems in a partially linear form. Instead of measuring the full current state, our main feedback design uses several time lagged values of a function of the state of the nonlinear subsystem, and has no distributed terms. Other advantages are that we do not require differentiability of the available nominal controls for the nonlinear subsystems, and that our controls do not contain Lie derivatives. This improves on a recent work in Automatica that covered the special case where the linear part has one integrator, since we now allow an arbitrary number …

Episode Of Intense Chemical Weathering During The Termination Of The 635 Ma Marinoan Glaciation, Kang Jun Huang, Fang Zhen Teng, Bing Shen, Shuhai Xiao, Xianguo Lang, Hao Ran Ma, Yong Fu, Yongbo Peng

Faculty Publications

Cryogenian (∼720-635 Ma) global glaciations (the snowball Earth) represent the most extreme ice ages in Earth's history. The termination of these snowball Earth glaciations is marked by the global precipitation of cap carbonates, which are interpreted to have been driven by intense chemical weathering on continents. However, direct geochemical evidence for the intense chemical weathering in the aftermath of snowball glaciations is lacking. Here, we report Mg isotopic data from the terminal Cryogenian or Marinoan-age Nantuo Formation and the overlying cap carbonate of the basal Doushantuo Formation in South China. A positive excursion of extremely high δ26Mg values (+0.56 to …

Isotopic Analysis Of Sporocarp Protein And Structural Material Improves Resolution Of Fungal Carbon Sources, Janet Chen, Kirsten S. Hofmockel, Erik A. Hobbie

Faculty Publications

Fungal acquisition of resources is difficult to assess in the field. To determine whether fungi received carbon from recent plant photosynthate, litter or soil-derived organic (C:N bonded) nitrogen, we examined differences in δ13C among bulk tissue, structural carbon, and protein extracts of sporocarps of three fungal types: saprotrophic fungi, fungi with hydrophobic ectomycorrhizae, or fungi with hydrophilic ectomycorrhizae. Sporocarps were collected from experimental plots of the Duke Free-air CO2 enrichment experiment during and after CO2 enrichment. The differential 13C labeling of ecosystem pools in CO2 enrichment experiments was tracked into fungi and provided novel insights into organic nitrogen use. Specifically, …

Examining Health Care Students' Attitudes Toward E-Professionalism, Jacob P. Gettig, Sandhya Noronha, John Graneto, Lillian Obucina, Kelli J. Christensen, Nancy F. Fjortoft

Faculty Publications

Objective. To compare pharmacy, osteopathic medicine, dental medicine, and physician assistant (PA) students' perceptions of e-professionalism.

Methods. A 20-item questionnaire was developed and administered to four cohorts of health care professions students early in their first professional year. The questionnaire contained 16 scenarios in which a hypothetical health care student or professional shared information or content electronically and students were asked to indicate how much they agreed that the scenario represented professional behavior.

Results. Ninety-four percent of students completed the questionnaire. More female students were in the pharmacy and PA cohorts. There were statistical differences in students' perceptions of e-professionalism …

Exotic Looped Trajectories Of Photons In Three-Slit Interference, Omar S. Magaña-Loaiza, Israel De Leon, Mohammad Mirhosseini, Robert Fickler, Akbar Safari, Uwe Mick, Brian Mcintyre, Peter Banzer, Brandon Rodenburg, Gerd Leuchs, Robert W. Boyd

Faculty Publications

The validity of the superposition principle and of Born's rule are well-accepted tenants of quantum mechanics. Surprisingly, it has been predicted that the intensity pattern formed in a three-slit experiment is seemingly in contradiction with the most conventional form of the superposition principle when exotic looped trajectories are taken into account. However, the probability of observing such paths is typically very small, thus rendering them extremely difficult to measure. Here we confirm the validity of Born's rule and present the first experimental observation of exotic trajectories as additional paths for the light by directly measuring their contribution to the formation …

Sub-Cycle Ionization Dynamics Revealed By Trajectory Resolved, Elliptically-Driven High-Order Harmonic Generation, E. W. Larsen, S. Carlström, E. Lorek, C. M. Heyl, D. Paleček, K. J. Schafer, A. L'Huillier, D. Zigmantas, J. Mauritsson

Faculty Publications

The sub-cycle dynamics of electrons driven by strong laser fields is central to the emerging field of attosecond science. We demonstrate how the dynamics can be probed through high-order harmonic generation, where different trajectories leading to the same harmonic order are initiated at different times, thereby probing different field strengths. We find large differences between the trajectories with respect to both their sensitivity to driving field ellipticity and resonant enhancement. To accurately describe the ellipticity dependence of the long trajectory harmonics we must include a sub-cycle change of the initial velocity distribution of the electron and its excursion time. The …

Phase Sensitivity At The Heisenberg Limit In An Su(1,1) Interferometer Via Parity Detection, Dong Li, Bryan T. Gard, Yang Gao, Chun Hua Yuan, Weiping Zhang, Hwang Lee, Jonathan P. Dowling

Faculty Publications

We theoretically investigate the phase sensitivity with parity detection on an SU(1,1) interferometer with a coherent state combined with a squeezed vacuum state. This interferometer is formed with two parametric amplifiers for beam splitting and recombination instead of beam splitters. We show that the sensitivity of phase estimation approaches the Heisenberg limit and give the corresponding optimal condition. Moreover, we derive the quantum Cramér-Rao bound of the SU(1,1) interferometer.

The Role Of Particle Surface Functionality And Microstructure Development In Isothermal And Non-Isothermal Crystallization Behavior Of Polyamide 6/Cellulose Nanocrystals Nanocomposites, Shahram Rahimi, Joshua U. Otaigbe

Faculty Publications

Polyamide 6 (PA6)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) and aminopropyl triethoxy silane (APS) - modified CNC nanocomposites were prepared by in situ anionic ring opening polymerization and subsequent melt extrusion. The morphological observation of these hybrid systems revealed that the non-modified nanocrystals developed a network-like fibrillar structure while the APS-modified CNCs were finely dispersed mostly as individual whiskers. The isothermal and non-isothermal crystallization kinetics was extensively studied with emphasis on the effects of CNC surface functionality and the subsequent microstructure development on crystallization behavior of these novel nanocomposite systems. The non-modified CNC particles with corresponding fibrillar microstructure were found significantly hinder the crystallization …

Effect Of Disorder On The Magnetic And Electronic Structure Of A Prospective Spin-Gapless Semiconductor Mncrval, P. Kharel, J. Herran, Pavel Lukashev, Y. Jin, J. Waybright, S. Gilbert, B, Staten, P. Gray, S. Valloppilly, Y. Huh, D. J. Sellmyer

Faculty Publications

Recent discovery of a new class of materials, spin-gapless semiconductors (SGS), has attracted considerable attention in the last few years, primarily due to potential applications in the emerging field of spin-based electronics (spintronics). Here, we investigate structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of one potential SGS compound, MnCrVAl, using various experimental and theoretical techniques. Our calculations show that this material exhibits ≈ 0.5 eV band gap for the majority-spin states, while for the minority-spin it is nearly gapless. The calculated magnetic moment for the completely ordered structure is 2.9 µ_B/f.u., which is different from our experimentally measured value of …

Behold, Steve Bannon’S Hip-Hop Shakespeare Rewrite: 'Coriolanus', Daniel Pollack-Pelzner

Faculty Publications

In this opinion piece originally published in the New York Times, Daniel Pollack-Pelzner examines The Thing I Am (a contemporary rewrite of Coriolanus, as envisioned by Steve Bannon and Julia Jones) in the context of Shakespeare's original play. Pollack-Pelzner argues that Bannon's political playbook is evident in the script for The Thing I Am — namely, a violent macho conflict to purge corrupt leaders and pave the way for a new strongman to emerge.

If Hindsight Is 20/20, Our Justice System Should Not Be Blind To New Evidence Of Innocence: A Survey Of Post-Conviction New Evidence Statutes And A Proposed Model, Paige Kaneb

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Constraining Ribbon Rock Dolomitization By Mg Isotopes: Implications For The ‘Dolomite Problem’, Fang Bing Li, Fang Zhen Teng, Ji Tao Chen, Kang Jun Huang, Shui Jiong Wang, Xian Guo Lang, Hao Ran Ma, Yong Bo Peng, Bing Shen

Faculty Publications

© 2016 Elsevier B.V. Modern dolomite formation is conditional and restricted in specific environmental and geochemical conditions, accordingly cannot be used as the analog of ancient dolostones, which normally have platform-wide distribution. The key to understand ancient dolostone formation is to find a dolomitization process that is independent of physical/geochemical environments. It is well-known that ribbon rock (one type of calcareous rhythmites, sensu stricto referring to the alternating limestone and marlstone layers or the limestone-marl alternations) that are deposited in nearly all marine environments throughout the Earth's history, are exclusively, though normally partially, dolomitized. Thus, understanding ribbon rock dolomitization may …

Comment On “Sr-Nd Isotope Composition And Clay Mineral Assemblages In Eolian Dust From The Central Philippine Sea Over The Last 600kyr: Implications For The Transport Mechanism Of Asian Dust” By Seo Et Al., Zhaokai Xu, Tiegang Li, Peter D. Clift, Shiming Wan, Mingjiang Cai, Hongjin Chen

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Real-Space Mean-Field Theory Of A Spin-1 Bose Gas In Synthetic Dimensions, Hilary M. Hurst, Justin H. Wilson, J. H. Pixley, I. B. Spielman, Stefan S. Natu

Faculty Publications

The internal degrees of freedom provided by ultracold atoms provide a route for realizing higher dimensional physics in systems with limited spatial dimensions. Nonspatial degrees of freedom in these systems are dubbed "synthetic dimensions." This connection is useful from an experimental standpoint but complicated by the fact that interactions alter the condensate ground state. Here we use the Gross-Pitaevskii equation to study the ground-state properties of a spin-1 Bose gas under the combined influence of an optical lattice, spatially varying spin-orbit coupling, and interactions at the mean-field level. The associated phases depend on the sign of the spin-dependent interaction parameter …

Health-Related Quality Of Life In Older Coastal Residents After Multiple Disasters, Katie E. Cherry, Laura Sampson, Sandro Galea, Loren D. Marks, Kayla H. Boudoin, Pamela F. Nezat, Katie E. Stanko

Faculty Publications

Objective: Exposure to multiple disasters, both natural and technological, is associated with extreme stress and long-term consequences for older adults that are not well understood. In this article, we address age differences in health-related quality of life in older disaster survivors exposed to the 2005 Hurricanes Katrina and Rita and the 2010 BP Deepwater Horizon oil spill and the role played by social engagement in influencing these differences.

Methods: Participants were noncoastal residents, current coastal residents, and current coastal fishers who were economically affected by the BP oil spill. Social engagement was estimated on the basis of disruptions in charitable …

How Flawed Memories Sabotage Your Marriage, Jason B. Whiting

Faculty Publications

Shelby and Stan (names have been changed) were arguing in front of me over an incident at her parent’s house. “We went there for a family barbecue after we first started dating,” Shelby reported. “Stan was just getting to know my family, and he ended up losing his temper and embarrassing me in front of everyone. It was a catastrophe!”

Conducting And Using An Academic Library Data Inventory, Holt Zaugg, Quincey Mckeen, Brett Hill, Ben Black

Faculty Publications

This article describes the need for and the processes used to create an inventory of data collected by an academic library. The study uses a survey augmented by multiple interviews to create and populate an inventory of data. The study was able to identify and sort sources of data generated by library personel based on type of data (demographic, location, log, qualitative, and quantitative) and library division. It indicated the frequency of data collection and use, as well as where the data was stored. Finally, the inventory also identified types of data that are not currently collected but that librarians …

Studying Soft-Matter And Biological Systems Over A Wide Length-Scale From Nanometer And Micrometer Sizes At The Small-Angle Neutron Diffractometer Kws-2, Aurel Radulescu, Noemi Kinga Szekely, Marie Sousai Appavou, Vitaliy Pipich, Thomas Kohnke, Vladimir Ossovyi, Simon Staringer, Gerald J. Schneider, Matthias Amann, Bo Zhang-Haagen, Georg Brandl, Matthias Drochner, Ralf Engels, Romuald Hanslik, Günter Kemmerling

Faculty Publications

© 2016 Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. The KWS-2 SANS diffractometer is dedicated to the investigation of soft matter and biophysical systems covering a wide length scale, from nm to µm. The instrument is optimized for the exploration of the wide momentum transfer Q range between 1x10-4 and 0.5 Å-1 by combining classical pinhole, focusing (with lenses), and time-of-flight (with chopper) methods, while simultaneously providing high-neutron intensities with an adjustable resolution. Because of its ability to adjust the intensity and the resolution within wide limits during the experiment, combined with the possibility to equip specific sample environments and ancillary …

Predictive Modeling Of A Buoyancy-Operated Cooling Tower Under Unsaturated Conditions: Adjoint Sensitivity Model And Optimal Best-Estimate Results With Reduced Predicted Uncertainties, Federico Di Rocco, Dan Gabriel Cacuci

Faculty Publications

Nuclear and other large-scale energy-producing plants must include systems that guarantee the safe discharge of residual heat from the industrial process into the atmosphere. This function is usually performed by one or several cooling towers. The amount of heat released by a cooling tower into the external environment can be quantified by using a numerical simulation model of the physical processes occurring in the respective tower, augmented by experimentally measured data that accounts for external conditions such as outlet air temperature, outlet water temperature, and outlet air relative humidity. The model’s responses of interest depend on many model parameters including …

Enantiomer Signature And Carbon Isotope Evidence For The Migration And Transformation Of Ddts In Arable Soils Across China, Lili Niu, Chao Xu, Siyu Zhu, Huiming Bao, Yang Xu, Hongyi Li, Zhijian Zhang, Xichang Zhang, Jiguo Qiu, Weiping Liu

Faculty Publications

© The Author(s) 2016. Due to the adverse impact of DDTs on ecosystems and humans, a full fate assessment deems a comprehensive study on their occurrence in soils over a large region. Through a sampling campaign across China, we measured the concentrations, enantiomeric fractions (EFs), compound-specific carbon isotope composition of DDT and its metabolites, and the microbial community in related arable soils. The geographically total DDT concentrations are higher in eastern than western China. The EFs and δ13 C of o,p'-DDT in soils from western China show smaller deviations from those of racemic/standard compound, indicating the DDT residues there mainly …

Enantiomer Signature And Carbon Isotope Evidence For The Migration And Transformation Of Ddts In Arable Soils Across China, Lili Niu, Chao Xu, Siyu Zhu, Huiming Bao, Yang Xu, Hongyi Li, Zhijian Zhang, Xichang Zhang, Jiguo Qiu, Weiping Liu

Faculty Publications

© The Author(s) 2016. Due to the adverse impact of DDTs on ecosystems and humans, a full fate assessment deems a comprehensive study on their occurrence in soils over a large region. Through a sampling campaign across China, we measured the concentrations, enantiomeric fractions (EFs), compound-specific carbon isotope composition of DDT and its metabolites, and the microbial community in related arable soils. The geographically total DDT concentrations are higher in eastern than western China. The EFs and δ13 C of o,p'-DDT in soils from western China show smaller deviations from those of racemic/standard compound, indicating the DDT residues there mainly …

Transcription Factor Reb1 Is Required For Proper Transcriptional Start Site Usage At The Divergently Transcribed Tfc6-Esc2 Locus In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Qing Wang, David Donze

Faculty Publications

© 2016 Elsevier B.V. Eukaryotic promoters generally contain nucleosome depleted regions near their transcription start sites. In the model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae, these regions are adjacent to binding sites for general regulatory transcription factors, and the Reb1 protein is commonly bound to promoter DNA near such regions. The yeast TFC6 promoter is a unique RNA polymerase II promoter in that it is autoregulated by its own gene product Tfc6p, which is part of the RNA polymerase III transcription factor complex TFIIIC. We previously demonstrated that mutation of a potential Reb1 binding site adjacent to the TFIIIC binding site in the …

Multilevel Perspective On High-Order Harmonic Generation In Solids, Mengxi Wu, Dana A. Browne, Kenneth J. Schafer, Mette B. Gaarde

Faculty Publications

We investigate high-order harmonic generation in a solid, modeled as a multilevel system dressed by a strong infrared laser field. We show that the cutoff energies and the relative strengths of the multiple plateaus that emerge in the harmonic spectrum can be understood both qualitatively and quantitatively by considering a combination of adiabatic and diabatic processes driven by the strong field. Such a model was recently used to interpret the multiple plateaus exhibited in harmonic spectra generated by solid argon and krypton [G. Ndabashimiye, Nature 534, 520 (2016)NATUAS0028-083610.1038/nature17660]. We also show that when the multilevel system originates from the Bloch …