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Articles 1 - 21 of 21
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Authoritarian Parenting : A Race Socializing Protective Factor That Deters African American Adolescents From Delinquency And Violence, Frank S. Pezzella
Authoritarian Parenting : A Race Socializing Protective Factor That Deters African American Adolescents From Delinquency And Violence, Frank S. Pezzella
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
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Community-Level Crime Control : A Closer Look At The Mediating Variables Of Social Disorganization Theory, David Paul Armstrong
Community-Level Crime Control : A Closer Look At The Mediating Variables Of Social Disorganization Theory, David Paul Armstrong
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The present study focuses on the mediating factors of social disorganization theory. To be more specific, this study combines the insights from the classical social disorganization model, the systemic model of crime, and the more recent work of Sampson and colleagues on collective efficacy and Carr (2003) on the new parochialism to answer some of the lingering questions within the perspective. The three mediating factors examined are social ties, collective efficacy, and organizational activism, a concept derived from Carr's work on the new parochialism. The concept organizational activism refers to using local organizations with access to outside resources to indirectly …
Explaining The 2004 Exit Poll Error As A Product Of Response Bias And Not Fraud : A Comparison Of The "Spiral Of Silence" And "Political Ambivalence" Perspectives As Heurism For Analyzing The Causal Structure Of Differential Response In The Exit Polls, Tamas Bodor
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Leaked exit poll data on the 2004 Presidential election suggested that John Kerry was ahead in several key states and was winning the election. Yet the official vote tallies showed that George W. Bush easily secured his second term. The unprecedented degree of discrepancy between the exit poll estimates and the official tallies fuelled a fierce controversy. Since no particular methodological shortcomings had been identified, some advanced the "reluctant Bush respondent" hypothesis, arguing that the exit polls overstated the Kerry vote because Bush supporters were less willing to express their views by participating in the exit polls. Since no information …
Modern Day Mary Poppins : Uncovering The Work Of Nannies And The Expectations Of Employers, Laura Ann Bunyan
Modern Day Mary Poppins : Uncovering The Work Of Nannies And The Expectations Of Employers, Laura Ann Bunyan
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Throughout the past few decades the number of parents relying on child care has risen. Most research on parental use of child care focuses on relationships between employers and employees of differing racial-ethnic, social class, and educational status. This dissertation was designed to examine the experiences of those who perform nanny work, the process of selecting care, and understand the experiences of those who do not seek to maximize social space between employee and employer.
Radical Localism In The Network Society, Edward Russell Cole
Radical Localism In The Network Society, Edward Russell Cole
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This is an ethnographic study conducted upon third-party sociopolitical movements in American society. The research included participant observation in a Midwestern State Green Party, in addition to the Populist Party of America: a micro-party based in Los Angeles.
A Comparative Study Of Chinese And Mexican Immigrants' Economic Incorporation In The United States, Miao Chunyu
A Comparative Study Of Chinese And Mexican Immigrants' Economic Incorporation In The United States, Miao Chunyu
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation research is a comparative study of the economic incorporation of the unskilled Chinese and Mexican immigrants in the United States. This comparative approach is justified by the fact that these two groups share striking similarities in human capital, social networks, and immigrant flow patterns, whereas they also differ significantly in their migration cost, transnational practice, and reception in the U.S. labor market. This research investigates three specific aspects of their labor market experience: participation in self-employment, job transition, and earnings growth. Essentially I hope to find out whether these immigrants can achieve economic mobility over time and in …
More Than A Gender Issue : Integrating Race Into The Analysis Of Work-Family Balance Among Dual-Earner Couples, Jeanine Hanna
More Than A Gender Issue : Integrating Race Into The Analysis Of Work-Family Balance Among Dual-Earner Couples, Jeanine Hanna
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
With more white women entering the workforce now than in previous decades, finding a balance between competing work and family demands is an increasingly salient issue for families. Slowly the dual-earner model has been replacing the breadwinner/homemaker model. Some groups, black women in particular, have more experience navigating the choppy waters of work and family. Black middle-class women's entrance into the labor force in the late nineteenth century was not based on economic necessity, but the more liberal gender ideologies they espoused which viewed motherhood and employment as compatible. Differences in black and white employment patterns, the more equitable sharing …
Offender Routines And Awareness Space : Looking Beyond Space And Place To Predict The Spatial Clustering Of Crime, Gina Penly Hall
Offender Routines And Awareness Space : Looking Beyond Space And Place To Predict The Spatial Clustering Of Crime, Gina Penly Hall
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Research confirms what many people witness everyday--levels of crime are higher at and around some places compared to others. Explanations surrounding the spatial clustering of crime incidents, or hotspots, typically focus on characteristics of the criminal event and devote little attention to the role of the offender. Building from ideas set forth in routine activities and crime pattern theories, the first goal of this dissertation is to address this missing element. The presence of crime hotspots are estimated using geocoded crime incidents. The resulting maps, along with bivariate and multivariate analyses, examine offender-based explanations for the development of crime hotspots …
Prosecutorial Decision Making In The Face Of Changing Norms : An Exploratory Study Of Animal Cruelty Prosecution In New York, Andrea Lynne Kordzek
Prosecutorial Decision Making In The Face Of Changing Norms : An Exploratory Study Of Animal Cruelty Prosecution In New York, Andrea Lynne Kordzek
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Societal norms regarding the treatment of animals are evolving. This is reflected in part in nationwide changes in criminal justice policy regarding animal welfare. These changes, however, are not likely embraced by all nor do they necessarily result in changes in the practices of decision-makers in the criminal courts. Prosecutorial decision-making in animal cruelty cases may be especially varied due to evolving norms regarding the treatment of animals and conflicting views on the seriousness of the offense, along with the classification of animal cruelty as a relatively low level offense. Research to date has failed to examine how these cases …
Losing The Competition : A Multi-Level Analysis Of Over-Education In The United States, 1971-2006, China Layne
Losing The Competition : A Multi-Level Analysis Of Over-Education In The United States, 1971-2006, China Layne
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Since 1970, the U.S. labor market has seen a dramatic increase in the occurrence of over-education, where a worker has more education than what is common for their occupation. Although there has been considerable research on the subject, most study has focused on the consequences of over-qualification rather than the causes of or demographic differences in over-education. Additionally, little research on over-qualification has been conducted in the U.S. since 1990. This study extends the data and analysis on over-qualification beyond the 1980s and considers four previously unexamined questions. First, to what extent do workers' log odds of over-education depend on …
Victim Input And Satisfaction : An Analysis Of Victim Personal Statements, Jeanna Marie Mastrocinque
Victim Input And Satisfaction : An Analysis Of Victim Personal Statements, Jeanna Marie Mastrocinque
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Beginning in 2001, England and Wales implemented the Victim Personal Statement scheme, allowing victims to provide a statement to be included in their case file expressing the physical, emotional, and financial consequences of the incident and to state what information the victim wants as the case progresses through the system. The VPS was crafted with the specific expectation that victims would not use this resource as a sentencing tool, and that victims are informed of this stipulation when providing a statement.
Segregation And Social Control : An Agent Based Simulation, Stephen Matthew Pate
Segregation And Social Control : An Agent Based Simulation, Stephen Matthew Pate
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
There exists a considerable body of literature devoted to the evolution of segregated
The Future Of The Profession Of Nursing And The Doctorate Of Nursing Practice : Challenges And Opportunities For Advanced Practice Nurses In Academia, Health Care Advocacy And Independent Practice, Arlene M. Pericak
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
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Cognitive Appraisals, Stress And Emotion About Environmental Contamination In The Akwesasne Mohawk Nation, Christina A. Papadopoulos-Lane
Cognitive Appraisals, Stress And Emotion About Environmental Contamination In The Akwesasne Mohawk Nation, Christina A. Papadopoulos-Lane
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This study explored the long term impact of white collar environmental crime, i.e., illegal disposal of toxins by ALCOA and GM foundry, on Akwesasne Mohawk Territory. Specifically this study focused on whether toxic contamination was perceived by Akwesasne residents as a chronic stressor, and how residents appraised and coped with the long term consequences of contamination. Data were collected from retrospective interviews using a non random targeted snow ball method. Lazarus's theory of stress and emotion was used to analyze the responses of 47 residents of Akwesasne about environmental contamination. Respondents who were aware of the contamination appraised it as …
Individualized Intimacy? : The Negotiation Of Self And Other In Heterosexual Relationships, Daniel Santore
Individualized Intimacy? : The Negotiation Of Self And Other In Heterosexual Relationships, Daniel Santore
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Sociologists working in various scholarly traditions posit an individualization of contemporary romantic relationships occurring in Western societies over the passed several decades. This dissertation uses North American and European theoretical perspectives on "individualized intimacy" as the basis for a qualitative interview study of 45 women and men involved in heterosexual relationships. In keeping with the theoretical perspectives that ground the study, the interviews focus on how concepts of self-development, communication, gender and social class collide with one another in, and serve to shape, respondents' narratives of self and other in intimacy. Findings demonstrate that: (a) regarding gender, women and men …
Regionalization Of Selected Police Services Through A Law Enforcement Council : Is It Worth The Cost?, Julie Schnobrich-Davis
Regionalization Of Selected Police Services Through A Law Enforcement Council : Is It Worth The Cost?, Julie Schnobrich-Davis
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This research study presents results from an evaluation and cost effectiveness analysis of a regionalization of selected police services into a Law Enforcement Council approach, as practiced by the Metropolitan Law Enforcement Council (Metro-LEC). The Metro-LEC is a non-profit organization comprising forty three law enforcement agencies in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The results from wave two surveys administered to officers in the organization as well as a survey distributed to the Chief Executive Officers of the participating law enforcement agencies illustrate the overall effectiveness of the organization. Additionally, a cost effectiveness analysis presents data from the costs of operating regionalized …
Building Political Habitus : A Case Study Of Salvadorans' Political Experiences In The Washington, D.C. Metropolitan Area, Karen Ivette Tejada
Building Political Habitus : A Case Study Of Salvadorans' Political Experiences In The Washington, D.C. Metropolitan Area, Karen Ivette Tejada
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation research examines the ways in which Salvadorans in the metro D.C. area construct their political habitus. Political habitus is a conceptual tool that is defined as the disposition, thoughts, and actions that inhabit peoples' worldview, and in turn, influences the political choices they make. The notion of political habitus illuminates the political experiences of Salvadorans because it understands the processes that lead to how Salvadorans become political actors and builds on social and structural forces to explain its development. Based on a qualitative methodology, this project argues that historical, organizational, and social structural contexts matter in determining the …
El Coyote Made A Detour : An Analysis Of The Socioeconomic Incorporation Processes Of Hispanic Immigrants In New Destinations ; A Case Study Of Newburgh And Poughkeepsie, Ny, Jacqueline Villarrubia-Mendoza
El Coyote Made A Detour : An Analysis Of The Socioeconomic Incorporation Processes Of Hispanic Immigrants In New Destinations ; A Case Study Of Newburgh And Poughkeepsie, Ny, Jacqueline Villarrubia-Mendoza
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Beginning in the 1980's, Hispanic immigrants began to settle in regions that had, up till then, been largely undisturbed by present-day immigration. Increasingly, Hispanic immigrants are foregoing traditional gateways and settling in cities and states that have had little recent experience with post-1965 immigration. The emergence of these new destinations provides an opportunity to analyze processes of immigrant incorporation and assess in which ways these processes differ or are similar to those in traditional gateways. In this dissertation I examine the initial stages of the processes of incorporation for the Hispanic immigrant population in the cities of Newburgh and Poughkeepsie, …
Multiethnic Labor Markets And Socioeconomic Mobility : A Career Trajectory Perspective, Jeremy F. Pais
Multiethnic Labor Markets And Socioeconomic Mobility : A Career Trajectory Perspective, Jeremy F. Pais
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
In the United States, high rates of immigration have once again raised important questions concerning the effect of ethnic diversity on patterns of socioeconomic mobility and levels of inequality between racial and ethnic groups. However, despite the potential effect of immigration and ethnic diversity on racial and ethnic stratification within multiethnic societies, research has yet to provide an examination of the impact of these factors on patterns of social mobility over the life course. While prior research focuses extensively on metropolitan area characteristics related to contemporaneous race and ethnic labor market disparities, the primary contribution of this research is to …
Understanding Alcohol-Related Sexual Assaults: Characteristics And Consequences, Sarah E. Ullman, Cynthia J. Najdowski
Understanding Alcohol-Related Sexual Assaults: Characteristics And Consequences, Sarah E. Ullman, Cynthia J. Najdowski
Psychology Faculty Scholarship
Sexual assaults commonly involve alcohol use, but little is known about alcohol’s effects on many aspects of assaults and their aftermath. We investigated characteristics of victims, perpetrators, and assaults as a function of whether alcohol was involved in the assault, as well as differences in women’s post-assault experiences. Assaults prior to which only perpetrators were drinking differed not only from non-alcohol-related assaults, but also from those prior to which both perpetrators and victims were drinking. Understanding the effects of alcohol-related assaults is important for identifying victims who should be targeted for mental health and substance use interventions.
Alcohol-Related Help Seeking In Problem Drinking Women Sexual Assault Survivors, Sarah E. Ullman, Cynthia J. Najdowski
Alcohol-Related Help Seeking In Problem Drinking Women Sexual Assault Survivors, Sarah E. Ullman, Cynthia J. Najdowski
Psychology Faculty Scholarship
Correlates of alcohol-related help seeking were studied in women sexual assault survivors who were current problem drinkers (N = 526) in a large metropolitan area in 2002-2003. Volunteer participants completed several valid and reliable instruments, which assessed alcohol use and misuse and related help seeking (i.e., the TWEAK, GFM, and MAST). Data were analyzed using logistic regression models. Results suggest that correlates of women survivors’ alcohol-related help seeking vary depending on the specific source. Limitations and implications are noted and recommendations for future research are made. This study was funded by the National Institutes on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism.