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Studies Of The Appalachian Karst: 1770 – Present, Ernst H. Kastning
Studies Of The Appalachian Karst: 1770 – Present, Ernst H. Kastning
Sinkhole Conference 2018
The Appalachian region, extending from New England to Alabama, includes one of the most extensive regions of karst in the United States. It is a complex geologic terrain and has been studied for nearly 250 years. The history of karst study in the region is organized into eight frames of time: (1) Early American Notes and Records, (2) Age of Curiosity, (3) Exploration and Early Tourism, (4) Birth of Modern U.S. Speleology, (5) Landmark Speleogenetic Studies, (6) Organized Caving and Science, (7) Speleological Inflation, and (8) Applied and Environmental Science. Karst science has progressed from merely descriptive accounts to detailed …
Factors Affecting Karst Spring Turbidity In Eastern Washington County, Maryland, David K. Brezinski, Johanna Gemperline, Rebecca Kavage Adams, David W. Bolton
Factors Affecting Karst Spring Turbidity In Eastern Washington County, Maryland, David K. Brezinski, Johanna Gemperline, Rebecca Kavage Adams, David W. Bolton
Sinkhole Conference 2018
Infrequent and episodic turbidity events within the karst spring at the Albert Powell Trout Hatchery in Maryland's eastern Great Valley threatened late winter fry populations. Turbidity events in early winter 2016-2017 prompted detailed geologic, dye tracing, and resistivity studies. The hatchery spring lies at the juncture of a northeast trending thrust fault and a northwest trending cross strike fault. Dye tracing study along these structures produced mixed results. Fluorescein tracing, injected 1,500 m north, and upstream of the spring was used to test the conductivity along the Beaver Creek fault and Beaver Creek. This dye was not conclusively identified at …
Role Of Floods On Sinkhole Occurrence In Covered Karst Terrains: Case Study Of The Orléans Area (France) During The 2016 Meteorological Event And Perspectives For Other Karst Environments, Gildas Noury, Jérôme Perrin, Li-Hua Luu, Pierre Philippe, Sébastien Gourdier
Role Of Floods On Sinkhole Occurrence In Covered Karst Terrains: Case Study Of The Orléans Area (France) During The 2016 Meteorological Event And Perspectives For Other Karst Environments, Gildas Noury, Jérôme Perrin, Li-Hua Luu, Pierre Philippe, Sébastien Gourdier
Sinkhole Conference 2018
The Loire River basin is regularly impacted by sinkholes because of its specific geological context, karstic limestone overlain by soft cover deposits. The intense rainfall event and the associated floods that occurred in this area in May and June 2016 triggered tens of sinkholes in a few square kilometers. At least 20 houses, one flood protection dyke of the Loire River and two highways were damaged by collapses. These events highlight not only the vulnerability of the area, especially in the case of a disastrous flood of the Loire River, but also the unexpected kinetics of the collapse process. Two …
Front Matter, Nckri
Sinkhole Imaging And Identification Of Fractures With SH-Wave Reflection Seismic, Sonja H. Wadas, Saskia Tschache, Ulrich Polom, Charlotte M. Krawczyk
Sinkhole Imaging And Identification Of Fractures With SH-Wave Reflection Seismic, Sonja H. Wadas, Saskia Tschache, Ulrich Polom, Charlotte M. Krawczyk
Sinkhole Conference 2018
Subrosion can result in depressions and sinkholes, which are a geohazard. To improve the knowledge of subrosion processes, high-resolution geophysical imaging and a detailed characterization of subsurface structures are required. One of the main subrosion areas in Germany is along the Kyffhäuser-Southern-Margin-Fault (KSMF) in Thuringia. Two shear wave (SH) reflection seismic profiles of 300 m length in total were carried out along two sinkholes. The near-surface down to ca. 100 m depth was imaged with a resolution of less than 1 m down to 15 m depth and a resolution of 1 m to 3 m at 50 m depth. …
The Hydro-Chemical Characteristics Of A Karst Faulted Basin: Case Study Of The Baiyi Basin, Kunming, China, Hong Liu, Dan Cuicui, Yang Liu, Mengmen Wang
The Hydro-Chemical Characteristics Of A Karst Faulted Basin: Case Study Of The Baiyi Basin, Kunming, China, Hong Liu, Dan Cuicui, Yang Liu, Mengmen Wang
Sinkhole Conference 2018
A fault-controlled karst basin is a special type of karst landform. It is defined as a basin-like topography surrounded by mountains, which is fully or partly karstified. Fault-controlled karst basins play a great role on urbanization and economic development of Yunnan Province which is located in a mountainous region. Baiyi Basin is a sub-basin of the Kunming faulted Basin with typical hydrogeological characteristics for a fault-controlled karst basin. It is also one of the most important drinking water source protection zones of Kunming City. In order to better understand the hydrogeological nature of this fault-controlled karst basin and to better …
Engineering Assessment Of Karst Sinkhole Causation And Prediction In Litigation, Michael Byle
Engineering Assessment Of Karst Sinkhole Causation And Prediction In Litigation, Michael Byle
Sinkhole Conference 2018
Sinkholes in karst environments can cause damage to facilities and structures and pose a health and safety risk. The occurrence of sinkholes is difficult to predict and poses liability to planners, designers, owners, and engineers who practice in these areas. Often times the occurrence of sinkholes leads to litigation over who is responsible and who should have anticipated and designed mitigation to prevent consequences of sinkholes. Where performance does not meet with expectations, individuals are put at risk, or where damage occurs, litigation frequently ensues. The critical components of the litigation often revolve around causation, predictability, and cost to remediate …
A Comparative Study Of Karst Sinkhole Hazard Mapping Using Frequency Ratio And Artificial Neural Network For East Central Florida, Yongje Kim, Boo Hyun Nam
A Comparative Study Of Karst Sinkhole Hazard Mapping Using Frequency Ratio And Artificial Neural Network For East Central Florida, Yongje Kim, Boo Hyun Nam
Sinkhole Conference 2018
Sinkholes are one of the most common geohazards occurring in East Central Florida (ECF). Identifying areas prone to sinkholes is vital for land use planning in the ECF area, and thus, sinkhole hazard mapping plays a critical role. The present study presents (1) sinkhole hazard maps of ECF by using frequency ratio (FR) and artificial neural network (ANN) models and (2) a validation and comparison of the performance of two models. An inventory map with a total of 757 sinkhole locations was prepared from Florida subsidence incident reports (FSIR). 70% (530 sinkholes) were randomly selected to calibrate the sinkhole hazard …
Cold-Air Trap Temperature Records Support Simple High-Density Air-Flow Mechanisms At An Appalachian Limestone Cave Entrance Sinkhole, J. Steven Kite, John Tudek
Cold-Air Trap Temperature Records Support Simple High-Density Air-Flow Mechanisms At An Appalachian Limestone Cave Entrance Sinkhole, J. Steven Kite, John Tudek
Sinkhole Conference 2018
Many Appalachian caves act as cold-air traps, widely open systems chilled by high-density cold air during chilly weather that evolve into density-stratified, nearly closed systems in warm weather. Like algific talus slopes, rock cities, and other cold-air traps in the region, these caves appear to function in accordance with a simple natural refrigeration model popularized by Balch (1900), in which circulation is dominated by static, thermally stratified conditions intermittently disrupted by sinking cold air. Crowder Cave, in Monroe County, West Virginia, hosts two separate cold-air traps in chambers contiguous to an entrance pit, a ~12,000 m3 sinkhole lined with 6 …
Physical And Numerical Analysis On The Mechanical Behavior Of Cover-Collapse Sinkholes In Central Florida, Moataz H. Soliman, Adam L. Perez, Boo Hyun Nam, Ming Ye
Physical And Numerical Analysis On The Mechanical Behavior Of Cover-Collapse Sinkholes In Central Florida, Moataz H. Soliman, Adam L. Perez, Boo Hyun Nam, Ming Ye
Sinkhole Conference 2018
The behavior of cover-collapse sinkholes in Central Florida was investigated in this research by both physical and numerical methods. In the physical model, a head drop between the unconfined aquifer and the confined aquifer was applied, and the cavity propagation due to a fracture at the boundary between the two aquifers was visually monitored. The cavity grew upwards in an inverted triangle shape until ground surface collapse occurred. The same cavity shape was then incorporated into the numerical study. A stress-seepage coupled analysis was carried out using GeoStudio modules: SEEP/W and SIGMA/W, simultaneously. The stress conditions during sinkhole formation were …
Lithology As An Erosional Control On The Cave Branch And Horn Hollow Fluviokarst Watersheds In Carter County, Kentucky, Andrew K. Francis, Eric W. Peterson, Toby Dogwiler
Lithology As An Erosional Control On The Cave Branch And Horn Hollow Fluviokarst Watersheds In Carter County, Kentucky, Andrew K. Francis, Eric W. Peterson, Toby Dogwiler
Sinkhole Conference 2018
Variation in rock erodibility controls the rate of surface development providing information on the landscape evolution. In fluviokarst systems, the contrast between carbonate and non-carbonate rocks may alter the topographic evolution of the system. In Carter County, Kentucky, the Cave Branch and Horn Hollow fluviokarst systems comprise limestone overlain and capped by sandstone. Streams in the watersheds illustrate erosional differences associated with lithology. Developing as a function of the rock erodibility, uplift rates, and stream power, longitudinal stream profiles provide a means to evaluate variability in denudation rates. Using the integral method of channel profile analysis, we examine if variation …
A Way To Predict Natural Hazards In Karst, Pierre-Yves Jeannin, Arnauld Malard
A Way To Predict Natural Hazards In Karst, Pierre-Yves Jeannin, Arnauld Malard
Sinkhole Conference 2018
Flooding, ground collapses, subsidence and contamination are hazards often encountered in a karst environment. All are strongly associated to water. A good knowledge of the distribution of groundwater potentiometric heads and fluxes in space and time is necessary to predict and prevent these hazards. A series of karst-specific approaches are being developed by SISKA (Swiss Institute for Speleology and Karst-Studies) in order to provide this type of information within a reasonable effort. Most of these are based on a key-approach (KARSYS) and could be successively applied to address issues in karst environment. Applications for flood and sinkhole hazards are presented. …
Using Geophysics To Map Bedrock Faults, Dikes, And Surficial Geology In Relation To Karst Features In The Briery Branch Quadrangle, Rockingham County, Virginia, Brent B. Waters, Daniel H. Doctor, Joel P. Maynard
Using Geophysics To Map Bedrock Faults, Dikes, And Surficial Geology In Relation To Karst Features In The Briery Branch Quadrangle, Rockingham County, Virginia, Brent B. Waters, Daniel H. Doctor, Joel P. Maynard
Sinkhole Conference 2018
Several faults have been identified in the Cambrian and Ordovician carbonate sequence in western Rockingham County, Virginia. These faults were recognized by mapping offsets between stratigraphic units in the hanging wall of the North Mountain fault system. Portions of these faults are associated with karst features, but are covered by alluvium and thick soil development in the floodplains of Dry River and Briery Branch; therefore, the position of the faults could not be located with accuracy through surface mapping alone. In an earlier study, ground penetrating radar (GPR) and audio-magnetotellurics (AMT) geophysical methods were used to locate the expression of …
Quantitative Comparison Of Sinkhole Geomorphology Of Four Karst Regions In Ohio, Douglas Aden
Quantitative Comparison Of Sinkhole Geomorphology Of Four Karst Regions In Ohio, Douglas Aden
Sinkhole Conference 2018
The Ohio Geological Survey has mapped karst in Ohio since 2009. Field mapping of sinkholes has suggested that geomorphological parameters vary between the Bellevue, Delaware, Hillsboro, and Springfield karst regions. Statistical tests confirm that these parameters distinguish the four regions. An understanding of how they differ and what causes those differences can be used to better manage these karst features. Differences between sinkholes within each region were quantified using nine parameters derived from digital elevation model (DEM) analysis. These parameters included: depth, perimeter, area, volume, length of major and minor axes, eccentricity, circularity index, and orientation of karst features. Of …
The Extreme Karstification Of The Kinta Valley, West Malaysia, Ros Fatihah Muhammad
The Extreme Karstification Of The Kinta Valley, West Malaysia, Ros Fatihah Muhammad
Sinkhole Conference 2018
Surface limestone makes up only about 7% of the whole karst area; the greater subsurface area lies beneath thick alluvial sediments. The depth of the subsurface varies from 9 m to more than 60 m, and shows various topographies from platforms with flat concordant tops to jagged sharp pinnacles with rounded tops. The ratio of surface to subsurface karst can be used as an indication of the intensity of dissolution that occurs and of advanced degradation. Based on its association with tin-rich alluvium, it is believed that the karst in this area developed mostly under a pluvial environment and the …
Avoiding Caverns In The Arbuckle Mountains Using Electrical Imaging Methods, Peter J. Hutchinson
Avoiding Caverns In The Arbuckle Mountains Using Electrical Imaging Methods, Peter J. Hutchinson
Sinkhole Conference 2018
The Arbuckle Mountains in Oklahoma are a unique province with nearly vertical dipping beds of the Upper Cambrian to Lower Ordovician Arbuckle Group. The Arbuckle Group consists of intercalated sequences of thick carbonates and thinner shales and sandstones. Syn-Pennsylvanian mountain building steeply tilted these beds. Subsequently, caves and voids developed within the carbonate beds, presumably by hypogene speleogenesis. Numerous dissolution cavities and several major cave systems have been mapped within the Arbuckle Mountain Wind Farm located 19 km north of Ardmore, Oklahoma. Electrical resistivity imaging was determined to be the most effective method of mapping subsurface voids and caverns due …
Bulk Chemistry Of Karst Sediment Deposits, Mohammad Shokri, Dorothy Vesper, Ellen Herman, Ljiljana Rajic, Kimerly Hetrick, Ingrid Y. Padilla, Akram Alshawabkeh
Bulk Chemistry Of Karst Sediment Deposits, Mohammad Shokri, Dorothy Vesper, Ellen Herman, Ljiljana Rajic, Kimerly Hetrick, Ingrid Y. Padilla, Akram Alshawabkeh
Sinkhole Conference 2018
Sediments are ubiquitous in karst systems and play a critical role in the fate and transport of contaminants. Sorbed contaminants may be stored on immobile sediments or rapidly dispersed on mobile sediments. Sediments may also influence remediation by either enhancing or interfering with the process. To better understand the potential effects of sediments on remediation, we conducted physical and chemical characterizations of 11 sediment samples from 7 cave and spring deposits from karst regions of Tennessee, Virginia and West Virginia. The samples were analyzed for particle-size distribution using sieves and laser diffraction particle analysis. The sediment size fraction <2 mm>(sand, silt, …
Geochemical Comparison Of Karst And Clastic Springs In The Appalachian Valley & Ridge Province, Southeastern West Virginia And Central Pennsylvania, Emily Bausher, Autum R. Downey, Dorothy J. Vesper
Geochemical Comparison Of Karst And Clastic Springs In The Appalachian Valley & Ridge Province, Southeastern West Virginia And Central Pennsylvania, Emily Bausher, Autum R. Downey, Dorothy J. Vesper
Sinkhole Conference 2018
The Appalachian Valley and Ridge (V&R) Province extends over 11 states and is an essential water supply. The regional geology consists of more resistant clastic rocks, typically sandstones and mixed shales, which form the ridge tops and mountain flanks, and carbonate rocks that underlie the valleys. In this study, we report the geochemistry of different types of springs on and near Peter’s Mountain in Monroe County, WV. More than 250 springs have been mapped in the ~225 km2 study area on and adjacent to Peter’s Mountain. These data are compared with preliminary data collected from sandstone-sourced springs from central PA …
Laboratory Testing Of The Potential For The Influence Of Suspended Sediments On The Electrochemical Remediation Of Karst Groundwater, Kimberly Hetrick, Ljiljana Rajic, Akram Alshawabkeh, Dorothy Vesper, Mohammad Shokri
Laboratory Testing Of The Potential For The Influence Of Suspended Sediments On The Electrochemical Remediation Of Karst Groundwater, Kimberly Hetrick, Ljiljana Rajic, Akram Alshawabkeh, Dorothy Vesper, Mohammad Shokri
Sinkhole Conference 2018
Due to the complicated nature of karst aquifers, many groundwater treatment technologies are difficult to implement successfully. A particular challenge arises because sediments are ubiquitous and mobile in karst systems and may either facilitate contaminant transport or act as long-term substrates for storage via sorption. However, electrochemical remediation is a promising technology to be optimized for karst aquifers due to easy manipulation and control of groundwater chemistry, low cost, ability for in situ application, and performance under alternative power sources. This study investigates the effects of suspended karst sediments on the groundwater electrochemical remediation via electro-Fention (EF) mechanism. The EF …
The Water Chemical Characteristics Of Qinglongdong Karst Spring, Kunming, China, Binggui Cai, Hong Liu
The Water Chemical Characteristics Of Qinglongdong Karst Spring, Kunming, China, Binggui Cai, Hong Liu
Sinkhole Conference 2018
Karst water plays a very important role in providing a municipal water supply in Kunming City, Yunnan Proving, China. It contributes approximately 50% of the drinking water for the city. Given the rapidly growth in urbanization and of the economy of Kunming City in the last decades, most karst springs have been suffering from human impact, in both quality and quantity. Qinglongdong Spring (QLDS) is located in Dabanqiao village, Northwestern Kunming, 23 km away from Kunming downtown and is an important component of the water supply system of Kunming City. It was previously abandoned in 2003 and 2004 due to …
Review Of Monitoring And Early Warning Technologies For Cover-Collapse Sinkholes, Zongyuan Pan, Xiaozhen Jiang, Mingtang Lei, Jianling Dai, Yuanbing Wu, Yongli Gao
Review Of Monitoring And Early Warning Technologies For Cover-Collapse Sinkholes, Zongyuan Pan, Xiaozhen Jiang, Mingtang Lei, Jianling Dai, Yuanbing Wu, Yongli Gao
Sinkhole Conference 2018
Sinkhole collapse has become a major geohazard in many karst areas. The development of monitoring and early warning technologies is essential to investigate mechanisms of sinkhole formation. This paper reviews latest research on monitoring and early warning technologies surrounding cover-collapse sinkholes. Monitoring the hydrodynamic conditions in areas susceptible of sinkhole collapse has proven to be useful to help understand the relationship of rainfall, surface water, and groundwater in karst areas. Monitoring hydrodynamic conditions of karst groundwater includes rainfall monitoring, groundwater level monitoring, air pressure monitoring, and groundwater quality monitoring. Observations from the monitoring system and known sinkhole collapses could be …
Electronic Access To Minnesota Springs, Karst Features & Groundwater Tracing Information, Jeffery A. Green, Robert G. Tipping, John D. Barry, Gregory A. Brick, Betty J. Wheeler, J. Wes Rutelonis, Bart C. Richardson, E. Calvin Alexander Jr.
Electronic Access To Minnesota Springs, Karst Features & Groundwater Tracing Information, Jeffery A. Green, Robert G. Tipping, John D. Barry, Gregory A. Brick, Betty J. Wheeler, J. Wes Rutelonis, Bart C. Richardson, E. Calvin Alexander Jr.
Sinkhole Conference 2018
Minnesota karst related information has been made electronically accessible through three interrelated databases, the Minnesota Karst Feature Database (KFD), the Minnesota Groundwater Tracing Database (MGTD), and the Minnesota Spring Inventory (MSI). Collectively, this information is a significant asset for use in water resource planning and management in the State of Minnesota. The KFD and MGTD focus primarily on the karst regions of southeastern Minnesota while MSI has extensive coverage within the karst regions of Minnesota, but also extends to all other areas of the state. Reporting associated with four decades of collaborative work pertaining to karst is also available via …
Patterns Of Heterogeneity Within Phreatic Karst Aquifers Of The Great Valley, Virginia And West Virginia: Evidence From Time Series Hydrologic Monitoring, Groundwater Chemistry, And Stygobite Site Occupancy, Wil Orndorff, Daniel H. Doctor, Tom Malabad, Katarina Kosič Ficco, Zenah Orndorff, Andrea Futrell
Patterns Of Heterogeneity Within Phreatic Karst Aquifers Of The Great Valley, Virginia And West Virginia: Evidence From Time Series Hydrologic Monitoring, Groundwater Chemistry, And Stygobite Site Occupancy, Wil Orndorff, Daniel H. Doctor, Tom Malabad, Katarina Kosič Ficco, Zenah Orndorff, Andrea Futrell
Sinkhole Conference 2018
Phreatic karst waters in the Central Appalachian Great Valley are the subject of an ongoing habitat monitoring project across the geographic range of the federally threatened Madison Cave Isopod (MCI, Antrolana lira), a stygobitic crustacean previously documented at each monitoring site. Eight caves and five wells were monitored, via instrumentation, hourly from June, 2016 thru October, 2017 for water level (WL), temperature (T), and specific conductivity (Cs.) Sites were visited quarterly to download data, collect water samples, and deploy baited traps to assess occupancy by stygobitic fauna. Samples were analyzed for major ions, inorganic carbon, and stable water isotopes. Precipitation …
Investigating Vadose Zone Hydrology In A Karst Terrain Through Hydrograph And Chemical Time-Series Of Cave Drips At Grand Caverns, Virginia, Joshua R. Benton, Daniel H. Doctor
Investigating Vadose Zone Hydrology In A Karst Terrain Through Hydrograph And Chemical Time-Series Of Cave Drips At Grand Caverns, Virginia, Joshua R. Benton, Daniel H. Doctor
Sinkhole Conference 2018
Caves provide useful access points for sampling and monitoring of vadose groundwater to better understand the hydrologic conditions controlling the timing and magnitude of critical recharge events. In this study, two cave ceiling drips within a single room at Grand Caverns, Virginia have been monitored simultaneously for changes in drip rate, electrical conductivity, and geochemistry from February, 2014 to July, 2017. The results show distinctly different behavior in the discharge between the two drip sites. One site exhibits seasonal changes in flow rate while the other site has remained nearly constant at 0.018 L/h. The dynamic site has a lower …
Investigating Subsurface Void Spaces And Groundwater In Cave Hill Karst Using Resistivity, Jacob A. Gochenour, R. Shane Mcgary, Gregory Gosselin, Ben Suranovic
Investigating Subsurface Void Spaces And Groundwater In Cave Hill Karst Using Resistivity, Jacob A. Gochenour, R. Shane Mcgary, Gregory Gosselin, Ben Suranovic
Sinkhole Conference 2018
Grand Caverns Natural National Landmark lies in the southeastern Shenandoah Valley and is home to the oldest show cave in the United States. The park and adjacent private lands include a complex of five known caves: Grand Caverns, Madison Cave, Steger’s Fissure, Jefferson Cave, and Fountain Cave, all encompassed within the northern section of Cave Hill. The cave complex lies below a series of sinkholes that run in two approximately north to south parallel lines. One sinkhole, the site of a U.S. Geological Survey study, was selected as a location of interest due to the possible existence of a perched …
Case Histories: Karst Successes And Failures In The Eastern United States, Walter G. Kutschke
Case Histories: Karst Successes And Failures In The Eastern United States, Walter G. Kutschke
Sinkhole Conference 2018
A basic understanding of karst development and sinkhole formation is that water drives everything in karst. Design efforts need to consider this basic karst principle before undertaking any meaningful design. Another aspect of karst often overlooked by engineers is that sinkholes are direct input points where surface water can access the karst aquifer and impact water quality and hibernacula of caving dwelling species. Site characterization activities in karst typically only involve test borings and geophysical methods. These methods provide a valuable snap-shot in time of subsurface conditions, which is important, but they provide no insight into groundwater fluctuations. Case histories …
Linking Geology And Geotechnical Engineering In Karst: The Qatar Geologic Mapping Project, Randall C. Orndorff, Michael A. Knight, Joseph T. Krupansky, Khaled M. Al-Akhras, Robert G. Stamm, Umi Salmah Abdul Samad, Elalim Ahmed
Linking Geology And Geotechnical Engineering In Karst: The Qatar Geologic Mapping Project, Randall C. Orndorff, Michael A. Knight, Joseph T. Krupansky, Khaled M. Al-Akhras, Robert G. Stamm, Umi Salmah Abdul Samad, Elalim Ahmed
Sinkhole Conference 2018
During a time of expanding population and aging urban infrastructure, it is critical to have accurate geotechnical and geological information to enable adequate design and make appropriate provisions for construction. This is especially important in karst terrains that are prone to sinkhole hazards and groundwater quantity and quality issues. The State of Qatar in the Middle East, a country underlain by carbonate and evaporite rocks and having abundant karst features, has recognized the significance of reliable and accurate geological and geotechnical information and has undertaken a project to develop a robust geotechnical relational database and prepare geologic and thematic digital …
Site Selection Of The World's Largest Radio Telescope Within The Dawodang Karst Depression, Boqin Zhu, Yongli Gao, Wenjing Cai, Xiaoan Shi
Site Selection Of The World's Largest Radio Telescope Within The Dawodang Karst Depression, Boqin Zhu, Yongli Gao, Wenjing Cai, Xiaoan Shi
Sinkhole Conference 2018
The world's largest single-aperture radio telescope, the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST), was constructed within an extremely large karst depression, Dawodang, in Pingtang, Guizhou, China. The FAST system will improve the sensitivity and extent of astronomical investigations in the near future. In June 1994, astronomers decided to construct the next generation and largest radio telescope. Many types of topographical depressions such as mine pits, volcanic craters, meteor craters, karst depressions, and extremely large sinkholes were considered during the site selection process. Considering the size, spherical shape, bearing capacities, and ease of drainage of karst depressions, extremely large karst depressions …
Photolinears, Fractures, And Fallacies: A Post Hoc Study Of Photolineaments, Hillsborough County, Florida, Michael C. Alfieri, Sam B. Upchurch, Thomas L. Dobecki
Photolinears, Fractures, And Fallacies: A Post Hoc Study Of Photolineaments, Hillsborough County, Florida, Michael C. Alfieri, Sam B. Upchurch, Thomas L. Dobecki
Sinkhole Conference 2018
There is a misconception by some in the geologic and non-geologic communities of Florida that photolineaments and vertical bedrock fractures are one and the same. The main objectives of this paper are (1) to document a case study where a comprehensive geophysical and geotechnical exploration program was undertaken to verify a high-quality photolinear analysis; and, based on the case study, (2) evaluate the validity of photolinears as indicators of vertical bedrock fractures in the covered karst terrain of west-central Florida. The case study, an investigation by Upchurch et al. (1999), was an analysis of photolineaments at a 445-ha site intended …
Mapping Of Potential Show Caves In The Racha Limestone Massif (Country Of Georgia), Lasha Asanidze, Zaza Lezhava, Nino Chikhradze, George Gaprindashvili, Guranda Avkopashvili
Mapping Of Potential Show Caves In The Racha Limestone Massif (Country Of Georgia), Lasha Asanidze, Zaza Lezhava, Nino Chikhradze, George Gaprindashvili, Guranda Avkopashvili
Sinkhole Conference 2018
Abstract: The Racha limestone massif is located in the eastern part of the karst zone of western Georgia. The massif is a typical example of Georgian mountain karst regions, where diverse surface and subsurface karst landforms are found. The main aim of this research is to present mapping of two potential show caves, and document speleological information from the Racha limestone massif. The morphological parameters and tectonic directions of the Muradi and Usholta Caves were mapped using the compass-clinometer and laser distance meter, to compile 3D models of the caves. To our knowledge these are the first 3D models of …