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Civil Society Organizations And Policy Process In Tajikistan, Andrew I.E. Ewoh, Favziya Nazarova, Rhonda N. Hill

Journal of Emerging Knowledge on Emerging Markets

This analysis examines the role of civil society organizations in the public policy process in Tajikistan. It begins with an examination of the emergence of civil society organizations (CSOs) in Tajikistan as a consequence of the government’s failure to address citizens’ needs, and its impact in resolving the socially significant problems in the post-conflict Tajikistan. This is followed by an exploration of the current political situation and the contextual policy environment in which CSOs must operate in order to exist. The article concludes that despite restrictions in their operations, CSOs not only advocate for new policies, they actively participate in …

Developing Business Acumen In Chinese Business School Graduates, Rajaram Veliyath, Bonnie Stivers, Joe Hair, Teresa Joyce, Marko Sarstedt

Journal of Emerging Knowledge on Emerging Markets

This study assessed the importance of knowledge, skills, abilities (i.e., KSAs) and competencies for managerial success in China’s market economy. Business students at a major Chinese university were surveyed over a five year period, initially in 2001 and later in 2006, five years after China’s entry into the World Trade Organization (WTO). Using Partial Least Squares (PLS), the explained variances in business acumen and social motivation skills were higher after China’s WTO entry. The results were reversed for communication skills. The results confirmed the predictive relevance of entrepreneurial behavior and adaptability in the model. Overall, the results suggest an enhanced …

Dilemmas Of Diversification: Regional Economic Development And Business-Industrial Clusters In China And Kazakhstan, Hilda C. Eitzen

Journal of Emerging Knowledge on Emerging Markets

Both China and Kazakhstan have established sovereign wealth funds and financial state holding companies, where diversified asset management can move beyond Western financial markets to take multiple stakes in other emerging market businesses, including international private equity, commodities, and real estate. Faced with uncertain returns in the West, China and Kazakhstan are increasingly poised to evolve separate yet mutually cooperative investment projects to further diversify their own state portfolios away from Western capital markets. For instance, China’s financial conglomerate CITIC (China International Trust and Investment Corporation) acquired shares of Kazakhstan’s sovereign wealth fund Samruk-Kazyna. As similar projects emerge in the …

Editor’S In Chief Note, Govind Hariharan

Journal of Emerging Knowledge on Emerging Markets

It is with great pleasure that we bring you this fourth volume of the ICA Institute’s Journal of Emerging Knowledge on Emerging Economies (JEKEM). JEKEM within a short time frame is evolving into a journal that brings to attention topical research in a wide range of critical issues on emerging economies. As the western economies jump from cliff to cliff, emerging economies have also become mired in an eddy. Thought leadership such as those provided in this issue of JEKEM can provide a guiding light as we swim to shore. In that vein, this issue of JEKEM has contributions from …

Japan’S Model Of Mobile Ecosystem Success: The Case Of Ntt Docomo, Donald L. Amoroso, Mikako Ogawa

Journal of Emerging Knowledge on Emerging Markets

This research looks at the adoption of Internet and mobile applications in the United States and Japan. It is the intent ofthis meta-exploratory study to examine factors of success with Japan’s mobile industry over the past decade. Takeshi Natsuno defined the ecosystem as a collection of roles in a collaborative balance. It is here that we began to search for the factors that have had an impact on the success of the mobile industry in Japan over the past two decades. It is the intent of this study to identify and discuss those factors to validate the ecosystem research model …

Tanzania And The Geo-Politics Of Rural Development: The Return Of Neoliberalism, Lindah Mhando

Journal of Emerging Knowledge on Emerging Markets

Modernization as development in the Post-War era was a compelling model for even critical scholars, as post-colonial societies sought growth and development as independent nations. This essay explores lessons from the Tanzanian case, in order to determine whether globalization is a similarly seductive, yet insufficient model for development in the current period. Looking at the intensive changes in Tanzania’s largely rural economy, from colonialism, to the ‘self-reliance’ of pre-villagization, and then Ujamaa or villagization, development and demographic trends and migration effects are analyzed. In light of these findings, implications for the contemporary period are considered. Demographic changes, urbanization, weak economic …

Brics At The Gate: Modern International Monetary System In Conditions Of Balanced Uncertainty, Sourabh Gupta, Ashok K. Roy

Journal of Emerging Knowledge on Emerging Markets

The history of the modern international monetary system has been one of balanced uncertainty, with a fundamental trade-off - and tension - persisting between it anchoring mechanism and the mechanism for adjusting imbalances within. Ever since the system’s moorings drifted from its anchoring to gold and the assured automaticity of convertibility, the adjustment mechanism to regulate intra-systemic imbalances - floating exchange rates, capital controls, coordinated international intervention, or a combination thereof - has had to be progressively scaled upwards to account for the contingent nature of the tie to gold. Attempts to weave this balance have typically tended to break …

Teaching Asia In The American South: A Case Study Of An African American Teacher’S Journey, Guichun Zong

Journal of Emerging Knowledge on Emerging Markets

Policy makers and researchers in American teacher education have long called for increased numbers of minority teachers to address the cultural gap between teachers and students, particularly in urban schools. However, very little is known about what these teacher candidates bring to and what happens to them as they progress through their professional development programs. The central purpose of this case study is to gain insights on an African American teacher candidate’ perspectives on teaching about Asia in the era of globalization: its primary purpose, curriculum, and effective strategies and resources to engage students. It also explores factors that shape …

Decolonizing Nationalism: Reading Nkrumah And Nyerere’S Pan-African Epistemology, Jesse Benjamin

Journal of Emerging Knowledge on Emerging Markets

Using the perspective of intellectual history, this essay explores the lives and philosophies of Julius K. Nyerere and Kwame Nkrumah, heads of state in Tanzania and Ghana, respectively, as well as philosophers, activists, and Pan-African leaders throughout their lifetimes. The central focus is on their concepts and practices of nationalism, and their attempts to transcend the confines of colonial, Western epistemologies in formulating new African social practices. Their concepts of African socialism, pan-Africanism, and neo-colonialism are examined closely. Their lived experiences with injustice in Africa and the Black Atlantic shaped their perspectives. Their unfinished work bequeathed to us tools for …

Overview Of Literature Relevant To Information And Communication Technology Based Healthcare Design In Rural China, Jiehui Jiang, Prabhu Kandachar, Adinda Freudenthal

Journal of Emerging Knowledge on Emerging Markets

ICT healthcare design in rural China is a special topic in product development, and various outputs about ICT, healthcare and rural China from literature are relevant to it. In this paper the author reviews those publications and defines three domains: Design for Base of the Pyramid, User Centered Design and ICT healthcare design. After studying these papers, the author founds out that none of exiting design models can be directly adapted into ICT healthcare design in rural China because some knowledge gaps have not been bridged yet now. As a discussion, the author proposes three investigation areas for the future …

Performance Measurement In An Era Of New Public Management, Andrew I.E. Ewoh

Journal of Emerging Knowledge on Emerging Markets

The last two decades have witnessed a proliferation of scholarly discourse on performance management. This discourse evolved out of a number of forces in the early 1990s from the new public management movement, which called for government to show its efficiency in expending public resources as well as prove that substantive results—or outcomes related to a program’s effectiveness—had been generated by its activities. As federal agencies developed performance standards at the program level as well as in the management and administrative functions, state governments and their localities were compelled to adopt the same measures as a method of assessing their …

China: Epitome Of An Emerging Market, Dilip K. Das

Journal of Emerging Knowledge on Emerging Markets

The essential objective of this article is to demonstrate that China, the largest emerging-market economy (EME), is surfeited with the characteristic features of an EME. It is well on its way to acquire the status of a matured industrial economy. The author follows China’s stellar growth path and the dramatic economic transformations that it underwent. The essential focus of this article is the characteristic features of the Chinese economy, like the status of the newly emerging private sector and the rapidly emerging middleclass. As rapid industrialization progressed, China not only has a leadership position in regional and global trade and …

An Analysis Of China’S Economic Reform Using The Neo-Classical Model Of International Trade, Jarrod Gibbons, Kishore G. Kulkarni

Journal of Emerging Knowledge on Emerging Markets

In the last 30 years China has integrated itself within the global economy, not only contributing to sustained growth within the country’s economy, but also to continuous growth of the economies of its trading partners. This paper discusses the momentous changes regarding China’s economic transformation and movement from a centrally planned economy to a modern market economy. The overarching goal of this paper is to delve into the conceptual foundation for understanding international trade as an engine of growth. The paper compares the economic development in the periods before, during and after economic liberalization, and provides data and graphs to …

Foreword, Jagdish Sheth

Journal of Emerging Knowledge on Emerging Markets

India, China, America (ICA) Institute's mission is to foster economic growth through innovation, entrepreneurship, inclusive growth, trade and investment, within and between advanced economies and emerging markets. This is clearly reflected in the papers included in this edition.

Flying Towards The Successful Skies: The Emerging Region Multinationals, Roli Nigam, Zhan Su

Journal of Emerging Knowledge on Emerging Markets

Multinationals from emerging regions have long been ignored by practitioners as well as researchers. However, with the ongoing globalization the emerging country multinationals have internationalized and emerged as strong global contenders. Their successful growth has been in spite of various complexities existing in their regions/countries due to economic backwardness along with the late comer disadvantage. Accordingly, their growing significance and participation in the global value chain makes it mandatory that they should be studied in detail and that our understanding about them should develop.

Understanding Brazil’S Oil Industry: Policy Dynamics And Self-Sufficiency, Erjia Joy Guan

Journal of Emerging Knowledge on Emerging Markets

This paper focuses on the premise that despite changes in the type of Brazil’s governmental leadership—and their respective political priorities and economic policies—the nation has engaged in a continual movement toward the fulfillment of its vision of self-sufficiency in oil, for the purposes of economic development as well as those of national security. After attaining self-sufficiency in oil in 2006, new offshore discoveries beginning in 2007 have placed Brazil among the world’s top ten countries in oil reserves. In light of these discoveries, the Brazilian government is considering a new legal framework with respect to its offshore oil reserves. This …

Fractals: A More Dynamic & Multidimensional Approach To Business Analytics, Priya A. Roy

Journal of Emerging Knowledge on Emerging Markets

This paper has two parts. In the first part, I articulate the short but significant evolution of the study of fractals. In the second part, I discuss the application of fractals to business models and business analytics. "Clouds are not spheres, mountains are not cones, coastlines are not circles, and bark is not smooth, nor does lightning travel in a straight line"(Mandelbrot, 1982, pg. 1). Thus began the study of fractals on a large scale. Fractals in their most common sense are nothing but interesting images. To scientists, however, they represent a fairly untrodden field in mathematics. Until the 1970s, …

The Nano Controversy: Peasant Identities, The Land Question And Neoliberal Industrialization In Marxist West Bengal, India, Sarasij Majumder

Journal of Emerging Knowledge on Emerging Markets

As the peasant-Nano opposition suggests, urban activists and intellectuals dubbed the movement against the land acquisition and building of the factory as a complete rejection of globalization and industrialization. This paper contests these public images of the protests against land acquisition by drawing attention to certain paradoxes that the Singur case presents (which I discuss below). I address these paradoxes through an ethnography done in villages where the controversy and the protests took place for two years (2006-2008). My ethnography suggests a perspective on protests against land acquisition in India, which is different from the usual narrative of capitalist industrialization …

Foreword, Jagdish N. Sheth

Journal of Emerging Knowledge on Emerging Markets

The world continues to experience the aftershock of globalization of trade and collapse of communism as forecasted in Tectonic Shift (Sheth and Sisodia, 2004). It will resettle with the rise of a new Triad Power (China, India and America) replacing the old trial power (Japan, Europe and America). It is the emergence of the new trilateral relationship with respect to trade, monetary policy, fiscal policy, as well as geopolitical and military alignment which will shape the future of global economy and politics. In essence, the formation of India, China and America (ICA) Institute and all of its publications and conferences …

Excellence In Higher Education In India: Way Forward, A. K. Sengupta, Vikram Parekh

Journal of Emerging Knowledge on Emerging Markets

Indian higher education is at a crossroads. Since independence India has seen a proliferation in terms of the number of institutes of higher learning. Unfortunately, this growth has often been accompanied with compromising quality. Besides internal management issues, the external regulation has also focused on inputs rather than process or output. As a result Indian higher education has lost its way in terms of creating new frontiers of knowledge. The emerging global competition & commitment under GATS is likely to make the situation further complex. It is high time the policy makers look seriously into all contours of quality of …

U.S. Student Teachers In Belize, China And Mexico: Patterns Of Cultural, Professional, And Character Development, Robert A. Devillar, Binbin Jiang

Journal of Emerging Knowledge on Emerging Markets

The United States mainstream populace has been notably deficient in its exposure, sensitivity and understanding relative to cultures, languages and people it considers different, whether within or outside its national borders. This general deficiency extends to the professional realm, and includes U.S. teachers, who, as adults and as a group, engage with students in a long-term, planned, structural and developmental manner that exceeds by far that of any other adult group. Teachers, therefore, have a critical responsibility with respect to accumulating and effectively expressing knowledge, skills and dispositions that will inform whom, what and how they teach in their classrooms, …

Internationalizing The University: Theory, Practice, Organization And Execution, Barry J. Morris

Journal of Emerging Knowledge on Emerging Markets

Leading universities around the globe have begun to internationalize their campuses. This effort is being driven by historic political and economic changes, changes in the academic and nonacademic environment, and by the strategic imperative for universities to remain at the forefront of its teaching, research and service missions. Universities are being asked to help meet major international challenges, to educate students in their disciplines with a sense of global competence and engagement, and to contribute to local and national economic competiveness. Faculty members must not only remain current in their disciplines globally but must also be aware of developments in …

China Rising In Latin America: More Opportunities Than Challenges, Antonio C. Hsiang

Journal of Emerging Knowledge on Emerging Markets

Relations between the People’s Republic of China and Latin America are characterized more by expanding trade flows and business connections than by establishing traditional political or military ties. China’s emergence in the region is peaceful and constructive. China’s rise in Latin America provides more opportunities than challenges for both Latin American and the United States, because:

First, China behaves as a “responsible stake-holder” in Latin America. Compared with Russia’s “security and military-technical cooperation” with Latin American, China’s engagements have been more constructive. Indeed, China’s purchase of commodity has been the main factor for Latin America’s economic growth in the last …

Chinese Scientific Socialism In Global Perspective: Geopolitical Implications For Latin America And The United States, Robert A. Devillar

Journal of Emerging Knowledge on Emerging Markets

Western media tends to analyze the phrase "Socialism with Chinese characteristics" and its development manifestations along a continuum of capitalism, authoritarian or state to liberal, rather than analyzing the phenomenon and its parts from a socialist-communist model. A myopic analytical perspective fails to capture potentially new forms emanating from the scientific socialist prism and their local-to-global impact. This paper examines the term socialism within distinct historical contexts and the term's associated semantic shifts to situate it within the contemporary Chinese context and practice, particularly related to foreign policy. The conditions associated with hegemonic shift or dilution are also examined in …

Welcome, Jagdish N. Sheth

Journal of Emerging Knowledge on Emerging Markets

I am very pleased that India, China, America (ICA) Institute has wisely decided to start this new Journal of Emerging Knowledge for Emerging Markets (JEKEM). Under the able leadership of Dr. Ashok Roy and its first Editorial Review Board, the mission of the Journal is to encourage scholarly research (both empirical and conceptual) on emerging markets.