Digital Commons Network^™

Pervasive Iron Limitation At Subsurface Chlorophyll Maxima Of The California Current, Shane L. Hogle, Christopher L. Dupont, Brian M. Hopkinson, Andrew L. King, Kristen N. Buck, Kelly L. Roe, Rhona K. Stuart, Andrew E. Allen, Elizabeth L. Mann, Zackary I. Johnson, Katherine A. Barbeau

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Subsurface chlorophyll maximum layers (SCMLs) are nearly ubiquitous in stratified water columns and exist at horizontal scales ranging from the submesoscale to the extent of oligotrophic gyres. These layers of heightened chlorophyll and/or phytoplankton concentrations are generally thought to be a consequence of a balance between light energy from above and a limiting nutrient flux from below, typically nitrate (NO₃). Here we present multiple lines of evidence demonstrating that iron (Fe) limits or with light colimits phytoplankton communities in SCMLs along a primary productivity gradient from coastal to oligotrophic offshore waters in the southern California Current ecosystem. SCML …

Ocean Deoxygenation And Zooplankton: Very Small Oxygen Differences Matter, K. F. Wishner, Brad A. Seibel, C. Roman, C. Deutsch, D. Outram, Caroline T. Shaw, Matthew A. Birk, K. A. S. Mislan, T. J. Adams, D. Moore, S. Riley

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Oxygen minimum zones (OMZs), large midwater regions of very low oxygen, are expected to expand as a result of climate change. While oxygen is known to be important in structuring midwater ecosystems, a precise and mechanistic understanding of the effects of oxygen on zooplankton is lacking. Zooplankton are important components of midwater food webs and biogeochemical cycles. Here, we show that, in the eastern tropical North Pacific OMZ, previously undescribed submesoscale oxygen variability has a direct effect on the distribution of many major zooplankton groups. Despite extraordinary hypoxia tolerance, many zooplankton live near their physiological limits and respond to slight …

Hurricane-Induced Changes In The Everglades National Park Mangrove Forest: Landsat Observations Between 1985 And 2017, Xingxing Han, Lian Feng, Chuanmin Hu, Philip Kramer

Marine Science Faculty Publications

The Everglades National Park (ENP) has one of the largest mangrove forests in the United States, yet due to lack of data and methods, there has been no multidecadal record of detailed changes in its mangrove forests, not to mention their response to periodic hurricanes. Here, based on remote sensing spectroscopy, multisensor cross calibration, spectral normalization, and pixel unmixing, we develop a stepwise method to map distributions and changes of the ENP mangrove forests and other major wetlands cover types (marshes and hardwood hammocks) over the last three decades. The time series of Landsat-based results indicate statistically significant increasing trend …

Fluctuating Fishing Intensities And Climate Dynamics Reorganize The Gulf Of Mexico's Fisheries Resources, Joshua P. Kilborn, Michael Drexler, David L. Jones

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Integrated ecosystem assessment provides a practical framework for implementing ecosystem‐based fisheries management (EBFM) while also balancing socioeconomic and ecological objectives. However, significant challenges remain, including (1) the identification of relevant ecosystem‐level fisheries management indicators; (2) quantitatively describing the historical qualitative changes to fisheries ecosystem resource organization; (3) elucidating dynamic system regimes and their trade‐offs related to variability in both natural and anthropogenic drivers; and (4) distilling and communicating the results to stakeholders and managers. Here, we describe the Ecosystem‐Level, Management‐Indicator Selection Tool (EL‐MIST), which was developed to address these EBFM challenges. We also present a case study from the Gulf …

Coastal Ocean And Continental Shelves, Chuanmin Hu, Frank Muller-Karger, Lisa Robbins

Marine Science Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Remote Sensing Of Sargassum Biomass, Nutrients, And Pigments, Mengqiu Wang, Chuanmin Hu, Jennifer Cannizzaro, David English, Xingxing Han, David Naar, Brian Lapointe, Rachel Brewton, Frank Hernandez

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Field and laboratory experiments are designed to measure Sargassum biomass per area (density), surface reflectance, nutrient contents, and pigment concentrations. An alternative floating algae index-biomass density model is established to link the spectral reflectance to Sargassum biomass density, with a relative uncertainty of ~12%. Monthly mean integrated Sargassum biomass in the Caribbean Sea and central West Atlantic reached at least 4.4 million tons in July 2015. The average %C, %N, and %P per dry weight are 27.16, 1.06, and 0.10, respectively. The mean chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration is ~0.05% of the dry weight. With these parameters, the amounts of nutrients and …

A 3,000‐Year Lag Between The Geological And Ecological Shutdown Of Florida's Coral Reefs, Lauren T. Toth, Isla B. Kuffner, Anastasios Stathakopoulos, Eugene Shinn

Marine Science Faculty Publications

The global‐scale degradation of coral reefs has reached a critical threshold wherein further declines threaten both ecological functionality and the persistence of reef structure. Geological records can provide valuable insights into the long‐term controls on reef development that may be key to solving the modern coral‐reef crisis. Our analyses of new and existing coral‐reef cores from throughout the Florida Keys reef tract (FKRT) revealed significant spatial and temporal variability in reef development during the Holocene. Whereas maximum Holocene reef thickness in the Dry Tortugas was comparable to elsewhere in the western Atlantic, most of Florida's reefs had relatively thin accumulations …

Integrated Observations And Informatics Improve Understanding Of Changing Marine Ecosystems, Abigail Benson, Cassandra M. Brooks, Gabrielle Canonico, Emmett Duffy, Frank Muller-Karger, Heidi M. Sosik, Patricia Miloslavich, Eduardo Klein

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Marine ecosystems have numerous benefits for human societies around the world and many policy initiatives now seek to maintain the health of these ecosystems. To enable wise decisions, up to date and accurate information on marine species and the state of the environment they live in is required. Moreover, this information needs to be openly accessible to build indicators and conduct timely assessments that decision makers can use. The questions and problems being addressed demand global-scale investigations, transdisciplinary science, and mechanisms to integrate and distribute data that otherwise would appear to be disparate. Essential Ocean Variables (EOVs) and marine Essential …

Developing Community-Based Scientific Priorities And New Drilling Proposals In The Southern Indian And Southwestern Pacific Oceans, Robert Mckay, Neville Exon, Dietmar Müller, Karsten Gohl, Michael Gurnis, Amelia E. Shevenell, Stuart Henrys, Fumio Inagaki, Dhananjai Pandey, Jessica Whiteside

Marine Science Faculty Publications

An International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) workshop was held at Sydney University, Australia, from 13 to 16 June 2017 and was attended by 97 scientists from 12 countries. The aim of the workshop was to investigate future drilling opportunities in the eastern Indian Ocean, southwestern Pacific Ocean, and the Indian and Pacific sectors of the Southern Ocean. The overlying regional sedimentary strata are underexplored relative to their Northern Hemisphere counterparts, and thus the role of the Southern Hemisphere in past global environmental change is poorly constrained. A total of 23 proposal ideas were discussed, with ∼ 12 of these deemed …

Epifaunal Foraminifera In An Infaunal World: Insights Into The Influence Of Heterogeneity On The Benthic Ecology Of Oxygen-Poor, Deep-Sea Habitats, Ryan A. Venturelli, Anthony E. Rathburn, Ashley M. Burkett, Wiebke Ziebis

Marine Science Faculty Publications

A reduction in dissolved oxygen availability in marine habitats is among the predicted consequences of increasing global temperatures. An understanding of past oxygenation is critical for predictions of future changes in the extent and distribution of oxygen minimum zones (OMZs). Benthic foraminifera have been used to assess changes in paleo-oxygenation, and according to prevailing thought, oxygen-poor marine benthic habitats are dominated by sediment-dwelling infaunal foraminifera, while more oxygenated environments are populated with more epifaunal taxa. However, in this study we found elevated densities of epifaunal taxa in oxygen-poor habitats. A series of 16 multicores were taken on depth transects (360–3000 …

Future-Proofing The Cenozoic Macroperforate Planktonic Foraminifera Phylogeny Of Aze & Others (2011), Barry G. Fordham, Tracy Aze, Christian Haller, Abdullah K. Zehady, Paul N. Pearson, James G. Ogg, Bridget S. Wade

Marine Science Faculty Publications

The unique macroevolutionary dataset of Aze & others has been transferred onto the TimeScale Creator visualisation platform while, as much as practicable, preserving the original unrevised content of its morphospecies and lineage evolutionary trees. This is a “Corrected Version” (not a revision), which can serve as an on-going historical case example because it is now updatable with future time scales. Both macroevolutionary and biostratigraphic communities are now equipped with an enduring phylogenetic database of Cenozoic macroperforate planktonic foraminiferal morphospecies and lineages for which both graphics and content can be visualised together. Key to maintaining the currency of the trees has …

Spatial And Temporal Variability Of PCo2, Carbon Fluxes, And Saturation State On The West Florida Shelf, Lisa L. Robbins, Kendra L. Daly, L. Barbero, R. Wanninkhof, R. He, H. Zong, J. T. Lisle, W. J. Cai, C. G. Smith

Marine Science Faculty Publications

The West Florida Shelf (WFS) is a source of uncertainty for the Gulf of Mexico carbon budget. Data from the synthesis of approximately 135,000 pCO₂ values from 97 cruises from the WFS show that the shelf waters fluctuate between being a weak source to a weak sink of carbon. Overall, the shelf acts as a weak source of CO₂ at 0.32 ± 1.5 mol m⁻² yr⁻¹. Subregions, however, reveal slightly different trends, where surface waters associated with 40–200‐m isobath in the northern and southern WFS are generally weak sinks all year, except for summer …

The Geotraces Intermediate Data Product 2017, Reiner Schlitzer, Robert F. Anderson, Elena Dodas, Maeve Lohan, Walter Geibert, Alessandro Tagliabue, Kristen N. Buck, Tim Conway, Stephen Galer, Ruifang Xie

Marine Science Faculty Publications

The GEOTRACES Intermediate Data Product 2017 (IDP2017) is the second publicly available data product of the international GEOTRACES programme, and contains data measured and quality controlled before the end of 2016. The IDP2017 includes data from the Atlantic, Pacific, Arctic, Southern and Indian oceans, with about twice the data volume of the previous IDP2014. For the first time, the IDP2017 contains data for a large suite of biogeochemical parameters as well as aerosol and rain data characterising atmospheric trace element and isotope (TEI) sources. The TEI data in the IDP2017 are quality controlled by careful assessment of intercalibration results and …

Airborne Bacteria In Earth's Lower Stratosphere Resemble Taxa Detected In The Troposphere: Results From A New Nasa Aircraft Bioaerosol Collector (Abc), David J. Smith, Jayamary D. Ravichandar, Sunit Jain, Dale W. Griffin, Hongbin Yu, Qian Tan, James Thissen, Terry Lusby, Patrick Nicoll, Sarah Shedler

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Airborne microorganisms in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere remain elusive due to a lack of reliable sample collection systems. To address this problem, we designed, installed, and flight-validated a novel Aircraft Bioaerosol Collector (ABC) for NASA's C-20A that can make collections for microbiological research investigations up to altitudes of 13.7 km. Herein we report results from the first set of science flights—four consecutive missions flown over the United States (US) from 30 October to 2 November, 2017. To ascertain how the concentration of airborne bacteria changed across the tropopause, we collected air during aircraft Ascent/Descent (0.3 to …

Challenges In Using Celltracker Green On Foraminifers That Host Algal Endosymbionts, Benjamin J. Ross, Pamela Hallock

Marine Science Faculty Publications

The uses of fluorescent microscopy and fluorescent probes, such as the metabolically activated probe CellTracker^TM Green CMFDA (CTG), have become common in studies of living Foraminifera. This metabolic requirement, as well as the relatively quick production of the fluorescent reaction products, makes CTG a prime candidate for determining mortality in bioassay and other laboratory experiments. Previous work with the foraminifer Amphistegina gibbosa, which hosts diatom endosymbionts, has shown that the species is capable of surviving both acute chemical exposure and extended periods of total darkness by entering a low-activity dormant state. This paper explores the use of CTG and …

Global Sea-Level Budget 1993–Present, Wcrp Global Sea Level Budget Group, Don P. Chambers, Gary T. Mitchum

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Global mean sea level is an integral of changes occurring in the climate system in response to unforced climate variability as well as natural and anthropogenic forcing factors. Its temporal evolution allows changes (e.g., acceleration) to be detected in one or more components. Study of the sea-level budget provides constraints on missing or poorly known contributions, such as the unsurveyed deep ocean or the still uncertain land water component. In the context of the World Climate Research Programme Grand Challenge entitled Regional Sea Level and Coastal Impacts, an international effort involving the sea-level community worldwide has been recently initiated with …

Characterizing Residence Patterns Of North Atlantic Right Whales In The Southeastern Usa With A Multistate Open Robust Design Model, A. M. Krzystan, T. A. Gowan, W. L. Kendall, J. Martin, J. G. Ortega-Ortiz, K. Jackson, A. R. Knowlton, P. Naessig, M. Zani, D. W. Schulte, C. R. Taylor

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Effective conservation of endangered North Atlantic right whales Eubalaena glacialis requires information about their spatio-temporal distribution. Understanding temporal distribution is particularly important, because a portion of the population migrates between high-latitude summer feeding grounds off the northeastern USA and Canadian Maritimes coasts and lower-latitude calving and wintering grounds off the southeastern US coast (SEUS). Here, we modeled SEUS residence patterns using photo-identification data from coastal South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida from 7 winter seasons (2004/2005-2010/2011). We used multistate open robust design models to evaluate effects of reproductive status, demographic group, and environmental conditions on SEUS residence. Model estimates accounted for …

Numerical Modeling Of The Interactions Of Oil, Marine Snow, And Riverine Sediments In The Ocean, Anusha L. Dissanayake, Adrian B. Burd, Kendra L. Daly, Simone Francis, Uta Passow

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Natural or spilled oil in the ocean can interact with marine snow and sediment from riverine sources and form Marine Oil Snow (MOS) aggregates including aggregates consisting of phytoplankton, detritus, and feces. Such aggregates have a fractal structure and can transport oil from the surface layers to greater depths in the ocean, eventually settling on the seafloor. In recent studies of the Deepwater Horizon and IXTOC‐1 oil spills in the Gulf of Mexico, this process was identified as one of the main mechanisms for transporting oil vertically in the water column. We have adapted a stochastic, one‐dimensional numerical model that …

Diurnal Changes Of Cyanobacteria Blooms In Taihu Lake As Derived From Goci Observations, Lin Qi, Chuanmin Hu, Petra M. Visser, Ronghua Ma

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Using frequent and long‐term measurements (eight times per day, 2011 to present) from a geostationary satellite sensor (Geostationary Ocean Color Imager, GOCI), this study investigates diurnal changes of cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa blooms (near‐surface high concentrations or surface scums) in Taihu Lake, from which vertical migration patterns could be inferred. After proper atmospheric correction, a cyanobacterial index algorithm is used to quantify equivalent surface cyanobacterial density (σ, 0–100%) at both pixel and synoptic scales from each cloud‐free image, followed by analysis of diurnal changing patterns of σ at both scales. Three typical diurnal changing patterns are identified from all …

Biotime: A Database Of Biodiversity Time Series For The Anthropocene, Maria Dornelas, Laura H. Antão, Faye Moyes, Amanda E. Bates, Anne E. Magurran, Dušan Adam, Asem A. Akhmetzhanova, Ward Appeltans, José M. Arcos, Christopher D. Stallings

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Motivation: The BioTIME database contains raw data on species identities and abundances in ecological assemblages through time. These data enable users to calculate temporal trends in biodiversity within and amongst assemblages using a broad range of metrics. BioTIME is being developed as a community‐led open‐source database of biodiversity time series. Our goal is to accelerate and facilitate quantitative analysis of temporal patterns of biodiversity in the Anthropocene.

Main types of variables included: The database contains 8,777,413 species abundance records, from assemblages consistently sampled for a minimum of 2 years, which need not necessarily be consecutive. In addition, the database contains …

Phytoplankton Size Class In The East China Sea Derived From Modis Satellite Data, Hailong Zhang, Shengquiang Wang, Zhongfeng Qiu, Deyong Sun, Joji Ishizaka, Shaojie Sun, Yijun He

Marine Science Faculty Publications

The distribution and variation of phytoplankton size class (PSC) are key to understanding ocean biogeochemical processes and ecosystems. Remote sensing of the PSC in the East China Sea (ECS) remains a challenge, although many algorithms have been developed to estimate PSC. Here based on a local dataset from the ECS, a regional model was tuned to estimate the PSC from the spectral features of normalized phytoplankton absorption (aph) using a principal component analysis approach. Before applying the refined PSC model to MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) data, reconstructing satellite remote sensing reflectance (Rrs) at 412 and …

Simulating Transport Pathways Of Pelagic Sargassum From The Equatorial Atlantic Into The Caribbean Sea, Nathan F. Putman, Gustavo J. Goni, Lewis J. Gramer, Chuanmin Hu, Elizabeth M. Johns, Joaquin Trinanes, Mengqiu Wang

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Since 2011, beach inundation of massive amounts of pelagic Sargassum algae has occurred around the Caribbean nations and islands. Previous studies have applied satellite ocean color to determine the origins of this phenomenon. These techniques, combined with complementary approaches, suggest that, rather than blooms originating in the Caribbean, they arrive from the Equatorial Atlantic. However, oceanographic context for these occurrences remains limited. Here, we present results from synthetic particle tracking experiments that characterize the interannual and seasonal dynamics of ocean currents and winds likely to influence the transport of Sargassum from the Equatorial Atlantic into the Caribbean Sea. Our findings …

Accuracy And Precision Of Tidal Wetland Soil Carbon Mapping In The Conterminous United States, James R. Holmquist, Lisamarie Windham-Myers, Norman Bliss, Stephen Crooks, James T. Morris, J. P. Megonigal, Tiffany Troxler, Donald Weller, John Callaway, Joshua L. Breithaupt, Joseph M. Smoak

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Tidal wetlands produce long-term soil organic carbon (C) stocks. Thus for carbon accounting purposes, we need accurate and precise information on the magnitude and spatial distribution of those stocks. We assembled and analyzed an unprecedented soil core dataset, and tested three strategies for mapping carbon stocks: applying the average value from the synthesis to mapped tidal wetlands, applying models fit using empirical data and applied using soil, vegetation and salinity maps, and relying on independently generated soil carbon maps. Soil carbon stocks were far lower on average and varied less spatially and with depth than stocks calculated from available soils …

Comparative Abundance, Species Composition, And Demographics Of Continental Shelf Fish Assemblages Throughout The Gulf Of Mexico, Steven A. Murawski, Ernst B. Peebles, Adolfo Gracia, John W. Tunnell Jr.

Marine Science Faculty Publications

We analyzed the results of the first comprehensive, systematic, fishery‐independent survey of Gulf of Mexico (GoM) continental shelves using data collected from demersal longline sampling off the United States, Mexico, and Cuba. In total, 166 species were sampled from 343 longline sets during 2011–2017, which deployed 153,146 baited hooks, catching 14,938 fish. Abundance, species richness, and Shannon–Wiener diversity indices by station were highest in mid‐shelf depths (~100 m), declining by about half in deeper waters. Six spatial assemblages were identified by testing the results of cluster analysis using similarity profile analysis and then plotting the geographic location of identified station …

Beyond Chlorophyll Fluorescence: The Time Is Right To Expand Biological Measurements In Ocean Observing Programs, Emmanuel Boss, Anya Waite, Anya Waite, Frank Muller-Karger, Hidekatsu Yamazaki, Rik Wanninkhof, Julia Uitz, Sandy Thomalla, Heidi Sosik, Bernadette Sloyan, Anthony Richardson, Johannes Karstensen, Gérald Grégori, Katja Fennel, Herve Claustre, Marcela Cornejo, Ilana Berman‐Frank, Sonia Batten, Silvia Acinas

Marine Science Faculty Publications

A new Scientific Committee for Ocean Research (SCOR) working group has been formed, entitled SCOR WG-154 “Integration of Plankton-Observing Sensor Systems to Existing Global Sampling Programs (P-OBS)”. The working group (P-OBS WG) is reviewing biological sensing technologies and measurements that are ready for integration into existing regional and global ocean observing programs. Multidisciplinary sets of measurements, whose choice is guided by research and societal benefit goals, will transform our understanding of ocean biology and its impacts on Earth systems. Together, we hope to facilitate biological sampling of the oceans and promote more robust, systematic, and routine analyses. These data will …

Essential Ocean Variables For Global Sustained Observations Of Biodiversity And Ecosystem Changes, Frank E. Muller-Karger

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Sustained observations of marine biodiversity and ecosystems focused on specific conservation and management problems are needed around the world to effectively mitigate or manage changes resulting from anthropogenic pressures. These observations, while complex and expensive, are required by the international scientific, governance and policy communities to provide baselines against which the effects of human pressures and climate change may be measured and reported, and resources allocated to implement solutions. To identify biological and ecological essential ocean variables (EOVs) for implementation within a global ocean observing system that is relevant for science, informs society, and technologically feasible, we used a driver-pressure-state-impact-response …

Remote Sensing Estimation Of Surface Oil Volume During The 2010 Deepwater Horizon Oil Blowout In The Gulf Of Mexico: Scaling Up Aviris Observations With Modis Measurements, Chuanmin Hu, Lian Feng, Jamie Holmes, Gregg A. Swayze, Ira Leifer, Christopher Melton, Oscar Garcia, Ian Macdonald, Mark Hess, Frank E. Muller-Karger, George Graettinger, Rebecca Green

Marine Science Faculty Publications

The Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil blowout in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) led to the largest offshore oil spill in U.S. history. The accident resulted in oil slicks that covered between 10,000 and upward of 40,000  km² of the Gulf between April and July 2010. Quantifying the actual spatial extent of oil over such synoptic scales on an operational basis and, in particular, estimating the oil volume (or slick thickness) of large oil slicks on the ocean surface has proven to be a challenge to researchers and responders alike. This challenge must be addressed to assess and understand impacts …

Avoiding Timescale Bias In Assessments Of Coastal Wetland Vertical Change, Joshua L. Breithaupt, Joseph M. Smoak, Robert H. Byrne, Matthew N. Waters, Ryan P. Moyer, Christian J. Sanders

Marine Science Faculty Publications

There is concern that accelerating sea‐level rise will exceed the vertical growth capacity of coastal‐wetland substrates in many regions by the end of this century. Vertical vulnerability estimates rely on measurements of accretion and/or surface‐elevation‐change derived from soil cores and/or surface elevation tables (SETs). To date there has not been a broad examination of whether the multiple timescales represented by the processes of accretion and elevation change are equally well‐suited for quantifying the trajectories of wetland vertical change in coming decades and centuries. To examine the potential for timescale bias in assessments of vertical change, we compared rates of accretion …

Deciphering The State Of The Late Miocene To Early Pliocene Equatorial Pacific, A. J. Drury, G. P. Lee, W. R. Gray, M. Lyle, T. Westerhold, Amelia E. Shevenell, C. M. John

Marine Science Faculty Publications

The late Miocene‐early Pliocene was a time of global cooling and the development of modern meridional thermal gradients. Equatorial Pacific sea surface conditions potentially played an important role in this global climate transition, but their evolution is poorly understood. Here we present the first continuous late Miocene‐early Pliocene (8.0–4.4 Ma) planktic foraminiferal stable isotope records from eastern equatorial Pacific Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Site U1338, with a new astrochronology spanning 8.0–3.5 Ma. Mg/Ca analyses on surface dwelling foraminifera Trilobatus sacculifer from carefully selected samples suggest that mean sea surface temperatures (SSTs) are ~27.8 ± 1.1°C (1σ) between 6.4 and 5.5 …

Ocean Futures Under Ocean Acidification, Marine Protection, And Changing Fishing Pressures Explored Using A Worldwide Suite Of Ecosystem Models, Erik Olsen, Isaac C. Kaplan, Cameron Ainsworth, Gavin Fay, Sarah Gaichas, Robert Gamble, Raphael Girardin, Cecilie H. Eide, Thomas F. Ihde

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Ecosystem-based management (EBM) of the ocean considers all impacts on and uses of marine and coastal systems. In recent years, there has been a heightened interest in EBM tools that allow testing of alternative management options and help identify tradeoffs among human uses. End-to-end ecosystem modeling frameworks that consider a wide range of management options are a means to provide integrated solutions to the complex ocean management problems encountered in EBM. Here, we leverage the global advances in ecosystem modeling to explore common opportunities and challenges for ecosystem-based management, including changes in ocean acidification, spatial management, and fishing pressure across …