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Deconstructing Expected Passenger Experience In Aiports, Philip J Kirk, Anna Harrison, Vesna Popovic, Ben Kraal
Deconstructing Expected Passenger Experience In Aiports, Philip J Kirk, Anna Harrison, Vesna Popovic, Ben Kraal
DRS Biennial Conference Series
The effect of passenger satisfaction on airport profitability has been widely acknowledged in the aviation industry. As a result, there has been much attention directed towards developing a deeper understanding of the factors that influence the passenger experience. In this paper, we explore passenger experience from a novel perspective - that of the activities expected to be undertaken by passengers while in the airport terminal building. Using the Taxonomy of Passenger Experience (TOPA) as our framework, we look at the pre-travel interview data of 48 participants. The results of our analysis are used to construct an activity-centred account of the …
Source, A Case Study For The Design Of Precious Moments' Memory, Damien Dupre
Source, A Case Study For The Design Of Precious Moments' Memory, Damien Dupre
DRS Biennial Conference Series
The increasing number of systems that can collect personal data leads individuals to store these memories uncontrollably and unsustainably over time. For example, the archiving of digital images is a problem not only because of the amount of pictures but also because of the extended life of digital memory such as hard drives or USB memory. The need to return to tangible and sustainable data to store and view these precious moments becomes an issue. The Arnano technology is an answer to these difficulties. Thanks to nano engraving information on sapphire disk, data can be backed up and secured for …
Can A Light Switch Be Beautiful? Aesthetic Appreciation Of Products As Means, Odette Da Silva, Nathan Crilly, Paul Hekkert
Can A Light Switch Be Beautiful? Aesthetic Appreciation Of Products As Means, Odette Da Silva, Nathan Crilly, Paul Hekkert
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Research in design aesthetics usually focuses on how products are experienced as they appear to the senses. The everyday experience of products is not an experience of appearance only, though. It can be shaped by knowledge of designers’ intentions gained through sources such as press releases, marketing campaigns, critical reviews, and guesswork. In this paper, we explore the aesthetic appreciation of products in relation to perceived designers’ intentions, as an assessment of means by which designers try to achieve certain aims. We report on an interview study in which participants reflected on a series of products in these terms. The …
Bombs Away: Visual Thinking And Students’ Engagement In Design Studios Contexts, Marianella Chamorro-Koc, Andrew Scott, Gretchen Coombs
Bombs Away: Visual Thinking And Students’ Engagement In Design Studios Contexts, Marianella Chamorro-Koc, Andrew Scott, Gretchen Coombs
DRS Biennial Conference Series
In design studio, sketching or visual thinking is part of processes that assist students to achieve final design solutions. At QUT’s First and Third Year industrial design studio classes we engage in a variety of teaching pedagogies from which we identify ‘Concept Bombs’ as an instrumental in the development of students’ visual thinking and reflective design process, and also as a vehicle to foster positive student engagement. Our ‘formula’: Concept Bombs are 20 minute design tasks focusing on rapid development of initial concept designs and free-hand sketching. Our experience and surveys tell us that students value intensive studio activities especially …
Learning From Others: A Five-Year Experience On Teaching Empathic Design, Caroline Gagnon, ValéRie CôTé
Learning From Others: A Five-Year Experience On Teaching Empathic Design, Caroline Gagnon, ValéRie CôTé
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Design is about making our world a better place. Design education is a key factor in improving the quality of life and we have to teach our future designers to be better listeners, observers, storytellers and creators. A toolbox to help aspiring designers to seek insight through the aesthetic experience of others is essential to develop their empathic abilities and to learn how to think outside the box. However, it is surprising to realize that only a few design schools offer courses, let alone approaches, to engage in such methodology. This kind of toolbox was created in a pedagogical integration …
Interaction And Service Design As Offering Perspectives In A Space Of Action, Mattias Arvola
Interaction And Service Design As Offering Perspectives In A Space Of Action, Mattias Arvola
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This paper makes the proposition that interaction and service design can be seen as offering perspectives in a space of action where acting agents grasp a finite perspective depending on objects of concern and equipment, and then reorganize the space. The meaning of this proposition is outlined in the paper, and it also presents a case study of client meetings at banks, which illustrates the proposition. That case show how equipment was used in the background while the clerk attended the client. The clerk made things available for the client in their shared region, directing the client’s perspective on the …
Translating Smells Into Colors: A Proposal For Improve The Perception Of Perfume Packaging Design, Camila Assis Peres Silva, Clice Sanjar Mazzilli
Translating Smells Into Colors: A Proposal For Improve The Perception Of Perfume Packaging Design, Camila Assis Peres Silva, Clice Sanjar Mazzilli
DRS Biennial Conference Series
The present paper is an exploratory research within packaging design for perfumes. It discusses about the possibility of enhancing the experience of the user by associating the visual language with the smells. It is common sense in the design field the importance of user experience. Designers from different areas have been discussing a way of enhance it. One of the approaches which appear in this scenario is the term (multi)sensorial. It is believed in the contribution of this approach for the packaging design. It is interest of the authors the use of color as a language in design able to …
Mapping A Design Innovation Process Within A Multinational Corporation– A Design Perspective To Using Delphi Technique, Mersha Aftab, Robert Young
Mapping A Design Innovation Process Within A Multinational Corporation– A Design Perspective To Using Delphi Technique, Mersha Aftab, Robert Young
DRS Biennial Conference Series
The aim for the research was to proclaim Delphi technique as an appropriate tool to explicitly define the Philips Design strategic design innovation process and align the two fragments of the Research Development and Innovation team; the thinkers involved in making strategies for the breakthrough innovation and practitioners who were involved in protecting the core business for the organisation. The aim was met by identifying a six-step approach incorporating Delphi technique, all participant workshops and one-on-one interviews. The approach enabled audit of design outputs for the functional leadership programme, explicitly defining the roles of involved stakeholders and communicating the process …
The Chef As Designer: Classifying The Techniques That Chefs Use In Creating Innovative Dishes, Barry Kudrowitz, Oxborough, Jaz Choi, Emily Stover
The Chef As Designer: Classifying The Techniques That Chefs Use In Creating Innovative Dishes, Barry Kudrowitz, Oxborough, Jaz Choi, Emily Stover
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This qualitative study explores the methods that chefs use to create innovative marketable product and compares these findings to other design tools. This study is based on a series of interviews with locally recognized chefs in Minnesota and observations of them in their kitchens in order to understand the details of how they conceive and develop dishes from preliminary concept to final plating and user consumption. This paper focuses on idea generation and discusses two key findings: first, the variety of idea generation techniques presented by the chefs can be classified into the creativity tool SCAMPER (substitute, combine, adapt, modify/magnify, …
The Design Alphabet For Textiles As Applied Method At The Frontiers Of Textile Design Research, Andrea Weber Marin, Isabel Rosa Mueggler Zumstein, Françoise Adler, Janine Haeberle, Kim Poldner
The Design Alphabet For Textiles As Applied Method At The Frontiers Of Textile Design Research, Andrea Weber Marin, Isabel Rosa Mueggler Zumstein, Françoise Adler, Janine Haeberle, Kim Poldner
DRS Biennial Conference Series
In applied textile design research between institutions and industry members the project groups are mainly interdisciplinary and it is therefore necessary to find agreement on the design vision in order to achieve results successfully and to communicate with the partners from different fields. Our textile design research method (TDRM) addresses this kind of interdisciplinary framework for design research in order to structure the collaboration within our practice-based context. The method consists of four steps, which have been identified as being crucial to the application of product language to textile design research projects: 1) Design Vision; 2) Systematic experiments; 3) Design …
Transforming User Information Into User Knowledge: A Multiple Case Study, Isil Oygur
Transforming User Information Into User Knowledge: A Multiple Case Study, Isil Oygur
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This paper reports a multiple case study conducted at six design consultancies from the fields of architecture, industrial design, and interior design. The data was collected through short-term field studies at each consultancy. The focus was on exploring how designers know about users while designing. According to the constructivist learning theory, the learner is not a passive receiver of information. Instead, learning requires construction of knowledge from information. In line with this theory, it was observed that in their design process, designers at studied consultancies did not always utilize the user information available to them as it is. Instead, designers’ …
Adaptable Interface Model For Intuitively Learnable Interfaces: An Approach To Address Diversity In Older Users' Capabilities, Gudur Raghavendra Reddy, Thea Blackler, Vesna Popovic, Doug Mahar
Adaptable Interface Model For Intuitively Learnable Interfaces: An Approach To Address Diversity In Older Users' Capabilities, Gudur Raghavendra Reddy, Thea Blackler, Vesna Popovic, Doug Mahar
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This study started with the aim to develop an approach that will help designers create interfaces that are more intuitive for older adults to use. Two objectives were set for this study: 1) to investigate one of the possible strategies for developing intuitive interfaces for older people; and 2) to investigate factors that could interfere with intuitive use. This paper briefly presents the outcome of the two experiments and how it has lead to the development of an adaptable interface design model that will help designers develop interfaces that are intuitive to learn and, over time, intuitive to use for …
Research-Based Design And Research Through Design: A Case Study Of The Improvement In The User Experience Of An Autism Caregiver Using Ict, Chun-Meng Cheng, Hsien-Hui Tang, Miao-En Chien, Ni-Miao Lin, Mike Y. Chen
Research-Based Design And Research Through Design: A Case Study Of The Improvement In The User Experience Of An Autism Caregiver Using Ict, Chun-Meng Cheng, Hsien-Hui Tang, Miao-En Chien, Ni-Miao Lin, Mike Y. Chen
DRS Biennial Conference Series
There is a long history in design study of focusing on designers, but this does not connect well with industry and the end products of design. With the emerging importance of user experience (UX), we argue that what is needed is a new kind of design study that focuses on users, relates to the end products, and results in mutual benefits for research and practice. It is both “research-based design” and “research through design”. The design process of iCAN was used to demonstrate a new kind of design study that combines both design research and design practice. iCAN is an …
What Can Urbanism Be? Problematizing The Design Of Cities, Aseem Inam
What Can Urbanism Be? Problematizing The Design Of Cities, Aseem Inam
DRS Biennial Conference Series
In this paper, I highlight a number of different ways of defining and describing the field conventionally known as urban design, which I problematize by broadening, deepening, and calling urbanism and which I re-define as city-design-and-building processes and their spatial products. These ways include morphological definitions, as a default focus, as the keeper of the public realm, through lists of categories, as a map of bodies of knowledge, as a field of research, as different modes of practice, via models for understanding and making cities, and practical “how-to” approaches such as best practices. I describe and critique each of these …
User Diversity In Design For Behavior Change, Aykut Coskun, Cigdem Erbug
User Diversity In Design For Behavior Change, Aykut Coskun, Cigdem Erbug
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Recently, using design to change user behavior for the purpose of sustainability has gained considerable interest. One of the essential aspects of design for behavior change is to choose the right design intervention strategy for the right behaviors and for the right individuals. In this respect, consideration of different user characteristics when designing for behavior change is critical to ensure positive behavior change. This paper argues that user diversity can be addressed by grouping users with similar characteristics into different user types. It provides a framework and a methodology to create these user types based on psychological variables including global …
Designing For Democracy: Using Design Activism To Renegotiate The Roles And Rights For Patients, Eva Knutz, Thomas Markussen, Signe Mårbjerg Thomsen, Jette Ammentorp
Designing For Democracy: Using Design Activism To Renegotiate The Roles And Rights For Patients, Eva Knutz, Thomas Markussen, Signe Mårbjerg Thomsen, Jette Ammentorp
DRS Biennial Conference Series
In this paper we focus on ‘patient-democracy’ and ‘shared decision-making’ seen from the perspective of design practice and design research. In the research on democracy in healthcare it is rarely questioned what forms of democracy underlies these concepts. We have examined three different theories of democracy and the democratic practices that belong to each of these. For designers working to increase patient democracy it is of vital importance to be able to distinguish different structures underlying democratic practices and to work out methods for prototyping democracy. In design research there are already a number of approaches available which in one …
Enhancing Visual Meaning: Measuring Visual Communication Design Effectiveness, David Craib:, Lorenzo Imbesi
Enhancing Visual Meaning: Measuring Visual Communication Design Effectiveness, David Craib:, Lorenzo Imbesi
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Visual messages are pervasive throughout modern societies, being continually disseminated and consumed through various channels, such as portable communication technologies, computers, television and print. Visual communication designers are tasked to create and produce highly perceivable and meaningful visual messages that populate these visual channels, but lack the science-based tools to ensure their designs are effective before they are disseminated. A set of visual communication design criteria and tools, aimed to increase design research effectiveness, will be derived through research focusing on three communicationrelated disciplines, including perception psychology, data visualization, and semiotics. These criteria and tools will then be applied to …
Wearing Two Hats: Reflecting Alongside Authentic Designing, Simon Bowen, Andy Dearden, Matt Dexter
Wearing Two Hats: Reflecting Alongside Authentic Designing, Simon Bowen, Andy Dearden, Matt Dexter
DRS Biennial Conference Series
To be useful in research enquiry, design practice should be authentic and include reflection on and in practice, creating a tension for those with the dual role of ‘designerresearcher’. Designerly thinking and human-centred and participatory design characterise authentic practice and reinforce its applicability as research through design or Action Research. To move from contributions of specifically what/how to design to more transferable principles, designer-researchers should: provide accessible accounts of practice; evaluate the relevance or workability of what is designed; in AR, ensure stakeholder collaboration throughout; and, ensure systematic reflection on practice. Schön (1983) and Gedenryd (1998) explain reflection in design …
Beyond Methods: Co-Creation From A Practice-Oriented Perspective, Elisa Ruhl, Christoph Richter, Julia Lembke, Heidrun Allert
Beyond Methods: Co-Creation From A Practice-Oriented Perspective, Elisa Ruhl, Christoph Richter, Julia Lembke, Heidrun Allert
DRS Biennial Conference Series
The “co-experiences” are booming. The trend of complex interdisciplinary projects makes co-creation a more and more common way of working, but also changes the conditions for co-creation. How these co-creation processes are structured and conceived is a longstanding debate in the field of design with a main focus on the chosen methods or the underlying mind-set. However, co-creation could also be approached from a practiceoriented perspective, a view already hinted for in the existing literature. To motivate a practice-oriented perspective on co-creation and to spot the added value of it, critical-incidents of an on-going R&D-project are described and discussed against …
Hacking Delivery Systems: Exploring Design Tools For User-Led Innovation In Urban Infrastructures, Lorenzo Davoli, Johan Redström, Ruben Van Der Vleuten
Hacking Delivery Systems: Exploring Design Tools For User-Led Innovation In Urban Infrastructures, Lorenzo Davoli, Johan Redström, Ruben Van Der Vleuten
DRS Biennial Conference Series
There is an emerging set of needs in our post-industrial society that require a contextual sensitivity and local flexibility that traditional industrial infrastructures seem to lack. As a response, distributed small-scale forms of production and collaborative services are being developed, providing the foundations for more resilient and responsive infrastructures. Using urban freight delivery services as a case, this paper presents a possible approach to accessing and expressing the back end functioning of a large formal industrial urban infrastructure in order to make it accessible to bottom-up innovation. The postal service has been used as a test bed for two small …
Why ‘Design Research Practice’ Is Not Design As We Know It, Tara Mullaney, Erik Stolterman
Why ‘Design Research Practice’ Is Not Design As We Know It, Tara Mullaney, Erik Stolterman
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Is there a difference between design practice and design research practice? Building on recent discussions within design research about whether the design practice which occurs within design research is distinct and separate from the design practice which occurs within the design profession, this paper presents a case where constructive design practice was employed within a research project, using this example to study the nature of the design process in research. Through a thorough analysis of the designs generated, the motivations behind their development, their use as research tools, and the knowledge they generated, we identified three ways in which the …
Designers In Complex Problem Solving: The Contribution Of Systems Thinking, John Darzentas, Jenny Darzentas
Designers In Complex Problem Solving: The Contribution Of Systems Thinking, John Darzentas, Jenny Darzentas
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This paper, attempts to provide a useful perspective of Systems Thinking’s contribution to Design’s theoretical grounding for both research and education. ‘Useful’ in the sense that it will equip design students and graduate professionals with a supportive and productive way of thinking about Design. This is viewed against the trend of more and more multidisciplinary design problems emerging where designers are asked to deal with the complexity which is inherent in such problems. Thus this discourse is also framed in understandings of interdisciplinarity and further, transdisciplinarity, to attempt to gain some traction on these heterogeneous domains. Such domains are subject …
Design Effectiveness: Building Customer Satisfaction And Loyalty Through Design, Ki Woong Nam, Bruce W. Carnie
Design Effectiveness: Building Customer Satisfaction And Loyalty Through Design, Ki Woong Nam, Bruce W. Carnie
DRS Biennial Conference Series
The contribution of design is regarded as one of the most crucial factors in business. However, there remains ambiguity about how design affects the building of customer satisfaction and loyalty. Furthermore, in terms of any business situation, the output of design efforts and investment should arguably be greater than management expect in order to be recognised as a worthy investment. This paper presents a novel combined conceptual framework of the design audit and value typology. By employing design embedded business theories, design value can be both assessed. Taking Freeman’s stakeholder theory and conflating this with Holbrook’s typology of value, a …
From Bop To Top And Vice Versa: Daily Practices In Settings With Limited Resources To Inspire Designers, Eleonora Ibragimova, Annemiek Van Boeijen
From Bop To Top And Vice Versa: Daily Practices In Settings With Limited Resources To Inspire Designers, Eleonora Ibragimova, Annemiek Van Boeijen
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This paper reviews the methods and practices that reflect subconscious behaviours of people in daily lives. Cases, studied for this paper, show how practices of people living in poor settings, who are members of the base of the economic pyramid, contribute to designers, belonging to the top of the economic pyramid, in designing better products and systems. A new approach to the bottom-up innovation is suggested where the source of inspiration comes from the BoP populations to be implemented by ToP designers to generate ideas for BoP or ToP products.
Intention-Centred Design Education: Beyond Methods And Techniques, Ylva Fernaeus, Anders Lundström
Intention-Centred Design Education: Beyond Methods And Techniques, Ylva Fernaeus, Anders Lundström
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Design work can be driven from a variety of intentions, e.g. to serve users, to generate profit, to explore a new concept, or to trigger reflection and debate. However, it is not always clear how such intentions can be addressed concretely in education, and in specific design domains, such as interaction design, they might easily get lost among course content related to specific methods and technologies. In this paper, we discuss how we have addressed design intentions in our advanced course in interaction design, and also what we see as its main qualities in relation to more conventional course structure …
Envisioning A Better Design Education: How Language Can Invite Or Discourage Collaboration, Angela L. Dow, Susanna Kelly Engbers
Envisioning A Better Design Education: How Language Can Invite Or Discourage Collaboration, Angela L. Dow, Susanna Kelly Engbers
DRS Biennial Conference Series
The possibilities for collaboration among faculty teaching in various disciplines in an art and design college are often limited by the language we use to analyze, create, and discuss our work. Although there may, in fact, be a great deal of overlap, our language sometimes obscures rather than clarifies the possibility of productive and fruitful overlap. Our paper—itself the fruit of a collaboration between a professor of graphic design and a professor of English—discusses the ways in which various constituent groups at our college talk about visuals (e.g., logos, advertisements, interiors, photographs, illustrations, etc), noting the ways in which our …
Experience Design Framework For Securing Large Scale Information And Communication Systems, Azadeh Nematzadeh, Omar Sosa-Tzec
Experience Design Framework For Securing Large Scale Information And Communication Systems, Azadeh Nematzadeh, Omar Sosa-Tzec
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Securing Information and Communication Systems (ICSs) is a highly complex process due in large part to the feedback relationship that holds between the users and the system and its ‘ecosystem’ of usage. Such a relationship is critical for experience designers. The design of secure systems can thereby be enhanced by using principles from disciplines where similar relations hold, such as security engineering and adaptive systems. In this work, we propose a user experience design framework based on six principles and use a social networking system as an example of its application. The proposed design principles are grounded in complex systems …
Design For Emotional Well-Being: A Tactile And A Material Investigation, Alexandra Abalada
Design For Emotional Well-Being: A Tactile And A Material Investigation, Alexandra Abalada
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This paper presents how the research through design approach contributed to drive the exploration on design for emotional well-being on cognitively impaired children, who have visual and memory disabilities. A user understanding was gained through iterative process between research and practice. The tactile investigation and the responsible coupling between the physical and the computational materials are a key strategy to evoke positive emotions. The motivation is to define appropriate emotional effects through the combination of the physical and computational materials and gather relevant user information, using video to reflect on the initial designs, to envision how these emotional effects can …
From Product To Effect Towards A Human Centered Model Of Product Impact, Steven Fokkinga, Paul Hekkert, Pieter Desmet, Elif Özcan
From Product To Effect Towards A Human Centered Model Of Product Impact, Steven Fokkinga, Paul Hekkert, Pieter Desmet, Elif Özcan
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This paper introduces a human-centered model of product impact, which involves all experiential and behavioral effects that can result from human-product interaction. It proposes two levels of impact: the ‘product interaction’ level and the ‘overall effect’ level. The product interaction level concerns the product experiences that result directly from the user-product interaction. The overall effect level concerns the behavioral and experiential effects on the user and other people, in which the product is not the center of attention anymore. On the first level, the user experience is conceptually divided in aesthetical experience, emotional experience and experience of meaning. The second …
Creating Organisational Knowledge Through Strategic Business Model Design, Luke Feast
Creating Organisational Knowledge Through Strategic Business Model Design, Luke Feast
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Innovation requires teams to create knowledge through integrating insights from different domains. However, the innovative power that interdisciplinary approaches bring can also increase complexity. Consequently, collaboration is required to support design activity. I take the position that while Horst Rittel’s argumentative approach provides a crucial point of departure for understanding collaborative design, the tools and methods developed within this research stream have remained focused on capturing design decisions to act as a memory aid. In contrast, I argue that the argumentative approach to design should aim to create organisational knowledge through critical inquiry. Drawing on insights from a recent empirical …