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Bus Transit And Land Use: Illuminating The Interaction, Andy Johnson
Bus Transit And Land Use: Illuminating The Interaction, Andy Johnson
Journal of Public Transportation
Attracting people to public transit in urban areas has proven to be a difficult task indeed. Recent research on the transportation–land use connection has suggested that transit use can be increased through transit-friendly land use planning. While significant evidence exists that a relationship between land use and transit is apparent, the exact nature of the relationship remains ambiguous. Despite the murky nature of the relationship, many practitioners and researchers have asserted claims regarding land use policy, namely TOD, and its effect on travel. This article examines the effect of land use, socioeconomics, and bus transit service on transit demand in …
Evaluating The Urban Commute Experience: A Time Perception Approach, Yuen-Wah Li
Evaluating The Urban Commute Experience: A Time Perception Approach, Yuen-Wah Li
Journal of Public Transportation
This article examines the perception of travel time and evaluation of the urban commute experience. It reviews the literature on time perception in psychology, positing perceived travel time as a function of commute characteristics, journey episodes, travel environments, and expectancy. Insights from emerging behavioral economics are drawn to illuminate evaluation of the urban commute experience. The perception–evaluation correspondence presents the potential of a new research approach to travel behavior. A time perception model for evaluating urban commute experience is formulated to accommodate all the posited relationships, with possible moderations by goal attainment, economic values associated, and time urgency. Practical significance …
Contract Areas And Service Quality Issues In Public Transit Provision: Some Thoughts On The European And Australian Context, David A. Hensher
Contract Areas And Service Quality Issues In Public Transit Provision: Some Thoughts On The European And Australian Context, David A. Hensher
Journal of Public Transportation
The introduction of contract regimes for the provision of bus s ervices, such as competitive tendering1 and performance-based contracts, is usually premised on a prior assumption that the size of the physical contract area is given and that any policies related to interactions between contract areas, such as integra ted ticketing and fares,2 are agreed to. This article examines the evolving arguments th at encourage a review of contract area sizes before recontracting and the posi tions supporting the benefits of service quality-related issues such as an integrate d fares policy. Given that a growing number of analysts (especially in …
Valuing Rider Quality In Swedish Special Transport Services—New Findings, Stig Knutsson
Valuing Rider Quality In Swedish Special Transport Services—New Findings, Stig Knutsson
Journal of Public Transportation
The Swedish Special Transport Services, with 0.42 million authorized pass-holders, is integrated into the Swedish public transport system. This artic le compares STS rider quality with present-day public transportation standards. A Swedish rider quality index is used to examine a stated prefe rence questionnaire sent to 2,200 randomly chosen riders in Stockholm, Göteborg, and one rural district. A logit model was used for the statistical analysis. Waiting time at telephone switchboard was weighed for the entire population to 81 percent, information to 53 percent, and driver assistance to 21 percent regarding trip frequency. One minute Waiting time at telephone switchboard …
Developing A Decision Support System For Evaluating An Investment In Fare Collection Systems In Transit, Parvis Ghandforoush, John Collura, Valeri Plotnikov
Developing A Decision Support System For Evaluating An Investment In Fare Collection Systems In Transit, Parvis Ghandforoush, John Collura, Valeri Plotnikov
Journal of Public Transportation
This article presents the initial development of a decision support system (DSS) to assess cost impacts of upgrading or replacing a transit ticketing and fare collection (TFC) system. Assessment of these costs, typically, requires extensive calculations and involves estimation of unknown parameters such as future ridership growth rate, equipment utilization rate, and interest rate on debt financing. This DSS is developed with two categories of policy- and decision-makers in mind-transit agency manag- ers and transit industry researchers and policy-makers. With the aid of this DSS, a transit manager or analyst is able to specify current TFC system characteristics, select desirable …
Optimization Of Travel In Bus Rapid Transit-Based Multimodal Corridors, Shahriar A. Zargari, Ata M. Khan
Optimization Of Travel In Bus Rapid Transit-Based Multimodal Corridors, Shahriar A. Zargari, Ata M. Khan
Journal of Public Transportation
Frequently, urban transportation infrastructure and services are operated in a suboptimal manner with respect to key policy objectives such as enhancing mobility, avoiding severe congestion, improving public transit ridership, reducing fuel consumption, and emisions. To overcome this problem, a hybrid simulation-optimization methodology was developed for identification of values of demand management variables that result in the most favorable travel condition in a multimodal corridor regarding a policy objective. This methodology was applied to a bus rapid transit-based major travel corridor in Ottawa (Canada). The travel simulation part of the model is implemented within the EMME/2 modeling framework, supported by a …
Ridership Demand Analysis For Palestinian Intercity Public Transport, Khaled A. Al-Sahili, Abdelmajid H. Sadeq
Ridership Demand Analysis For Palestinian Intercity Public Transport, Khaled A. Al-Sahili, Abdelmajid H. Sadeq
Journal of Public Transportation
This article presents results of research to study the intercity bus ridership demand, assess existing services, and form a basis to predict future ridership in the Palestinian territories. This study is the first of its type in the area. Intercity public transport between six governorates in the northern and central dis tricts of the West Bank was examined. The relationship between public transportation demand and both operating and socioeconomic variables that influence demand was established. An on-board survey of intercity bus riders identified some of the variables that can potentially influence ridership demand. A simple linear regression equation of the …
The Effects Of High-Speed Rail On The Reduction Of Air Traffic Congestion, Andrés López-Pita, Francesc Robusté
The Effects Of High-Speed Rail On The Reduction Of Air Traffic Congestion, Andrés López-Pita, Francesc Robusté
Journal of Public Transportation
Commercial air services in Europe have experienced a spectacular growth in the last 15 years. From 1985 – 2000, the main European airports doubled their operations. Moreover, in the last 20 years, the number of regional airlines grew from 32 in 1980 to 78 in 1999. This growth has resulted in a continuous increment of delays in air services. In 1986, 12.5 percent of air flights were delayed 15 or more minutes; the figure nearly doubled to 23 percent in 1998. In summer 1999, the average delay was more than 26 minutes. It is, therefore, not surprising that the congestion …
Optimization Of Bus Route Planning In Urban Commuter Networks, Steven I-Jy Chien, Branislav V. Dimitrijevic, Lazar N. Spasovic
Optimization Of Bus Route Planning In Urban Commuter Networks, Steven I-Jy Chien, Branislav V. Dimitrijevic, Lazar N. Spasovic
Journal of Public Transportation
Bus routing is one of the most important elements of public transit system planning. This article presents a model for optimizing service headway and a bus route serving an area with a commuter (many-to-one) travel pattern. The bus route is optimized by minimizing the total system cost, including operator and user costs, while considering diagonal links in the study network. A method is developed for transforming this network into a pure grid, which enables construction of pure grid network models applicable to irregular grid networks. A case is presented to demonstrate the application of the model. Results show that the …
Pair-Bonding And The Evolutionary Trajectory Of Homo: Disease Avoidance As An Adaptive Trait, Ronald S. Immerman, Wade C. Mackey
Pair-Bonding And The Evolutionary Trajectory Of Homo: Disease Avoidance As An Adaptive Trait, Ronald S. Immerman, Wade C. Mackey
Journal of Ecological Anthropology
As the ancestors of both the great apes and humans began to separate into two lineages, several distinctions emerged and solidified for the separate genera. It is suggested here that the sequelae to sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and subsequent behavioral tendencies to avoid sexually transmitted diseases played an important role in forging the unique character of the Australopithecine/Homo line. In particular, the advantage of pair-bonding versus promiscuity in avoiding STDs would facilitate the crystallization of both the nascent nuclear family and the man-to-child affiliative bond. In addition, the unexpectedly small sexual dimorphism of Homo is suggested to be a …
Caves And Karsts Of Northeast Africa, William R. Halliday
Caves And Karsts Of Northeast Africa, William R. Halliday
International Journal of Speleology
At least potentially karstifiable rocks cover much of the surface of Egypt and northern Libya. Study of caves and other karstic features of this region has been hampered by lack of roads, rapid disintegration of the surface of friable, poorly consolidated limestone, wind-blown sand and other factors. Interbedding with marly aquicludes hampers speleogenesis locally. Calcareous and evaporite karsts are present, however, and their waters are important albeit generally limited resources. Large quantities of fresh water are lost through submarine springs downslope from Libya’s Gebel al Akhdar range; the caves and karst of that range may be among the world’s greatest. …
Martel's Routes In Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, 1912, Trevor R. Shaw
Martel's Routes In Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, 1912, Trevor R. Shaw
International Journal of Speleology
Martel’s own copy of the Hovey 1912 guidebook to Mammoth Cave has his routes marked faintly in pencil on the printed cave plans. These plans are reproduced here, with his routes indicated on them. He generally followed the four standard tourist routes which now included Kaemper’s 1908 discoveries to Violet City, but instead of visiting the Maelstrom he went to Hovey’s Cathedral and Gerta’s Grotto.
Littoral Dripstone And Flowstone--Non-Spelean Carbonate Secondary Deposits, Danko Taborosi, Kevin Stafford
Littoral Dripstone And Flowstone--Non-Spelean Carbonate Secondary Deposits, Danko Taborosi, Kevin Stafford
International Journal of Speleology
Speleothem-like dripstone and flowstone deposits can form in the non-spelean environments of marine notches on tropical carbonate coastlines. Hereby termed “littoral dripstone” and “littoral flowstone” to distinguish them from genuine cave deposits, they reflect the basic speleothem types: draperies, stalactites, stalagmites, and columns. Nevertheless, these formations lack the luster and crystallinity of cave analogues, and are not nearly as well-developed, dense, and massive. They are composed of layered microcrystalline aragonite and calcite, are generally highly porous, and invariably overlie dissolutional and bioerosional karren. Because true speleothems, often found in the remnants of solution voids breached by coastal erosion, are also …
Tree-Mould Caves In Slovakia, Ludovít Gaál
Tree-Mould Caves In Slovakia, Ludovít Gaál
International Journal of Speleology
Four tube-shaped caves are described in this work, which origined in consequence of weathering the trees. Their length ranges from 5.8 to 17 m. All of them occur in neovolcanic rocks of Middle Slovakia, in epiclastic andesite conglomerates, breccias or in the tuffs. Some other caverns are close to the entrance of this caves, however they are inaccessible for a man. Thin rim of silicates (opal or chalcedony) occurs in some of them.
The Unequal Exchange Of Time And Space: Toward A Non-Normative Ecological Theory Of Exploitation, Alf Hornborg
The Unequal Exchange Of Time And Space: Toward A Non-Normative Ecological Theory Of Exploitation, Alf Hornborg
Journal of Ecological Anthropology
No abstract provided.
Human Health Impacts Of Forest Fires In The Southern United States: A Literature Review, Cynthia T. Fowler
Human Health Impacts Of Forest Fires In The Southern United States: A Literature Review, Cynthia T. Fowler
Journal of Ecological Anthropology
Forestry management practices can shape patterns of health, illness, and disease. A primary goal for owners of federal, state, and private forests is to craft ecosystem management plans that simultaneously optimize forest health and human health. Firea major forest management issue in the United Statescomplicates these goals. Wildfires are natural phenomena with unpredictable effects. Controlled fires, on the other hand, are often prescribed to reduce biomass fuels, reduce wildfire risks, and protect resource values. While fires can enhance the health of fire-adapted ecosystems, research on the human health impacts of smoke from forest fires is somewhat equivocal. This article synthesizes …
On Choosing A Fieldsite For Health Related Research, Anna Waldstein
On Choosing A Fieldsite For Health Related Research, Anna Waldstein
Journal of Ecological Anthropology
No abstract provided.
Minerogenesis Of Volcanic Caves Of Kenya, Paolo Forti, Ermanno Galli, Antonio Rossi
Minerogenesis Of Volcanic Caves Of Kenya, Paolo Forti, Ermanno Galli, Antonio Rossi
International Journal of Speleology
Kenya is one of the few countries in which karst cavities are scarce with respect to volcanic ones, which are widespread throughout the whole country. The great variability in lava composition allowed the evolution of very different cavities, some of which are amongst the largest lava tubes of the world. As normal for such a kind of cave, the hosted speleothems and cave minerals are scarce but important from the minerogenetic point of view. Anyway up to present no specific mineralogical research have been carried out therein. During the 8th International Symposium on Volcanospeleology, held in Nairobi in February 1998, …
Human Impact On Karst: The Example Of Lusaka (Zambia), Jo De Waele, Roberto Follesa
Human Impact On Karst: The Example Of Lusaka (Zambia), Jo De Waele, Roberto Follesa
International Journal of Speleology
Lusaka, the capital of Zambia with over 2,000,000 inhabitants, is built on an extensive plateau composed mainly of schists and dolomitic marbles, constituting a very important aquifer that provides the city with almost half of its drinking water needs. Recent demographic growth, leading to uncontrolled urban expansion, and mismanagement of the water resource and of urban waste has lead, in the past 20 years, to an overexploitation of the aquifer and to a generalised water quality depletion, putting in serious danger the future social and economical development of the capital. This third world city has, for these reasons, become a …
Herons And Brown Pelicans Use Cormorants And A Grebe As “Beaters”—Why Does This Foraging Behavior Occur?, William E. Davis Jr.
Herons And Brown Pelicans Use Cormorants And A Grebe As “Beaters”—Why Does This Foraging Behavior Occur?, William E. Davis Jr.
Florida Field Naturalist
No abstract provided.
Site Fidelity And Crown Plumage In Winter Swamp Sparrows In Central Florida, Richard Poole, Meret Wilson, Christine Brown
Site Fidelity And Crown Plumage In Winter Swamp Sparrows In Central Florida, Richard Poole, Meret Wilson, Christine Brown
Florida Field Naturalist
No abstract provided.
Summer Report: June-July 2002, Bill Pranty
Summer Report: June-July 2002, Bill Pranty
Florida Field Naturalist
No abstract provided.
Kleptoparasitism Of Great Blue Herons By American White Pelicans, Stephen A. Nesbitt, Martin J. Folk
Kleptoparasitism Of Great Blue Herons By American White Pelicans, Stephen A. Nesbitt, Martin J. Folk
Florida Field Naturalist
No abstract provided.
First Record Of The Red Fox From The Barrier Island Region Of East-Central Florida, Joseph S. Weidlich, Jane A. Provancha, Kristina M. Herpich
First Record Of The Red Fox From The Barrier Island Region Of East-Central Florida, Joseph S. Weidlich, Jane A. Provancha, Kristina M. Herpich
Florida Field Naturalist
No abstract provided.
American Goldfinches Associate With Pine Warblers In North Florida, Peter H. Homann
American Goldfinches Associate With Pine Warblers In North Florida, Peter H. Homann
Florida Field Naturalist
No abstract provided.
Species Composition And Legal Economic Value Of Wildlife Road-Kills In An Urban Park In Florida, Henry T. Smith, Robert M. Barry, Richard M. Engeman, Stephanie A. Shwiff, William J. B. Miller
Species Composition And Legal Economic Value Of Wildlife Road-Kills In An Urban Park In Florida, Henry T. Smith, Robert M. Barry, Richard M. Engeman, Stephanie A. Shwiff, William J. B. Miller
Florida Field Naturalist
No abstract provided.
Contribution To The Speleology Of Sterkfontein Cave, Gauteng Province, South Africa, J. E. J. Martini, P. E. Wipplinger, H. F. G. Moen, A. Keyser
Contribution To The Speleology Of Sterkfontein Cave, Gauteng Province, South Africa, J. E. J. Martini, P. E. Wipplinger, H. F. G. Moen, A. Keyser
International Journal of Speleology
The authors present more data about the speleological aspect of the Sterkfontein Cave, famous for its bone breccia which yielded abundant hominid remains. They also briefly review the previous voluminous studies by numerous authors, which are mainly dealing with the paleontology, stratigraphy and sedimentology of the breccia. The present investigations were oriented to hitherto poorly investigated aspects such as detail mapping of the cave, its country rock stratigraphy and recording the underground extension of the basal part of the breccia body. The cave consists of a complex network of phreatic channels, developed along joints in Neoarchaean cherty dolostone over a …
Florida Ornithological Society Committees, Florida Field Naturalist
Florida Ornithological Society Committees, Florida Field Naturalist
Florida Field Naturalist
No abstract provided.
Commensal Foraging And A “Beater Effect” Involving Ruddy Turnstones, Sanderlings, Least Sandpipers, And Short-Billed Dowitchers, William E. Davis Jr.
Commensal Foraging And A “Beater Effect” Involving Ruddy Turnstones, Sanderlings, Least Sandpipers, And Short-Billed Dowitchers, William E. Davis Jr.
Florida Field Naturalist
No abstract provided.