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University of South Florida

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2019

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Book Review: Rejoinder: Anthropology, Critique, And Justice In Translation, Alexander Hinton Dec 2019

Book Review: Rejoinder: Anthropology, Critique, And Justice In Translation, Alexander Hinton

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

No abstract provided.

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Human Rights? What A Good Idea! From Universal Jurisdiction To Crime Prevention, Daniel Feierstein Dec 2019

Human Rights? What A Good Idea! From Universal Jurisdiction To Crime Prevention, Daniel Feierstein

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

Over the last decades, Genocide Studies has entered in a “comfort zone.” With fellowships and support from governments or NGOs, we have developed a very comfortable environment in which the knowledge we produce about genocide prevention is neither critical nor useful. We have become trapped by assumptions we have never checked against reality and many of us have chosen to work inside the circle of those assumptions: genocide and mass violence are horrible acts committed by horrible people; we cannot stand by and do nothing; we have the responsibility to protect civilian populations and that responsibility takes the form, as …

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Critical Genocide And Atrocity Prevention Studies, Andrew Woolford, Alexander Hinton Dec 2019

Critical Genocide And Atrocity Prevention Studies, Andrew Woolford, Alexander Hinton

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

An introductory essay for the special issue on "Critical Approaches to Genocide and Atrocity Prevention."

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Learning From High Risk Feminism: Emergent Lessons About Women’S Agency In Conflict Contexts, Julia Margaret Zulver Dec 2019

Learning From High Risk Feminism: Emergent Lessons About Women’S Agency In Conflict Contexts, Julia Margaret Zulver

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

While scholars increasingly focus on the gendered elements of genocide, these are not often holistically discussed in the prevention literature. There is a tendency to fall into a gendered binary, whereby prevention is a masculine activity, while peacebuilding is represented as more maternal and feminine. However, women do not always exclusively mobilise for others, nor do they fit neatly within circumscribed categories of victims or peacebuilders. Rather, they have the ability to develop and refine a contextually relevant style of feminist agency that allows them to navigate and make sense of the everyday violences to which they are exposed. This …

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Full Issue Dec 2019

Full Issue

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

No abstract provided.

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Scenarios Of Intractability: Reframing Intractable Conflict And Its Transformation, Kerry Whigham Dec 2019

Scenarios Of Intractability: Reframing Intractable Conflict And Its Transformation, Kerry Whigham

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

For those working toward long-term conflict transformation and atrocity prevention, cases of so-called “intractable conflict” are an enduring source of frustration, continually resisting what seems to be an otherwise useful toolbox of "lessons learnt" and "best practices." Referring to these cases as intractable, however, only serves to naturalize their intractability, rendering it an essential and immutable quality of the conflicts, and thus foreclosing options for engagement and prevention. Moreover, it obscures interventions that may have already emerged from within these conflicts that are transforming the way they play out. This article suggests, instead, to perceive these cases as scenarios of …

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Moving Beyond The State: An Imperative For Genocide Prediction, Hollie Nyseth Brehm Dec 2019

Moving Beyond The State: An Imperative For Genocide Prediction, Hollie Nyseth Brehm

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

Studies of the onset of genocide and accompanying early warning and forecasting efforts have focused almost exclusively on states. This article suggests that genocide prediction must move beyond a purely state-centric approach. Specifically, I suggest three major avenues that will refine and complement existing research and related prediction efforts. These include 1) theorizing and analyzing non-state actors who commit genocide, 2) engaging in conflict-centered approaches, and 3) addressing the onset and triggers of genocide within subnational spaces. I conclude with a discussion of how these three avenues can be pursued simultaneously to inform more robust genocide prevention endeavors.

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“Genocide Is Worth It": Broadening The Logic Of Atrocity Prevention For State Actors, James E. Waller Dec 2019

“Genocide Is Worth It": Broadening The Logic Of Atrocity Prevention For State Actors, James E. Waller

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

Of particular focus in this piece is the communication of the logic of atrocity prevention to State actors. As genocide studies has developed as a field, we also have become more insular; professionalizing how we operate in such a way that it has pulled us away from those very venues in which we should be applying our work. From the sure footing of the outside, we often criticize State actors, particularly policymakers, for their impotent actions in the face of escalating risks or, even, genocidal violence. But we seldom speak with them or push ourselves to find ways to bridge …

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Salutogenesis And The Prevention Of Social Death: Cross-Cultural Lessons From Genocide-Impacted Rwandans And Indigenous Youth In Canada, Jobb D. Arnold Dec 2019

Salutogenesis And The Prevention Of Social Death: Cross-Cultural Lessons From Genocide-Impacted Rwandans And Indigenous Youth In Canada, Jobb D. Arnold

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

Combining trans-disciplinary theories with cross-cultural ethnographic research, this paper explores community-based approaches to genocide prevention among Canadian-Indigenous groups as well as with Rwandan student genocide survivors. A Salutogenic framework is used to examine community responses to the micro-foundations of genocide (Antonovsky 1987). These processes are explored using first-hand accounts from “New Family” networks of student genocide survivors in Rwanda and members of a Canadian urban-Indigenous “Village.” These perspectives shed light on how locally adaptive, socially networked practices can help promote emergent forms of genocide prevention (Williams 1977). This paper focuses on three areas of local practice that have helped build …

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Critical Genocide Studies And Mass Atrocity Prevention, Ernesto Verdeja Dec 2019

Critical Genocide Studies And Mass Atrocity Prevention, Ernesto Verdeja

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

Critical genocide studies has emerged as an important strand of scholarship devoted to interrogating the core assumptions of the field of genocide studies. Drawing on these developments, this article outlines a critical approach to modern atrocity prevention that is self-reflective, dialectical, multivalent, and anti-teleological. Part I provides a brief overview of contemporary prevention. Part II elaborates the four elements of the proposed critical approach toward prevention. Part III applies this approach to examine several important issue areas in current prevention work: the importance of global and regional contextualization; securitization and state power; conceptualizations of political violence; the status of …

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The First Lesson In Prevention, Alexander L. Hinton Dec 2019

The First Lesson In Prevention, Alexander L. Hinton

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

Despite its rapid proliferation over the past fifteen years, genocide and atrocity crimes prevention studies are often blinded by normative assumptions and conceptual blinder. This essay argues that any effort at prevention must begin with a first critical lesson, one revealed in the essay’s opening line and writing style. This first lesson suggests a path toward a more critical prevention studies, one involving critique, archeology, and pharmakon. In addition to discussing such conceptual bases for a critical prevention studies, this essay also models how literary strategies, ranging from narrative to poetic form, may help with such a critical endeavor, opening …

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Screening The Cultivable Cave Microbial Mats For The Production Of Antimicrobial Compounds And Antibiotic Resistance, Jerneja Ambrožič Avguštin, Patricia Petrič, Lejla Pašić Dec 2019

Screening The Cultivable Cave Microbial Mats For The Production Of Antimicrobial Compounds And Antibiotic Resistance, Jerneja Ambrožič Avguštin, Patricia Petrič, Lejla Pašić

International Journal of Speleology

The current work extends the phenotypic characterization of a bacterial culture collection obtained from white, yellow, grey or pink microbial cave wall colonies that are common in the caves of Slovenian Karst. We have determined antibiotic resistance to 22 natural and synthetic antibiotics in 69 isolates from the microbial mats. Thirty-eight isolates (52%) were resistant to 1-5 antibiotics; another 27 isolates (37%) were resistant to 6-10 antibiotics; and 7 isolates (0.1%) were resistant to 11-17 antibiotics. We screened for production of antimicrobial compounds by growing cave isolates on five different media and overlaying individual cultures with ten Gram-positive and Gram …

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The Strength Of Weak Ties: Eliza Haywood’S Social Network In The Dunciad In Four Books (1743), Ileana Baird Dr. Dec 2019

The Strength Of Weak Ties: Eliza Haywood’S Social Network In The Dunciad In Four Books (1743), Ileana Baird Dr.

ABO: Interactive Journal for Women in the Arts, 1640-1830

This article uses visualizations of Eliza Haywood’s social networks, as described in The Dunciad in Four Books (1743), to make visible her relations with the other characters in the poem, and the nature of these affiliations. The tools used to generate these visualizations are GraphViz, an open source visualization software that creates topological graphs from sets of dyadic relations, and SHIVA Graph, an application used to visualize large sets of networks and navigate through them as through a map. In Eliza Haywood’s case, this model of social network analysis sheds new light on the nature of Pope’s attack on women …

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Learn Model Of Career Trajectories: Application To The Stem Postdoctoral Scholar, Audrey J. Jaeger, Karen J. Haley, Tara D. Hudson Dec 2019

Learn Model Of Career Trajectories: Application To The Stem Postdoctoral Scholar, Audrey J. Jaeger, Karen J. Haley, Tara D. Hudson

Journal of Global Education and Research

Postdoctoral scholars constitute a sizeable population within the academic workforce. Given the intended role of a postdoc position as a time of advanced training and professional development for a future academic career, particularly in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) fields, it is important to understand whether and how well the career-related needs of postdocs are being met. The purpose of this research was to understand STEM postdoctoral scholars’ career trajectories, with particular attention to the influences on their career-related decision making, by applying the Life Experiences and Role Negotiations (LEARN) model to qualitative data from interviews with 19 STEM …

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Reggio Emilia And The Arts Approach: Two Exceptional Examples Of Multimodal Learning In Early Years, Fadumo Aden, Evgenia Theodotou Dec 2019

Reggio Emilia And The Arts Approach: Two Exceptional Examples Of Multimodal Learning In Early Years, Fadumo Aden, Evgenia Theodotou

Journal of Global Education and Research

The Reggio Emilia approach offers children a unique experience of self-exploration embedded in the arts. This has strong links with multimodal teaching and learning. This is based on the argument that they both offer children the opportunity to communicate in multimodal ways such as drawing, drama play, gestures, music and speaking whilst placing children at the centre of their learning. This paper focuses on the concept of multimodal learning and discusses the Reggio Emilia approach and the arts approach in an effort to create links with the contents of multimodal learning. Furthermore, it compares and contrasts both approaches and identifies …

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Contextual Factors In Early Career Teaching: A Systematic Review Of International Research On Teacher Induction And Mentoring Programs, Benjamin Kutsyuruba, Keith D. Walker, Lorraine Godden Dec 2019

Contextual Factors In Early Career Teaching: A Systematic Review Of International Research On Teacher Induction And Mentoring Programs, Benjamin Kutsyuruba, Keith D. Walker, Lorraine Godden

Journal of Global Education and Research

Early career teachers (ECTs) are situated in a dynamic contextual landscape that both influences their development and practice and dictates professional expectations for instruction and professional learning. This systematic review of international research literature sought to establish the understanding of teacher induction and mentoring program support of ECTs through the following research questions: 1) which nations and regions are represented in research literature that details formal or programmatic support of ECTs? 2) what international research evidence is there to describe various contextual factors that affect experiences of ECTs? and, 3) how do teacher induction and mentorship programs respond to the …

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Influences Of Reasoning And Achievement Motivation On Complex Problem Solving In A New Microworld Operationalization, Stephan Bartholdy, Ulrike Kipman Dec 2019

Influences Of Reasoning And Achievement Motivation On Complex Problem Solving In A New Microworld Operationalization, Stephan Bartholdy, Ulrike Kipman

Journal of Global Education and Research

Complex Problem Solving (CPS) can be defined as those psychological processes that enable a person to achieve goals under complex conditions, which are characterized by their complexity, connectivity, dynamics, lack of transparency, and polytely. Although many hypothesized influences have previously been tested concerning their relevance for the process of solving complex problems (e.g., general intelligence), results were often found to be rather heterogeneous. As this was found to be partially caused by fundamental differences between measurements of CPS, a new operationalization was used in the present study: Following the Microworld approach, CPS was assessed in the simulation game Cities: Skylines …

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Ethics In Academic Research And Scholarship: An Elucidation Of The Principles And Applications, Olajide O. Agunloye Dec 2019

Ethics In Academic Research And Scholarship: An Elucidation Of The Principles And Applications, Olajide O. Agunloye

Journal of Global Education and Research

Responsible, respectable, and successful engagement in research and scholarship in academia requires adherence to certain basic professional ethical principles to sustain the fidelity of academic work and the integrity of the researcher-scholar. This is more so for works which are intended for dissemination, information, attention, and consumption of audiences beyond the researcher-scholar’s proximal academic habitat. Ethical principles in research and scholarship apply whether the intended work, to be made public, is a conceptual scholarly narrative of ideas and thoughts or a narration of actual scientific-process-based research. This paper explores some of the key ethical principles in research and scholarship, their …

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Responding To Racial Incivility In Classrooms: Hospitality And Responsibility, Nathalie Piquemal, Dave Misir, Rebeca Heringer Dec 2019

Responding To Racial Incivility In Classrooms: Hospitality And Responsibility, Nathalie Piquemal, Dave Misir, Rebeca Heringer

Journal of Global Education and Research

This paper considers the relationship between education and hospitality in the specific context of moments of incivility in classrooms, with special attention to racial/white resentment. The authors reflect on the extent to which nurturing intellectual candor with interpretive charity (Callan, 2011) can be extended to incivility shaped by white resentment. They contend there is a need to approach hospitality as responsibility (Levinas, 1969, thereby suggesting conditions for student agency. The relationship between the educator as host and giver of hospitality and the students as guests and respondents is discussed (Ruitenberg, 2011b). The paper argues the role of the teacher is …

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J. Michael Queen (1948 – 2019): A Memorial, Arthur N. Palmer Nov 2019

J. Michael Queen (1948 – 2019): A Memorial, Arthur N. Palmer

International Journal of Speleology

No abstract provided.

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Drivers Of Ant Composition, Richness, And Trophic Guilds In Neotropical Iron Ore Cavities, Rodrigo A. Castro-Souza, Thais G. Pellegrini, Marconi Souza-Silva, Rodrigo L. Ferreira Nov 2019

Drivers Of Ant Composition, Richness, And Trophic Guilds In Neotropical Iron Ore Cavities, Rodrigo A. Castro-Souza, Thais G. Pellegrini, Marconi Souza-Silva, Rodrigo L. Ferreira

International Journal of Speleology

Subterranean habitats may be considered limiting for animal colonization, especially for ants, due to permanent darkness and mainly because of oligotrophic conditions. While not as deep as limestone caves, iron ore caves and other subterranean habitats may be more available for colonization because of their shallower depth. We use the richness and composition of ants to assess how differences in habitat structure affect the biodiversity and ecosystem function between cavities and surrounding epigean landscapes. We predicted that the distribution of ants would be different because of the variation in habitat structure and cavity conditions may act as a filter for …

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How To Use Kernel Density Estimation As A Diagnostic And Forecasting Tool For Distributed Volcanic Vents, Charles B. Connor, Laura J. Connor, Aurelie Germa, Jacob A. Richardson, Mark S. Bebbington, Elisabeth Gallant, Armando Saballos Nov 2019

How To Use Kernel Density Estimation As A Diagnostic And Forecasting Tool For Distributed Volcanic Vents, Charles B. Connor, Laura J. Connor, Aurelie Germa, Jacob A. Richardson, Mark S. Bebbington, Elisabeth Gallant, Armando Saballos

Statistics in Volcanology

Volcanic activity often results in the formation of new volcanic vents. These new vents can create hazards in unexpected areas. Therefore, the probability of new vent formation should be assessed as part of volcanic hazard assessments. This paper describes our use of kernel density estimation (KDE) as a way to estimate the spatial density of future volcanic vents. The bivariate Gaussian kernel function is described step-by-step using pseudocode. Our computer code, written in PERL, is used to calculate the spatial density of existing vents and then create a contour map using GMT (Generic Mapping Tools). Application of this method and …

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Risky Times And Spaces: Settler Colonialism And Multiplying Genocide Prevention Through A Virtual Indian Residential School, Andrew Woolford, Adam Muller, Struan Sinclair Nov 2019

Risky Times And Spaces: Settler Colonialism And Multiplying Genocide Prevention Through A Virtual Indian Residential School, Andrew Woolford, Adam Muller, Struan Sinclair

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

In this article, we examine how the logic of genocide prevention aligns with a settler colonial logic of elimination. We examine how the exclusion of cultural techniques of destruction from consideration contributes to the logic of elimination, and we suggest this is, in part, a structural problem built into the logic of genocide prevention. Along these lines, we interrogate linear and molar approaches to genocide prevention and propose, in addition to existing macro-level strategies, a molecular, everyday ethos of genocide prevention that is attuned to genocidal intimacies and seeks to foster anti-genocide habits and practices. In so doing, we argue …

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Marcian D. Bleahu (1924-2019), Bogdan P. Onac Nov 2019

Marcian D. Bleahu (1924-2019), Bogdan P. Onac

International Journal of Speleology

No abstract provided.

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Toxic Tropics: Purity And Danger In Everywhere In Everyday Life, Liza Grandia Nov 2019

Toxic Tropics: Purity And Danger In Everywhere In Everyday Life, Liza Grandia

Journal of Ecological Anthropology

In contrast to popular images of the tropics as verdant Edens, forest dwellers face various pollutants with little-understood environmental health impacts. Drawing upon long-term ethnographic research in northern Guatemala through the lens of Mary Douglas' work on purity, danger, and culture, this paper describes how the inventive re-use of modern waste exposes rural people to new and unknown toxic substances from “matter out of place.” While environmental justice literature has emphasized industrial, extractive, and military disasters, this note draws attention to the less dramatic yet lethal pollutants encountered in the everyday lives of the rural poor through “chemical trespass.”

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Command And Control For Cyberspace Operations - A Call For Research, Adam S. Morgan, Steve W. Stone Oct 2019

Command And Control For Cyberspace Operations - A Call For Research, Adam S. Morgan, Steve W. Stone

Military Cyber Affairs

The United States Department of Defense (DoD) declared cyberspace as an operational domain in 2011. The DoD subsequently formed US Cyber Command and the Cyber Mission Force to conduct operations to achieve national and military objectives in and through cyberspace. Since that time, the DoD has implemented and evolved through multiple command and control (C2) structures for cyberspace operations, derived from traditional military C2 doctrine, to achieve unity of effort across both the global cyberspace domain and with military operations in the physical domains (land, sea, air, and space). The DoD continues to struggle to adapt its C2 methods from …

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Cyber Metaphors And Cyber Goals: Lessons From “Flatland”, Pierre Trepagnier Oct 2019

Cyber Metaphors And Cyber Goals: Lessons From “Flatland”, Pierre Trepagnier

Military Cyber Affairs

Reasoning about complex and abstract ideas is greatly influenced by the choice of metaphors through which they are represented. In this paper we consider the framing effect in military doctrine of considering cyberspace as a domain of action, parallel to the traditional domains of land, sea, air, and space. By means of the well-known Victorian science-fiction novella Flatland, we offer a critique of this dominant cyber metaphor. In Flatland, the problems of lower-dimensional beings comprehending additional dimensions are explored at some length. Inspired by Flatland, our suggested alternate metaphor for cyber is an additional (fourth) dimension. We …

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Using Embodied Practices With Preservice Teachers: Teaching And Reflecting Through The Body To Re-Think Teacher Education, Emily Klein, Monica Taylor, Rachel Forgasz Oct 2019

Using Embodied Practices With Preservice Teachers: Teaching And Reflecting Through The Body To Re-Think Teacher Education, Emily Klein, Monica Taylor, Rachel Forgasz

Journal of Practitioner Research

This action research describes how three teacher educators invited preservice teachers to be in their bodies, or learn through “embodied pedagogy.” We wanted see how this pedagogy helped preservice teachers learn to reflect through their bodies, confront their own bias to cognitive ways of knowing, and ultimately begin to consider the use of embodied instructional strategies. We describe our questions, the activities we designed to help us answer them, and data collected from the first course in a pre-service teacher education program. Finally, we analyze these data and identify themes related to embodied learning and reflection and describe some potential …

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Supervisor Facilitation Of Action Research: Fostering Teacher Inquiry, Rachel Solis, Stephen P. Gordon Oct 2019

Supervisor Facilitation Of Action Research: Fostering Teacher Inquiry, Rachel Solis, Stephen P. Gordon

Journal of Practitioner Research

This study was conducted at a Central Texas private school that offers a full curriculum exclusively for students with dyslexia. A supervisor facilitated fifty members of the school’s teaching faculty as they engaged in voluntary, long-term action research at the individual and team levels to address authentic problems of practice. The study examined the types of inquiry undertaken by the teachers as well as their perceptions of the supervisory support for, impact of, and ways to improve action research at their school. The authors conclude that the supervisor facilitating action research needs to provide ongoing support to teachers engaged in …

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Differentiated Homework: Impact On Student Engagement, Gearoid Keane, Manuela Heinz Oct 2019

Differentiated Homework: Impact On Student Engagement, Gearoid Keane, Manuela Heinz

Journal of Practitioner Research

This paper describes a mixed methods practitioner research study that aimed to enhance student engagement with homework. Based on a comprehensive literature review and data from a pre-study questionnaire, a differentiated homework strategy was designed by the teacher researcher. Students were assigned homework once a week to allow them to balance homework requirements more successfully with out-of-school activities. They were given a choice of three tasks each week, ranging from lower to higher difficulty levels. Task difficulty levels were not stated, nor were tasks ordered by difficulty. Students’ attitudes towards homework improved over the course of the study and completion …

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