Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Articles 1 - 17 of 17
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Vertical Distribution In Grass Swards: Interactions Between Dry Matter And Nutritional Quality, D R. Buckmaster, R H. Mohtar, S L. Fales
Vertical Distribution In Grass Swards: Interactions Between Dry Matter And Nutritional Quality, D R. Buckmaster, R H. Mohtar, S L. Fales
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
A field experiment was conducted to study the distribution of mass and quality over plant height throughout the growing season in a pure stand of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.). When plant density (expressed as kg DM/ha per cm height) is plotted against a height of strata, all treatments show a similar linear shape distribution. ADF and NDF concentrations declined with sward height. Fall treatments had lower ADF and NDF concentrations than summer treatments. Conversely, CP concentrations showed an increase with plant height. Fall treatments showed higher CP than spring and summer treatments. Defoliation management did not affect orchardgrass quality. …
An Interactive Multimedia Educational Program For Pasture Management, P G. Tow, Corina Mulholland, P Marriott, D A. Shelton
An Interactive Multimedia Educational Program For Pasture Management, P G. Tow, Corina Mulholland, P Marriott, D A. Shelton
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Developing abilities in pasture management decision making is important for all students of pasture agronomy, whether they plan to work in management, extension or research. Such problem-based learning fosters an ability to understand and apply principles, and to integrate and use information from various sources. A computerassisted, problem based, multimedia educational programme, “Pasture Management” has been developed to complement limited field exercises in pasture assessment and management. It comprises illustrated case studies and supporting information. Students interact with the programme by choosing alternative management options, calling up images and text as required to assist them. The programme supplies feedback for …
The Effect Of Different Winter Utilization Periods Of A C4 Subtropic Foggage On The Growth Of Weaners, I F. Reckling, G.H J. Kruger
The Effect Of Different Winter Utilization Periods Of A C4 Subtropic Foggage On The Growth Of Weaners, I F. Reckling, G.H J. Kruger
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
A significant (P<0.05) increase in lick consumption was found, as winter progressed, which was attributed to a significant decline in the quality (P<0.05) of Digitaria eriantha foggage. Harvested treatments resulted in a significant (P<0.05) decline in residual soil nitrogen levels compared to unharvested treatments. Losses, due to trampling, on average was 21.25%. It is advocated that Digitaria eriantha ought to be utilised in summer and is only suitable for maintenance if utilised in winter.
The Accession Of Grassy Weed Seeds Into The Soil Seedbank Of Grasslands, R.D B. Whalley, T S. Andrews, M R. Gardener
The Accession Of Grassy Weed Seeds Into The Soil Seedbank Of Grasslands, R.D B. Whalley, T S. Andrews, M R. Gardener
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Perennial grassy weeds of grasslands are usually characterised by substantial and long lived soil seedbanks. A comparison of the potential seed production and accession into the seedbanks of giant Parramatta grass (Sporobolus indicus var. major (Buse) Baaijens) and Chilean needle grass (Nassella neesiana (Trin. & Rupr.) Barkworth) revealed big differences in their potential annual seed production and in the proportion being incorporated into the seedbank. The potential seed production of giant Parramatta grass was about 668,000 seeds m-2 and only about 0.3% of these were incorporated into the seedbank. The figures for Chilean needle grass were 22,000 seeds …
Grassland Management In Central Area Of The Masurian Landscape Park, K Mlynarczyk, E Marks, E Korona
Grassland Management In Central Area Of The Masurian Landscape Park, K Mlynarczyk, E Marks, E Korona
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Permanent grassland occupy some 12% of the area of the Masurian Landscape Park. The Cirsio-Polygonetum plant association was distinguished on the semi-natural meadows situated on the peat-marsh soil. Changes in botanical composition of the meadow sward and the productivity of DM, against a background of different mineral fertilization, were examined in a medium-scale plot experiment. It was concluded that both aspects ofutilization must be accorded high priority in the case of extensively managed meadows: medium level of forage production and the landscape conservation.
Breeding Morphogenetic Traits To Match Genotypes To Their Utilization, L Hazard, M Betin, M Ghesquiere
Breeding Morphogenetic Traits To Match Genotypes To Their Utilization, L Hazard, M Betin, M Ghesquiere
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
A divergent selection for lamina length was done from natural populations of perennial ryegrass. Tested in a multi-site experiment in France, the short-leaved perennial ryegrass was more productive under simulated grazing and less productive under infrequent cutting than the long-leaved perennial ryegrass. Matching cultivars to their management is possible by selecting for morphogenetic traits. However, our results suggest the range of adaptation to different managements of perennial ryegrass cultivars could be extended by increasing their phenotypic plasticity.
Evaluation Of Oat Genotypes For Forage And Seed Production In The Northeast Region Of Sao Paulo State-Brazil, R A. Reis, L R. De A. Rodrigues, T De J D. Rodrigues
Evaluation Of Oat Genotypes For Forage And Seed Production In The Northeast Region Of Sao Paulo State-Brazil, R A. Reis, L R. De A. Rodrigues, T De J D. Rodrigues
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The DM production (DMP), chemical composition, and seed production of black oats (Avena strigosa Schreb.) and the yellow oat cultivars ‘UPF2’ , ‘UPF3’ and ‘UPF7’ (A. byzantina C. Kock.) were evaluated under two management systems: plants cut (60 days after sowing-DAS) and uncut for seed production. Oat genotypes were sown in 1993 and 1994. UPF7 was the least productive. No difference was detected (P > 0.05) in the cell wall composition of the genotypes. High values of CP (22.9%) and IVDMD (77.6%) were determined across all genotypes. In 1994, cutting at 60 DAS affected the seed production of the cultivars. …
Contribute To A Definition Of Extensive Grazing (Mediterranean), J. Potes, J. P. F. Almeida, C. Matos, A. Teixeira
Contribute To A Definition Of Extensive Grazing (Mediterranean), J. Potes, J. P. F. Almeida, C. Matos, A. Teixeira
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The subject of this paper is a definition of Extensive Grazing from Extensive Systems of Animal Production in Mediterranean environments. The edaphoclimatic characterization is essential to understand the low level of primary productivity as a consequence of irregular precipitation over the year and its absence during the long, dry and hot summer. The powerless of soils justify the limited contribution of plants and make clear the necessary recovery of the soil and storage of water naturally (soil) or artificially (irrigation). Considering the IPBES (Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services) definition of extensive grazing it has been used the …
Rangeland Devastated By Invasive Annual Grass, H. E. Quicke
Rangeland Devastated By Invasive Annual Grass, H. E. Quicke
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
This paper serves as an introduction to the thematic session on protection and restoration of western US rangelands. Exotic annual grass species have steadily invaded western US rangeland for decades. More recently, the problem of invasive annual grasses received national attention with multiple stakeholders working together under the auspices of Western Governors’ Association to develop a common strategy to fight back.
Development Of Forage Curriculum For Extension Educators In The Southeast Usa, L. S. Silva, L. Dillard, K. Mullenix, M. Wallau, J. J. Tucker, C. Vasco
Development Of Forage Curriculum For Extension Educators In The Southeast Usa, L. S. Silva, L. Dillard, K. Mullenix, M. Wallau, J. J. Tucker, C. Vasco
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
In the Southeast USA, livestock production is one of the largest agricultural activities, and forages are the primary feed source. Most livestock systems are highly dependent on off-farm inputs to support forage production and animal performance, which elevates production costs and the activity's carbon footprint. There is a strong need to develop forage educational resources to enhance productivity, environmental sustainability, resilience, and profitability of agricultural systems in the region. This multi-disciplinary initiative was a collaboration among several land-grant Universities across the region. The objective was to develop decision tools and provide in-classroom training associated with hands-on demonstrations to Extension agents …
Forage And Grazinglands Extension: Training The Next Generation Of Specialists, D. W. Hancock
Forage And Grazinglands Extension: Training The Next Generation Of Specialists, D. W. Hancock
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
This invited talk provides a perspective on what is required to excel in the role as an Extension Specialist. In the USA, most such Extension Specialists are tenure-track faculty, and have state-wide or even multi-state responsibilities. Advice is given on how to balance the high expectations of such a faculty appointment while providing appropriate recommendations to farmers/ranchers and service providers in the forage and grazinglands industry. This talk will offer one former Extension Specialist’s perspective on the skills, experience, and persona required to begin a successful career as a Forage and Grazinglands Extension Specialist. Additional exposition will be given on …
Challenges Of Grassland Policies Implementation In Kenya And The Sustainable Development Goals, N. Daari
Challenges Of Grassland Policies Implementation In Kenya And The Sustainable Development Goals, N. Daari
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Since independence, Kenya has found herself at the crossroads caused by economic recession, criminality, corruption and ineptitude leadership that has led to persistent household extreme poverty. It is time now to search for solutions to address the challenges facing sustainable livelihood development in Kenya. This study, therefore examines the challenges of grasslands related policies and their implementation in Kenya and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). A review study of the literature on grasslands and rangelands related policies and laws, SDGs frameworks, government and academic literature was carried out. The study results show that; Kenya has faced challenges of grasslands policies …
Integrating Plant Secondary Metabolites And Foraging Behavior To Enhance Animal Health In Ruminant Production Systems, J. J. Villalba, J. W. Macadam, S. Van Vliet, F. D. Provenza
Integrating Plant Secondary Metabolites And Foraging Behavior To Enhance Animal Health In Ruminant Production Systems, J. J. Villalba, J. W. Macadam, S. Van Vliet, F. D. Provenza
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Legumes and forbs contain bioactives or plant secondary compounds (PSC) with potential to enhance animal health through their antibiotic, antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties that are evident even at small dietary concentrations. In turn, ruminants can regulate their ingestion of PSC through behavioral mechanisms that allow for the efficient achievement of homeostasis. High concentrations of PSC lead to food avoidance, whereas lower content of PSC in the diet achieved through regulatory mechanisms of ingestion could promote medicinal and/or prophylactic effects in the animal and concomitant health benefits to milk and meat products. Under this context, we discuss the restructuring of rangelands …
The Future Of Clovers In Forage Systems And As Cover Crops, J. H. Bouton, John R. Caradus
The Future Of Clovers In Forage Systems And As Cover Crops, J. H. Bouton, John R. Caradus
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Clovers (Trifolium spp.) are the most widely used genera of legumes in forage systems, although only a limited number of the hundreds of perennial and annual species are commercially available. The number of varieties available within each of the main commercial species can be high and demonstrates past breeding achievements. Success relates to any clover’s ability to persist in mixtures with other forage species, across a range of soil types, management systems, and climates, while providing animal nutrition and biologically fixed nitrogen benefits. Uses range from traditional pasture mixtures with grasses to inclusion in multi-species mixtures, and as cover …
A Comparison Of Four Methods Of Botanical Analysis In Kentucky Cattle Pastures, Echo Elizabeth Gotsick, S. Ray Smith, Jimmy C. Henning, Christopher D. Teutsch
A Comparison Of Four Methods Of Botanical Analysis In Kentucky Cattle Pastures, Echo Elizabeth Gotsick, S. Ray Smith, Jimmy C. Henning, Christopher D. Teutsch
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Throughout the many decades of grassland and forage research, practitioners have used many different methods to assess botanical composition. While a few of these methods have proven to be accurate and efficient, there has been limited direct comparison between methods. The objective of this study was to determine an accurate and efficient method to determine botanical composition for researchers, practitioners, and students. Six farms with two pastures each were monitored across the state of Kentucky. Sampling started fall 2020 and continued through fall 2022 with measurements taken three times a year using the following measurement techniques: step point, visual estimation, …
Comparing Forage Biomass Estimation Between Forager-Mounted Near Infrared Spectroscopy (Nirs) And Rising Plate-Meter (Rpm) Techniques, Andy G. Jones, G. Irisarri, T. Takahashi, M. J. Rivero, P. Harris
Comparing Forage Biomass Estimation Between Forager-Mounted Near Infrared Spectroscopy (Nirs) And Rising Plate-Meter (Rpm) Techniques, Andy G. Jones, G. Irisarri, T. Takahashi, M. J. Rivero, P. Harris
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Quantifying the forage mass harvested per paddock is essential for informing late-season management decisions on grazing livestock farms. This information can be used to calculate winter feed budgets and thus support decisions such as area of land to defer for autumn grazing, and head of stock to sell before winter housing. However, there are practical limitations associated with existing measurement methods, which can influence the accuracy of forage biomass estimates. The purpose of the current study was therefore to compare biomass estimation from two alternative precision farming methods — near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) integrated within-spout of a self-propelled forage harvester, …
Conservation Reserve Program Hay Quality From Producer Submissions To A Commercial Laboratory In Central Nebraska, R. J. Kern-Lunbery
Conservation Reserve Program Hay Quality From Producer Submissions To A Commercial Laboratory In Central Nebraska, R. J. Kern-Lunbery
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) sets aside hectares to be permanent grassland and keeps those acres out of rotation for agricultural use. In drought conditions, these acres open to emergency haying and grazing. CRP hay is harvested at the end of the primary nesting season, mid to late summer, therefore this is a very mature product for stored forage. Many beef cow producers in the Midwest feed CRP hay in the last third of gestation until cattle can be turned out for spring grazing. Data was obtained from CRP hay samples to evaluate forage nutritive value and supplementation needs relative …