Digital Commons Network^™

Digital Ethics Of Artificial Intelligence (Ai) In Saudi Arabia And United Arab Emirates, Ella Gorian, Noor Dzuhaidah Osman

Open Access archive

Artificial intelligence (AI) poses a serious challenge for data protection and ethics. Whereas ethics is based on the moral and religious understanding of good and evil, adherence to religious norms is vital for many nations. In Islam, privacy is a fundamental value that is deeply rooted in the principles of Shariah law and focuses on the dignity of the individual, personal boundaries and moral behaviour. Therefore, the use of AI technologies by Islamic nations raises concerns about the compatibility of these traditional privacy norms with ethical frameworks for AI. To ensure that the field of AI is not only innovative …

Rejecting The Ottomans, Revisiting The Mamluks, Yasmine M. Ahmed, Claire Panetta

Faculty Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

British Colonialism And Imperialism, Atreyee Majumder, Sandeep Banerjee

Popular Media

Oxford Bibliographies provides faculty and students alike with a seamless pathway to the most accurate and reliable resources for a variety of academic topics. Written and reviewed by academic experts, every article in their database is an authoritative guide to the current scholarship, containing original commentary and annotations. This bibliography focuses on the relationship between British colonialism in India and the development of modern Hinduism.

A Storm Of Songs, Atreyee Majumder, J S. Hawley

Popular Media

No abstract provided.

Al-Ghazālī, Averroes And The Critique Of Avicenna’S Metaphysics, Ahmed El-Sayed Abdel Meguid

Audio & Video by Faculty: Webinars, interviews, documentaries, etc...

Talk by Dr. Ahmed Abdelmeguid “Al-Ghazālī, Averroes and the Critique of Avicenna’s Metaphysics: An Arabic Premodern Critique of Essentialism and Naturalism Ahmed Abdel Meguid is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Philosophy at the American University in Cairo (AUC), Cairo, Egypt. He earned his BA at AUC and his MA and PhD in Philosophy at Emory University. He has presented papers at key institutions in North America and Europe including Harvard, Yale, Oxford, and was recently a fellow of the Center for Ethics at the University of Toronto. His research draws on Islamic andGerman philosophy focusing on metaphysics and …

Ibn Al-Jawzī’S Critique Of Sufism In Talbīs Iblīs: A Re-Examination, Pascal Held

Faculty Journal Articles

This study seeks to re-examine Ibn al-Jawzī’s (d. 597/1201) censure of Sufism in his Talbīs Iblīs, a widely-known and frequently cited, but rarely carefully considered work. The article finds that Talbīs Iblīs’ chapter devoted to Sufism does indeed constitute a scathing condemnation of the Sufi tradition, which is however by no means comprehensive and requires moreover certain specifications and clarifications. For example, is Ibn al-Jawzī’s criticism mostly limited to Sufi conduct and practice, especially in public, rather than their ideas and beliefs, and likewise does he use his criticism to highlight commendable forms of piety and mysticism, revealing that he …

Shāh Walī Allāh In Defence Of Ibn Taymiyyah, Muzzammil Ahmad, Ian Greer

Faculty Journal Articles

Until now, only a short excerpt from the eighteenth-century South Asian reformist Shāh Walī Allāh’s (d. 1176/1762) treatise in defence of the medieval Syrian theologian Ibn Taymiyyah (d. 728/1328) has been published in English. In addition to providing a full translation of Risālah fī Manāqib Ibn Taymiyyah wa ’l-Difā‘ ‘anhu (Epistle on the Virtues of Ibn Taymiyyah and in His Defence), this article argues that Shāh Walī Allāh’s due attention for Ibn Taymiyyah is principally a defence of his own work for the larger Walī Allāhī project, heavily inspired by the latter, and an effort to reconcile thinkers as disparate …

Performance Of Black Soldier Fly Frass Fertiliser On Maize (Zea Mays L.) Growth, Yield, Nutritional Quality, And Economic Returns, C. M. Tanga, D. Beesigamukama, M. Kassie, P. J. Egonyu, Changeh J. Ghemoh, Kiatoko Nkoba, S. Subramanian, A. O. Anyega, S. Ekesi

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Although the black soldier fly frass fertiliser (BSFFF) is globally recognised as a promising and potential high-quality organic fertiliser, there is inadequate information on its impact on the growth performance and nutritional status of maize. Furthermore, no information exist on their combination with mineral fertiliser (NPK) as well as economic impact on maize production. This study evaluated the comparative impact of BSFFF, NPK and commercial organic fertiliser (Evergrow®) on growth, nitrogen use efficiency, yield, nutritional quality, and profitability of maize under greenhouse conditions. The treatments included: (1) sole application of BSFFF, conventional compost of brewers’ spent grain (BSG), Evergrow, and …

Default/Breach Of Contract Characteristics Of Mudharabah Financing In Sharia Banking, Trisadini Prasastinah Usanti, Fiska Silvia Raden Roro

Journal of Islamic Law Studies

One of financings channeled by Sharia Bank is mudharabah. The contract of mudharabah is a mutual agreement between the first party (malik, shahibul maal, or Sharia Bank) which supports the whole capitals and the second party (‘amil, mudharib, or Customer) which acts upon fund endowment by sharing the profit in accordance with the agreement stated in the contract, while the loss is fully covered by Sharia Bank unless the customer (mudharib) makes an intentional mistake, in negligence or violates the agreement. Mudharib in the contract of mudharabah acts upon amin (the trusted one). The capital given is a mandate being …

The Implementation Of Collateral In The Con-Tract Of Mudharabah Financing According To Act No. 21 Of 2008 On Sharia Banking And Dsn-Mui’S Fatwa, Mhd. Yadi Harahap

Journal of Islamic Law Studies

Contract of mudharabah financing is principally intended to meet the interests of businesses in terms of capital or additional capital to implement a productive business, between two or more parties. The problems of contract of mudharabah financing arises when owners of capital requires collateral to be met by businesses. Imposition guarantees in classical fiqh that developed by the mazhab of Imam that in terms of mudharabah financing, capital owners cannot demand collateral from businesses to recoup the principal or capital plus profit. If the owners of capital require the provision of collater-al from mudharib and make collateral as a condition …

Perbandingan Syarat Impeachment Di Dalam Un- Dang-Undang Dasar 1945 Dengan Pemikiran Imam Al- Mawardi, Catur Alfath Satriya

Journal of Islamic Law Studies

After reformation, constitutional structure of Republic of Indonesia has transformed fundamentally. People consultative assembly (MPR) is no longer as the highest of state institution anymore. Further- more, impeachment as one of the feature of presidential government system is regulated in new con- stitution. Before amendment, Indonesia has no rule of impeachment. So, impeachment is only based on political decision not law decision and it is not appropriate with rule of law principle. This article describe the comparison of impeachment requirement in UUD 1945 with impeachment requirement in Imam Al- Mawardi’s thought as a political islamic scholar.

Ruu Ketahanan Keluarga: Modifikasi Hukum Se- Bagai Upaya Mencapai Tujuan Hukum Islam Dalam Memelihara Keturunan, Muthmainnah Muthmainnah

Journal of Islamic Law Studies

Salah satu tujuan Hukum Islam menurut Abu Ishaq Al-Shatibi adalah memelihara keturunan. Tujuan tersebut merupakan salah satu tujuan yang sangat penting di dalam kehidupan manusia. Namun, upaya untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut mengalami beberapa hambatan yang ditunjukkan dengan tidak berfungsinya keluarga di masyarakat. Esai ini berusaha mengkaji salah satu RUU yang diprakarsai oleh Fraksi PKS DPR-RI yang telah disahkan menjadi RUU inisiatif DPR-RI periode 2015-2019 yai- tu RUU Ketahanan Keluarga. Perwujudan pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan merupakan hal yang penting bagi Indonesia sebagai negara hukum. Salah satu bentuk peraturan perundang-un- dangan yang sangat penting dalam kehidupan bernegara adalah undang-undang. RUU Ketahanan Keluarga dibutuhkan …

Ziba, Ziba, Sherianne Schow, Brandi Kilmer, Heather Oman

TSOS Interview Gallery

Ziba, a promising medical student, fled Afghanistan in 2018 due to instability and for her safety. Life was difficult upon arrival in the United States. In Afghanistan Ziba was involved in national and international poetry, math and science competitions. Ziba went from having everything to starting completely over in a new country. Her anxiety and depression became extremely difficult to deal with She reminded herself who she was, what her passions were and in January 2019 started medical school while working part time as a cashier. Her hope for future arriving refugees is to have a mental health network established …

Trapping, Identification And Rearing Of Edible Palm Weevils In Kenya And Uganda, J. P. Egonyu, K. J. Gitonga, F. M. Khamis, R. S. Copeland, P. Finyange, R. Odhiambo, G. Ddamulira, C. M. Tanga, S. Subramanian

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Palm weevils, Rhynchophorus spp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) double as devastating invasive pests of palms, and delicacies in many communities. This study evaluated ethyl acetate and 3-methyl-octan-4-ol for trapping palm weevils from coconut, oil and raffia palms in Kenya and Uganda; taking into account the distance of traps on oil palm from a forest or raffia palm. Eggs from the weevils from different locations were incubated and their larvae reared on sugarcane under laboratory conditions. All the 285 weevils collected were identified by morphological and molecular techniques as Rhynchophorus phoenicis, and the catch was female-biased. 3-methyl-octan-4-ol attracted more weevils than ethyl acetate. …

Cannibalism, Oviposition And Egg Development In The Edible Long-Horned Grasshopper, Ruspolia Differens (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) Under Laboratory Conditions, J. P. Egonyu, M. M. Miti, C. M. Tanga, A. Leonard, S. Subramanian

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Reliance on seasonal wild harvests of the edible long-horned grasshopper Ruspolia differens (Serville) (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) needs to be broken through developing efficient mass rearing protocols. This study aimed at boosting productivity of laboratory colonies of R. differens through understanding ways of minimising cannibalism, selecting suitable oviposition substrates and enhancing egg development and hatchability. Firstly, we investigated the extent of cannibalism in a colony of R. differens relative to total mortality, sex, diurnality, growth stage, body parts eaten and visual barriers (presence/absence of cardboard egg trays). R. differens cadavers recovered from cages with/without the egg trays were scored for cause of …

Occurrence Of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes On Enset (Ensete Ventricosum) In Ethiopia With Focus On Pratylenchus Goodeyi As A Key Species Of The Crop, Selamawit A. Kidane, Beira H. Meressa, Solveig Haukeland, Trine Hvoslef-Eide, Christer Magnusson, Marjolein Couvreur, Wim Bert, Danny L. Coyne

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Summary - Enset (Ensete ventricosum) is an important starch staple crop, cultivated primarily in south and southwestern Ethiopia. Enset is the main crop of a sustainable indigenous African system that ensures food security in a country that is food deficient. Related to the banana family, enset is similarly affected by plant-parasitic nematodes. Plant-parasitic nematodes impose a huge constraint on agriculture. The distribution, population density and incidence of plant-parasitic nematodes of enset was determined during August 2018. A total of 308 fields were sampled from major enset-growing zones of Ethiopia. Eleven plant-parasitic nematode taxa were identified, with Pratylenchus (lesion nematode) being …

Changes In Chemical And Microbiological Quality Of Semi-Processed Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia Illucens L.) Larval Meal During Storage, E. Kamau, C. Mutungi, J. Kinyuru, S. Imathiu, S. Ekesi, S. Ekesi, D. Nakimbugwe, K. K.M. Fiaboe

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Edible insects are receiving attention as a protein source in the food and feed sector. However, successful commercialisation requires mass production matched with appropriate processing and storage techniques. The quality of dried and pulverised black soldier fly larvae stored in woven polypropylene (PP) sacks, polyethylene (PE) bags and plastic containers with screw lid (PL) in ambient and refrigerated environments was monitored over six months. Chemical indicators (oxidation, fatty acid profile), microbiological parameters (total viable counts, yeast and moulds, Enterobacteriaceae, presumptive coliforms, Salmonella) and colour change were examined. Temperature and relative humidity of the storage environments were monitored. In the ambient …

The Development Of Khanaphism In Mavarannakhr, Raziya Matibayeva

The Light of Islam

Currently, an urgent task for Islamic studies scholars is the study of Islam, in particular, a deep study of the Hanafi madhab, which includes national traditions and values, informing our people with the principles of tolerance and strengthening the ideological consciousness of our youth. Indeed, hanafism is a widespread madhab, which is followed by most of the peoples of Central Asia. Among the four Sunni madhabs: hanafis, malikis, shafiis and hanbalis, the largest number of believers are hanafis. The principles of tolerance inherent in the Hanafi religion were the reason for spreading it throughout the Islamic world, and the study …

Attitude To The Waqf During Sovet Period In Uzbekistan Ssr, H. Yunuskhodjaev

Central Asian Problems of Modern Science and Education

In this article one the Islamic custom – foundation and its traditions were mentioned. In addition to these, there stated the significance of waqf‘s values during Soviet Union

Perception And Awareness Of Insects As An Alternative Protein Source Among Fish Farmers And Fish Feed Traders, G. Ssepuuya, C. Sebatta, E. Sikahwa, P. Fuuna, M. Sengendo, J. Mugisha, K. K.M. Fiaboe, D. Nakimbugwe

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The perception of key players in the fish farming sector towards the use of insects is important for their acceptance to adopt insects as an alternative protein source to the expensive fish meal. Perception was established through a cross-sectional study of 208 fish farmers and 71 fish feed traders and/or processors conducted in Gulu, Tororo and Masaka districts in Uganda, using descriptive, Chi-square, correlation and factor statistical analysis of the data collected. Males dominated the fish farming and fish feed trading and/or processing enterprises. Youths were involved to almost the same extent as adults. Fish farmers majorly practiced pond fish …

Steve & Anita, Steve, Anita, Tsos

TSOS Interview Gallery

Steve and Anita Canfield helped the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Turkey. They helped send blankets, coats, and washing machines to Syrian refugees. They were assigned to Frankfurt to assess refugee camps, soup kitchens, warehouses, and immigrant communities. The couple visited refugee camps and soup kitchens all over Europe to determine what was needed most by refugees.

The Canfields established the Friendship Center in Rome. The center offers classes in Italian, English, Italian, and a Red Cross course. It also has a gospel choir, a popular activity for primarily African refugees. The LDS Church has plans to …

Relationship Between New Farming Practices And Chemical Use And The Consumption Of Giant Cricket (Brachytrupes Membranaceus Drury, 1770), F. O. Miantsia, F. Meutchieye, S. Niassy

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The current work is aimed at generating information on giant crickets and the impact of commonly used pesticides on the natural population of these crickets. Data was collected based on interviews and complemented with field observations. Out of 319 respondents surveyed, 290 were aware of the use of the giant cricket as a food source, and 161 were active consumers. Regarding the availability of the giant cricket, respondents reported that the crickets' populations were diminishing because of farming practices. About 219 persons reported that commonly used herbicides harm giant crickets at different stages. This could be attributed to the scarcity …

Physico-Chemical Properties Of Extruded Aquafeed Pellets Containing Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia Illucens) Larvae And Adult Cricket (Acheta Domesticus) Meals, F. G. Irungu, C. M. Mutungi, A. K. Faraj, H. Affognon, N. Kibet, C. Tanga, S. Ekesi, D. Nakimbugwe, K. K.M. Fiaboe

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Fish farming is faced with the challenge of high cost of feeds because of the cost of high quality protein needed for formulation of the feeds. Thus, there is urgent need for alternative protein sources. The effects of substituting freshwater shrimp meal (FWSM) with black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFM) or adult cricket meal (ACM) on physico-chemical properties of hot-extruded fish feed pellets were investigated. The FWSM protein in a 26 g/100 g protein fish feed formulation was substituted at 0, 25, 50 and 75%, and moisture content of the formulated blends adjusted to 10, 20 or 30 g/100 g …

Diapause Disruption In Cirina Butyrospermi Vuillet (Lepidoptera, Attacidae), The Shea Caterpillar, In Burkina Faso, H. B. Bama, R. A. Dabire, D. Ouattara, S. Niassy, M. N. Ba, D. Dakouo

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The shea caterpillar Cirina butyrospermi is an important insect, highly valued as a human food item in Burkina Faso. However, its appearance is seasonal due to its univoltine cycle. This study therefore investigated the possibilities of breaking the nymphal diapause by changing the environmental factors and through the hormonal treatment of prepupae and pupae using bovine insulin and 20-hydroxyecdysone. Changes in humidity and temperature did not result in emergence, suggesting a mandatory nature of the diapause in C. butyrospermi. Injection of 20-hydroxyecdysone between 20 and 40 ng on 20 C. butyrospermi pupae resulted in 15.24 and 47.5% emergence, respectively. The …

Proximate Composition And In Vitro Protein Digestibility Of Extruded Aquafeeds Containing Acheta Domesticus And Hermetia Illucens Fractions, F. G. Irungu, C. M. Mutungi, A. K. Faraj, H. Affognon, S. Ekesi, D. Nakimbugwe, K. K.M. Fiaboe

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Major protein sources for feed manufacture have become costly, and this has led to increased cost of products such as aquafeeds. This has dampening effect on fish production especially in developing countries, and has necessitated a search for alternative protein sources in processed feeds. The effects of extrusion on aquafeed blends containing fractions of adult cricket (Acheta domesticus) meal (ACM) or black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) pre-pupae meal (BSFM) on proximate composition and in vitro protein digestibility were investigated. Extrusion resulted in higher contents of protein and nitrogen free extract, and lower contents of ether extract and crude fibre as …

Suitability Of Egg Hatching Conditions And Commonly Available Food Plants For Rearing The Long-Horned Grasshopper Ruspolia Differens Serville (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae), G. Ssepuuya, C. M. Tanga, I. Yekko, F. Sengendo, C. T. Ndagire, K. K.M. Fiaboe, J. Karungi, D. Nakimbugwe

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Efforts to promote sustainable production and processing of Ruspolia differens Serville (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) as a viable agribusiness model for enhancing food and nutrition security have gained momentum. However, the inexistence of rearing techniques adapted to this insect creates uncertainty regarding the effectiveness of up-scaling production. This study evaluated the effect of five temperatures (26, 28, 30, 32 and 34 °C) on egg development time, percentage hatchability and nymphal weight at hatching. It also evaluated the average weekly wet weight attained by R. differens and percentage survival during growth when reared at 30 °C on four different food plant diets. The …

Al-Ghazālī'S Conception Of The Purification Of The Self: Reflections From Iḥyā’ ‘Ulūm Al-Dīn (Revival Of The Religious Knowledge), Soha Ahmad Helwa

Theses and Dissertations

Al-Ghazālī's name and his book Iḥyā’ ‘Ulūm al-Dīn are attached to self-purification, which is an essential part in the religion of Islam. This study does not seek to analyze all the details of Al-Ghazālī's program to purify the self. Rather, it focuses on delineating a framework - from Iḥyā’ ‘Ulūm al-Dīn - concerning his understanding of self-purification. This framework mainly includes his method of purifying the self. In the midst of this, many of Al-Ghazālī's psychological insights are extracted, under the umbrella of the Islamic perspective of psychology. Among these insights are some related to his perception of the human …

Leonard Bagalwa, Leonard Bagalwa, Tsos

TSOS Interview Gallery

Leonard was forced to join the military at the age of 17 in his home country of the Congo. A Catholic priest smuggled me out of the country and I lived in refugee camps in several different countries until 2004 when he came to the United States.

In 2005, a couple came to Leonard when he was homeless in the Provo library. They found out that he needed help and offered to let me live with them. They ended up paying my tuition for my education and I went to college for five years.

Leonard uses his experiences to teach …

Use Of Insects For Fish And Poultry Compound Feed In Sub-Saharan Africa - A Systematic Review, G. Ssepuuya, V. Namulawa, D. Mbabazi, S. Mugerwa, P. Fuuna, Z. Nampijja, S. Ekesi, K. K.M. Fiaboe, D. Nakimbugwe

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The cost of compound feed is a constraint in intensive fish and poultry farming, contributing 60-80% of the total production costs, 70% of which is due to fish and soy meal used as protein source. This review presents the extent to which insects have been utilised as an alternative protein source in feed in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). A key word search of agricultural, biological and multi-disciplinary databases and academic search engines was conducted for literature on the extent of research and utilisation of insects in poultry and fish feed in SSA. There is limited published information on the practice as …

Living, Again: Population And Paradox In Recent Cinema, Keith Clavin

Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications

The last several decades have witnessed a drastic increase in ecological writing, but also a substantial lack in regards to the discussion of human population control. This article argues that the deficiency has been reproduced within several recent examples of eco-cinema, Snowpiercer and Mad Max: Fury Road. Despite strong conservationist themes and narratives encouraging social revolution, the films encounter similar theoretical difficulties, and enact similar resulting absences, within their representational fields. As a consequence, the environmental topics are filtered through an anthropocentric lens that generates a set of paradoxes regarding human consumption, sacrifice and the visualisation of future sustainable states.