Digital Commons Network^™

Knowing Institutions Or Knowing Co-Citizens: Two Understandings Of Information Literacy And Citizenship, Martin Nord

Western Journal of Graduate Research

No abstract provided.

Highlighting Lessons Learned From The 2017 Western Research Forum, Beatriz Ysabel Domingo

Western Journal of Graduate Research

No abstract provided.

A Message From The Vice-Provost School Of Graduate And Postdoctoral Studies, Linda Miller

Western Journal of Graduate Research

No abstract provided.

Citizenship Education In A Fragile State: Ngo Programs For Democratic Development And Youth Participation In Haiti, Gary W.J. Pluim

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

This research centres on NGO citizenship education programs in Haiti to better understand youth experiences, outcomes, and perceptions of democracy. The findings from this study illustrate how programs from Western-based NGOs with liberal democratic traditions typically construct citizenship education in relation to the individual agency of the learners, whereas youth living in the context of fragility note the prerequisite for stable social structures as a foundation for citizenship. Through multi-dimensional analyses, this article highlights the importance of historical perspectives, the value of comparing disparate societies, and the necessity to explicate social locations in cross-cultural research. The concluding proposition states that …

The Lead-Up To The Education For All Conference In 1990: Framing The Global Consensus, Vandra Lea Masemann

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

This paper gives an account of the author's experience on the Steering Group of the Education for All Conference from 1989 to 1990. The main purpose is to give a firsthand account, based on primary sources, of the discussions that took place in the meetings and the editing of the documents leading up to the EFA Conference in Jomtien. This participant-observer account is based on draft documents circulated and verbatim notes taken during the preparation stage and the conference itself. The conclusion is that the original neo-liberal economic approach to improving basic education was retained in the final documents because …

50 Years Of The Ciesc - Looking Back And Envisioning Forward: Reflections From Past-Presidents, Cecille Depass, Nombuso Dlamini, Peter Fan, Marianne Larsen, Suzanne Majhanovich, Vandra Masemann, Deo Poonwassie, Allan Pitman, Sonia Aujla-Bhullar, Grazia Scoppio

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

This paper stems from the panel of past Presidents of the Comparative and International Education Society (CIESC) that was part of the 2017 conference of the CIESC. The theme of the panel was “Looking Back, Visioning Forward: The Promise of Comparative and International Education” and the panelists were asked to present their perspectives based on their experiences as past Presidents of the Society. Their reflections were gathered to create this combined piece, in order to capture their insights on the past, present and future of comparative and international education.

"No Stopping The Gift Of Knowledge": Reflections On A Nālandā Concept Of International Education, Kumari Beck

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

no need for this

The Quantitative Turn In Transitional Justice Research: What Have We Learned About Impact?, Brandon Stewart, Eric Wiebelhaus-Brahm

Transitional Justice Review

In recent years, scholars have increasingly turned to quantitative research methods to understand the impact of transitional justice (TJ) on societies emerging from periods of violence and repression. This research often seeks to influence policy diffusion by making bold claims based upon large datasets of TJ events that span space and time. However, the policy advice from the first wave of quantitative research is inconsistent if not contradictory. In this article, we outline a range of methodological issues that help to explain the different conclusions reached by these studies, including sampling strategies, model construction, and the measurement of key variables. …

No Justice Without Narratives:Transition, Justice And The Khmer Rouge Trials, Tallyn Gray Dr

Transitional Justice Review

The article addresses the relationship between the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC) and the supposed constituents of that transitional justice institution. The article sets out to offer a sociological methodology that TJ mechanism could contemplate in the process of enabling victims/witnesses to narrate justice and transition in their own terms and using Cambodia as a case study. It offers a theoretical and methodological approach to be reflected upon by transitional justice scholars and practitioners, which may enable a more victim-centered attitude in practical interactions with atrocity survivors ( not a cure-all policy solution ). My own research …

Time For Change: Aid, Ngos, And Transitional Justice In Bosnia-Herzegovina, Arnaud Kurze

Transitional Justice Review

This article examines Scandinavian donor practices in Bosnia-Herzegovina (BiH) with regards to post-conflict justice activities. BiH has been a laboratory of reconstruction, peace-building and transitional justice processes since the end of the war in 1995. While issues related to rebuilding and developing war-torn societies and their economies have attracted extensive scholarly attention, the question of international aid practices in transitional justice contexts remains widely understudied. Although the influence of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in reconciliatory transitional justice work has been growing, the relationship between international donors and local NGOs involved in these projects remains very limited. The objective of this study …

Service-Learning In Egypt: Effects Of Demographics, Course Features, And Community Engagement On Civic And Developmental Outcomes For University Students, Neivin M. Shalabi Dr.

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

Although service-learning is spreading in various geographic locations across the globe, the majority of extant literature is based in the U.S. Additionally, past research focused largely on investigating student outcomes through this pedagogy with little attention to exploring the impact of variations among service-learning courses and students. This study addressed these gaps by examining how individual differences among students, course characteristics, and overall community engagement may relate to civic and developmental outcomes for college students through service-learning. Sixty one students at a private university in Egypt completed survey questionnaires. Students’ Demographics and Course Characteristics Composites predicted students’ reports of enhanced …

Looking Beyond The Household: The Importance Of School Factors In Understanding Elementary Grade Retention In Rural Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, Bushra Rahim

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

This paper contributes to the limited literature on the educational outcomes of children in rural Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan. It explores the impact of school-level factors such as physical resources, teachers and school characteristics on retention to the last grade of primary in the KP province for the time period 2007-12. Two sources of data were used to measure the retention rates. One of which is an official compilation of institutional data on education known as Education Management Information System (EMIS). The second data source, Annual Status of Education Reports (ASER), is a household data set with a rich set …

Employer Perspectives On Eal Employee Writing Problems, Jim Hu, Alana Hoare

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

In academic disciplines, content rather than writing accuracy is usually emphasized (Hyland, 2013), leaving many English-as-an-additional-language (EAL) students unmotivated to improve writing accuracy. However, the workplace may demand accurate and clear writing. Thus, Ferris (2002, 2011) calls for research into employers’ perspectives on inaccurate and unclear writing of EAL employees to help raise academic faculty and EAL student consciousness. To respond to Ferris' call, this study investigated: 1) employers’ expectations regarding writing accuracy of EAL employees, 2) EAL employees’ language problems in work-related writing, and 3) the impact of writing problems on EAL employees’ employment and career opportunities. The study …

Portrait Des Élèves Issus De L’Immigration En Milieu Scolaire Primaire Défavorisé, Kristel Tardif-Grenier, Isabelle Archambault, Christine Gervais

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

Les élèves issus de l’immigration sont fortement susceptibles de fréquenter un établissement scolaire situé en milieu défavorisé. À Montréal, deux communautés y sont particulièrement présentes soit les élèves originaires d’Afrique du Nord et des Antilles. Ces élèves, une fois parvenus au secondaire, présentent un profil scolaire, familial et scolaire distinct. Nous en savons cependant bien peu sur ce qui caractérise ces élèves lorsqu’ils sont au primaire. Afin de contribuer au développement des connaissances à ce niveau, la présente étude compare deux groupes d’élèves dont les parents sont nés en Afrique du Nord (n= 98) et dans les Antilles ( …

Higher Education Development In India And China: South Asian, Sinic, And Pan-Asian Alternatives, Hantian Wu, Neville Panthaki

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

This study investigates the development of higher education in India and China over three time periods: that of colonial India and semi-colonial China, that of the Cold War during which India was “non-aligned” and “new China” embraced Communism, and the period after India’s neoliberal economic reforms and China’s “reform and opening-up”. Our study focuses on the second period when the rationales for post-independent higher education policies were intimately connected to sovereignty. A historical cross-comparative analysis is being employed to discern similarities and differences between India’s and China’s development of higher education systems. The purpose of our study is to contextualize …

Who Governs The Internationalization Of Higher Education? A Comparative Analysis Of Macro-Regional Policies In Canada And The European Union, Merli Tamtik

Comparative and International Education / Éducation Comparée et Internationale

The internationalization of higher education has become a politically strategic and economically promising policy area. As a result, the traditional authority and governance boundaries related to internationalization are becoming fluid. This paper focuses on the macro-regional internationalization strategies in Canada and the European Union (EU) in order to understand the changing dynamics of internationalization governance. By applying multi-level governance theory, the paper analyses and compares how internationalization is understood at the macro-regional level, revealing fundamental differences in the normative values. The findings indicate that while Canada is formulating an aggressive marketization approach to benefit from the intensified global competition, the …

Case 4 : Changing School Food Environments: Is Policy Enough?, Sai Chaphekar, Paula Dworatzek, Amanda Terry

Western Public Health Casebooks

Nutrition is important for overall physical, mental, social, and cognitive well-being. It is especially crucial for children as it is linked to all aspects of their growth and development, which is connected to their health as adults. Children on their own are incapable of deciding what foods are good for their health. Hence, it is important to provide them with the right nutrition and a supportive environment to instill healthy eating habits. These habits will promote a better quality of life that will be perpetuated later on (Children’s Heart Centre, 2007). To address the nutritional standards of foods provided at …

Case 5 : Investigating Suspected Outbreaks Of Rare Infectious Disease Using Surveillance Data: The Cjdss Perspective, Elizabeth Fan, Michel Deilgat, Mark Speechley

Western Public Health Casebooks

A suspected cluster of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) cases (a fatal neurodegenerative disease) has been identified in Toronto. Renée Dubois, a public health nurse, must utilize epidemiological data to recognize the outbreak, and mobilize resources to support patients and health care providers. The assembled epidemiological information gathered by the CJD surveillance system must be used to further support data analysis, public health decision-making, and public messaging. This case may be used to supplement lectures covering relevant public health events or epidemic analysis.

Case 3 : Providing Continuing Professional Development In A Developing Country – The One Health Initiative, Elyse Burt, Emily Quinn, Rick Quinn, Mike Cranfield, Shannon L. Sibbald

Western Public Health Casebooks

In Musanze, Rwanda, two NGOs, Gorilla Doctors and Docs4GreatApes, are working on the One Health Initiative to indirectly protect the endangered mountain gorillas. They aim to build capacity and strengthen the public health care of the people who live in close proximity to the gorillas’ habitat. By creating healthier human populations, there will be less risk of disease transmission, such as TB or parasites, to the gorillas, and the overall well-being and development of the area will be improved.

An unpublished study by Western University in 2010 identified areas in the public health system in Rwanda that health care professionals …

Case 6 : “I Know There Is Hope, Even In A World Of Loss”: A Local Community-Based Intervention To Address Mental Health Challenges Among First Nations Men And Boys, Jasmine Fournier, Julie George, Samantha Wells, Lloy Wylie

Western Public Health Casebooks

Kieran, a young man from River Rock First Nation (RRFN), is frustrated that there are no evidence-based, culturally-safe, and male-specific mental health resources available at any of the treatment centres he has attended. Kieran and his friend Jake partner with Jade, a recent PhD graduate, to initiate a boys’ and men’s mental health program in the community. Using the information Jade gathered for her PhD as a foundation, as well as drawing on applied research at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), the team uses a participatory action research approach, including photovoice, to address mental health challenges of …

Case 7 : Transitioning From Prison To Community, Alison Green, Graham Betts-Symonds, Amardeep Thind

Western Public Health Casebooks

The Irish Red Cross (IRC) Community Based Health and First Aid (CBHFA) Prison Program was piloted at Wheatfield Prison in 2009 and, following several successful evaluations, was implemented across all of Ireland’s 14 prisons in 2014. The CBHFA Prison Program trains inmates as special status IRC volunteers through weekly CBHFA training sessions, which take place over six months. After completing the community assessment module within the CBHFA program, volunteers, with the support of prison staff, implement projects and engage in peer-topeer health education in an effort to promote the health of the prison community. In addition to having a positive …

Case 9 : From Theory To Action: Implementing An Internationally Developed Mental Health And Substance Abuse Program In Indigenous Communities In The Americas, Ashley Sebastian, Sandra Del Pino, Devora Kestel Kestel, Gerald Mckinley

Western Public Health Casebooks

Intergenerational trauma compounded throughout centuries by the effects of colonialism have left indigenous peoples within the Americas in grave despair. Indigenous communities are subject to a variety of human rights violations and social neglect, which contribute to reduced physical and mental health. The United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues has identified these insufficiencies in acknowledging higher rates of poor mental health, substance abuse, and elevated rates of suicide, when compared to non-indigenous peoples. The World Health Organization has developed the Mental Health Gap Action Program Intervention Guide (mhGAP IG) to assess, monitor, and manage, neurological, and mental health conditions, …

Case 12 : Policy Meets Practice – People Who Inject Drugs (Pwid), Shannon L. Sibbald, Jacob J. Shelley

Western Public Health Casebooks

Dr. Silverman is the Chief of Infectious Diseases at London Health Sciences Centre (LHSC) and St. Joseph’s Health Care in London, Ontario. He is concerned about the increasing prevalence of people who inject drugs (PWID) in London, and the risk to PWID of bacterial infections due to contamination (e.g., improperly or unsterilized injection equipment, skin not being sterilized before injection). Of primary concern is the risk of infective endocarditis (IE), an infection in a patient’s heart. Treatment for IE entails antibiotics administered through the intravenous (IV) route. IE is generally treated through home care; in London, the South West Community …

Integrative Workshops

Western Public Health Casebooks

No abstract provided.

Complete 2017 Casebook

Western Public Health Casebooks

No abstract provided.