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Parent Entrance And Adolescent Outcomes Using Longitudinal Family Structure Data, Matthew Usevitch, Mikaela Dufur
Parent Entrance And Adolescent Outcomes Using Longitudinal Family Structure Data, Matthew Usevitch, Mikaela Dufur
Journal of Undergraduate Research
The effects that a parent entrance, such as the marriage of a single parent, has on child outcomes are currently not well documented. Since literature suggests that children living in single-parent families tend to have worse educational outcomes on average than children living in married-parent families, a logical hypothesis would be that a parent entrance would benefit children. Data from previous studies do not provide solid support for this hypothesis. Part of the reason for the variety of findings may be that there are opposing variables affecting children who experience this transition. An additional parent typically brings more economic resources …
Uncovering Reasons Behind Attrition: A Micronutrient Program Evaluation For A Global Nonprofit, Elizabeth Pulsipher, Savannah Henshaw, Dr. Scott Sanders
Uncovering Reasons Behind Attrition: A Micronutrient Program Evaluation For A Global Nonprofit, Elizabeth Pulsipher, Savannah Henshaw, Dr. Scott Sanders
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Last summer, we conducted quantitative and qualitative research for an in-depth analysis of the attrition occurring in the Liahona Children’s Foundation’s program—a program attempting to alleviate child malnutrition in sixteen countries. Our findings draw upon five sources: 1) individual interviews we conducted with a randomized sample of Liahona Children’s Foundation program participants, 2) focus groups we led with all program coordinators in the Philippines, 3) our individual interviews with all program coordinators in the Urdaneta region, 4) a survey of program participants at the screenings, and 5) observations from program screenings and distributions. Upon returning home and receiving the ORCA …
Child Malnutrition In The Philippines: Using Experimental Design To Understand Nutritional Supplement Adoption, Marissa Miller, Dr. Scott Sanders
Child Malnutrition In The Philippines: Using Experimental Design To Understand Nutritional Supplement Adoption, Marissa Miller, Dr. Scott Sanders
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Liahona Children’s Foundation (LCF) is a faith-based community organization that seeks to “nurture the potential of children to lead healthy and productive lives by eliminating malnutrition and providing educational opportunities among LDS (Latter-day Saint) children and their friends”. They do this by providing health initiatives include growth monitoring and nutritional supplementation. They are piloting the use health education lessons. In this field study, I evaluated the LCF program and initiated a randomized control trial to test the effectiveness of the health education lessons. The purpose of the project is to assess the effects of nutritional supplementation and basic nutritional education …
Psychological Effects Of Parental Divorce In Adulthood, Alexander Wambach, Dr. Kevin Shafer
Psychological Effects Of Parental Divorce In Adulthood, Alexander Wambach, Dr. Kevin Shafer
Journal of Undergraduate Research
The United States has experienced a greying of divorce over the last 25 years. During this period, the divorce rate among couples aged 50 and older doubled, and almost 25 percent of divorces that took place in 2010 involved someone 50 years of age or older (Brown and Lin 2013). Many of these older divorcing couples are likely to have children who are already adults at the time the divorce takes place. Qualitative evidence indicates the adult children of late-life divorce are negatively impacted in some way (Greenwood 2012). I hypothesized that adults who have a parent that is recently …
National Identity After Brexit, Samantha Heley, Renata Forste
National Identity After Brexit, Samantha Heley, Renata Forste
Journal of Undergraduate Research
In June of 2016 the United Kingdom voted in a referendum to leave the European Union. Known as ‘Brexit’ the majority decision was for the UK to leave with 52% of the vote. The Brexit vote was fueled in part by anti-immigration and racist propaganda that promoted a national identity centered on being “English” rather than “British.” With the decision to leave the European Union, the United Kingdom must now act carefully to not upset its economy, while grappling with the issue of immigration. The direction that the UK takes is tied to views of national identity (Rothì, Lyons & …
Expanding Influence Of Carepartner Program At Byu, Angela Gulisane, Todd Manwaring
Expanding Influence Of Carepartner Program At Byu, Angela Gulisane, Todd Manwaring
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Our project found a sustainable way to provide “care for the caregivers” and reduce the need for institutional care by temporarily relieving caregivers from their duties. Originally, our plan was to use TimeBanking principles to create a pilot program that relieved caregivers of their duties by giving respite to the caregivers in the form of student volunteers. Before beginning to create our program, we performed an initial needs assessment. As part of this assessment, we learned of the CarePartner program both from CarePartner’s website and one of Shannon’s (student who worked on the program for a semester) friends. Initially, we …
Domestic Violence And Women’S Empowerment In Nepal, Zhicheng Han, Renata Forste
Domestic Violence And Women’S Empowerment In Nepal, Zhicheng Han, Renata Forste
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Based on a nationally representative sample of women in Nepal aged 15 to 49, this study examines the association between domestic violence and women’s empowerment at both the individual and community level. In a sample of 3,349 ever married woman in Nepal, I use logistic regression to estimate the models. I find that female autonomy and residence in the Terai region are associated with higher odds of experiencing domestic violence. In addition, interactions indicate that female autonomy lowers the odds of domestic violence across ecological regions, religion, ethnicity and residency.
Marital Homogamy, Maternal Empowerment, And Child Health In Ghana, Meagan Rainock, Renata Forste
Marital Homogamy, Maternal Empowerment, And Child Health In Ghana, Meagan Rainock, Renata Forste
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Current research shows that marital homogamy, where spouses are similar in attributes, increases gender equality in marriage. Greater age and education homogamy within marriage is associated with greater gender equality between husbands and wives (Pyke & Adams). When women have equal status and are more empowered in the home, they are more able to invest in the health and development of their children. As women control earnings or home finances, funds are allocated for the health and nutrition of their children, rather than alcohol and status consumer goods (Hoddinott & Haddad, 1995). This is crucial as the nutrition and health …
Disconnected Decisions Understanding School Decision Factors Within Low-Ses Families, Daniela Barriga, Kristie Rowley
Disconnected Decisions Understanding School Decision Factors Within Low-Ses Families, Daniela Barriga, Kristie Rowley
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Parents constantly make decisions in regard to their children’s education, whether it be decisions about enrolling their children in the local public school or private school or even where to live based on school zoning areas. Alternative school options such as charter and magnet schools are becoming popular options for parents who are looking to send their children to a different school that is not in their assigned geographical boundary. How parents make these decisions are not always understood, especially when it comes to understanding parents who face economic and social disadvantages. Even though school choice policies have been implemented …
Effects Of Family Structure And Transitions On Adolescent Stress In Korea, Amanda Ferguson, Mikaela Durfur
Effects Of Family Structure And Transitions On Adolescent Stress In Korea, Amanda Ferguson, Mikaela Durfur
Journal of Undergraduate Research
A wide scope of research has been done on family structures in the United States and Western culture. Research has moved from studying divorce extensively to researching cohabitation, just as extensively (Kennedy and Fitch, 2012). Korea, due to their strong cultural focus on traditional families, is only recently beginning to change to become more similar to the family structure trends of the Western world (Park and Raymo, 2013; Park, Choi and Jo, 2015). A good deal of the research on Korean families focuses on the effect of the family structure on education (Kim and Byun 2013). Very little on nontraditional …
Byu Stamp Scavenger Hunt, Mandy Elsmore, Gary Barton
Byu Stamp Scavenger Hunt, Mandy Elsmore, Gary Barton
Journal of Undergraduate Research
The goal of this project was to provide an informative and unifying activity for BYU students through an art installation and exhibition. It was inspired by Japanese Eki (Train) Station stamps, which promotes tourism throughout all of Japan, to popular and unknown areas, due to people interest in collecting ink stamps placed at each station. I thought creating a stamp scavenger hunt throughout BYU campus would help students to get to know campus better and the different departments within them. Speaking from my own personal experience, it was not until this project that I really got to know BYU campus. …
Eggs Or Entertainment? The Relationship Between Self Reliance And Nutrition In Malawi, Anne Barton, Tim Heaton
Eggs Or Entertainment? The Relationship Between Self Reliance And Nutrition In Malawi, Anne Barton, Tim Heaton
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Malawi has the eighth smallest GDP per capita out of all the countries in the world (CIA World Factbook 2014). The large majority of Malawians rely on subsistence farming to survive in the midst of poor circumstances. The School of Agriculture for Family Independence (SAFI) equips these subsistence farmers with the necessary skills to become self reliant. Self reliance is the idea that families can support an independent lifestyle in the long term, even during unforeseen circumstances. Through training on various subjects, farmers learn the necessary skills to reach this ultimate goal. This research focused on evaluating the success of …
Domestic Violence And Marital Homogamy, Carly Landgrave, Renata Forste
Domestic Violence And Marital Homogamy, Carly Landgrave, Renata Forste
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Introduction: Domestic violence is one of the most pressing global human rights issues of the 21st century. It is estimated that roughly half of the women killed globally in 2012 were killed by intimate partners or family members (U.N. Facts and Figures, 2012). In 2014, three in ten women in Egypt reported that they had experienced domestic violence during their lifetime and almost onefifth reported that they were the target of an episode of spousal violence in the past twelve months. More than one third of these women experiencing spousal physical or sexual violence were injured as a result …
Family Structures In Japan And Korea: How Are Children Affected?, Jennifer Burdge, Kristie Rowley
Family Structures In Japan And Korea: How Are Children Affected?, Jennifer Burdge, Kristie Rowley
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Recently, Japan and Korea have experienced increased strain in their society. In Japan, citizens ranging from ages 55 to 64 years make up 38.3 percent of the population, and those 65 years and over account for 24.8 percent of the population. This means those that are 55 years old or more make up over 52 percent of the entire population (“East & Southeast,” 2013). Due to the aging population, and declining birth rates, there is much pressure put upon adults, young adults, and youth. This pressure has dramatically changed marriage and divorce rates, education attainment, and employment, which all impact …
Constructing An Impact Assessment Of Teens Act, A Program Serving Low-¬Income, Minority Students At Risk For Dropping Out, Carol Ward
Journal of Undergraduate Research
The MEG evaluation project began with development of an approach appropriate for the assessment of short-‐term and long-‐term impacts of the program. Thus, the project included planning and development of process assessment activities and assessment of program outcomes and impact. Evaluation planning also included development of a sampling plan for construction of the treatment and control groups needed for this evaluation design.
Polynesian Parents’ School Attitudes And Choices About Young Children’S Schooling, Mikaela Dufur, Curtis Child, Kristie Phillips, Carol Ward
Polynesian Parents’ School Attitudes And Choices About Young Children’S Schooling, Mikaela Dufur, Curtis Child, Kristie Phillips, Carol Ward
Journal of Undergraduate Research
This research expands the literature on school choice to take into account the impact of minority status and culture on parental schooling decisions. The purpose of this exploratory study is to identify the range of beliefs, experiences and expectations that inform Polynesian parents’ choice of school for enrolling their elementary-aged children. This case study is unique in terms of providing insights into the experiences and attitudes toward schooling among a group of minority parents about whom little is known. This population is of interest because of a bifurcated distribution of educational attainment, with large portions of the community facing educational …
The Effects Of Family Structure Stability And Transitions On Young Children’S Sleep: Evidence From The Millennium Cohort Study, Shanea Foster, Mikaela Dufur
The Effects Of Family Structure Stability And Transitions On Young Children’S Sleep: Evidence From The Millennium Cohort Study, Shanea Foster, Mikaela Dufur
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Over the years, family structure has become a topic of great interest in the social science community, particularly as it pertains to family structure type (i.e. biological parents, cohabiting, stepparents, etc.) (Dufur et al., 2010). More recently, family stability has come under scrutiny. Family structure has the potential to change over time, whether it be experiencing a disruption (going from married parents to single) or reconstitution (going from single parent to married or having a partner). We find interest in family structure changes over time as it pertains to its potential effects on their children’s sleeping behavior (Wong, Brower & …
How Much Do Skills Developed Before School Matter? An Intra-Generational, Non-Linear Approach To Understanding Extreme Achievement, Ian Peacock, Dr. Benjamin Gibbs
How Much Do Skills Developed Before School Matter? An Intra-Generational, Non-Linear Approach To Understanding Extreme Achievement, Ian Peacock, Dr. Benjamin Gibbs
Journal of Undergraduate Research
The hierarchical ranking of children in schools based on cognitive skills has important implications for understanding processes of social stratification. Scholars have noted that differences in cognitive skills in the school context can reach well beyond school, influencing later occupational and economic outcomes (Kerckhoff, Haney, and Glennie 2001). Despite a large scholarship investigating cognitive skills and their link to subsequent outcomes, there is little consensus as to what extent skills developed before school entry influence future achievement and outcomes. Some scholars argue that differences at school entry are magnified over time and that advantages of children who enter school with …
Assimilation Vs. Multiculturalism: An Analysis Of French Attitudes Towards Immigration, Caleb Porter, Renata Forste
Assimilation Vs. Multiculturalism: An Analysis Of French Attitudes Towards Immigration, Caleb Porter, Renata Forste
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Through the use of the 2008 European Values study Dr. Forste and I initially examined factors associated with France’s nationalistic and assimilative tendencies by modeling how religiosity, education levels, and socioeconomic status predict French attitudes towards immigration. Our results showed that religiosity and spirituality played a dynamic and intriguing role in immigration attitudes. As a result of these findings I first attended and presented a poster at the Mary Lou Fulton conference here at Brigham Young. Our research in France has lead to an expansion of our initial findings and we have since gone on to further examine the effects …
Disparities In Mortgage Lending And Foreclosure Among Latinos: Investigating The Effects Of Loan Officer Ethnicity In Orlando, Florida, Conrad Ashby, Jacob S. Rugh
Disparities In Mortgage Lending And Foreclosure Among Latinos: Investigating The Effects Of Loan Officer Ethnicity In Orlando, Florida, Conrad Ashby, Jacob S. Rugh
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Disparities in mortgage lending have become a hot topic for debate in this century. Research has shown that among native-born households, non-white households are more likely than white households to experience foreclosure for both home purchase and refinance loans (Allen, 2011). Questions of how much the government should intervene in the housing-finance arena lead the debate, and it has been claimed that many problems may be solved through housing-finance intervention, such as 1) wealth inequality and poverty, 2) informational externalities, 3) banker and loan officer bigotry, and 4) racial discrimination (Calomiris, Kahn, Longhofer, 1994). The latter issue is an especially …
Analysis Of The Salary Gap In The Library Workforce, Sean Miner, Quinn Galbraith
Analysis Of The Salary Gap In The Library Workforce, Sean Miner, Quinn Galbraith
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Since 1980, the Associate of Research Libraries (ARL) has annually published a comprehensive salary survey that provides useful information on librarian salaries, separating them by institution, personal characteristics, and other factors. At the beginning of each of the surveys, ARL has documented many trends occurring in the United States and Canadian research libraries. Concerning the trend of the gender salary gap, ARL mentions the following:
Analysis Of The Salary Gap In The Library Workforce, Sean Miner, Quinn Galbraith
Analysis Of The Salary Gap In The Library Workforce, Sean Miner, Quinn Galbraith
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Since 1980, the Associate of Research Libraries (ARL) has annually published a comprehensive salary survey that provides useful information on librarian salaries, separating them by institution, personal characteristics, and other factors. At the beginning of each of the surveys, ARL has documented many trends occurring in the United States and Canadian research libraries. Concerning the trend of the gender salary gap, ARL mentions the following:
Race Differences In Perceptions Of School Safety: A Comparison Of Hispanics & Whites, Paul Andrew Bauman, Child Curtis
Race Differences In Perceptions Of School Safety: A Comparison Of Hispanics & Whites, Paul Andrew Bauman, Child Curtis
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Scholars are interested in how parents think about schools. Yet so far they give only limited attention to the role that race plays in shaping parents’ views. Our research addresses this shortcoming by focusing on two race groups – whites and Hispanics – in order to determine how they think about one specific aspect of school: safety. According to Census data, whites and Hispanics are the two largest racial/ethnic groups in the United States. As such, they have become populations of interest for many researchers. The limited attention that has been given to race has been mostly quantitative in nature. …
Poor And Latino: Does Race/Ethnicity Matter In Parents’ Conceptualizations Of Good Schools?, Daniela Barriga, Mikaela Dufur
Poor And Latino: Does Race/Ethnicity Matter In Parents’ Conceptualizations Of Good Schools?, Daniela Barriga, Mikaela Dufur
Journal of Undergraduate Research
To determine whether race/ethnicity and social class have similar effects on conceptualizations of school quality, we conducted qualitative interviews of families from distinct, selfidentified racial/ethnic and lowSES backgrounds (Hispanic/Latino, Caucasian, and Polynesian backgrounds, the latter a group often overlooked by the literature (Fullmer, Elmore and Orfield 1996) a bout their views and attitudes regarding choices related to their children’s education. Considering that lowSES families behave differently and operate in a different set of barriers than highSES families (Stevens, Torre & Johnson 2011), limiting our sample this way accounts for class background issues, which then allows us to analyze the remaining …
Relational Aggression Across Cultures And Continents, Landon Hale, David Nelson
Relational Aggression Across Cultures And Continents, Landon Hale, David Nelson
Journal of Undergraduate Research
“Relational aggression” defines a spectrum of behaviors in which the goal is to manipulate or harm relationships. Common behaviors include gossip, rumors, social exclusion, and threatening to end a relationship. Until relational aggression became a focus of study, males were considered to be aggressive whereas females were generally considered nonaggressive. In particular, aggression research, particularly in child psychology, was predominantly focused on physical forms of aggression, which tend to be the domain of males. In contrast, females are just as likely or more likely (depending on age) to engage in relational aggression toward others. We wanted to find out if …
“My Head Hurts, My Stomach Aches”: Physical And Social Factors Associated With Early Adolescent Health, Benjamin Fife, Renata Forste
“My Head Hurts, My Stomach Aches”: Physical And Social Factors Associated With Early Adolescent Health, Benjamin Fife, Renata Forste
Journal of Undergraduate Research
The purpose of this study was to examine the association between physical and social factors and the frequency of headaches and stomachaches among school-aged children in the US. In particular, I looked at how both physical and psychosocial factors influence health outcomes in order to identify ways to decrease health risks among early adolescents.
Reciprocal Relationships Associated With School & Residential Diversity: A New Test Of Perpetuation Theory, Shelby Mcneill, Dr. Kristie J.R. Phillips
Reciprocal Relationships Associated With School & Residential Diversity: A New Test Of Perpetuation Theory, Shelby Mcneill, Dr. Kristie J.R. Phillips
Journal of Undergraduate Research
In 1954—ten years before the Civil Rights Act was passed—the Supreme Court ruled on the landmark Brown v. Board of Education case. In their ruling, the Court held that state-imposed racial segregation created “inherently unequal” schools that were unconstitutional. Thus, public schools became the first institutions to be held accountable for overturning Jim Crow segregation practices and shepherding in a new era of race relations. In addition to promoting equitable access to quality schools, Brown was also intended to “alter the attitudes and socialization of all children—beginning at the youngest ages” (Johnson 2011:38) and increase interracial contact (Clotfelter 2004). Moreover, …
Pornography Use And Dating Patterns Among Young Adults, Bonnie Young, Brian Willoughby
Pornography Use And Dating Patterns Among Young Adults, Bonnie Young, Brian Willoughby
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Pornography use is known to be disruptive in relationships by creating unrealistic expectations for intimacy and partner image (Daneback, Træen, &Mansson, 2009; Yucel & Gassanov, 2009). This is significant because as emerging adults are searching for potential marriage partners, dating practices may be negatively influenced by attitudes and practices rooted in pornography exposure. By understanding the relationships between dating and pornography viewing behaviors, we will be able to understand the best way to help individuals struggling to date because of pornography related behaviors and more generally how pornography is generally influencing the dating culture among young adults. This will lead …
The Marital Paradigm Study: Wave 2, Brian J. Willoughby, Spencer L. James
The Marital Paradigm Study: Wave 2, Brian J. Willoughby, Spencer L. James
Journal of Undergraduate Research
This project had mentored goals related to student involvement with conducting a research project and collecting data, student independent research projects with data, and general student learning. Below we outline these goals and discuss how each goals was met.
Stepfamily Experiences Project (Step), Kevin Shafer, Erin K. Holmes
Stepfamily Experiences Project (Step), Kevin Shafer, Erin K. Holmes
Journal of Undergraduate Research
The Stepfamily Experience Project (STEP) is a data set made up of approximately 1,500 emerging adults (aged 18-29) that was collected in 2013. STEP was motivated by a research literature which argues that stepfamilies are worse off than two-biological parent families (sometimes called biologically-intact families). While, on average, this may be true, STEP researchers thought that this research ignored what makes a successful stepfamily. This is unfortunate, because stepfamilies are of immense worth which can positively impact men, women, and children. As a result, we collected data, with the support of BYU and generous donors, to find out exactly what …