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Articles 1 - 30 of 224
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Splenic Rupture, Secondary To G-Csf Use For Chemotherapy Induced Neutropenia: A Case Report And Review Of Literature., Nehal Masood, Asim Jamal Shaikh, Wasim Ahmed Memon, Romana Idress
Splenic Rupture, Secondary To G-Csf Use For Chemotherapy Induced Neutropenia: A Case Report And Review Of Literature., Nehal Masood, Asim Jamal Shaikh, Wasim Ahmed Memon, Romana Idress
Section of Haematology/Oncology
Introduction: Chemotherapy Induced neutropenia is a frequent and serious complication of cytotoxic cancer treatment. Granulocyte colony stimulating factors (G-CSF) are frequently used to counter neutropenia, attempt rapid recovery of Patients and allow for continuation of treatment without compromise on dose, especially in curative malignancies. Generally regarded as safe, G-CSF use has been very rarely reported to have resulted in serious side effects, such as, splenic rupture. Case Presentation: We are reporting a case of a twenty years old man, who was being treated for T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and received colony stimulating factors for treatment of severe neutropenia and …
Genotyping And Drug Resistance Patterns Of M. Tuberculosis Strains In Pakistan., Mahnaz Tanveer, Zahra Hasan, Amna R Siddiqui, Asho Ali, Akbar Kanji, Solomon Ghebremicheal, Rumina Hasan
Genotyping And Drug Resistance Patterns Of M. Tuberculosis Strains In Pakistan., Mahnaz Tanveer, Zahra Hasan, Amna R Siddiqui, Asho Ali, Akbar Kanji, Solomon Ghebremicheal, Rumina Hasan
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Background:The incidence of tuberculosis in Pakistan is 181/100,000 population. However, information about transmission and geographical prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains and their evolutionary genetics as well as drug resistance remains limited. Our objective was to determine the clonal composition, evolutionary genetics and drug resistance of M. tuberculosis isolates from different regions of the country.
Methods:
M. tuberculosis strains isolated (2003-2005) from specimens submitted to the laboratory through collection units nationwide were included. Drug susceptibility was performed and strains were spoligotyped.
Results:
Of 926 M. tuberculosis strains studied, 721(78%) were grouped into 59 "shared types", while 205 (22%) were identified …
Outcomes In Culture Positive And Culture Negative Ascitic Fluid Infection In Patients With Viral Cirrhosis: Cohort Study, Lubna Kamani, Khalid Mumtaz, Umair S. Ahmed, Ailia W. Ali, Wasim Jafri
Outcomes In Culture Positive And Culture Negative Ascitic Fluid Infection In Patients With Viral Cirrhosis: Cohort Study, Lubna Kamani, Khalid Mumtaz, Umair S. Ahmed, Ailia W. Ali, Wasim Jafri
Department of Medicine
Background: Ascitic fluid infection (AFI) in cirrhotic Patients has a high morbidity and mortality. It has two variants namely, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) and culture negative neutrocytic ascites (CNNA). The aim of this study was to determine the outcome in cirrhotic Patients with culture positive (SBP) and culture negative neutrocytic ascites. Methods: We analyzed 675 consecutive hepatitis B and/or C related cirrhosis Patients with ascites admitted in our hospital from November 2005 to December 2007. Of these, 187 Patients had AFI, clinical and laboratory parameters of these Patients including causes of cirrhosis, Child Turcotte Pugh (CTP) score were recorded. Results: …
Identifying People At High Risk For Developing Sleep Apnea Syndrome (Sas): A Cross-Sectional Study In A Pakistani Population, Fawad Taj, Zarmeneh Aly, Mahwash Kassi, Mansoor Ahmed
Identifying People At High Risk For Developing Sleep Apnea Syndrome (Sas): A Cross-Sectional Study In A Pakistani Population, Fawad Taj, Zarmeneh Aly, Mahwash Kassi, Mansoor Ahmed
Department of Medicine
Background: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is associated with many cardiovascular and psychiatric diseases. Day-time sleepiness is a common consequence of sleep apnea and correlates with road-traffic accidents (RTA). Pakistan has a high prevalence of factors which predispose an individual to OSA and death from RTAs are a huge burden. However there is a dearth of prevalence studies in this regard. We aim to understand local relevance of the disease and estimate the prevalence of individuals high-risk for OSA. Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted among 450 individuals at Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH), which is a tertiary care teaching hospital …
Bullying Of Medical Students In Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Survey., Syed Ahmer, Abdul Wahab Yousafzai, Naila Bhutto, Sumira Alam, Amanullah Khan Sarangzai, Arshad Iqbal
Bullying Of Medical Students In Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Survey., Syed Ahmer, Abdul Wahab Yousafzai, Naila Bhutto, Sumira Alam, Amanullah Khan Sarangzai, Arshad Iqbal
Department of Psychiatry
Background: Several studies from other countries have shown that bullying, harassment, abuse or belittlement are a regular phenomenon faced not only by medical students, but also junior doctors, doctors undertaking research and other healthcare professionals. While research has been carried out on bullying experienced by psychiatrists and psychiatry trainees in Pakistan no such research has been conducted on medical students in this country. Methodology/Principal Findings: We conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire survey on final year medical students in six medical colleges of Pakistan. The response rate was 63%. Fifty-two percent of respondents reported that they had faced bullying or harassment …
Mesenteric Panniculitis With Pedal Edema In A 33-Year-Old Pakistani Man: A Case Report And Literature Review., Abdul M Zafar, Muhamad A Rauf, Tabish Chawla, Gule Khanda
Mesenteric Panniculitis With Pedal Edema In A 33-Year-Old Pakistani Man: A Case Report And Literature Review., Abdul M Zafar, Muhamad A Rauf, Tabish Chawla, Gule Khanda
Department of Radiology
Introduction:Mesenteric panniculitis is a rare pathology of unknown etiology characterized by inflammation and fibrosis in the mesentery. Its protean clinical and radiological manifestations make it a diagnostic challenge. There is no established treatment available for its management. The clinical outcome is inconsistent, with the prognosis ranging from complete resolution without any treatment to rapid progression culminating in death. Case Presentation: A 33-year-old Pakistani man presented with vague abdominal pain, an ill-defined epigastric mass and bilateral pedal edema. A detailed review of his history and laboratory investigations did not point to any diagnosis. The Patient underwent an exploratory laparotomy based …
Fatal Transfusion Related Acute Lung Injury Following Coronary Artery By-Pass Surgery: A Case Report., Fauzia Ahmad Bawany, Hasanat Sharif
Fatal Transfusion Related Acute Lung Injury Following Coronary Artery By-Pass Surgery: A Case Report., Fauzia Ahmad Bawany, Hasanat Sharif
Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery
Background:Transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a potentially fatal Acute Lung Injury following transfusion of blood components. Hypotheses implicate donor-derived anti-human leukocyte antigen or granulocyte antibodies reacting with recipients' leukocytes, releasing inflammatory mediators. Lack of agreement on underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms renders improving transfusion safety difficult and expensive.
Case Presentation:
Literature search has not revealed any case of TRALI from Pakistan. We report the case of fatal TRALI in a 68 year old male who received blood products after coronary artery by-pass surgery.
Conclusion:
This article aims to create awareness about this complication and suggests that post …
Can Rote Learners Be Transformed Into Critical Thinkers Through A Concept – Mapping Intervention?, Raisa B. Gul, Shanaz Hussein Cassum, Khairulnissa Ajani
Can Rote Learners Be Transformed Into Critical Thinkers Through A Concept – Mapping Intervention?, Raisa B. Gul, Shanaz Hussein Cassum, Khairulnissa Ajani
Book Chapters / Conference Papers
Critical thinking is an important outcome of higher education in any discipline. International literature reveals that teaching strategies—such as reflections, self-directed learning, questioning, and concept mapping—which ask for active engagement of students in their learning, foster critical thinking. Social context of the learning environment, and the instructor’s competence and approach to teaching also influence students’ critical thinking abilities. Contrary to the required teaching practices, didactic teaching and rote learning are still prevalent in most teaching institutions and disciplines in Pakistan. The focus of this paper is to report on the process and findings of a quasi-experimental study in which students …
Practices And Knowledge Of Schoolchildren Regarding Chhaalia/Paan Masala In Mahmoodabad And Chanesar Goth, Karachi, Sameena Shah, Riaz Qureshi, Iqbal Azam Syed
Practices And Knowledge Of Schoolchildren Regarding Chhaalia/Paan Masala In Mahmoodabad And Chanesar Goth, Karachi, Sameena Shah, Riaz Qureshi, Iqbal Azam Syed
Department of Family Medicine
OBJECTIVE: To determine the practices and knowledge about chhaalia and paan masala chewing among school children in Mahmoodabad and Chanesar Goth, Karachi, Pakistan.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in three government schools of Mahmoodabad and Chanesar Goth, Jamshed Town, Karachi. Students of either gender were interviewed using a pre-coded structured questionnaire. In addition to the demographic data, questions included frequency of use, practices among friends and family and procurement of these substances. Knowledge about harmful effects, source of the knowledge and practices in relation to knowledge were also assessed.
RESULTS: A total of 370 students, ages between 10 to …
Students’ Attitudes, Motivation And Anxiety Towards English Language Learning, Meenaz Shams Hashwani
Students’ Attitudes, Motivation And Anxiety Towards English Language Learning, Meenaz Shams Hashwani
Institute for Educational Development, Karachi
Motivational factors and experiences have the potential to influence students’ attitudes and anxiety levels towards English language learning. Recognizing the importance and multi-dimensional complexities of motivational attitudes and anxiety, this mini-research study attempts to investigate gender wise students’ attitudes, motivation and anxiety towards the learning of English as a second language in the multilingual context of Karachi, Pakistan. The study adapts a survey questionnaire from Gardner’s ‘Attitude Motivation Test Battery,’ to explore attitudes (English language and learning), motivations (intrinsic and extrinsic) and classroom anxiety of grade 8th students in a private secondary school. The survey findings of 77 students (40 …
Pathological Sub-Types, Risk Factors And Outcome Of Stroke At The Nairobi Hospital, Kenya, James Jowi, Peter Mativo
Pathological Sub-Types, Risk Factors And Outcome Of Stroke At The Nairobi Hospital, Kenya, James Jowi, Peter Mativo
Internal Medicine, East Africa
Background: Stroke is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality the world over. Established risk factors such as arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cigarette smoking, hyper-lipidaemia, micro-vascular rupture, male gender, age and observed co-morbities such as sickle cell disease, HIV/AIDS infection and cerebral malaria are increasingly being encountered in the tropics.
Objectives: To determine pathological sub-types, risk factors, in-hospital period prevalence and in-hospital outcome of stroke.
Design: Hospital-based retrospective study.
Setting: The Nairobi Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya.
Subjects: Patients with recorded diagnosis of stroke/cerebral vascular accident; as per WHO criteria for diagnosis of stroke, …
Use Of Anticonvulsants Drugs For Neuropathic Painful Conditions, Aziza Mohammad Hussain, Gauhar Afshan
Use Of Anticonvulsants Drugs For Neuropathic Painful Conditions, Aziza Mohammad Hussain, Gauhar Afshan
Department of Anaesthesia
Neuropathic pain, a form of chronic pain initiated and sustained by an insult to the peripheral or central nervous system, is a challenge to clinicians as it does not respond well to traditional pain therapies. However exact pathophysiology is not known but considering similarities between epilepsy models and in neuropathic pain models justify the rationale for use of anticonvulsant drugs in the symptomatic management of neuropathic pain disorders. The role of anticonvulsant drugs in the treatment of neuropathic pain is evolving and various clinical trials have used these anticonvulsants and shown positive results in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia, painful …
Awareness Of The Risk Factors, Presenting Features And Complications Of Hypertension Amongst Hypertensives And Normotensives, Syed Nabeel Zafar, Saqib A. Gowani, Faria Amber Irani, Mohammad Ishaq
Awareness Of The Risk Factors, Presenting Features And Complications Of Hypertension Amongst Hypertensives And Normotensives, Syed Nabeel Zafar, Saqib A. Gowani, Faria Amber Irani, Mohammad Ishaq
Section of Cardiology
OBJECTIVES: To assess the level of awareness with regards to risk factors, presenting features and complications of hypertension. Moreover, to Compare the level of awareness amongst patients (hypertensives) and nonpatients (normotensives) in Karachi, Pakistan.METHODS: This cross-sectional study was carried out on a random sample of 440 people (220-normotensives/220-hypertensives) using an interview based questionnaire. Data entry was performed on Epi-info v 6 and managed and analyzed on SPSS v 14. Proportions were calculated for categorical data, means and standard deviations were calculated for continuous data.RESULTS: Hypertensives had a higher mean awareness score than the normotensives (p
Silencing Of Mbd1 And Mecp2 In Prostate-Cancer-Derived Pc3 Cells Produces Differential Gene Expression Profiles And Cellular Phenotypes, Yaqinuddin Ahmed, Farhat Abbas, Syed S. Naqvi, Mohammad U. Bashir, Romena Qazi, Sohail A. Qureshi
Silencing Of Mbd1 And Mecp2 In Prostate-Cancer-Derived Pc3 Cells Produces Differential Gene Expression Profiles And Cellular Phenotypes, Yaqinuddin Ahmed, Farhat Abbas, Syed S. Naqvi, Mohammad U. Bashir, Romena Qazi, Sohail A. Qureshi
Section of Urology
Alterations in genomic CpG methylation patterns have been found to be associated with cell transformation and neoplasia. Although it is recognized that methylation of CpG residues negatively regulates gene expression, how the various MBPs (methyl-binding proteins) contribute to this process remains elusive. To determine whether the two well characterized proteins MeCP2 (methyl-CpG-binding protein 2) and MBD1 (methyl-CpG-binding domain 1) have distinct or redundant functions, we employed RNAi (RNA interference) to silence their expression in the prostate cancer-derived PC3cell line, and subsequently compared cell growth, invasion and migration properties of these cell lines in addition to their respective mRNA-expressionprofiles. Cells devoid …
Knowledge And Practices Regarding Cigarette Smoking Among Adult Women In A Rural District Of Sindh, Pakistan, Sajid Ali, Naseem Ara, Arif Ali, Beena Ali, Muhammad Masood Kadir
Knowledge And Practices Regarding Cigarette Smoking Among Adult Women In A Rural District Of Sindh, Pakistan, Sajid Ali, Naseem Ara, Arif Ali, Beena Ali, Muhammad Masood Kadir
Community Health Sciences
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of cigarette smoking and to obtain information on socio-demographic factors and attitude regarding cigarette smoking among adult women in a rural district of Sindh Province, Pakistan.
METHODS: A cross sectional community based survey was done in a rural district of Sindh province of Pakistan using a two stage cluster sampling design. A pre tested questionnaire was used to interview 502 adult women (aged 18- 60 years) from the study site. The study was approved by the ethical research committee and informed consent was taken from participants.
RESULTS: A total of 502 women were interviewed for …
Response Of Imitanib Meysylate In Patients With Gastrointestinal Stromal Cell Tumour, Abdullah Ladha, Mohammad Usman Shaikh
Response Of Imitanib Meysylate In Patients With Gastrointestinal Stromal Cell Tumour, Abdullah Ladha, Mohammad Usman Shaikh
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
In this study, the response of Imitanib Mesylate in patients with Gastro-intestinal stromal cell tumour (GIST) was assessed. GIST results from a mutation in one of the receptor protein tyrosine kinases. Imitanib Mesylate, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has emerged as a promising new treatment for GISTs. Total 16 cases were reviewed. Diagnosis was based on biopsy and immunohistochemistry. Response assessment was done using CT scans, at a median duration of 4 months. The median age of the patients was 52 years, Majority were male (n=14). Most common presenting complaint was abdominal pain (n=7). Commonest primary site was stomach (n=7), Liver …
A Comparison Of Treatments Offered To Patients With Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis, Saleem Perwaiz Iqbal, Sadia Mahmud, Saeed Hamid, Omrana Pasha, Khabir Ahmad
A Comparison Of Treatments Offered To Patients With Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis, Saleem Perwaiz Iqbal, Sadia Mahmud, Saeed Hamid, Omrana Pasha, Khabir Ahmad
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health
OBJECTIVE: To compare various treatment options provided to patients with Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) and assess improvement in liver status via reduction in serum Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) levels.
STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study.
PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from April 2000 to April 2007.
METHODOLOGY: All available records of patients aged between 20-70 years, fatty liver on ultrasound, elevated serum ALT and having at least one follow-up, after a baseline visit were included. The patients had variable number of follow-ups and a maximum of 3 follow-ups were considered. Information was collected on demographic and clinical …
Pacemaker Patients' Perception Of Unsafe Activities: A Survey, Masooma Aqeel, Azam Shafquat, Nawal Salahuddin
Pacemaker Patients' Perception Of Unsafe Activities: A Survey, Masooma Aqeel, Azam Shafquat, Nawal Salahuddin
Section of Cardiology
Background: Cardiac pacing is a recognized and widely used treatment for Patients presenting with bradycardia. Physicians expect Patients to return to normal activities almost immediately post implantation. However, Patients themselves may perceive interference to pacemaker function by various routine activities and devices, and hence continue to lead restricted, disabled lives. The aim of this study is to determine if routine activities are perceived by pacemaker Patients to interfere with their device function. Methods: A descriptive cross sectional survey was carried out on consecutive Patients at the pacemaker clinic at a public hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. A 47-question tool was developed …
Prevalence And Factors Associated With Intestinal Parasitic Infection Among Children In An Urban Slum Of Karachi., Vikram Mehraj, Juanita Hatcher, Saeed Akhtar, Ghazala Rafique, Mohammad Asim Beg
Prevalence And Factors Associated With Intestinal Parasitic Infection Among Children In An Urban Slum Of Karachi., Vikram Mehraj, Juanita Hatcher, Saeed Akhtar, Ghazala Rafique, Mohammad Asim Beg
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Background:Intestinal parasitic infections are endemic worldwide and have been described as constituting the greatest single worldwide cause of illness and disease. Poverty, illiteracy, poor hygiene, lack of access to potable water and hot and humid tropical climate are the factors associated with intestinal parasitic infections. The study aimed to estimate prevalence and identify factors associated with intestinal parasitic infections among 1 to 5 years old children residing in an urban slum of Karachi Pakistan. Methods And Principal
Findings:A cross sectional survey was conducted from February to June 2006 in Ghosia Colony Gulshan Town Karachi, Pakistan. A simple random …
Predictors Of Gastrointestinal Lesions On Endoscopy In Iron Deficiency Anemia Without Gastrointestinal Symptoms, Shahid Majid, Mohammad Salih, Rozina Wasaya, Wasim Jafri
Predictors Of Gastrointestinal Lesions On Endoscopy In Iron Deficiency Anemia Without Gastrointestinal Symptoms, Shahid Majid, Mohammad Salih, Rozina Wasaya, Wasim Jafri
Section of Gastroenterology
Background:Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) due to occult gastrointestinal (GI) blood loss usually remains unnoticed until Patient become symptomatic. There is sparse data in IDA Patients without gastrointestinal symptoms. This study was designed to find out the frequency and predictors of endoscopic lesions in IDA without gastrointestinal symptoms. Cross-sectional study performed on a convenience sample of consecutive subjects.
Methods: Ninety five consecutive Patients with laboratory based diagnosis of IDA having no gastrointestinal symptoms were interviewed and their clinical and biochemical variables were recorded. All the study Patients underwent esophago-gastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and colonoscopy. Endoscopic findings were documented as presence/absence of bleeding …
Blood Pressure Lowering And Vasomodulator Effects Of Piperine, Syed Intasar Husain Taqvi, Abdul Jabbar Shah, Anwar Gilani
Blood Pressure Lowering And Vasomodulator Effects Of Piperine, Syed Intasar Husain Taqvi, Abdul Jabbar Shah, Anwar Gilani
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
This study was aimed to explore underlying mechanism(s) of cardiovascular effects of piperine. Intravenous administration of piperine caused a dose-dependent (1 to 10 mg/kg) decrease in mean arterial pressure (MAP) in normotensive anesthetized rats, the next higher dose (30 mg/kg) did not cause any further change in MAP. The fall in blood pressure (BP) was followed by small increase in MAP after each dose. In Langendorrf's rabbit heart preparation, piperine caused partial inhibition and verapamil caused complete inhibition of force and rate of ventricular contractions and coronary flow. In rabbit aortic rings, piperine inhibited high K(+) (80 mM) precontractions and …
Surgical Management Of Blunt Pancreatic Trauma: A Modus Operandi Or Individualized Therapy?, Muhammad Rizwan Khan, Kiran Ejaz
Surgical Management Of Blunt Pancreatic Trauma: A Modus Operandi Or Individualized Therapy?, Muhammad Rizwan Khan, Kiran Ejaz
Section of General Surgery
The overall rate of blunt pancreatic trauma observed in level one trauma centers is rather low compared to other injuries, with a reported prevalence of 0.4 per 100,000 hospital admissions. The situation may be further complicated by the presence of associated major visceral injuries in these patients. A number of previous reports indicate that blunt pancreatic trauma carries high morbidity and mortality rates, especially when diagnosis is delayed or inappropriate surgery is attempted. Many mandate prompt surgical explorations for organ-specific diagnosis on CT; however other literature and upcoming studies prove otherwise. Over the years, several technologic advances have increased the …
Vocal Fold Granuloma After Prolonged Neurosurgical Procedure With Wire Reinforced Endotracheal Tube, Muhammad Zubair Tahir, Muhammad Shahzad Shamim, Rashid Jooma
Vocal Fold Granuloma After Prolonged Neurosurgical Procedure With Wire Reinforced Endotracheal Tube, Muhammad Zubair Tahir, Muhammad Shahzad Shamim, Rashid Jooma
Section of Neurosurgery
No abstract provided.
Hiv-Associated Pulmonary Hypertension: Case Report, Jay Shavadia, S. Das, Gerald Yonga
Hiv-Associated Pulmonary Hypertension: Case Report, Jay Shavadia, S. Das, Gerald Yonga
Internal Medicine, East Africa
With the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy, there has been a significant change in the epidemiology of pulmonary disease in HIV/AIDS. The relative prevalence of non-infectious manifestations is likely to rise. HIV associated pulmonary hypertension (HIV-PH), albeit low prevalence, is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Presently, despite having scanty evidence on the management modalities of HIV-PH, evidence extrapolated from idiopathic pulmonary hypertension is being utilised to effectively manage some of these patients. Efforts should therefore be made to screen, diagnose and treat these patients. A case of a thirty year old female with HIV disease and severe pulmonary …
A Comparison Of Cephalometric Analyses For Assessing Sagittal Jaw Relationship, Gul-E-Erum, Mubassar Fida
A Comparison Of Cephalometric Analyses For Assessing Sagittal Jaw Relationship, Gul-E-Erum, Mubassar Fida
Section of Dental-Oral Maxillofacial Surgery
OBJECTIVE: To compare the seven methods of cephalometric analysis for assessing sagittal jaw relationship and to determine the level of agreement between them.
STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional, analytical study.
PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: Dental Section, the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from January to December 2004.
METHODOLOGY: Seven methods, describing anteroposterior jaw relationships (A-B plane, ANB, Wits, AXB, AF-BF, FABA and Beta angle) were measured on the lateral cephalographs of 85 patients. Correlation analysis, using Cramer's V-test, was performed to determine the possible agreement between the pair of analyses.
RESULTS: The mean age of the sample, comprising 35 males and …
Factors Associated With Hydrocarbon Ingestion In Children, Emaduddin Siddiqui, Junaid Razzak, Farah Naz, Sabeena Jalal Khan
Factors Associated With Hydrocarbon Ingestion In Children, Emaduddin Siddiqui, Junaid Razzak, Farah Naz, Sabeena Jalal Khan
Department of Emergency Medicine
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the types of hydrocarbon ingested by children and identify factors associated with hydrocarbons ingestion.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: It was a hospital based case control study in which medical records of sixty seven children with hydrocarbon ingestion, admitted through emergency department between January 2001 to December 2005 of Aga Khan Hospital were reviewed. Variables such as age, sex, types of hydrocarbons, amount ingested, socioeconomic status, family size, number of children, type of containers, trend of ingestion during hot weather, length of stay at hospital along with the outcomes were evaluated.
RESULTS: Out of 67 patients, 53 (79%) were …
New Knowledge Through New Skills, Sultana Ali Norozi
New Knowledge Through New Skills, Sultana Ali Norozi
Institute for Educational Development, Karachi
No abstract provided.
Prevalence Of Hcv And Hiv Infections In 2005-Earthquake-Affected Areas Of Pakistan., Saeed Khan, Mohammad A Rai, Adnan Khan, Amber Farooqui, Shahana U Kazmi, Syed H Ali
Prevalence Of Hcv And Hiv Infections In 2005-Earthquake-Affected Areas Of Pakistan., Saeed Khan, Mohammad A Rai, Adnan Khan, Amber Farooqui, Shahana U Kazmi, Syed H Ali
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Background: On October 8, 2005, an earthquake of magnitude 7.6 hit the Northern parts of Pakistan. In the post-earthquake scenario, overcrowding, improper sewage disposal, contamination of food and drinking water, hasty surgical procedures, and unscreened blood transfusions to earthquake victims most likely promotes the spread of infections already prevalent in the area. Objective: The objective of the study reported here was to determine the prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency and Hepatitis C viruses (respectively, HIV and HCV) in the earthquake-affected communities of Pakistan. The samples were analyzed 2 months and then again 11 months after the earthquake to estimate the burden …
Fluoroquinolones For Treating Typhoid And Paratyphoid Fever (Enteric Fever), Durrane Thaver, Anita K. M. Zaidi, Julia A. Critchley, Asma Azmatullah, Syed Ali Madni, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta
Fluoroquinolones For Treating Typhoid And Paratyphoid Fever (Enteric Fever), Durrane Thaver, Anita K. M. Zaidi, Julia A. Critchley, Asma Azmatullah, Syed Ali Madni, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health
Background: Fluoroquinolones are recommended as first-line therapy for typhoid and paratyphoid fever (enteric fever), but how they compare with other antibiotics and different fluoroquinolones is unclear.
Objectives: To evaluate fluoroquinolone antibiotics for treating enteric fever in children and adults compared with other antibiotics, different fluoroquinolones, and different durations of fluoroquinolone treatment.
Search strategy: In November 2007, we searched the Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group Specialized Register, CENTRAL (The Cochrane Library 2007, Issue 4), MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, mRCT, conference proceedings, and reference lists.
Selection criteria: Randomized controlled trials of fluoroquinolones in people with blood or bone marrow culture-confirmed enteric fever.
Data collection …
Hepatitis B Virus Interacts With Albumin Precursor In Vivo, Saeeda Baig, Anwar Ali Siddiqui, Shamim Mushtaq, Jawed Shafqat
Hepatitis B Virus Interacts With Albumin Precursor In Vivo, Saeeda Baig, Anwar Ali Siddiqui, Shamim Mushtaq, Jawed Shafqat
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
A range of proteins has been recognized as mediators/hypothetical receptors for hepatitis B virus (HBV), but the results are conflicting and inconclusive especially regarding their biological significance. This study was aimed at identifying a novel HBV-interacting protein which would provide a better understanding of its transport in blood, attachment, fusion and entry into hepatocytes. Serum samples positive for HBV confirmed by PCR were subjected to ammonium sulfate fractionations at 50, 75, 100%, saturation. PCR of each fraction demonstrated amplification of HBV in 100% fraction. Protein analysis by SDS PAGE of fractions showed one band of approximately 69 kDa protein, in …