Digital Commons Network^™

Mutuality, Locality And Communitarianism, Roger A. Lohmann

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

What is the nature of the bonds among participants in nonprofit organizations and voluntary action, and between philanthropic givers and recipients, and how do these affect the behavior of third sector actors and those in other sectors? Mutuality accounts for the intermediary bulwark which offers a primary protection of the individual from the state. Except through Tocqueville, mutuality has had very little impact on American legal and political philosophy until quite recently. Mutuality is a principal concern of some communitarians, particularly Taylor, Sandel and Bell. Communitarianism is one of the few instances of focus on this important problem. This paper …

Wvrhc Newsletter, Fall 1995, West Virginia & Regional History Center

West Virginia & Regional History Center Newsletters

Benefit Concert for the West Virginia Collection Sound Archives

The Commons And The New Age Of Laissez Faire, Roger A. Lohmann

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

The one thing new laissez faire rhetoric seldom does is find any

place for broader visions of civil society, and in particular,

nonprofit organizations, voluntary action, or philanthropy which

have been such important parts of the American past.

Laissez faire visions of the future being promoted today

are dangerously limited in at least one important respect: They

omit any reference to nonprofit organizations, voluntary action or

philanthropy (along with sustaining reference groups like family

and support and friendship groups) as operative parts of the

future. Instead, they offer an altogether familiar bi-polar social

universe from the past composed of “the …

Philanthropic Partnerships: The Theory Of The Commons, Roger A. Lohmann

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

The third sector is the sector of commons in the same sense that the market is the sector of profit-oriented firms and the state is the sector of public bureaucracies. In its present state, nonprofit theory is largely the creation of committees of lawyers and accountants concerned only with very narrow questions. Despite its limitations, the contemporary philanthropic world has been reluctant to embrace any substitute universal summary terms to describe or characterize the ful range of concerns covered by concerns of philanthropy. Commons theory offers a possible alternative capable of dealing with the full range of philanthropic concerns.

Philanthropic Partnerships: The Theory Of The Commons, Roger A. Lohmann

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

In Anglo-American traditions, the concept of a commons has historically been most frequently attached to shared land in joint use by a village or community. The common theory of voluntary action presents organized collective action as consisting of shared purposes, shared resources and voluntary participation resulting in an evolving sense of mutuality, and moral order, consisting of shared norms of fairness and participation.

Nonprofit Community Service And The Hidden Cost Of Information Technology, Roger A. Lohmann, Nancy Lohmann

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Will the information superhighway – like its concrete counterpart, the interstate highway system – turn out to be a good idea but too expensive to maintain properly? This paper will explore issues associated with the initial and ongoing costs of adopting information technology for nonprofit community service organizations, with particular attention to access and use of the information superhighway. Several possible explanations for the lag in adoption of internet technology will be explored. One of these will be the "null hypothesis" that resources and services currently available over the internet may still be insufficient to justify the costs involved for …

Hypertext And The Docuverse: A Research Memo, Roger A. Lohmann

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

The term docuverse was first developed by Apple Computer guru Allen Kay in the late 1960’s. The underlying idea can be traced back decades earlier, to the visionary Vannevar Bush and the Memex (Bush, 1945). According to Kay, a docuverse is a set of related documents together with the linkages between them. In this paper, a docuverse is conceived as a collection of related scholarly documents together with the links, ties and bonds that can bring them together into an integrated logical and conceptual whole. Kay who also coined the term hypertext, which refers to an electronic document with existing …

Why Didn't The Dogs Bark?, Roger A. Lohmann, Shirley Stewart Burns

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

This study examines patterns of news coverage of five West Virginia mining disasters in local, regional and national news media. It grew out of an effort to follow up an earlier study of relief efforts at the Monongah mine disaster of 1907. One of the principal findings is that local newspapers consistently provided limited coverage of mining disasters and almost no coverage of relief efforts carried on in the wake of disasters. National coverage, by the New York Times and regional coverage by the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette reveals a number of persistent themes and some important differences.

Convective Chemical-Wave Propagation In The Belousov-Zhabotinsky Reaction, Yunqing Wu, Desiderio A. Vasquez, Boyd F. Edwards, Joseph W. Wilder

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Mass Distribution On Clusters At The Percolation Threshold, Mark F. Gyure, Martin V. Ferer, Boyd F. Edwards, Greg Huber

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Monte Carlo simulations and a scaling hypothesis are used to study the distribution of blob masses on two-dimensional finite-mass clusters at the percolation threshold. The exponents associated with this distribution function are a combination of backbone and percolation exponents. This work offers insights into the structure and fragmentation properties of percolation clusters in particular, and provides methods applicable to other fractal distribution problems in general.

Instabilities In Propagating Reaction‐Diffusion Fronts Of The Iodate‐Arsenous Acid Reaction, Dezső Horváth, Kenneth Showalter

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Transcriptional Control Of The Nuo Operon Which Encodes The Energy-Conserving Nadh Dehydrogenase Of Salmonella Typhimurium., C D Archer, T Elliott

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

The 14 nuo genes encode the subunits of the type I (energy-conserving) NADH dehydrogenase, a key component of the respiratory chain. Salmonella typhimurium, like Escherichia coli, has two enzymes that can oxidize NADH and transfer electrons to ubiquinone, but only the type I enzyme translocates protons across the membrane to generate a proton motive force. Cells with the type I enzyme are energetically more efficient; the role of the type II enzyme (encoded by ndh) is not established, but it may function like a relief valve to allow more rapid NADH recycling. Here, we have investigated transcription of the nuo …

Transitions Between Convective Patterns In Chemical Fronts, Yunqing Wu, Desiderio A. Vasquez, Boyd F. Edwards, Joseph W. Wilder

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Finite Thermal Diffusivity At Onset Of Convection In Autocatalytic Systems: Discontinuous Fluid Density, Desiderio A. Vasquez, Boyd F. Edwards, Joseph W. Wilder

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Communitarianism In Memorium: A Review Essay, Roger A. Lohmann

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

This review essay examines several recent books on the general topic of communitarianism. The essay is constructed as an obituary and memorial statement on the premise that communitarianism has proved to be a failed political movement that has not impacted American politics or public life in any important way.

Uniformly Antisymmetric Functions And K5, Krzysztof Ciesielski

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

A function f from reals to reals (f:R-->R) is a uniformly antisymmetric function if there exists a gage function g:R-->(0,1) such that |f(x-h)-f(x+h)| is greater then or equal to g(x) for every x from R and 0R-->N, (see [K. Ciesielski, L. Larson, Uniformly antisymmetric functions, Real Anal. Exchange 19 (1993-94), 226-235]) while it is unknown whether such function can have a finite or bounded range. It is not difficult to show that there exists a uniformly antisymmetric function with an n-element range if and only if there exists a …

Escaping The Tragedy Of The Commons, Roger A. Lohmann

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Is tragedy due to over harvesting an inevitable consequence of the voluntary action of cooperation in a commons? No. Actually, commons theory resolved this question several decades ago. Such common goods are those pursued jointly by pluralities less than the dominant majority controlling the state and its unique ability to define public goods. In an era when the state has proven relatively powerless to define unambiguous public goods and public policy making is largely circumscribed in terms of a competition among interest groups, the state itself has become a major producer of common, rather than genuinely public, goods.

Cardinal Invariants Concerning Functions Whose Sum Is Almost Continuous, Krzysztof Ciesielski

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Let A stand for the class of all almost continuous functions from R to R and let A(A) be the smallest cardinality of a family F ⊆ R R for which there is no g: R → R with the property that f + g ∈ A for all f ∈ F. We define cardinal number A(D) for the class D of all real functions with the Darboux property similarly. It is known, that c < A(A) ≤ 2 c [10]. We will generalize this result by showing that the cofinality of A(A) is greater that c. Moreover, we will show that it is pretty much all that can be said about A(A) in ZFC, by showing that A(A) can be equal to any regular cardinal between c + and 2c and that it can be equal to 2c independently of the cofinality of 2c . This solves a problem of T. Natkaniec [10, Problem 6.1, p. 495]. We will also show that A(D) = A(A) and give a combinatorial characterization of this number. This solves another problem of Natkaniec. (Private communication.)