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Articles 1 - 24 of 24
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Reported Reasons For Avoiding The Covid-19 Vaccine Vary By Age, Kelsey Wilber
Reported Reasons For Avoiding The Covid-19 Vaccine Vary By Age, Kelsey Wilber
Population Health Research Brief Series
Despite various efforts by governments, businesses, and health care providers, a large share of the U.S. population remains resistant to getting the COVID-19 vaccine. Understanding why individuals refuse the vaccine is important for tailoring interventions to improve vaccination rates. This brief examines age differences in reasons reported for not getting the vaccine. Concerns about possible side effects are the most common among every age group, but other reported reasons, including lack of trust in the vaccine and the government vary by age group. Findings suggest that tackling COVID-19 misinformation is critical to increase vaccination rates in the United States.
Billions In Covid-19 Rental Assistance Fails To Reach Tenants, William Clay Fannin
Billions In Covid-19 Rental Assistance Fails To Reach Tenants, William Clay Fannin
Population Health Research Brief Series
COVID-19 exacerbated existing problems with housing affordability in the United States, particularly for Black and Hispanic renters. To curb these financial hardships, Congress created the Emergency Rental Assistance (ERA) program, but ERA rollout has been slow and inconsistent. This brief describes geographic differences in ERA spending across the U.S. and encourages states and localities to adopt policies that increase program eligibility and streamline fund disbursement.
Covid-19 Has Had Devastating Economic Impacts On Older Black And Latinx Adults, Claire Pendergrast, Amy Thierry, Marc A. Garcia
Covid-19 Has Had Devastating Economic Impacts On Older Black And Latinx Adults, Claire Pendergrast, Amy Thierry, Marc A. Garcia
Population Health Research Brief Series
Black and Latinx communities have been disproportionately affected by economic hardships during the pandemic, magnifying long-standing economic inequalities. This research brief shows that in the first year of the pandemic, older Black and Latinx adults experienced greater negative economic impacts than older White adults. Foreign-born and U.S.-born Latinx adults experienced especially significant economic hardships relative to other groups. To reduce the disproportionate economic impacts of crises like COVID-19 on older Black and Latinx adults, policymakers should prioritize economic relief measures and support broader social policy to reduce economic inequality.
Older Adults Are More Likely To Avoid Covid-19 Information, Julia Nolte, Corinna Löckenhoff
Older Adults Are More Likely To Avoid Covid-19 Information, Julia Nolte, Corinna Löckenhoff
Population Health Research Brief Series
Older adults are at higher risk of dying from COVID-19 but less interested in information that might lower the risk of getting or spreading the disease. This brief shows that in the first months of the pandemic, older adults were less likely to consume COVID-19 information or media than younger adults. These behaviors are associated with age differences in emotional experiences and preferences, with older adults feeling calmer and more interested in protecting their feelings than younger adults. To keep older adults informed on COVID-19, government and health officials should directly target communication efforts to older adults.
Rural Counties Lost More Years Of Life Than Urban Counties In 2020, Yue Sun
Rural Counties Lost More Years Of Life Than Urban Counties In 2020, Yue Sun
Population Health Research Brief Series
Rural mortality rates have been higher than urban mortality rates for decades in the United States. Now, higher COVID-19 mortality rates in rural areas threaten to exacerbate the existing rural mortality penalty. This brief shows that rural counties had higher average years of potential life lost than urban counties in both 2019 and 2020. However, the increase in YPLL between 2019 and 2020 was largest in small rural counties and large rural counties adjacent to metro areas. Federal, state, and local governments must target social, structural, and policy determinants of health and premature mortality that disproportionately affect rural residents.
Older Adult Vaccination Rates Lag In Rural Areas And The South, Claire Pendergrast, Yue Sun
Older Adult Vaccination Rates Lag In Rural Areas And The South, Claire Pendergrast, Yue Sun
Population Health Research Brief Series
Older adults face especially severe health risks from COVID-19 compared to other age groups. Getting vaccinated is the most effective way for older adults to reduce their risk of serious illness or death. This brief examines geographic trends in COVID-19 vaccination rates for adults age 65+. The authors find that older adult vaccination rates are low in rural areas and especially low in the South.
Why Are Covid-19 Vaccination Rates Lower In Rural Than In Urban Areas Of The U.S.?, Shannon M. Monnat, Yue Sun
Why Are Covid-19 Vaccination Rates Lower In Rural Than In Urban Areas Of The U.S.?, Shannon M. Monnat, Yue Sun
Population Health Research Brief Series
Achieving high vaccination coverage is the best way to prevent coronavirus spread, but COVID-19 vaccination rates vary substantially across the U.S. This brief compares COVID-19 vaccination rates across the U.S. rural-urban continuum and identifies the major contributors to lower rates of vaccination in rural counties. The authors find that higher Trump vote share in the 2020 Presidential election and lower educational attainment collectively explain lower rural vaccination rates.
Cardiovascular Disease Risk In Young Adults Following Covid-19, Andrew Heckel
Cardiovascular Disease Risk In Young Adults Following Covid-19, Andrew Heckel
Theses - ALL
Introduction: SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, may cause a dysregulated systemic inflammatory response that could lead to cardiovascular damage and cause individuals recovering from COVID-19 to be at an increased risk for future cardiovascular disease (CVD). Physical activity (PA) is inversely associated with systemic inflammation and CVD risk, which may make it a useful cardioprotective lifestyle factor for individuals recovering from COVID-19. Purpose: 1) Compare arterial stiffness and systemic inflammatory levels between individuals recovering from COVID-19 and uninfected controls, 2) explore systemic inflammation as a predictor of arterial stiffness, and 3) explore PA as a mediator for the relationship …
Working Parents Post Pandemic: Reimagining Remote Work After Covid-19, Austin Brown
Working Parents Post Pandemic: Reimagining Remote Work After Covid-19, Austin Brown
Population Health Research Brief Series
Working families faced significant challenges prior to COVID-19. The pandemic has prompted many Americans to more deeply examine the relationship between time, work, and health. This brief discusses considerations for working parents as the country emerges from the COVID-19 pandemic and workers face calls to return to the office. It argues that public health professionals should advocate for work-life balance and flexible work arrangements as key social determinants of health.
Staying At Home: How Well Did Americans Maintain Their Health Behaviors During Covid-19?, Michael Serrur, James Rose
Staying At Home: How Well Did Americans Maintain Their Health Behaviors During Covid-19?, Michael Serrur, James Rose
Population Health Research Brief Series
The COVID-19 pandemic has taken a major toll on people's sense of schedule. Lack of motivation and the removal of daily routines has negatively affected health behaviors, leading to an increase in snacking and sitting around the house more frequently than before the pandemic. This brief summarizes the findings from a national survey aimed at understanding behavior change and goal setting during the pandemic and provides tips for getting back into healthy habits.
Solitary Alcohol And Cannabis Use Among College Students During The Covid-19 Epidemic: Concurrent Social And Affective Correlates And Substance-Related Consequences, Amelia Victoria Wedel
Solitary Alcohol And Cannabis Use Among College Students During The Covid-19 Epidemic: Concurrent Social And Affective Correlates And Substance-Related Consequences, Amelia Victoria Wedel
Theses - ALL
Alcohol and cannabis use are remarkably prevalent among college students, with 60% reporting past-month alcohol use and 25% reporting past-month cannabis use. Emerging evidence suggests that a considerable portion of college students use alcohol or cannabis alone, and that rates of solitary use may be higher for cannabis than for alcohol. However, despite substantial evidence connecting solitary alcohol use with a number of affective and substance-related correlates, research on similar associations for solitary cannabis use remains lacking. Furthermore, no college studies to date have assessed solitary use of both alcohol and cannabis and consequently little is known about differences between …
Solitary Alcohol And Cannabis Use Among College Students During The Covid-19 Epidemic: Concurrent Social And Affective Correlates And Substance-Related Consequences, Amelia Victoria Wedel
Solitary Alcohol And Cannabis Use Among College Students During The Covid-19 Epidemic: Concurrent Social And Affective Correlates And Substance-Related Consequences, Amelia Victoria Wedel
Theses - ALL
Alcohol and cannabis use are remarkably prevalent among college students, with 60% reporting past-month alcohol use and 25% reporting past-month cannabis use. Emerging evidence suggests that a considerable portion of college students use alcohol or cannabis alone, and that rates of solitary use may be higher for cannabis than for alcohol. However, despite substantial evidence connecting solitary alcohol use with a number of affective and substance-related correlates, research on similar associations for solitary cannabis use remains lacking. Furthermore, no college studies to date have assessed solitary use of both alcohol and cannabis and consequently little is known about differences between …
How Should We Set Pandemic Capacity Limits For Restaurants And Bars?, Eric A. Schiff
How Should We Set Pandemic Capacity Limits For Restaurants And Bars?, Eric A. Schiff
Population Health Research Brief Series
Restaurants and bars are places where airborne diseases like COVID-19 are easily transmitted from one patron to another. However, the connection between the capacity limits and the community infection rate has not been quantified and can appear arbitrary. This data slice describes calculations that could be used to help government officials determine restaurant and bar capacity limits to help limit risk.
Rates Of Anxiety And Depression Are High Among Young Adults During Covid-19, Xiaoyan Zhang
Rates Of Anxiety And Depression Are High Among Young Adults During Covid-19, Xiaoyan Zhang
Population Health Research Brief Series
This data slice uses data from the U.S. Census Bureau Household Pulse Survey to compare the percentage of U.S. young adults (ages 18-29) who reported experiencing anxiety or depression during a two-week period in late March 2021 by race/ethnicity. The brief shows much lower rates of self-reported anxiety among Non-Hispanic Blacks than among other racial/ethnic groups but no significant racial/ethnic differences in self-reported depression.
Adults With Income Loss During Covid-19 Have Higher Rates Of Anxiety And Depression, Xiaoyan Zhang
Adults With Income Loss During Covid-19 Have Higher Rates Of Anxiety And Depression, Xiaoyan Zhang
Population Health Research Brief Series
The COVID-19 pandemic created severe economic challenges that increase risk of mental health problems. This data slice uses data from the U.S. Census Household Pulse Survey to compare rates of anxiety and depressive symptoms between U.S. adults with versus without employment income loss since COVID-19 hit the U.S. in March 2020. Prevalence rates for both anxiety and depressive symptoms were higher among adults who experienced employment income loss since March 2020 compared to those who did not experience employment income loss. While providing economic support to those who have lost income in the past year is critical, it is equally …
Covid-19 Modifications To A Service-Learning Project Designed To Prepare Special Education Students To Be Effective Participants In Transdisciplinary Collaborations, Kathy R. Doody, Katrina Fulcher-Rood, Pamela Schuetze
Covid-19 Modifications To A Service-Learning Project Designed To Prepare Special Education Students To Be Effective Participants In Transdisciplinary Collaborations, Kathy R. Doody, Katrina Fulcher-Rood, Pamela Schuetze
Excelsior: Leadership in Teaching and Learning
This research study examined the impact of COVID-19 on university students’ perceptions about the effectiveness of a community-based service-learning project designed to prepare graduate students in special education and undergraduate students in psychology and speech-language pathology to work in transdisciplinary teams in early childhood settings. Students were placed into transdisciplinary teams and assigned to one of two community-based early childhood programs to administer a universal screening tool that assessed young children in several domains. The project was in its sixth year when the country stood still because of the COVID-19 pandemic. The project was re-envisioned, mid-course, to provide an equitable …
Addressing Teacher Shortages In The Covid-19 Landscape: Viewing Teacher Candidates As Assets, Michael S. Rosenberg, Loretta Mason-Williams, Lois Kimmel, Paul T. Sindelar
Addressing Teacher Shortages In The Covid-19 Landscape: Viewing Teacher Candidates As Assets, Michael S. Rosenberg, Loretta Mason-Williams, Lois Kimmel, Paul T. Sindelar
Excelsior: Leadership in Teaching and Learning
COVID-19 continues to impose dire consequences on all sectors of our public education system. Many students, particularly those from vulnerable populations, are receiving reduced amounts of direct instruction and are experiencing significant losses in learning. At the same time, educator preparation programs (EPPs) are struggling to ensure that teacher candidates have ample opportunities to apply their newly acquired pedagogical skills in high quality clinical placements. In this article we describe and provide exemplars as to how teacher candidates can serve as assets to school districts as they complete their field placements. We also offer specific strategies and practices for EPPs …
Women Veteran Entrepreneurs, Rosalinda V. Maury, Mirza Tihic, Najla Almissalati
Women Veteran Entrepreneurs, Rosalinda V. Maury, Mirza Tihic, Najla Almissalati
Institute for Veterans and Military Families
This brief provides highlights from the 2020 National Survey of Military-Affiliated Entrepreneurs focusing on female veteran entrepreneurs. These findings are based on the data collected from 432 female veteran entrepreneurs, which represents 27% of the respondents that answered the gender question of the 2020 survey. This study monitors trends in the activity, needs, and economic, social, and policy barriers of military-affiliated entrepreneurs in the United States.
Area Agencies On Aging Provide Crucial Support For Older New Yorkers During Covid-19, Claire Pendergrast
Area Agencies On Aging Provide Crucial Support For Older New Yorkers During Covid-19, Claire Pendergrast
Population Health Research Brief Series
This research brief discusses how Area Agencies on Aging are providing crucial support for older NewYorkers during COVID-19.
Black & African American Veteran Entrepreneurs, Rosalinda V. Maury, Mirza Tihic, Najla Almissalati
Black & African American Veteran Entrepreneurs, Rosalinda V. Maury, Mirza Tihic, Najla Almissalati
Institute for Veterans and Military Families
This brief provides highlights from the 2020 National Survey of Military-Affiliated Entrepreneurs study focusing on Black and African American veteran entrepreneurs. These findings are based on the data collected from 333 Black and African American veteran entrepreneurs, which represents 21% of the respondents that answered the race/ethnicity question of the 2020 survey. This study monitors trends in the activity, needs, and economic, social, and policy barriers of military-affiliated entrepreneurs in the United States.
Depth-Weighted Forecast Combination: Application To Covid-19 Cases, Yoonseok Lee, Donggyu Sul
Depth-Weighted Forecast Combination: Application To Covid-19 Cases, Yoonseok Lee, Donggyu Sul
Center for Policy Research
We develop a novel forecast combination based on the order statistics of individual predictability when many forecasts are available. To this end, we define the notion of forecast depth, which measures the size of forecast errors during the training period and provides a ranking among different forecast models. The forecast combination is in the form of a depth-weighted trimmed mean, where the group of models with the worst forecasting performance during the training period is dropped. We derive the limiting distribution of the depth-weighted forecast combination, based on which we can readily construct forecast confidence intervals. Using this novel forecast …
The Effect Of Attendance On Home Field Advantage In The National Football League: A Natural Experiment, Justin Ehrlich, Joel Potter, Shane Sanders
The Effect Of Attendance On Home Field Advantage In The National Football League: A Natural Experiment, Justin Ehrlich, Joel Potter, Shane Sanders
Sport Management - All Scholarship
While economists have previously noted that home field advantage is affected by crowd density, isolating this effect is difficult since crowd size is likely endogenous with team ability and game matchup. The COVID-19 pandemic has presented a unique natural experiment since local governments have introduced safety protocols that varies widely across the United States. These safety protocols have limited attendance in varying ways for live sporting events, including National Football League games. Given the differential (and exogenous) attendance restrictions, we were able to isolate three broad categories of attendance: 1) games without attendance restrictions (seasons 2016-2019), 2) games with limited …
Wastewater Testing Shows That Pharmaceutical And Illicit Drug Use Are Higher In Places Where Covid-19 Is More Prevalent, Kerrie Marshall, Arik Palileo, Eric Schiff, Teng Zeng
Wastewater Testing Shows That Pharmaceutical And Illicit Drug Use Are Higher In Places Where Covid-19 Is More Prevalent, Kerrie Marshall, Arik Palileo, Eric Schiff, Teng Zeng
Population Health Research Brief Series
Wastewater testing shows that pharmaceutical and illicit drug use are higher in places were COVID-19 is more prevalent.
Covid-19 Risk For Individuals With Intellectual And/Or Developmental Disabilities Varies By Type Of Residential Setting, Ashlyn W.W.A. Wong, Scott D. Landes
Covid-19 Risk For Individuals With Intellectual And/Or Developmental Disabilities Varies By Type Of Residential Setting, Ashlyn W.W.A. Wong, Scott D. Landes
Population Health Research Brief Series
COVID-19 case and fatality rates are higher for people with IDD who are living in Skilled Nursing Facilities compared with those living in other types of facilities or those living in individual residences or their family home.