Digital Commons Network^™

Psychophysiological Predictors Of Working Alliance Among Treatment-Seeking Women With Complex Trauma Exposure, Ashley Doukas, Wendy D'Andrea, Jennifer Doran, Nnamdi Pole

Psychology: Faculty Publications

Research has established that trauma-related symptoms may impede the formation of a strong working alliance (i.e., interpersonal connection, trust, and shared goals between therapist and client). As the alliance is critical in trauma-focused therapy, we studied how clients' pretherapy factors, including symptoms and psychophysiological arousal, predict treatment alliance. We examined symptoms and physiological responses in 27 women who had exposure to extreme interpersonal violence; all of whom were enrolled in therapy. All had symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder. Clients completed measures of working alliance and were assessed before and after treatment on measures of symptoms and …

The Number Of Framings Of A Knot In A 3-Manifold, Patricia Cahn, Vladimir Chernov, Rustam Sadykov

Mathematics Sciences: Faculty Publications

In view of the self-linking invariant, the number |K| of framed knots in S3 with given underlying knot K is infinite. In fact, the second author previously defined affine self-linking invariants and used them to show that |K| is infinite for every knot in an orientable manifold unless the manifold contains a connected sum factor of S1 × S2; the knot K need not be zero-homologous and the manifold is not required to be compact. We show that when M is orientable, the number |K| is infinite unless K intersects a nonseparating sphere at exactly one point, in which case …

Scaling The Isam Land Surface Model Through Parallelization Of Inter-Component Data Transfer, Phil Miller, Michael Robson, Bassil El-Masri, Rahul Barman, Gengbin Zheng, Atul Jain, Laxmikant Kalé

Computer Science: Faculty Publications

We present the progression of developments necessary to scale the ISAM landsurface model from single nodes and small clusters with unusually largeper-node memory to much larger systems with more common configurations. These efforts include load balancing, conventional library-based output parallelization to reduce memory load, and parallel-in-time data input. OnHopper, a Cray XE6 machine, the result was strong scaling from 256 cores to 16k coreswith an efficiency of 32.9%. On Edison, a Cray XC30 machine, thecode strong scales from 256 cores to 16k coreswith an efficiency of 51.4%. These large-scale gains, and the associated performance increases at smaller scale, enable greater …

Rethinking Coalitions: Anti-Pornography Feminists, Conservatives, And Relationships Between Collaborative Adversarial Movements, Nancy Whittier

Sociology: Faculty Publications

Social movements interact in a wide range of ways, yet we have only a few concepts for thinking about these interactions: coalition, spillover, and opposition. Many social movements interact with each other as neither coalition partners nor opposing movements. In this article, I argue that we need to think more broadly and precisely about the relationships between movements and suggest a framework for conceptualizing noncoalitional interaction between movements. Although social movements scholars have not theorized such interactions, “strange bedfellows” are not uncommon. They differ from coalitions in form, dynamics, relationship to larger movements, and consequences. I first distinguish types of …

Weak Measurement And Bohmian Conditional Wave Functions, Travis Norsen

Physics: Faculty Publications

It was recently pointed out (and demonstrated experimentally) by Lundeen et al. that the wave function of a particle (more precisely, the wave function possessed by each member of an ensemble of identically-prepared particles) can be "directly measured" using weak measurement. Here it is shown that if this same technique is applied, with appropriate post-selection, to one particle from a (perhaps entangled) multi-particle system, the result is precisely the so-called "conditional wave function" of Bohmian mechanics. Thus, a plausibly operationalist method for defining the wave function of a quantum mechanical sub-system corresponds to the natural definition of a sub-system wave …

Osr1 Is Required For Podocyte Development Downstream Of Wt1a, Ritu Tomar, Sudha P. Mudumana, Narendra Pathak, Neil A. Hukriede, Iain A. Drummond

Neuroscience: Faculty Publications

Odd-skipped related 1 (Osr1) encodes a zinc finger transcription factor required for kidney development. Osr1 deficiency in mice results in metanephric kidney agenesis, whereas knockdown or mutation studies in zebrafish revealed that pronephric nephrons require osr1 for proximal tubule and podocyte development. osr1-deficient pronephric podocyte progenitors express the Wilms' tumor suppressor wt1a but do not undergo glomerular morphogenesis or express the foot process junctional markers nephrin and podocin. The function of osr1 in podocyte differentiation remains unclear, however. Here, we found by double fluorescence in situ hybridization that podocyte progenitors coexpress osr1 and wt1a. Knockdown of wt1a disrupted podocyte differentiation …

Specific Trauma Subtypes Improve The Predictive Validity Of The Harvard Trauma Questionnaire In Iraqi Refugees, Bengt B. Arnetz, Carissa L. Broadbridge, Hikmet Jamil, Mark A. Lumley, Nnamdi Pole, Evone Barkho, Monty Fakhouri, Yousif Rofa Talia, Judith E. Arnetz

Psychology: Faculty Publications

Trauma exposure contributes to poor mental health among refugees, and exposure often is measured using a cumulative index of items from the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ). Few studies, however, have asked whether trauma subtypes derived from the HTQ could be superior to this cumulative index in predicting mental health outcomes. A community sample of recently arrived Iraqi refugees (N = 298) completed the HTQ and measures of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression symptoms. Principal components analysis of HTQ items revealed a 5-component subtype model of trauma that accounted for more item variance than a 1-component solution. These trauma subtypes …

How Discordant Morphological And Molecular Evolution Among Microorganisms Can Revise Our Notions Of Biodiversity On Earth, Daniel J.G. Lahr, Haywood Dail Laughinghouse, Angela M. Oliverio, Feng Gao, Laura A. Katz

Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Microscopy has revealed tremendous diversity of bacterial and eukaryotic forms. Recent molecular analyses show discordance in estimates of biodiversity between morphological and molecular analyses. Moreover, phylogenetic analyses of the diversity of microbial forms reveal evidence of convergence at scales as deep as interdomain: morphologies shared between bacteria and eukaryotes. Here, we highlight examples of such discordance, focusing on exemplary lineages such as testate amoebae, ciliates, and cyanobacteria. These have long histories of morphological study, enabling deeper analyses on both the molecular and morphological sides. We discuss examples in two main categories: (i) morphologically identical (or highly similar) individuals that are …

Kahn Chronicle: Fall 2014, Smith College, Kahn Liberal Arts Institute

Kahn Chronicle

Table of Contents:

Kahn Institute Celebrates 15 Years: Galileo, Shakespeare Invited for Gala Event
Upcoming Kahn Institute Public Lectures
Introducing the Kahn Gallery
Faculty Fellowship Opportunities
2014-15 Long-Term Projects
2013-14 Long-Term Projects: Final Reports
A Note from the Director
A Journal for Women Around the World: Voices & Visions to Publish Second Edition

Intracranial Pressure Modulates Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions: A Proof-Of-Principle Study, Eric M. Bershad, Mian Z. Urfy, Alina Pechacek, Mary Mcgrath, Eusebia Calvillo, Nicholas J. Horton, Susan E. Voss

Engineering: Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND:

There is an important need to develop a noninvasive method for assessing intracranial pressure (ICP). We report a novel approach for monitoring ICP using cochlear-derived distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs), which are affected by ICP.

OBJECTIVE:

We hypothesized that changes in ICP may be reflected by altered DPOAE responses via an associated change in perilymphatic pressure.

METHODS:

We measured the ICP and DPOAEs (magnitude and phase angle) during opening and closing in 20 patients undergoing lumbar puncture.

RESULTS:

We collected data on 18 patients and grouped them based on small (Hg), medium (5-11 mm Hg), or large (≥15 mm …

Lie Algebroid Modules And Representations Up To Homotopy, Rajan Amit Mehta

Mathematics Sciences: Faculty Publications

We establish a relationship between two different generalizations of Lie algebroid representations: representation up to homotopy and Vaĭntrob’s Lie algebroid modules. Specifically, we show that there is a noncanonical way to obtain a representation up to homotopy from a given Lie algebroid module, and that any two representations up to homotopy obtained in this way are equivalent in a natural sense. We therefore obtain a one-to-one correspondence, up to equivalence.

Therapeutic Presence : An Exploration Of Buddhist Mindfulness, Winnicott And Neuroscience, Susan A. Shelby

Theses, Dissertations, and Projects

There has been an explosion of interest in mindfulness within contemporary Western society and across diverse disciplines, including the mental health field with enthusiasm for the promise of how mindfulness enhances psychotherapy. It has been proposed that mindfulness training offers a tremendous resource for cultivating those desirable qualities present in a strong therapeutic relationship. In light of the importance of the therapeutic alliance and the promise of mindfulness, this theoretical thesis presents the nature of mindfulness from a Buddhist perspective and explores how mindfulness informs the therapeutic process and potentiates a clinician's therapeutic presence. The psychodynamic concepts of D.W. Winnicott …

Clinicians' Self-Disclosure Of Personal Experience With An Anxiety And/Or Mood Disorder, Emma M. Sando

Theses, Dissertations, and Projects

This study used a mixed methods design to examine an emerging field of inquiry in selfdisclosure research, exploring the decisions clinicians make about the disclosure of their personal experiences with an anxiety and/or mood disorder to their clients. The researcher posited that this specific form of non-immediate disclosure might engender unique therapeutic benefits as well as particular ethical and professional dilemmas for practitioners. Forty-nine licensed, clinical social workers participated in an anonymous online survey with quantitative and qualitative components that inquired about their self-disclosure decisions, including the frequency of their disclosures, the types of information they revealed, their perception of …

The Exploration Of Young Adults' Online And Offline Interpersonal Relationships, Josselyn B. Sheer

Theses, Dissertations, and Projects

The present study sought to learn about the ways in which young adults who are avid social networking site users (SNS) build and maintain interpersonal relationships given the ways in which social media shapes how young adults connect. This research explored how experiences via SNS such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and Tinder played a role in one's online and offline relationships. Inclusion criteria included being between the ages of 18 and 30, being an English speaker, logging onto SNS at least 10 times per day, and being able to speak in person or on the phone for one hour. With …

Dance For Your Life! : Tangoflow!® Technique And Implications In The Treatment Of Trauma : A Mixed-Methods Empirical Study, Catherine A. Salmons

Theses, Dissertations, and Projects

This thesis is a mixed-method, empirical study exploring the possible efficacy of TangoFlow!®—an original dance-conditioning technique based in Argentine tango, which I developed and trademarked in 2010—in reducing symptoms of trauma. Research employed both quantitative and qualitative measures to determine whether or not an eight-week intervention had any effect on type and severity of symptoms, as reported by participants. The sample (N=13) consisted of volunteer participants who self-identified as having a history of trauma. No specific information about their trauma history was solicited; rather, trauma symptoms were assessed through a pre-interview using a published testing instrument, the Trauma Symptom Inventory-2™, …

Mortality Practices : How Clinical Social Workers Interact With Their Mortality Within Their Clinical And Professional Practice, Joseph K. Hovey

Theses, Dissertations, and Projects

This quasi-mixed methods, exploratory study examined the mortality practices of clinical social workers. The study sought to understand how clinical social workers interact with their mortality within their clinical and professional practice—whether they have discussions about their mortality with clients, what attitudes they have about disclosing potentially terminal illness to clients, and how clinical social workers prepare for the potential that they may die or become incapacitated during the process of practicing clinical work. While the literature provides robust support for at least some practices, few studies have examined actual practice implementation. The present study explored the attitudes and mortality …

What Are Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, And Queer (Lgbtq) Parents' Perceived Experience Of Inclusiveness In Their Child's Preschool Classroom?, Carla Haggard

Theses, Dissertations, and Projects

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) parents are more visible now than ever before due to reduced stigma. Preschool is often children and family's first introduction to the school system and families outside of their social network. This mixed method research study examines the perceived experiences of inclusiveness or non-inclusiveness for LGBTQ families in their child's preschool classroom. This study presents data from 70 self-identified LGBTQ parents with a child who has been in preschool within the past year in the United States. Parents in this study often felt that their child's preschool was inclusive of their family structure …

A Module Isomorphism Between H∗T (G/P)⊗H∗T (P/B) And H∗T (G/B), Elizabeth Drellich, Julianna Tymoczko

Mathematics Sciences: Faculty Publications

We give an explicit (new) morphism of modules between H_∗T (G/P)⊗H_∗T (P/B) and H_∗T (G/B) and prove (the known result) that the two modules are isomorphic. Our map identifies submodules of the cohomology of the flag variety that are isomorphic to each of H_∗T (G/P) and H_{∗ T} (P/B). With this identification, the map is simply the product within the ring H_∗T (G/B). We use this map in two ways. First we describe module bases for H_∗T (G/B) that are different from traditional Schubert classes and from …

Circulating Angiogenic Cell Population Responses To 10 Days Of Reduced Physical Activity, Gayatri Guhanarayan, Julianne Jablonski, Sarah Witkowski

Exercise and Sport Studies: Faculty Publications

Circulating angiogenic cells (CACs) are a diverse group that have been identified as predictors of cardiovascular health and are inversely proportional to cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes. Inactivity is a growing concern in industrialized nations and is an independent risk factor for CVD. There is limited evidence regarding the impact of reduced physical activity (rPA) on different CAC populations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of objectively monitored rPA with maintained energy balance on two CAC populations (CFU and CD34+cells), intracellular nitric oxide (NOi), and genes related to NO production in active, healthy men. Participants (age 25 …

Phylogenomic Study Indicates Widespread Lateral Gene Transfer In Entamoeba And Suggests A Past Intimate Relationship With Parabasalids, Jessica R. Grant, Laura A. Katz

Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Lateral gene transfer (LGT) has impacted the evolutionary history of eukaryotes, though to a lesser extent than in bacteria and archaea. Detecting LGT and distinguishing it from single gene tree artifacts is difficult, particularly when considering very ancient events (i.e., over hundreds of millions of years). Here, we use two independent lines of evidence - A taxon-rich phylogenetic approach and an assessment of the patterns of gene presence/absence- to evaluate the extent of LGT in the parasitic amoebozoan genus Entamoeba. Previous work has suggested that a number of genes in the genome of Entamoeba spp. were acquired by LGT. Our …

Quantifying Market Inefficiencies In The Baseball Players’ Market, Benjamin Baumer, Andrew Zimbalist

Mathematics Sciences: Faculty Publications

Among the central arguments of the bestselling book and movie Moneyball was the allegation that the labor market for baseball players was inefficient in 2002. At that time, Billy Beane and the Oakland Athletics used observations made by statistical analysts to exploit this market inefficiency, and acquire productive players on the cheap. Econometric analysis published in 2006 and 2007 confirmed the presence of an inefficient market for baseball players, but left open the question of to what extent, and how quickly, a market correction would occur. We find that this market had in fact already corrected by 2006, and moreover …

Mechanisms Of Elastic Enhancement And Hindrance For Finite-Length Undulatory Swimmers In Viscoelastic Fluids, Becca Thomases, Robert D. Guy

Mathematics Sciences: Faculty Publications

A computational model of finite-length undulatory swimmers is used to examine the physical origin of the effect of elasticity on swimming speed. We explore two distinct target swimming strokes: one derived from the motion of Caenorhabditis elegans, with large head undulations, and a contrasting stroke with large tail undulations. We show that both favorable stroke asymmetry and swimmer elasticity contribute to a speed-up, but a substantial boost results only when these two effects work together. We reproduce conflicting results from the literature simply by changing relevant physical parameters.

Molecular Xenomonitoring Using Mosquitoes To Map Lymphatic Filariasis After Mass Drug Administration In American Samoa, Mark A. Schmaedick, Amanda L. Koppel, Nils Pilotte, Melissa Torres, Steven A. Williams, Stephen L. Dobson, Patrick J. Lammie, Kimberly Y. Won

Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Background: Mass drug administration (MDA) programs have dramatically reduced lymphatic filariasis (LF) incidence in many areas around the globe, including American Samoa. As infection rates decline and MDA programs end, efficient and sensitive methods for detecting infections are needed to monitor for recrudescence. Molecular methods, collectively termed ‘molecular xenomonitoring,’ can identify parasite DNA or RNA in human blood-feeding mosquitoes. We tested mosquitoes trapped throughout the inhabited islands of American Samoa to identify areas of possible continuing LF transmission after completion of MDA.

Methodology/Principle Findings: Mosquitoes were collected using BG Sentinel traps from most of the villages on American Samoa’s largest …

Presenting Problems And Treatment Expectations Among Service Users Accessing Psychiatric Outpatient Care: Are There Gender Differences?, Ora Nakash, Maayan Nagar, Itzhak Levav

School for Social Work: Faculty Publications

Background: Community-based studies have documented gender differences in mental health problems and service utilization. This mixed methods study explored gender differences in severity of emotional distress, referral paths, presenting problems and care expectations among service users upon accessing outpatient psychiatric care. Methods: Consecutive service users (N=284, 64% women) who presented for a new or repeated episode of care in adult outpatient clinics completed questionnaires on a measure of emotional distress, treatment history and referral path. These variables were quantitatively analyzed. Also, users completed two open-ended questionnaires on reasons for seeking care and expectations from the services. These variables were qualitatively …

The Geomagnetic Environment In Which Sea Turtle Eggs Incubate Affects Subsequent Magnetic Navigation Behaviour Of Hatchlings, Matthew J. Fuxjager, Kyla R. Davidoff, Lisa A. Mangiamele, Kenneth J. Lohmann

Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Loggerhead sea turtle hatchlings (Caretta caretta) use regional magnetic fields as open-ocean navigational markers during trans-oceanic migrations. Little is known, however, about the ontogeny of this behaviour. As a first step towards investigating whether the magnetic environment in which hatchlings develop affects subsequent magnetic orientation behaviour, eggs deposited by nesting female loggerheads were permitted to develop in situ either in the natural ambient magnetic field or in a magnetic field distorted by magnets placed around the nest. In orientation experiments, hatchlings that developed in the normal ambient field oriented approximately south when exposed to a field that exists near the …

Functional Correlates Of Optic Flow Motion Processing In Parkinson's Disease, Deepti Putcha, Robert S. Ross, Maya L. Rosen, Daniel J. Norton, Alice Cronin-Golomb, David C. Somers, Chantal E. Stern

Neuroscience: Faculty Publications

The visual input created by the relative motion between an individual and the environment, also called optic flow, influences the sense of self-motion, postural orientation, veering of gait, and visuospatial cognition. An optic flow network comprising visual motion areas V6, V3A, and MT+, as well as visuo-vestibular areas including posterior insula vestibular cortex (PIVC) and cingulate sulcus visual area (CSv), has been described as uniquely selective for parsing egomotion depth cues in humans. Individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) have known behavioral deficits in optic flow perception and visuospatial cognition compared to age- and education-matched control adults (MC). The present study …

Ce Grand Bastiment Neuf Et Vieux’: The Louvre Towards Political, Social And Urban Transformations In The Grand Siècle, Hélène Visentin

French Studies: Faculty Publications

Special Issue: Building the Louvre: Architectures of Politics and Art. Eds Patrick Bray and Phillip John Usher

Counting Edge-Kempe-Equivalence Classes For 3-Edge-Colored Cubic Graphs, Sarah-Marie Belcastro, Ruth Haas

Mathematics Sciences: Faculty Publications

Two edge colorings of a graph are edge-Kempe equivalent if one can be obtained from the other by a series of edge-Kempe switches. This work gives some results for the number of edge-Kempe equivalence classes for cubic graphs. In particular we show every 2-connected planar bipartite cubic graph has exactly one edge-Kempe equivalence class. Additionally, we exhibit infinite families of nonplanar bipartite cubic graphs with a range of numbers of edge-Kempe equivalence classes. Techniques are developed that will be useful for analyzing other classes of graphs as well.

Cytoplasmic Carboxypeptidase 5 Regulates Tubulin Glutamylation And Zebrafish Cilia Formation And Function, Narendra Pathak, Christina A. Austin-Tse, Yan Liu, Aleksandr Vasilyev, Iain A. Drummond

Neuroscience: Faculty Publications

Glutamylation is a functionally important tubulin posttranslational modification enriched on stable microtubules of neuronal axons, mitotic spindles, centrioles, and cilia. In vertebrates, balanced activities of tubulin glutamyl ligase and cytoplasmic carboxypeptidase deglutamylase enzymes maintain organelle- and cell type-specific tubulin glutamylation pat terns. Tubulin glutamylation in cilia is regulated via restricted subcellular localization or ex pression of tubulin glutamyl ligases (ttlls) and nonenzymatic proteins, including the zebrafish TPR repeat protein Fleer/Ift70. Here we analyze the expression patterns of ccp deglutamy lase genes during zebrafish development and the effects of ccp gene knockdown on cilia formation, morphology, and tubulin glutamylation. The deglutamylases …

Harnack Estimates For Degenerate Parabolic Equations Modeled On The Subelliptic P-Laplacian, Benny Avelin, Luca Capogna, Giovanna Citti, Kaj Nyström

Mathematics Sciences: Faculty Publications

We establish a Harnack inequality for a class of quasi-linear PDE modeled on the prototype∂tu=-∑i=1mXi*(|Xu|p-2Xiu) where p ≥ 2, X = (X1, . . . , X m) is a system of Lipschitz vector fields defined on a smooth manifold M endowed with a Borel measure μ, and Xi* denotes the adjoint of X i with respect to μ. Our estimates are derived assuming that (i) the control distance d generated by X induces the same topology on M; (ii) a doubling condition for the μ-measure of d-metric balls; and (iii) the validity of a Poincaré inequality involving X and …