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Versuche Zur Erfassung Der Vertikalen Verteilung Von Organismen Und Chemischen Substanzen Im Grundwasser Von Talauen Und Terrassen; Methoden Und Erste Befunde, Siegfried Husmann
Versuche Zur Erfassung Der Vertikalen Verteilung Von Organismen Und Chemischen Substanzen Im Grundwasser Von Talauen Und Terrassen; Methoden Und Erste Befunde, Siegfried Husmann
International Journal of Speleology
In the alluvial ground of the river Fulda valley and in the diluvial terrace of the river Weser assortments of tubes of various lengths were sunk into sandy and gravely underground to bring to light groundwater of different depths. The installation of these groundwater pump stations was effectuated by two different methods: 1. with the aid of an apparatus for bringing down bore-holes, 2. by ramming in the pump tubes with the aid of a pneumatic hammer. The first biological and chemical investigations in these subterranean water research stations indicated that the vertical distribution of groundwater organisms and chemical substances …
Eine Neue Discoptila Aus Anatolischen Höhlen (Orthoptera, Gryllidae), Alexi Popov
Eine Neue Discoptila Aus Anatolischen Höhlen (Orthoptera, Gryllidae), Alexi Popov
International Journal of Speleology
A new troglophilous cave-cricket, Discoptila beroni n.sp. is described and figured. It is common in the caves Maara near Mersin and Damlatas near Alanya in South Anatolia. The characteristic features of the males, as well as of the females, by which the new species is distinguished from the other eight species of the genus, all distributed in the Mediterranean, are pointed out. D. beroni n.sp. has already been reported erroneously from the cave Damlatas as D. fragosoi (Bol.) and as D. brevis B.-Bien.
The Life Cycle Of A Kentucky Cave Beetle, Ptomaphagus Hirtus, (Coleoptera; Leiodidae; Catopinae), Stewart B. Peck
The Life Cycle Of A Kentucky Cave Beetle, Ptomaphagus Hirtus, (Coleoptera; Leiodidae; Catopinae), Stewart B. Peck
International Journal of Speleology
Ptomaphagus hirtus has been successfully kept in laboratory culture at 12.5°C with food in surplus at all times. Eggs hatched in 18.5 days. Three larval instars were present, which had a total larval life span of 42 days. The pupal stage lasted 32 days. Adult males and adult females had average life spans of 2.2 years and 1.6 years respectively. Maximum adult longevity was 4.2 years. Females reached reproductive maturity a month after eclosion, young and old females produced one egg every 3.5 and 3.8 days respectively, and were reproductively active for as long as 2.5 years. Compared to European …
The Ecology Of A Predaceous Troglobitic Beetle, Neaphaenops Tellkampfii (Coleoptera: Carabidae, Trechinae) Ii. Adult Seasonality, Feeding And Recruitment, Russell M. Norton, Thomas C. Kane, Thomas L. Poulson
The Ecology Of A Predaceous Troglobitic Beetle, Neaphaenops Tellkampfii (Coleoptera: Carabidae, Trechinae) Ii. Adult Seasonality, Feeding And Recruitment, Russell M. Norton, Thomas C. Kane, Thomas L. Poulson
International Journal of Speleology
In deep cave areas with loose substrate and sufficient moisture, the life history of Neaphaenops tellkampfii (Coleoptera: Carabidae, Trechinae) is synchronized with the seasonal pattern of its primary food sources, the eggs and first instar nymphs of the cave cricket Hadenoecus subterraneus (Orthoptera Gryllacridoidea, Rhaphidophoridae). Neaphaenops reproduction coincides with an order of magnitude increase in Hadenoecus egg input in the spring. Our 46 observations of predation by Neaphaenops suggest some switching to other cave animals as cricket egg and first instar nymph densities decrease during the summer. Neaphaenops life history in areas of Hadenoecus egg input is as follows: (1) …
The Ecology Of A Predaceous Troglobitic Beetle, Neaphaenops Tellkampfii (Coleoptera: Carabidae, Trechinae) I. Seasonality Of Food Input And Early Life History Stages, Thomas C. Kane, Russell M. Norton, Thomas L. Poulson
The Ecology Of A Predaceous Troglobitic Beetle, Neaphaenops Tellkampfii (Coleoptera: Carabidae, Trechinae) I. Seasonality Of Food Input And Early Life History Stages, Thomas C. Kane, Russell M. Norton, Thomas L. Poulson
International Journal of Speleology
The adaptations in the life history of the Carabid beetle Neaphaenops tellkampfii has been investigated in respect to seasonal food input. The following characters have been studied: copulations, egg production, larvae and pupae.
Studies On The Niche Separation In Two Carabid Cave Beetles, Tom Mckinney
Studies On The Niche Separation In Two Carabid Cave Beetles, Tom Mckinney
International Journal of Speleology
Population, habitat and behavioural studies carried out on Pseudanophthalmus menetriesi and P. pubescens in the south central Kentucky karst area are described and discussed. Differences which exist in the timing of population recruitment, habitat preference, habitat niche breadth and in the degree of agression are all important in lessening competition between these two species.
Observations Sur La Biologie De Stenasellus Virei (Crustacea Isopoda Asellota Des Caux Souterraines), Guy Magniez
Observations Sur La Biologie De Stenasellus Virei (Crustacea Isopoda Asellota Des Caux Souterraines), Guy Magniez
International Journal of Speleology
St. virei has been bred in the laboratory for many years (1960-1974). Most of the St.v.hussoni were captured in karstic waters, near the Moulis subterranean laboratory. Some St.v.virei from the Padirac sink-hole; St.v.buchneri from Cantabrian caves; St.v.boui and St.v.virei from phreatic waters; and St.buili and St.breuili have also been bred. Since Stenasellids are unable to swim, very low aquariums are used, with a bed of cave clay, some calcareous stones, dead wood and dead elm tree leaves. Little depth of water is necessary. Stenasellus was originally carnivorous, being able to capture and devour living prey, such as Chironomid larvae, but …
Interaction Between Competition And Predation In Cave Stream Communities, David C. Culver
Interaction Between Competition And Predation In Cave Stream Communities, David C. Culver
International Journal of Speleology
Predation by salamander larvae (Gyrinophilus porphyriticus) reduces the density of one of its prey (the isopod Asellus recurvatus) but increases the density of the other (the amphipod Crangonyx antennatus in a Virginia cave stream. This happens because predation on the isopod reduces its competitive effect on the amphipod. Both prey populations tend to occur more frequently in refugia when predators are present. In another cave where there are no prey refugia, the predator reduces the density of both species. It appears that it is easier for a predator to invade a community than to reach a stable …
Distribution Of Indiana Cavernicolous Crayfishes And Their Ecto-Commensal Ostracods, H. H. Hobbs Iii
Distribution Of Indiana Cavernicolous Crayfishes And Their Ecto-Commensal Ostracods, H. H. Hobbs Iii
International Journal of Speleology
Six species and subspecies of crayfishes and four species of entocytherid ostracods are known to inhabit the subterranean streams of southern Indiana. Cambarus (E.) Iaevis (troglophile) appears to be the most widely distributed crayfish and occurs in both karst areas within the State. The troglobite, Orconectes inermis (2 subspecies), is restricted to the larger karst area in solution cavities of Mississippian carbonate rocks. The remaining crayfishes, Orconectes immunis, Orconectes propinquus and Orconectes sloanii, are not common inhabitants of cave waters and are probably trogloxenes. All of the crayfishes except O. sloanii were found to host at least one …
The Invertebrate Fauna Of Tropical American Caves, Part Iii: Jamaica, An Introduction, Stewart B. Peck
The Invertebrate Fauna Of Tropical American Caves, Part Iii: Jamaica, An Introduction, Stewart B. Peck
International Journal of Speleology
The scattered literature on the physical speleology and biospeleology of the West Indian island of Jamaica is brought together. As a result of recent field work, a summary of the Jamaican vertebrate and invertebrate caves is given. The invertebrate fauna is known to include some 150 free-living macroscopic species. These are mostly troglophilic scavengers and predators associated with guano accumulations. However, some 25 species, mostly terrestrial and undescribed, are known to be troglobites. This is one of the largest known assemblages of tropical troglobites. Brief descriptions are given for the 54 cave sites which have been biologically studied.
Pseudosinella Styriaca Sp.N (Collembola: Entomobryidae) A New Collembolan Species From The Styrian Cave "Raudner - Höhle" (Austria), Heinz Neuherz, Josef Nosek
Pseudosinella Styriaca Sp.N (Collembola: Entomobryidae) A New Collembolan Species From The Styrian Cave "Raudner - Höhle" (Austria), Heinz Neuherz, Josef Nosek
International Journal of Speleology
Description of a new cavernicolous species of Pseudosinella, P. styriaca. The species was found in the cave “Raudner - Hohle” (Styria, Austria). P. styriaca sp. n. belongs to the Mediterranean group of Pseudosinella.
Sur Les Bathynella De Roumanie: B.(B.) Boteai Serban, B.(B.) Vaducrisensis N.Sp., B.(B.) Plesai Serban Et B.(B.) Motrensis Serban (Bathynbellacea, Bathynellidae) Première Partie, Eugène Serban
International Journal of Speleology
In the first part of the note we present a minute description of the species B.(B.) boteai Serban, B. (B.) motrensis Serban and B. (B.) plesai Serban. The provisional diagnosis of these species were already published in 1971. A new species B.(B.) vaducrisensis is also described. The genus Bathynella Vejdovsky is now known in the Romanian fauna with 6 species: four of them already mentioned, plus B. (B.) paranatans Serban and B. (B.) scythica Botosaneanu and Damian.
Stenasellus Kenyensis N.Sp., Crustacea Isopoda Asellota Des Eaux Souterraines Du Kénya, Guy Magniez
Stenasellus Kenyensis N.Sp., Crustacea Isopoda Asellota Des Eaux Souterraines Du Kénya, Guy Magniez
International Journal of Speleology
Description of the first cavernicolous Stenasellid discovered in Kenya. St. kenyensis n.sp. is related to Somalian and Eurasiatic species of the genus.
Millipedes In The Collection Of The Amcs. Iii. Reddellobus Troglovbius, N. Gen., N. Sp., An Unusual Troglobite From Peubla, Mexico, And Other Records Of The Family Spirouolellidae (Order Spirobolida, Class Diplopoda), Nell B. Causey
International Journal of Speleology
During the past several years, members of the Association for Mexican Cave Studies have made some surprising additions to the knowledge of the invertebrate fauna of Mexico. None of their finds is more exciting than the species described here, a millipede much larger than the nearest epigean relative in an order outstanding for its scarcity of troglobitic adaptations. The absence of ocelli and the reduction of body pigment in the known epigean typhlobolellids suggest that they are deep humus dwellers preadapted for cave life.
Un Parajapygidé Inédit Des Plages De La Côte Caraïbe De Cuba Récolté Par Mr. L. Botosaneanu Au Cours De La Seconde Expédition Biospéléologique Cubano-Roumaine À Cuba En 1973, J. Pages
International Journal of Speleology
P. (P.) botosaneanui n.sp. has been collected in the interstitial habitat of the Caribbean shores on the eastern coast of Cuba. This note is divided into 6 parts: 1) the description by L. Botusaneanu of the stations where this species has been collected and data on the possibility for the specimens of this taxa to swim and to creep between the grains of sand; 2) the description and the affinities of the n. sp., which is closely related to bonetianus Silv. from Mexico; 3) the study of the male genitalia made possible the definition of 4 instars (male 1 to …
A Population Study Of The Cave Beetle Ptomaphagus Loedingi (Coleoptera; Leiodidae; Catopinae), Stewart B. Peck
A Population Study Of The Cave Beetle Ptomaphagus Loedingi (Coleoptera; Leiodidae; Catopinae), Stewart B. Peck
International Journal of Speleology
Baited pitfall traps were used in Barclay Cave, Alabama, in 1965 to study a blind Ptomaphagus beetle population. A 40m2 area in the cave yielded 95% of the 897 adult and larval beetles trapped in the cave at 9 stations. This represented a population density of about 13 beetles/m2. Tests of different baits showed decayed meat to be the most attractive. Adults were most abundant in mid-August when substrate conditions were moist, were reproductively active, and were not newly emerged from pupal cells. Larvae were most abundant in late August. The population was studied by mark-recapture methods …
Seasonal Changes In A Population Of Pseudanopthalmus Tenuis (Coleoptera, Carabidae) In Murray Spring Cave, Indiana: A Preliminary Report, James H. Keith
Seasonal Changes In A Population Of Pseudanopthalmus Tenuis (Coleoptera, Carabidae) In Murray Spring Cave, Indiana: A Preliminary Report, James H. Keith
International Journal of Speleology
A study of a population of Pseudanophthalmus tenuis is being conducted in Murray Spring Cave, Orange County, Indiana as one facet of a larger research project encompassing the entire terrestrial community of that cave. Changes in behaviour and abundance determined by census and mark-recapture methods and physiological changes determined from field-collected beetles indicates that these animals exhibit a seasonal reproductive rhythm probably mediated or controlled by winter and spring flooding of the cave.
Chronologie Du Développement Et Évolution Du Stockage De Calcium Et Des Cellules À Urates Chez Niphargus Schellenbergi Karaman, François Graf, Philippe Michaut
Chronologie Du Développement Et Évolution Du Stockage De Calcium Et Des Cellules À Urates Chez Niphargus Schellenbergi Karaman, François Graf, Philippe Michaut
International Journal of Speleology
The intra-marsupial development of Niphargus schellenbergi is divided into three phases: within the chorion, embryonic intermoult and juvenile intermoult. The disappearance of the chorion divides the first phase from the second. A double exuviation exists between the last two. The chronology of the embryonic development and of the beginning of post-embryonic development is established. On hatching the juvenile N. schellenbergi has one pair of hepatopancreatic caeca. During the first post-embryonic intermoults the ventral hepatopancreatic caeca, posterior caeca and anterior caecum are formed. The relation between posterior caeca and the aorta is described. The study of calcium storage before moulting showed …
Contribution Á L'Étude Des Zonitidae (Gastropoda) Cavernicoles Et Endogés De Roumanie, Alexandrina Negrea
Contribution Á L'Étude Des Zonitidae (Gastropoda) Cavernicoles Et Endogés De Roumanie, Alexandrina Negrea
International Journal of Speleology
This paper is a contribution to the study of the species of cavernicolous and endogean Zonitidae from Romania. For each of the 24 species belonging to 6 genera we present the geographical distribution, their relation to the country’s territory and data concerning the morphological characteristics, the genital apparatus included. The paper ends with a short faunistic, zoogeographical and ecological analysis.
Symposium On Life Histories Of Cave Beetles: An Introduction, Thomas L. Poulson
Symposium On Life Histories Of Cave Beetles: An Introduction, Thomas L. Poulson
International Journal of Speleology
Overview of the six papers presented at the Symposium on Life Histories of Cave Beetles held at the 1973 annual convention of the National Speleological Society at Bloomington in Indiana (USA).
Remplissages Karstiques Au Tunnel De La Clusette, Jean Meia, Michel Pochon
Remplissages Karstiques Au Tunnel De La Clusette, Jean Meia, Michel Pochon
International Journal of Speleology
The piercing of a road tunnel in the flank of a limestone (Malm) anticline in the Neuchâtel Jura uncovered karstic forms transformed for the most part, by decarbonated soils. Mineralogical analysis of these latter, through the use of X-ray diffraction, reveals a great analogy with the surface soils. At more than 200 meters depth, the same allochtone mineralogical suite of aeolian origin which constitutes the largest part of the soils of the High Jura Mountains in Switzerland, is found: an abundance of ferriferous chlorite, and of quartz, plagioclase and potassic feldspar. The various factors favouring this deep infiltration are discussed.
Three New Troglobitic Asellids From Western North America (Crustaces: Isopoda: Asellidae), Thomas E. Bowman
Three New Troglobitic Asellids From Western North America (Crustaces: Isopoda: Asellidae), Thomas E. Bowman
International Journal of Speleology
Fleming’s arguments (1973) for reducing Conasellus to a synonym of Asellus are considered inadequate, but the name Conasellus is replaced by its senior synonym Caecidotea. Two new troglobitic species of Caecidotea are described, C. chiapas from caves in Chiapas, Mexico, and C. sequoiae from Liburn Cave, Tulare County, California. Asellus califomicus is reported from springs in Napa and Santa Clara Counties; the male pleopod 2 is redescribed, and the species is assigned to the subgenus Phreatoasellus. A new genus and species, Salmasellus steganothrix, is described from Horseshoe Lake, Alberta, Canada.