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Securitizing America: Strategic Incapacitation And The Policing Of Protest Since The 11 September 2001 Terrorist Attacks, Patrick F. Gillham
Securitizing America: Strategic Incapacitation And The Policing Of Protest Since The 11 September 2001 Terrorist Attacks, Patrick F. Gillham
Sociology
During the 1970s, the predominant strategy of protest policing shifted from “escalated force” and repression of protesters to one of “negotiated management” and mutual cooperation with protesters. Following the failures of negotiated management at the 1999 World Trade Organization (WTO) demonstrations in Seattle, law enforcement quickly developed a new social control strategy, referred to here as “strategic incapacitation.” The U.S. police response to the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks quickened the pace of police adoption of this new strategy, which emphasizes the goals of “securitizing society” and isolating or neutralizing the sources of potential disruption. These goals are accomplished through …
Global Norms, Local Activism, And Social Movement Outcomes: Global Human Rights And Resident Koreans In Japan, Kiyoteru Tsutsui, Hwaji Shin
Global Norms, Local Activism, And Social Movement Outcomes: Global Human Rights And Resident Koreans In Japan, Kiyoteru Tsutsui, Hwaji Shin
Sociology
The authors integrate social movement outcomes research and the world society approach to build a theoretical model to examine the impact of global and local factors on movement outcomes. Challenging the current research on policy change, which rarely examines the effects of global norms and local activism in one analysis, they argue (1) that global regimes empower and embolden local social movements and increase pressure on target governments from below, and (2) that local activists appeal to international forums with help from international activists to pressure the governments from above. When the pressures from the top and the bottom converge, …
(Re)Constructing Multiracial Blackness: Women's Activism, Difference And Collective Identity In Britain, Julia Sudbury
(Re)Constructing Multiracial Blackness: Women's Activism, Difference And Collective Identity In Britain, Julia Sudbury
Sociology
This article analyses the (re)construction of black identity as a multiracial signifier shared by African, Asian and Caribbean women in Britain, from the framework of recent social movement theory. The collective identity approach calls attention to naming as a strategic element of collective action, but has overlooked the experiences of black women at the intersection of multiple systems of oppression. A focus on the process of constructing black womanhood allows us to move beyond static and unidimensional notions of identity to question how and why gendered racialized boundaries are created and maintained. I argue that multiracial blackness should be viewed …