Digital Commons Network^™

Spatiotemporal Insights Into Ranya's Land-Use Transformation Using Time-Series Imagery, Kaifi Chomani, Shwana Braim Hassan Manguri

Polytechnic Journal

Integration of GIS and remote sensing is a powerful source for implementing temporal analysis. The focus of this paper was to use Landsat 5 and 8 imageries to monitor changes in the Ranya city throughout five time periods (2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020). Image classification was done using iso cluster unsupervised classification tool via ArcGIS. To calculate the kappa coefficient and assess the accuracy, random points of the outcome were compared with ground truth data using Google Earth Pro, which produced highly accurate results. According to this study, the Ranya city had the highest proportion of green space (52%) …

The Healing Power Of Dietary Supplements To Prevent Long-Term Covid-19; A Prospective Observation Study, Hadi Mohammad, Tariq Sadeq, Media Ismail, Swar O Ahmed, Zana Ameen

Polytechnic Journal

The novel coronavirus which emerged from Wuhan, China, in December 2019, was first described as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and affects different systems in the body resulting in different symptoms and severity. The role of macro and micro nutrients plus gut microbiome (gut-lung axis) to boost the immune system is well documented. Therefore, this study aims to boost the immune system particularly the lung immunity to shorten the infection course and prevent post-covid complications. The study strategy depends on maintaining the maximum nutritional status for well-functioning immune system, directing immune system to focus on viral infection by …

Monthly Occurring, Maturation Time And Some Host Factor Effects On The Spirurine Nematode Rhabdochona (Rhabdochona) Longispicula Belous, 1965 Parasitizing Cyprinion Macrostomus (Ostiechthyes: Cyprinidae) From Greater Zab River, Samir Jawdat Bilal

Polytechnic Journal

Samples of the native fish Cyprinion macrostomus were collected monthly from three different points of Greater Zab River (Rezan, Qandil and Aski-kalak), from January to the end of December 2022. The goals of this study was to determine the prevalence, mean intensity and abundance of infected C. macrostomus with Rhabdochona (Rhabdochona) longispicula, the time and rate of parasite maturation, time of higher peak/ lower appearance of infection were studied. On other hand, effects of some host factors like sex and age were also revealed. The study showed fishes infections with the nematode Rhabdochona longispicula with a highest prevalence (42.85%) of …

تأثير اضافة الكبريت الزراعي و مخلفات الاغنام في النمو وحاصل زهرة الشمس, Abdel Salam Omar Mawlod, Belal Ibrahim Mohamed

Polytechnic Journal

"To understand the effect of adding agricultural sulphur and sheep manure on some growth stages، dimensions and the product of sun flower (Helianthus annuus)، an experiment was made in the Technical Institute in Khabat – Erbil Polytechnic University. The factorial experiment was applied in ""Randomized Complete Block Design"" in three replicates، by using four levels of agricultural sulphur %98، which are (0، 1، 2 and 3) tons.ha-1، and three levels of animal fertilizer (sheep manure) which are (0، 2، 4 and 6) tons.ha-1. The results showed that when adding agricultural sulfur in an amount of 3 ton.ha-1، it took the …

Effect Of Rainfall Pattern On Sediment Yield And Runoff In Different Textured Soils, Abdul-Rahman Perdawood Haydar, Kamyar Mutalib Mohammed, Dawod Rasooli Keya

Polytechnic Journal

Evaluating the impacts of rainfall intensities on bulk density, runoff rate, and sediment yield is critical in soil characterization and sediment transport. The primary objective of this research is to use multiple linear regression analysis to establish several models correlating rainfall intensity, silt content, and clay content with bulk density, sediment yield, and runoff rate. Several soil samples from different locations in Erbil, Iraq, were collected. Soil samples were placed in a rainfall simulator and brought back to in-situ conditions. The parameters of the suggested models for predicting bulk density, runoff rate, and sediment yield were estimated using linear and …

Comparative Study Between Virgin And Agriculture Soil Radon Activity Concentration And Their Radiological Risks, Hiwa Hamad Azeez Dr., Jahfer Majeed Smail Dr., Hemn Muhammad Salh Dr., Habeeb Hanna Mansour Dr., Saddon Taha Ahmad Prof. Dr., Hawbash H. Hamadamin Karim Dr.

Polytechnic Journal

The present study is to compare the radon activity concentration in agricultural and virgin soils from various locations along the Little Zab River (LZR) in the Iraqi Kurdistan region. We conducted 24 measurements of soil samples using long tube techniques equipped with an electric radon detector called RAD7 in our research. The findings revealed that the radon activity concentrations ranged from 37.3 ± 7.52 Bq m-3 to 298.25 ± 50.09 Bq m-3 in virgin soil, and from 33.03 ± 10.85 Bq m-3 to 320.25 ± 34.62 Bq.m-3 in agriculture soil. The annual effective dose was also calculated to be from …

The Effect Of The Circulation Design Of Buildings On Customer Satisfaction: Koya University Bank As A Case Study, Vian A. Shareef, Wezha H. Baiz, Soran K. Omer, Mohammed Awadh Jasim

Polytechnic Journal

The current study is an academic attempt to illuminate the impacts of the building circulation design of Koya University Bank on its customer satisfaction, and it is an exploratory study of customers’ opinions about the circulation designs of Koya University Bank.

The building circulation design includes six elements, such as pavements, main entrance doors, public corridors, waiting areas, comfortable seats, and parking spaces as independent variables, and customer satisfaction as a dependent variable of the study.

A questionnaire involving 16 items was set and distributed through an online link as the research sample. The population of the study is 163 …

Effect Of Different Levels Of Postbiotic And Phytobiotic Combination As On Growth Performance, Economic Production, And Immune Response Of Broiler Chickens, Jamil Mobarak Mahmoud Doski, Karwan Yaseen Kareem

Polytechnic Journal

A total of two hundred and eighty eight day old unsexed chicks from a Ross 308 cross were randomly assigned to eight treatment and four replicates and each replicator had twelve birds. The experimental groups includes, N-control= negative control (basal diet), P-control = basal diet + 0.01% Doxin200 (positive control) (w/w), 0.1% Pos+Phy = basal diet + 0.05% thyme oil (v/w) + 0.05% postbiotic, 0.2% Pos+Phy = basal diet + 0.1% thyme oil (v/w) + 0.1% postbiotic, 0.3% Pos+Phy = basal diet + basal diet + 0.15% thyme oil (v/w) + 0.15% postbiotic, and 0.4% Pos+Phy = basal diet + …

Lung Dosimetry Model Of Inhaled 222rn For Workers At Selected Building Material Factories In Erbil City, Iraq, Sardar Qader Othman, Ali Hassan Ahmed, Sarbaz Ibrahim Mohammed

Polytechnic Journal

Radon gas can cause lung harm, leading to extensive research on the biological effects of radon exposure in human lungs under various environmental conditions. The study estimates radon progeny doses for workers in Erbil city's building materials industries, focusing on alpha particle energy deposition, particle clearance, and lung deposition. Using a home condition of 1 Bq.m-3, radon progeny particle-absorbed doses in the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveolar-interstitial sections, and lungs were determined in the first scenario. The 1 Bq.m-3 is replaced with the radon level for each factory to prepare its atmosphere in the second scenario. For the first scenario, the …

Electrofacies Analysis Using A Geostatistical Approach, Northern Iraq Case Study, Hussein S. Hussein

Polytechnic Journal

The distribution of petrophysical parameters is governed by lithology, hence understanding the spatial variation in lithology is essential for reservoir characterisation. This study points out the use of well logs to estimate the lithology of carbonate rocks (limestone, marly limestone, dolomite, and dolomitic limestone) found in Upper Cretaceous to Miocene formations at the Khabbaz Oil Field in Northern Iraq. Applying the multivariate regression technique to neutron, and density data enabled accurate lithology prediction. By using independent values (well log data) to predict a dependent value (lithology), this technique is a progression of regression analysis. The formations under study comprised a …

A Comparative Study The Effect Of Aggregate Type On The Strength And Abrasion Resistance Of Concrete ,Kurdistan Region ,Iraq, Nawzat Rashad Ismail

Polytechnic Journal

This research assessed the utilization of substantial limestone and marlstone outcrop aggregates surrounding the city of Koya in the Shiranish Formation for building and concrete work. This study examines the effects of using two types of locally accessible aggregates on compressive strength qualities in the concrete mix as a partial replacement for using typical coarse aggregates to determine the acceptability of using the aggregates for typical concrete production. Physico-mechanical and chemical properties of the aggregates were investigated in a preliminary laboratory study shows that the average values of dry density, water absorption, porosity, moisture content, point load index, compressive strength …

Preliminary Study On Soil Mineral Identification In Erbil Province‎, Dawod R. Keya, Hemn O. Salih, Zewar Z. Omar, Ismail A. Said

Polytechnic Journal

This article presents a preliminary study conducted to identify soil minerals within Erbil Province. Soil minerals play a crucial role in soil fertility, nutrient availability, and various soil-related processes. Understanding the mineral composition of soils is essential for effective land management, sustainable agriculture, and environmental conservation. The study area was carefully selected to represent a diverse range of soil types, geological formations, and land use practices. A systematic sampling approach was employed, ensuring adequate coverage of the study area. 80 soil samples were collected from various locations and depths, and a combination of field observations and laboratory analyses was conducted …

Association Of The Abcb1 Gene Polymorphism And Infertility In Azoospermia Males In Iraqi Kurdish Population, Muhsin Jamil Abdulwahid

Polytechnic Journal

P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a product of the ABCB1 gene (ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1) or MDR: multiple drug resistance 1 gene is expressed in various parts of the human body, like testis. The ABCB1 gene has several single nucleotide polymorphisms in its exons and introns that have been discovered. This study used DNA sequencing and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to discover and characterize nucleotide variations in exons 27 of the ABCB1 gene in seven infertile and three normally fertile individuals. In this study, a set of primers were designed using the NCBI primer designing tool to amplify 394bp the …

Identification Of Micronuclei In The Lymphocytes Of The Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus According To The Period Of Diagnosis As A Biomarker, Harem Othman Smail

Polytechnic Journal

Micronuclei in lymphocytes can indicate DNA damage or chromosomal instability. This study aimed to compare the Micronuclei to the different period diagnoses of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Four groups were created out of 140 people: type 2 diabetes mellitus 1 year, type 2 diabetes mellitus 1 to 3 years, type 2 diabetes mellitus 3 to 5 years, and control. Each group had 35 participants. The blood sample taken from the individuals was put on a slide, fixed with 5% geimsa solution or Leishman stains, and examined under a microscope. Micronuclei scoring was completed afterwards. Additionally, p ≤ 0.05 was utilized …

The Ketogenic Diet Effect On Organ Chemistries, Rundk Hwaiz, Mohammad Mostafa, Sazan Talaat, Mohammed Merza

Polytechnic Journal

Background: ketogenic diet refers to the diet plan that emphasizes foods that are high in fats, moderate proteins and very low carbohydrates to consume more calories from fat rather than carbohydrates and is commonly used as a weight-loss plan and in rare cases, as a treatment for some diseases. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate or assess organ functions in the individuals following ketogenic diet. Patients and methods: A total 31 samples were collected from individuals following ketogenic diet in male and femal aged from 20 to 55, and a control group which composed of 10 healthy …

Integrated Use Of Usle, Gis, And Remote Sensing For Soil Erosion Mapping In Erbil Basin, Hemn O. Salih, Dawod R. Keya, Kamyar M. Mohammed

Polytechnic Journal

This article presents a comprehensive study on the integrated use of the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE), Geographic Information System (GIS), and remote sensing (RS) techniques for soil erosion mapping in the Erbil Basin. Soil erosion is a critical environmental issue that affects soil productivity, water quality, and ecosystem health. Understanding the spatial distribution and severity of soil erosion is essential for effective land management and erosion control measures. The study utilizes the USLE model, which considers multiple factors contributing to soil erosion, including rainfall erosivity, soil erodibility, slope length, slope steepness, and land cover. GIS tools were employed to …

Semantic Lung Segmentation From Chest X-Ray Images Using Seg-Net Deep Cnn Model, Dathar Abas Hasan, Umed Hayder Jader

Polytechnic Journal

Implementing an accurate image segmentation to extract the lung shape from X-ray images is a vital step in designing a CAD system that diagnoses various types of chest diseases. Lung segmentation is a complex process due to the blurred regions that separate the lung area and the rest of the image. The conventional image segmentation techniques do not meet the ambitions to achieve precise lung segmentation. In this paper, we utilized the Seg-Net semantic segmentation model as a practical approach to distinguish the lung region pixels in X-ray images. The model involves an encoder network that extracts the data from …

Evaluatin The Effect Of Primary Amine In Bitterness Of Selected Cephalosporins, Diyar B. Wso Mr., Dana Hamad Ameen Mr.

Polytechnic Journal

Cephalosporins, particularly Cephalexin and Cefaclor, are widely prescribed antibiotics known for their characteristic bitter taste, which poses challenges to their palatability and patient compliance. This bitterness is attributed to the specific chemical composition of these substances. The sensory experience of bitterness is influenced by distinct functional groups present in various foods and chemicals, along with the primary amine functional group being identified as a significant contributor to bitterness in compounds such as Cephalosporins. The prevalence of primary amine-related bitterness in both foods and medicines, including Cephalosporins, underscores the need to address this aversion factor. To overcome this taste challenge, researchers …

Impact Of Crowded Sky On Gnss Positioning, Shamal Fatah Ahmed Mr.

Polytechnic Journal

Presently, there is a huge number of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) satellites in orbit, and it is possible for users to have a clear view with a high number of satellites at a single epoch. This large number of satellites results in a significant improvement in satellite geometry, visibility, Dilution of Precision (DOP), and simultaneously, reduction of occupation time and sufficient time to fix the integer ambiguity. The static method is the most accurate method to establish geodetic networks using satellites, but the length of time required for the survey and the post-processing of the data may restrict its …

Land Use Land Cover Changes Detection Of Erbil City Using Gis And Remote Sensing, Mohammed Ghadban Mohammed Mr.

Polytechnic Journal

Erbil City, the capital of the Kurdistan region in Iraq, witnessed significant land use land cover changes over the last two decades. These Land Cover Land Use (LULC) changes were attributed to many main social, political, climactic, and economic variables, especially after 2003 in Iraq. The use of geographic information systems and remote sensing became active tools that use public satellite images to detect LULC changes in cities. Two images of the study area of Erbil City for the years 2003 and 2020 respectively were used to analyze and get the nature and the magnitude of the LULC changes. Six …

Performance Evaluation Of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Rejuvenated With Waste Engine Oil And Vacuum Residue In The Presence Of Water, Heja Gh. M. Hasan Mr., Ayman A. Abdulmawjoud

Polytechnic Journal

The service life of a road pavement reduces as it ages and loses quality due to exposure to various traffic loads and environmental conditions. This study investigates the possibility of reusing aged asphalt in pavement by mixing Waste Engine Oil (WEO) and Vacuum Residue (VR) to create a hybrid rejuvenator. Four types of binders, namely, virgin asphalt, aged asphalt, blended aged and virgin asphalt, and rejuvenated hybrid (WEO-VR) with aged and virgin asphalt, were evaluated using rheological and water immersion tests. The results show that WEO-VR greatly enhanced the properties of old asphalt in the presence of water based on …

Prevalence And Antibiotic Resistance Profile Of Secondary Bacterial Pneumonia And Bloodstream Infections Among Hospitalized Covid-19 Patients And Their Relation To Procalcitonin, Azhin D. Aziz Mrs., Adel K. Khider

Polytechnic Journal

Background and Objectives: in COVID-19 patients, secondary bacterial infections (SBIs) are a known complication of viral respiratory infections and are significantly associated with poorer outcomes.Our study aimed to determine the prevalence, clinical profile, antimicrobial resistance profile, and patient outcomes of secondary bacterial pneumonia and blood infections in COVID-19 hospitalized patients and their correlation with procalcitonin (PCT) levels.Method: During 7 months’ study, 260 clinical samples (blood and respiratory specimens) were collected from 130 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, of which 90 were from intensive care units (ICUs) and 40 from non-ICU departments, at six hospitals in Erbil city, Iraq. All samples were applied …

Correlation Between Life Style And Gingival Health In Adult Patients In Erbil City-Iraq, Shahida Rassul Hussein Mrs.

Polytechnic Journal

ABSTRACT Back ground and Objective: Gingivitis conceder as one of the most common, gum diseases. lifestyle choices can related to gingivitis such as diet, oral hygiene practices, regular dental visits and smoking . The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between life style and gingivitis of adult population in Erbil city. Methods: effect of life style on gingival health was determined for 360 patients age between 20-70years of both genders, visiting Erbil medical centers. Clinical examination of the gingival health was performed by reporting plaque, gingival indices by periodontal prob. Lifestyle was detected by questions about dietary …

Covid-19 Vaccines Hesitancy Among Universities Staff In The Kurdistan Region/Iraq: A Cross-Sectional Study, Avin Muhsin Assad Mrs., Rukhosh Esaq Mekha Mrs., Dawan Jamal Hawezy Mr., Azhi Aram Kareem Mr.

Polytechnic Journal

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) started in Wuhan, China, and become a pandemic quickly. The disease affected the lifestyle and damaged socio-economic status due to prevention measures. These measures had benefits at the time but did not stop the spread of the virus, so vaccination was another strategy to prevent the spread of the virus. This study aimed to explore the COVID-19 vaccines hesitancy among Universities staff in the Kurdistan Region/Iraq. Methods: A survey which consisted of four sections prepared and social media groups and emails were used to recruit universities staff in the Kurdistan Region/Iraq. The survey was created …

Allelopathic Effect Of Sidr (Ziziphus Spina- Christi (L.) Wild.) Leaf Extracts On Seed Germination And Seedling Parameters, Nohra Shwan Hanna Mrs., Yaseen Ahmed Rasheed Goran Mr.

Polytechnic Journal

Plants have several direct or indirect effects on other surrounding organisms in which it may be harmful or beneficial, in this study the potential allopathic effects of Ziziphus spina-christi (Sidr) leaf extracts were investigated alongside wheat (Triticum aestivum L), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), cress (Lepidium sativum L.) and fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) Seeds for the observation of their germination, in which different concentrations (0%, 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5%, and 10%) of sidr aqueous and methanolic extracts (70% methanol) were made and used against these seeds in vitro and their effect on germination was determined. This experiment showed a significant inhibitory effect …

Nephroprotective Roles Of L-Cysteine, Silymarin And Ursodeoxycholic Acid, Against Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Nephrotoxicity In Male Albino Rats, Hero H. Muhammed Saed Mrs., Sarwar N. Jafar Mr., Zeyan A. Ali Mrs., Treefa F. Ismail Mrs.

Polytechnic Journal

The comparison of histopathological and biochemical effects of L-cysteine, silymarin and ursodeoxycholic acid which have a protective effect on kidney function against CCl4 induce nephrotoxicity were investigated in this study. Twenty adult male rats were divided into 5 groups and treated as follows, the control group was administrated 1.5 ml/kg. B.W physiological solution (0.9%) orally, Carbon Tetrachloride group (CCl4 1.5 ml/kg. B.W), L-cysteine (100mg/kg B.W.) +CCl4 group, ursodeoxycholic acid (50 ml/kg B.W.) +CCl4 group, and the last group was Silymarin 100 mg/kg. B.W with CCl4, the experiment lasted 30 days. Oxidative stress caused by CCl4 caused increasing in Creatinine and …

Photon Interaction Parameters Of Some Chemical Compounds Found In Hard Tissue, Didar Swara Salih Mrs., Rafet Y Mr.

Polytechnic Journal

Photon interaction parameters of some chemical compounds in hard tissue were investigated in the energy range (1keV-100 GeV) by using the (NistXCom) program. These interaction parameters: mass attenuation coefficients (μρ), effective atomic number (Zeff), and electron density (Nel) as a measure of the absorption of photon energy by compounds in ­­­hard tissue. The events that cause absorption are the photoelectric effect, Compton effect, and pair formation events. Effective atomic numbers and electron densities of some compounds in hard tissue were calculated using the obtained mass attenuation coefficients. From the obtained data, the values of photon interaction parameters have been investigated …

Protective Effect Of Fenugreek Supplementation Against Mercury Toxicity On Sperm Parameters, Serum Testosterone And Testicular Tissue In The Rat, Jalal A. Karim, Karim R. Hamad

Polytechnic Journal

Background and objectives:The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effects of fenugreek supplementation against toxic effect of mercuric chloride (HgCl2)on Body weight (B.W), testis and epididymis weight, some sperm parameters, serum testosterone, serum MDA, and testis histology in the rat.Methods: Twenty eight male albino rats weights ranging from 254 to 302 gm and were divided randomly and equally into 4 groups. Group I: control, Group II: Rats received drinking water contained HgCl2 100 mg/L ad libitum, Group III: Rats received drinking water contained HgCl2 100 mg/L ad libitum, and fenugreek (F1) 0.75 mg/kg/day orally by gavage, Group …

Clinical & Laboratory Markers As Predictors For Severity And Mortality In Covid-19, Asma Ameen Ghareeb, Sazan Moffaq Abdulaziz

Polytechnic Journal

Backgrounds: COVID-19, a new health challenge, can be diagnosed by many laboratory biomarkers. Biomarkers became valuable for prognosis; identifying the severity and mortality of the disease in COVID-19 patients. This study aims to determine the association of clinical, demographics, and laboratory biomarkers (CRP, D-dimer, lymphocyte, and platelet) with the severity and mortality of COVID-19. Methods: Between June 1st and November 1st, 2020, 34 healthy controls and 104 COVID-19 cases were enrolled in this study. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed using the real-time RT-PCR technique. All cases were analyzed for clinical, epidemiological, and laboratory biomarkers. COVID-19 cases were regrouped into mild (n=40), …

Investigation Limb Darkening For Short Period Ab Andromeda Eclipsing Binary Star, Chiman Ibrahim Hussein Mrs.

Polytechnic Journal

This work deal with characterizing the limb darkening coefficients for the short period binary stars AD Andromeda to determine the size, luminosities and masses of the Individual stars as well as orbital size and orientation of the binary system. Calculate limb darkening for monochromatic pass bounds, the visual rang i.e. intermediate (uvby) have been calculated and broad bands to the near infrared. Also compute bolometric limb darkening coefficients for a linear as well as nonlinear logarithmic and square root limb darkening law as function of surface effective temperatures covering a wide range and surface gravities. By using the interpolation program …