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Illustrations, Francis Drouet, William A. Daily
Illustrations, Francis Drouet, William A. Daily
Butler University Botanical Studies
The photomicrographs were made from herbarium material mounted in water or dilute solutions of detergents on mica slips or glass slides. At the magnification and with the equipment used, 1 millimeter equals 2.0 microns.
Differential Selection In Juniper Populations From The Baum Limestone And Trinity Sand Of Southern Oklahoma, Marion T. Hall, Claudia J. Carr
Differential Selection In Juniper Populations From The Baum Limestone And Trinity Sand Of Southern Oklahoma, Marion T. Hall, Claudia J. Carr
Butler University Botanical Studies
Two markedly different geologic formations, the Baum limestone and Trinity sand and an area of intermixed talus were compared for several physical attributes and these correlated with the structure of the plant communities occupying them and with the variability of a conspicuous constituent for each of the three habitats. (1) Juniperus Ashei occupies the Baum Limestone in nearly pure stands, but with wide spacing, while the general cover consists of Bouteloua hirsula and Andropogon scoparius. The limestone has a high carbonate content, high hygroscopic coefficient, low soil moisture. (2) Juniperus virginiana occupies the Trinity sand on cleared, reverted land …
Development Of A Chemically Defined Medium For Biosynthesis Of Capreomycin By Streptomyces Capreolus, Laverne D. Boeck
Development Of A Chemically Defined Medium For Biosynthesis Of Capreomycin By Streptomyces Capreolus, Laverne D. Boeck
Butler University Botanical Studies
A complex organic medium had been developed for this organism, but a chemically defined medium was not available. A number of carbohydrates were tested and it was determined that pentoses, glucose, starch, and dextrine produced the best antibiotic yields. A combination of glucose and dextrine was chosen for routine use. Use of five amino acids: L-asparagine, glycine, L-alanine, L-leucine and L-histidine gave the highest antibiotic yields. High levels of leucine were tolerated by the organism and were in some instances very helpful to antibiotic yields, but no single amino acid was essential and various combinations could be used. It was …
A Survey Of The Ecology Of Tecoma Stans, John Pelton
A Survey Of The Ecology Of Tecoma Stans, John Pelton
Butler University Botanical Studies
Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex H.B.K., a shrub or small tree in the Bignoniaceae, is a widely distributed polymorphic complex of the Western Hemisphere tropics and subtropics, and is commonly planted as an ornamental throughout the tropical world. Winter temperature limits its poleward distribution. The species is characteristic of rocky slopes, often limestone outcrops, but also alluvial and other substrata as long as drainage is excellent. In arid regions it occurs in climax xerophytic shrub or thorn forest communities, while in humid areas it is common mainly in deforested and other disturbed sites since it behaves as a heliophyte. The …
Biosynthesis Of Glutamic Acid, Wee Chong Tan, Bernard Malin
Biosynthesis Of Glutamic Acid, Wee Chong Tan, Bernard Malin
Butler University Botanical Studies
An unknown microorganism was isolated from the soil by using defined selective medium. It could synthesize glutamic acid from glucose and urea. When subjected to repeated ultra-violet light and X-ray irradiations, and after process of screening, the organism had increased the yield of glutamic acid biosynthesis up to 10 mgm per ml of broth. The pathway of glutamic acid biosynthesis is unknown. Evidence indicated that the TCA cycle was probably not involved. The microorganism could be a new species of Micrococcus.
Notes On Cultivated Junipers, Marion T. Hall
Notes On Cultivated Junipers, Marion T. Hall
Butler University Botanical Studies
The genus Juniperus is the third largest in the coniferales, and its many species are not only widespread but also extensively cultivated. Several factors make the classifying of horticultural junipers both difficult and confusing. First, the species are ill-defined since there are few good key characters and few qualitative characters. The numerous quantitative characters vary considerably. The characteristics of the reproductive organs, fruit characters, vary as much as those of the vegetative body. Secondly, natural hybridization at the species level is widespread and the recombinations are occasionally bizarre. Thirdly, horticultural selection is made by man without concomitant analysis of the …
The Genus Sphaerellopsis In Indiana, Rex N. Webster
The Genus Sphaerellopsis In Indiana, Rex N. Webster
Butler University Botanical Studies
A new alga was recorded for Marion County in the State of Indiana in May, 1960, when a sample of water from a small fish pond on the property of Professor William Cupp, near the Butler University campus, was found to contain a large number of individuals of Sphaerellopsis fluviatilis Pascher. No previous report of the occurrence of this genus in Indiana is listed in the flora records of the state.
Family Ii. Chamaesiphonaceae, Francis Drouet, William A. Daily
Family Ii. Chamaesiphonaceae, Francis Drouet, William A. Daily
Butler University Botanical Studies
In this family, the plants, originally unicellular, grow eventually into strata or cushions from which filaments of cells penetrate the substratum. The solitary cells are basically attached to the substratum by a sheath of gelatinous material; cell division proceeds, at right angles to the axis of the cell, in an unequal fashion: the apical daughter cell is as a rule much smaller than the basal daughter cell. The upper part of the sheath is burst open, and the small daughter cell passes out of the mother cell sheath or develops in silu within the open sheath.
Volume 12 Cover, J. E. Potzger
Volume 12 Cover, J. E. Potzger
Butler University Botanical Studies
The cover and publication information for Volume 12
History Of Classification, Francis Drouet, William A. Daily
History Of Classification, Francis Drouet, William A. Daily
Butler University Botanical Studies
If botanists prior to 1777 encountered species of coccoid Myxophyceae, they probably referred them to the Linnaean genera Byssus, Tremella, or Ulva. J. Lightfoot in his Flora Scotica (1777) named a conspicuous gelatinous alga from wet places on the Isle of Skye Ulva montana (Anacystis montana of this paper). K Sprengel in Flora Halensis, Mantissa (1807) described green globules floating in a lake near Halle as Coccochloris stagnina During the period of 1790-1850, numerous genera and species were published.
Revision Of The Coccoid Myxophyceae, Francis Drouet, William A. Daily
Revision Of The Coccoid Myxophyceae, Francis Drouet, William A. Daily
Butler University Botanical Studies
This study originated as an inquiry, some twenty years ago, into what names should be employed for species of coccoid Myxophyceae found in general collections of algae from various parts of the world. Gradually we accumulated and examined many thousands of specimens. Equally gradually it became apparent to us that only a carefully executed revision of the group, with sufficient attention paid to the morphological variation and life history of each species and with strict adherence to the stern discipline of the science of historical taxonomy, would produce a classification and a nomenclature which would satisfy our desire.
Location Of Specimens And Acknowledgments, Francis Drouet, William A. Daily
Location Of Specimens And Acknowledgments, Francis Drouet, William A. Daily
Butler University Botanical Studies
Herbaria in which specimens cited are to be found are indicated in the lists below by means of the following abbreviations. We are greatly indebted to the persons and institutions and their staffs who have made their collections available for this study.
Preservation And Microscopical Techniques, Francis Drouet, William A. Daily
Preservation And Microscopical Techniques, Francis Drouet, William A. Daily
Butler University Botanical Studies
Permanent preservation of these algae is most adequately assured by drying. The dried specimens can be placed in paper packets, labeled, and stored in the herbarium. Since most of the species thrive best in subaerial or temporarily inundated habitats, they exist for much of the year in the dried condition in nature. Wet algae can be laid top-side up on paper and allowed to dry in the open air. Drying in a plant press excludes the air, so that autolyzation of the protoplasm takes place; drying with heat often destroys the cells by cooking. If possible, part of the substratum …
Family Iii: Clastidiaceae, Francis Drouet, William A. Daily
Family Iii: Clastidiaceae, Francis Drouet, William A. Daily
Butler University Botanical Studies
Plants of this family are elongate epiphytic unicells contained in thin gelatinous sheaths. The entire protoplast divides into a uniseriaer chain of rounded cells which often remain united by their membranes after the hydrolyzation of the sheath. The cells, upon separation from each other, elongate and secrete new gelatinous sheaths.
Nomina Excludenda, Francis Drouet, William A. Daily
Nomina Excludenda, Francis Drouet, William A. Daily
Butler University Botanical Studies
The following names have been described on the bases of material not included in the families treated above. Most of these names were originally described as members of the Chroococcaceae, Chamaesiphonaceae, or Clastidiaceae; or were transferred into those families at one time or another; or have been suspected as being members of those families. Where the original specimens have not been available for study, we have designated the original description as the temporary Type, to serve until specimens seen by the author can be found.
Index, Francis Drouet, William A. Daily
Index, Francis Drouet, William A. Daily
Butler University Botanical Studies
Index of this volume.
Forest Communities In Versailles State Park, Indiana, Forest Stearns
Forest Communities In Versailles State Park, Indiana, Forest Stearns
Butler University Botanical Studies
Continuity of observation over an extended period of time is a difficult but vital phase of the study of the natural vegetation of any area. Such continuity is difficult to obtain. The vegetation may be destroyed or the investigator may move before sufficient time has elapsed to permit any significant development. Dr. J. E. Potzger realized the difficulties inherent in a long-time study but he also considered such studies valuable. Hence in 1950 he and Mrs. Potzger published the results of their studies on several areas in Versailles State Park. These were planned as the ground work for a long-time …
Morphology, Francis Drouet, William A. Daily
Morphology, Francis Drouet, William A. Daily
Butler University Botanical Studies
The plant -- this term is employed here to indicate a single free cell or a group of cells joined together, usually in a gelatinous matrix. A specimen or single collection may contain many plants of one or few cells mixed with other algae; it may be a single entire globule, cushion, or stratum, or a part of one of these. In the Chroococcaceae and some species of Entophysalis, plants of the same species may be found in the form of strata, cushions, or globules (both microscopic and macroscopic), or as free unattached cells.
Additions And Corrections, Francis Drouet, William A. Daily
Additions And Corrections, Francis Drouet, William A. Daily
Butler University Botanical Studies
Additions and corrections
Family I. Chroococcaceae, Part 1, Francis Drouet, William A. Daily
Family I. Chroococcaceae, Part 1, Francis Drouet, William A. Daily
Butler University Botanical Studies
Most of the species of Chroococcaceae are capable of developing in various ways: as microscopic or macroscopic globular aquatic plants with homogeneous or lamellose matrices; as aquatic, subaerial, or aetial strata or cushions; or as free single cells where the sheath material has completely hydrolyzed. The cells, their methods of division and regeneration, and the arrangement of the cells in the plant are the chief means of distinguishing genera and species. Division of a cell into two equal daughter-cells is characteristic of the family.
The Forest Primeval Of Indiana As Recorded In The Original U.S. Land Surveys And An Evaluation Of Previous Interpretations Of Indiana Vegatation, John E. Potzger, Margaret Esther Potzger, Jack Mccormick
The Forest Primeval Of Indiana As Recorded In The Original U.S. Land Surveys And An Evaluation Of Previous Interpretations Of Indiana Vegatation, John E. Potzger, Margaret Esther Potzger, Jack Mccormick
Butler University Botanical Studies
Between 1799 and 1846, the territory which now comprises the State of Indiana was divided by the United States public land survey into six-mile-square townships as a prerequisite for the equitable distribution of public lands. Each township, in turn, was subdivided into 36 sections one-mile square. Section and quarter-section corners, as well as a number of intermediate points, were marked by blazing trees. The location, name, and diameter of more than 214,500 "witness trees," composed of more than 80 species and generic groups, were recorded in the Indiana surveyors' journals. These journals and the maps compiled from them, records inscribed …
Friesner Memorial Table Of Contents
Friesner Memorial Table Of Contents
Butler University Botanical Studies
Table of contents for Friesner memorial pages.
Index V. 11, 1953-1954, J. E. Potzger
Index V. 11, 1953-1954, J. E. Potzger
Butler University Botanical Studies
Index of the contents of this volume
Dr. Friesner, Botanist-Teacher, J. Johanna Jones
Dr. Friesner, Botanist-Teacher, J. Johanna Jones
Butler University Botanical Studies
With the passing of Dr. Ray C. Friesner, Indiana has lost one of her most active field botanists and teachers. For more than thirty years, Dr. Friesner hiked the woods and fields of Indiana, collecting and identifying plants to swell the records of Indiana flora. As a teacher and scientist, he inspired many students with his example of industry, study, and vision.
Temperature Inversions In The Pinyon-Juniper Zone Of A Nevada Mountain Range, W. D. Billings
Temperature Inversions In The Pinyon-Juniper Zone Of A Nevada Mountain Range, W. D. Billings
Butler University Botanical Studies
Prominent on the sides of the Great Basin mountain ranges of Nevada is an open woodland zone of small conifers in which the dominants are pinyon (Pinus monophylla T. and F.) and juniper (Juniperus osteosperma (Torr.) Little). It is apparent even to the casual observer that this dark green zone is almost entirely restricted to the slopes; the grayish sagebrush valley bottoms are treeless except for willows and cottonwoods along the drainages. Also treeless are most of the ridges and peaks which rise above the two or three thousand vertical feet covered by the woodland. Within the dwarf …
Dean Ray C. Friesner (A Tribute)
Dean Ray C. Friesner (A Tribute)
Butler University Botanical Studies
The moral and intellectual greatness of a University depends primarily upon the qualities of heart and mind which animate the men who make and direct its policies and teach its students. That man is touched by sublimity whose life is marked at once by love of God, Man, and of Nature, and who renders to each a just tribute. Such a one was Ray C. Friesner, of late our Dean and Colleague in this Faculty.
Alpine Timberlines In The Americas And Their Interpretation, R. Daubenmire
Alpine Timberlines In The Americas And Their Interpretation, R. Daubenmire
Butler University Botanical Studies
The literature of plant geography has long contained references to the facts that (1) in progressing from the poles toward the equator, alpine timberline increases in elevation above sea level, and that (2) the elevation of this timberline exhibits considerable variation at any one latitude on different mountain systems. More recently a third fact concerning the geography of this vegetation boundary has been documented; the latitude-altitude relationship is not rectilinear.
Bibliography Of The Late Ray C. Friesner
Bibliography Of The Late Ray C. Friesner
Butler University Botanical Studies
A bibliography of the writings of Ray C. Friesner.
Preservation Of Some Algal Cultures By Lyophilization, W. A. Daily, J. M. Mcguire
Preservation Of Some Algal Cultures By Lyophilization, W. A. Daily, J. M. Mcguire
Butler University Botanical Studies
Lyophilization has come to be widely used as a means of maintaining viable cultures of microorganisms in a desiccated state. Experimental application of this method of preservation in the algal group was therefore undertaken.
Post-Algonquin And Post-Nipissing Forest History Of Isle Royale, Michigan, J. E. Potzger
Post-Algonquin And Post-Nipissing Forest History Of Isle Royale, Michigan, J. E. Potzger
Butler University Botanical Studies
Isle Royale, the largest island in our Great Lakes, is located in the northwestern part of Lake Superior, 50 miles nw. of the Keweenaw Peninsula, 20 miles se. of the Canadian mainland, and 19 miles east of Grand Portage, Minnesota. Maximum elevation is 1300 feet, but most of the higher center ridge does not exceed 1,000 feet. Present altitude of Lake Superior is 602 feet.