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Insomnia Characteristics And Clinical Correlates In Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom Veterans With Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder And Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: An Exploratory Study, D. M. Wallace, S. Shafazand, A.R. Ramos, D.Z. Carvalho, H. Gardener, D. Lorenzo, W.K. Wohlgemuth
Insomnia Characteristics And Clinical Correlates In Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom Veterans With Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder And Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: An Exploratory Study, D. M. Wallace, S. Shafazand, A.R. Ramos, D.Z. Carvalho, H. Gardener, D. Lorenzo, W.K. Wohlgemuth
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Background: There is limited data on chronic insomnia in Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF) veterans, in whom post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) often co-exist. Our aim was to compare sleep characteristics of three groups of OEF/OIF veterans: (1) healthy sleepers (HS), (2) those with insomnia associated with PTSD and mTBI (PTSD–mTBI), and (3) those with insomnia associated with PTSD alone.
Methods: Consecutive veterans with insomnia complaints (>6 months) were recruited over 6 months from the Miami VA Post Deployment clinic. Participants completed a sleep disorders clinical interview, medical history, and questionnaires …