Digital Commons Network^™

Introduction To Collective Neutrosophy And Collective N-Ary Neutrosophy, Florentin Smarandache

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

No abstract provided.

Vocabulary Learning Strategies Among Saudi Efl Military Cadets: Patterns And Preferences, Fahad Aldosari

Language, Literacy, and Sociocultural Studies ETDs

This study investigates the vocabulary learning strategies (VLSs) of 126 Saudi military EFL cadets, an underexplored group in second language acquisition research. Using an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design, a questionnaire identified the most and least used strategies, followed by interviews with 10 participants for deeper insights. Findings show cadets frequently use bilingual dictionaries, vocabulary lists, and group work, while cognitive strategies like written repetition and note-taking are underutilized. No significant differences in VLS use were found between Level 1 and Level 2 cadets, suggesting stable strategy preferences. Additionally, emerging strategies such as gamified learning and collaborative storytelling indicate a shift …

The Effects Of Un Peacekeeping Missions On Human Rights Protection During Armed Conflict, Mahtab Shafiei

Political Science ETDs

This dissertation explores the effectiveness of United Nations (UN) peacekeeping operations (PKOs) and special political missions (SPMs) in reducing conflict-related violence. Utilizing monthly data on battle deaths and peacekeeping missions from 1987 to 2014, the research applies the bargaining theory of war and liberal peace theory, finding that both PKOs and SPMs effectively reduce battle deaths. SPMs are particularly effective due to their collaboration with local authorities and emphasis on promoting democracy, human rights, and development. The study also highlights the role of UN radio stations in mitigating violence but finds no substantial evidence linking disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration (DDR) …

The 2005 Bosnian Law On Defense; A Policy Change Case Study, Gregory D. Vuksich

Political Science ETDs

The Dayton Peace Accord (DPA) in 1995 ended the civil war in Bosnia and Hercegovina and established a constitution for the newly institutionalizing state. It permitted the three ethnicities – Bosniaks, Croats and Serbs – to retain their wartime armed forces in place under ethnic command, a prerogative the Serbs guarded strenuously. International organizations, however, sought a single, multiethnic military institution for the whole of the country. In 2005, however, the Serbs reversed their opposition and agreed to the international organization preference. This study explores why Bosnia’s Serbian community reversed its earlier and acceded to the creation of a single …

Best Of The Medical Muse

Medical Muse

No abstract provided.

Goldwater V. Carter: Foreign Policy, China, And The Resurgence Of Executive Branch Primacy, Joshua Kastenberg

Faculty Book Display Case

Goldwater v. Carter tells the story of the Supreme Court ruling that upheld President James Earl Carter’s unilateral decision to nullify the Sino-American Mutual Defense Treaty with the Republic of China (Taiwan), thereby enabling the United States to establish relations with the People’s Republic of China. Senator Barry Goldwater and other members of Congress brought a lawsuit against Carter, arguing that the president needed Senate approval to take this action. President Carter’s actions in recognizing the People’s Republic of China were both a continuation of a process begun by President Richard Nixon and a milestone in foreign policy that survived …

Volume 21, Issue 1

Medical Muse

No abstract provided.

The Bearing Earth: Colonization, Conservation, And Political Ecology In Costa Rica (Coto Brus 1948 - Present), Pablo Alonso Arias-Benavides

Latin American Studies ETDs

This thesis presents two questions: How are relationships between people in Coto Brus and the land – specifically, forest – mediated by social, political, and economic forces? How are personal and collective identities expressed through relationship with the landscape? I chose Coto Brus because it is a forested region of Costa Rica which was populated with state support in the 1950s, and because it is my father’s hometown. In order to understand the subjective experiences of Costa Ricans involved in deforestation and reforestation, I performed interviews in the canton, visited conservation sites, and analyzed historical sources. This study combines multiscale …

Crisis, Cooperation, And Coercion: Migration Diplomacy In Europe, 2014-2017, Jessica L. Jones

Political Science ETDs

In this dissertation I ask when and how states employ migration diplomacy – and its coercive and cooperative variants – during the European Migration Crisis, 2014-2017. I argue that states use migration diplomacy to minimize the costs of migration crises and are more likely to use migration diplomacy when either the incurred or anticipated costs of migration crises are greater, when they are less powerful, and when anti-migrant domestic political pressures are higher. I use a multimethod approach to answer my questions. Results from my multivariate logistic regressions support my expectation that states are more likely to engage in migration …

Airborne Counter-Uncrewed Systems With Runtime Assurance Control, Isaac J. Seslar

Mechanical Engineering ETDs

This thesis develops a response to the increase in the availability of the commercially available uncrewed aerial systems and is dedicated to the detection, classification, and tracking required to successfully neutralize when determined malicious. A requirement of actively avoiding obstacles using runtime assurance is addressed and designed to keep the hardware safe in potentially dangerous situations. This work will elaborate on the several components the test bed is comprised of, specifically the hardware and software portions that successfully solve the problem. The software encompasses the simulation, the multiple algorithms required for the tracking, and the machine learning required for detection …

Numerical Evaluation Of Effective Thermal Response Of Heterogeneous Materials, Kevin W. Irick

Mechanical Engineering ETDs

Heterogeneity in materials leads to increased complication of physics, at the level or scale where heterogeneity exists, making analysis and material behavior predictions more difficult. As a result of the intricate descriptions or understanding of the physics required to determine the behavior of a heterogenous material or system, practitioners frequently prefer the use of effective properties or responses. This body of work is dedicated to performing computational analyses on the thermal behavior of heterogeneous materials and evaluating the corresponding analyses using formal verification approaches. Custom finite element method code was used for solving the heat equation in a variety of …

Health Monitoring Using Deep Learning Of Acoustic And Speech Signals, Eric E. Hamke

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

The focus of the research is to identify stress markers in a firefighter's speech. These markers include changes in breathing patterns and changes in the fundamental frequency of an individual’s voice. The breathing patterns are characterized using the number of breaths taken in a minute and the time spent inhaling. These measures are estimated using a Restricted Boltzmann Machine to process a firefighters’ SCBA regulator sounds, as open and closed. The classifications are then combined into continuous intervals. Observing the length of the intervals and the number of interval-starts represents time spent inhaling and the breathing rates (breaths per minute). …

Healing Through The Photographic Murals Of James "Chip" "Jetsonorama" Thomas, Mandolen Sanchez

Art & Art History ETDs

James “Chip” “Jetsonorama” Thomas is an Indian Health Services physician who moved to the Navajo Nation in 1987. Although he is not culturally Native American, Thomas depicts Navajo in large-scale black and white photographic murals. His work has been discussed in online articles and books about street art in terms of their relationship to street art, specifically the art of JR, as well as their role as activist art on the Navajo Nation. There has been a lack of substantial research, though, into the way in which his photographic murals respond to or engage with nineteenth and twentieth-century photographs of …

National Security And Judicial Ethics: The Exception To The Rule Of Keeping Judicial Conduct Judicial And The Politicization Of The Judiciary, Joshua E. Kastenberg

Faculty Scholarship

This article is divided into three sections, and it incorporates original research from the personal correspondences of several judges and justices. This article includes unpublished correspondences from various judicial collections at the Library of Congress, the Bentley Historical Library at the University of Michigan, the Washington and Lee School of Law’s special collections, the Richard Nixon and Ronald Reagan Presidential Libraries, the National Library of Australia in Canberra, and Canada’s National Archives in Ottawa. The first section analyzes the current framework governing judicial disqualification based on the separation of powers doctrine as well as the right to an impartial judiciary, …

Command Responsibility In The Twenty-First Century: The United States Basic Framework And Future Military (And Quasi-Military) Operations, Joshua E. Kastenberg

Faculty Scholarship

The article analyzes the constitutional basis of command responsibility as well as how this responsibility has been shaped by the Judicial Branch and Congress. It also briefly discusses the application of international law and human rights norms in the context of two models of future operations and the corresponding potential for command liability, beginning with the Commander in Chief. This article focuses on two principle areas of consideration. The first involves the use of non-military personnel who assist or take part in quasi-military roles. An increasing concern arises from questions over the extent of responsibility of United States command authorities …

Argentine Ambassador Dismissed Over Lobbying U.S. For Armaments, Andrã©S Gaudã­N

NotiSur

No abstract provided.

Argentina Protests British Build-Up In The Malvinas/Falkland Islands, Andrã©S Gaudã­N

NotiSur

No abstract provided.

Abq Free Press, December 28, 2016, Abq Free Press

ABQ Free Press

No abstract provided.

Balance Of Threat, Balance Of Mind: Nuclear Rivalry And Arms Control, Benjamin Joseph Bonin

Political Science ETDs

Under what conditions will rivals choose to accept mutual constraints, limitations, and even reductions on their capabilities for waging war? Contemporary political science lacks a strong theoretical basis for understanding this behavior, despite the fact that states in the modern era continue to negotiate and enter into arms control arrangements. This study contributes a theoretical framework and empirical analysis identifying the conditions under which nuclear-armed rivals might choose to curb their deadly arsenals. Traditional theories grounded in classical deterrence theory suggest arms control serves to preserve a deterrent status quo and prevent expensive and destabilizing arms competition; it should therefore …

Nidus Idearum. Scilogs, Ii: De Rerum Consectatione, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Welcome into my scientific lab! My lab[oratory] is a virtual facility with noncontrolled conditions in which I mostly perform scientific meditation and chats: a nest of ideas (nidus idearum, in Latin). I called the jottings herein scilogs (truncations of the words scientific, and gr. Λόγος – appealing rather to its original meanings "ground", "opinion", "expectation"), combining the welly of both science and informal (via internet) talks (in English, French, and Romanian). In this second book of scilogs collected from my nest of ideas, one may find new and old questions and solutions, some of them already put at work, others …

U.S. Congress Pushes For End To Ban On Exports Of Crude Oil To Mexico, Carlos Navarro

SourceMex

No abstract provided.

Structural Elucidation Of The Interaction Between Neurodegenerative Disease-Related Tau Protein With Model Lipid Membranes, Emmalee Jones

Nanoscience and Microsystems ETDs

A protein's sequence of amino acids determines how it folds. That folded structure is linked to protein function, and misfolding to dysfunction. Protein misfolding and aggregation into β-sheet rich fibrillar aggregates is connected with over 20 neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD is characterized in part by misfolding, aggregation and deposition of the microtubule associated tau protein into neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). However, two questions remain: What is tau's fibrillization mechanism, and what is tau's cytotoxicity mechanism? Tau is prone to heterogeneous interactions, including with lipid membranes. Lipids have been found in NFTs, anionic lipid vesicles induced aggregation of the …

Forced Detour Of Bolivian President Evo Morales' Plane Causes International Incident, Andrã©S Gaudã­N

NotiSur

No abstract provided.

A Way Of Seeing: The Transformation Of American Soldiers' Snapshot Photography During The Vietnam War, Sara Hagerty

Art & Art History ETDs

Cultural conventions of appropriateness, social standards of artistic practice, and contemporary vernacular traditions of how to visually commemorate ones life impact snapshot photography. An analysis of American soldiers' snapshots taken during the Vietnam War from the National Veterans Art Museum's archive in Chicago reveals a unique set of images due to their origins as snapshots and their stylistic references to other visual frameworks that are historically used to represent war. Through an examination of the culture of snapshot making, the historic presence of cameras on the battlefield, the conditions faced by American soldiers during the Vietnam War, and the popular …

Colombia's Peace Process Makes Significant Headway, Andrã©S Gaudã­N

NotiSur

No abstract provided.

Indeterminate Masses, Elements And Models In Information Fusion, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In this paper at the beginning, we make a short history of the logics, from the classical Boolean logic to the most general logic of today neutrosophic logic. We define the general logic space and give the definition of the neutrosophic logic. Then we introduce the indeterminate models in information fusion, which are due either to the existence of some indeterminate elements in the fusion space or to some indeterminate masses.

The best approach for dealing with such models is the neutrosophic logic, which is part of neutrosophy. Neutrosophic logic is connected with neutrosophic set and neutrosophic probability and statistics.

Ars Audax: The Myth Of The Flight Of Icarus And Its Reception Since Antiquity, Jessica Rose Wells

Foreign Languages & Literatures ETDs

When considering the reception of Icarus, scholars traditionally have not taken into account the focalizing character. In this thesis I argue that there are two divergent threads of reception for the Icarus myth, stemming from the versions in Ovids Ars Amatoria and Metamorphoses and in Horace's Odes. I demonstrate that the manner in which each author employs Icarus — whether he is the object of focalization or the subject of focalization — and the manner in which each author employs the concept of audacia ('daring') and makes use of sailing metaphors constitute distinct reception threads. I then trace these threads …

Claims Of Election Tampering As President Daniel Ortega Tightens Grip On Nicaragua, Benjamin Witte-Lebhar

NotiCen

No abstract provided.

Occam's Beard: Belief, Disbelief, And Contested Meanings In American Ufology, William J. Dewan

American Studies ETDs

The purpose of this dissertation is to critically examine the emergence, maintenance, evolution, and dissemination of belief traditions in New Mexico and the United States that are most commonly associated with the UFO phenomenon. This critical analysis incorporates theoretical frameworks from a multitude of interrelated disciplines, including folklore, history, anthropology, popular culture studies, sociology, and psychology. The primary goal of this dissertation involves the attempt to formulate a typology of UFO accounts in American culture, and how said accounts are interpreted, communicated, and publicly evaluated. To achieve this end, a database of UFO-related experiences was compiled in New Mexico and …

Uniform And Partially Uniform Redistribution Rules, Florentin Smarandache, Jean Dezert

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

This paper introduces two new fusion rules for combining quantitative basic belief assignments. These rules although very simple have not been proposed in literature so far and could serve as useful alternatives because of their low computation cost with respect to the recent advanced Proportional Conflict Redistribution rules developed in the DSmT framework.