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Three Essays In Health Economics, Sai Sindhura Gundavarapu
Three Essays In Health Economics, Sai Sindhura Gundavarapu
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This thesis explores factors that influence various healthcare professions, and their practice behaviors. The first chapter focuses on the impacts of occupational regulation of optometrists. The second and third chapters examine the role of education and practice environment on the prescribing behavior of specialist physicians.
Factors Influencing Psychotherapy Completion In Children Exposed To Adverse Childhood Experiences, Cheryl Kayleen Best
Factors Influencing Psychotherapy Completion In Children Exposed To Adverse Childhood Experiences, Cheryl Kayleen Best
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Child maltreatment and childhood adversity are associated with a broad range of poor mental and physical health outcomes throughout the lifespan. The consequences of childhood adversity have led psychologists in efforts to identify the most effective therapeutic approaches and interventions with which to address the negative effects of childhood trauma. Even as a number of efficacious treatments have been established as best practices for treating childhood trauma, barriers exist in community mental health settings that oftentimes prevent full implementation of these interventions and practices. A growing body of research has focused on better understanding the high rates of attrition from …
Organ Donation And Religion: An Annotated Bibliography, Rukhsana Ahmed, Zeba Tasci
Organ Donation And Religion: An Annotated Bibliography, Rukhsana Ahmed, Zeba Tasci
Communication Faculty Scholarship
This brief annotated bibliography presents a synopsis of select literature on the topic ‘Organ Donation and Religion’ published between 1993 and 2017. The purpose is to review existing research from authoritative sources and to determine the beliefs of the general public versus those of religious experts on the topic. Searched databases include Scholars Portal, PubMed, Google Scholar, and the University of Ottawa Library databases on the ProQuest platform. Although there are several studies which discuss in broad terms the influence of religion on the beliefs and attitudes toward organ donation, few studies explore the beliefs and practices of Muslims in …
Substance Abuse Policies, Prescribing Behaviors, And Health Outcomes, Huy Do Dang
Substance Abuse Policies, Prescribing Behaviors, And Health Outcomes, Huy Do Dang
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Opium and less potent substances such as tobacco and marijuana were found thousands of years ago and used not only to relieve pain and stress but also to entertain human minds. However, there are also side effects of using these, especially to the extent of abusing them. The side effects in this issue are unavoidable so that eliminate them through public health policies is needed. There are several public policies governing the impact of opioids and marijuana in recent years, mainly the Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs (PDMP) and the Legalization of Marijuana. These policies have been in place for about …
Three Essays On Health Economics, Jihye Kim
Three Essays On Health Economics, Jihye Kim
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This thesis focuses on various factors affecting health of American adults and the elderly based on the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). In chapter 1, I examine the role of educational and racial differences in life expectancy (LE) and health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE) for Americans at ages 45-64 using Health and Retirement Study (HRS) during 2000-2016. I compute severity-weighted prevalence of diseases with comorbidity adjustments based on the Global Burden of Disease (2015), and map onto the information on 17 doctor-diagnosed diseases and four self-rated disabling health conditions from HRS. This approach allows us to evaluate the importance of major …
Trends In State Medicaid Programs' Eligibility, Enrollment Rules And Benefits, Ashley Fox, Wenhui Feng, Jennifer Zeitlin, Elizabeth Howell
Trends In State Medicaid Programs' Eligibility, Enrollment Rules And Benefits, Ashley Fox, Wenhui Feng, Jennifer Zeitlin, Elizabeth Howell
Public Administration and Policy Faculty Scholarship
Recent literature has focused on the impact of the differential state adoption of the Affordable Care Act's Medicaid expansion. This DataWatch article highlights additional Medicaid policy dimensions where state-level trends in generosity have varied, including eligibility, benefits, and administrative burden, both before and after implementation of the Affordable Care Act.
Does Common-Sense Communication And The Interpersonal Relationship Predict Oral Health Self-Management?, Kieran J. Maestro
Does Common-Sense Communication And The Interpersonal Relationship Predict Oral Health Self-Management?, Kieran J. Maestro
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This study sought to understand how patients’ perceptions of the nature and manner of communication with dental health professionals may impact their health self-management quality and habits in the context of preventable illness. Specifically, this study investigated the distinct and overlapping impacts of (a) communication based in the Common Sense Self-Regulation Model (CSM; Leventhal et al., 1980), and (b) the interpersonal relationship between the patient and the dental health professional provider on patients’ oral hygiene quality and habits. It was hypothesized that the interpersonal relationship would positively moderate a positive relation between CSM-based communication and patients' oral health self-management and …
Essays On The Effects Of Public Health Insurance Policies On Health Care Utilization, Expenditure, And Well-Being, Tu Thi Cam Nguyen
Essays On The Effects Of Public Health Insurance Policies On Health Care Utilization, Expenditure, And Well-Being, Tu Thi Cam Nguyen
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation consists of essays on the causal impact of public health insurance policies in the United States. Three chapters investigate how Medicare program, Medicare Prescription coverage program, and the Affordable Care Act Medicaid expansion impact on health-related outcomes, health care expenditure, and food wellbeing.
Does Testing Enhance Mediation In Paired-Associate Learning?, Deana Vitrano
Does Testing Enhance Mediation In Paired-Associate Learning?, Deana Vitrano
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The testing effect (TE) is the robust finding that testing on previously studied material leads to better long-term retention as compared to restudying that material (Roediger & Karpicke, 2006b). Pyc and Rawson (2010) proposed the Mediator Effectiveness Hypothesis (MEH) as an explanation for the TE in paired-associate learning, The MEH states that review testing on cue-target word pairs strengthens semantic/associative mediators, which helps participants recall targets to their cues on a later test. Pyc and Rawson found support for the MEH with Swahili-English word pairs and explicit mediation instructions, using the most rigorous test of the MEH. Other researchers have …
The Influence Of Ethnic Identity Commitment, Discrimination, And Sexism On Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Latina College Students, Melissa M. Ertl
The Influence Of Ethnic Identity Commitment, Discrimination, And Sexism On Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Latina College Students, Melissa M. Ertl
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
According to intersectionality theory, exposure to experiences of oppression predispose individuals from disadvantaged groups to experience disparities in health. Such disparities are evident in the sexual health outcomes among college student-age Latina women living in the US, who tend to report significantly worse sexual health outcomes than their peers. Guided by intersectionality frameworks, the present study examined Latina college students’ sexual risk behaviors in relation to ethnic identity and experiences of discrimination and sexism. Commitment to ethnic identity was expected to negatively relate with sexual risk, and experiences of discrimination and sexism were hypothesized to moderate the association between commitment …
Making Good : World War I, Disability, And The Senses In American Rehabilitation, Evan Patrick Sullivan
Making Good : World War I, Disability, And The Senses In American Rehabilitation, Evan Patrick Sullivan
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This study looks at how disabled American soldier-patients and the US Army used the senses as tools of rehabilitation after the Great War. Contemporaries argued that, when the hundreds of thousands of American soldiers came home wounded or sick after the Great War, the men needed to make good. The phrase “making good” meant that sacrifice in the war was not enough, and veterans had to become socially and economically independent, and return to heterosexual relationships. In an effort to return to normalcy, the US Army relied on rehabilitation, which aimed to medically and socially re-integrate the men into society.
Catching Killers With Consumer Genetic Information, Angela Hackstadt
Catching Killers With Consumer Genetic Information, Angela Hackstadt
University Libraries Faculty Scholarship
In April 2018, Joseph James D'Angelo was arrested as a suspect in the Golden State Killer case. DNA evidence collected at a 1980 crime scene finally shed light on the murderer's identity in early 2018 when investigators turned to GEDMatch, a service that allows users to upload and share DNA data obtained from consumer genetic tests. Consumer genetic testing, DNA collection, and familial DNA searching all raise ethical and privacy concerns. If investigators are using genetic genealogy to solve cold cases, where does that leave consumers?
Resiliency In Cranial Bones In Relation To Age And Trauma, Jada Dubose
Resiliency In Cranial Bones In Relation To Age And Trauma, Jada Dubose
CURCE Annual Undergraduate Conference
The development of bone, nonetheless the skull, may be a major line of defense in relation to traumas they may face. As individuals get older, their bone density decreases for a number of mechanical and hormonal reasons, weakening the bone and increasing fragility. This decreased bone mass density, along with its increased risk of fragility, often lead to a higher likelihood of fractures and severe traumatic injuries; this combination of factors is a lot greater than in younger individuals. This study will evaluate skulls thickness, cross referenced by age and sex, will determine resiliency in terms of the biological structure …
Social Connectedness And Eating Disorder Symptomatology, Nicole Nunez
Social Connectedness And Eating Disorder Symptomatology, Nicole Nunez
Psychology
Eating disorders are a well-known and well-documented issue with known deleterious effects on one’s health. Because of this fact, it is important to identify protective factors against the development and/or maintenance of eating disorders. Social support has been identified as a factor that can play a role in recovery from eating disorders. While the importance of social support has been broadly examined in research, social connectedness specifically has been explored less explicitly. Social connectedness involves feelings of belonging, identification with others, and healthy social interaction. This study sought to assess the role of social connectedness in eating disorder symptomatology. We …
Bayesian Analysis In Adult Skeletal Age-At-Death Estimation, With Additional Consideration Of Pathological Variables, Jessica L. Campbell
Bayesian Analysis In Adult Skeletal Age-At-Death Estimation, With Additional Consideration Of Pathological Variables, Jessica L. Campbell
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
A common task bioarchaeologists face is to estimate age-at-death in populations that have no corresponding documentation. This poses many challenges, the first of which is that age-at-death is highly variable within and among populations and can be further confounded by genetic and environmental influences, as well as other components of the biological profile. Estimating age-at-death in a historic sample can be even more challenging due to missing age indicators or taphonomic changes that obscure the features. Bayesian Analysis offers the potential to mitigate these challenges and to estimate age-at-death with lower degrees of uncertainty and higher probabilities of increased accuracy …
Examining The Influence Of Technology Affordances Of Fitness Trackers And Health Psychographic Factors On Physical Activity, Xin Zhou
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Fitness trackers have immense potential to improve individuals’ health behaviors and health outcomes. Studies in disciplines such as public health, communication technology and information systems, have examined factors that can predict use of fitness trackers and their influence on health-related behaviors. However, not much is known about (1) which element(s) of fitness trackers affect individuals’ health behaviors, and (2) the psychological mechanism that guides the relationships between individuals’ health-related beliefs and use of fitness trackers on physical activity behaviors. Guided by the Motivational Technology Model (MTM) and Self-Determination Theory (SDT), this dissertation examined the influence of technology affordances (i.e., customization, …
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How Single-Payer Stacks Up: Evaluating Different Models Of Universal Health Coverage On Cost, Access And Quality,, Ashley Fox, Roland Poirier
How Single-Payer Stacks Up: Evaluating Different Models Of Universal Health Coverage On Cost, Access And Quality,, Ashley Fox, Roland Poirier
Public Administration and Policy Faculty Scholarship
Described as “universal prepayment,” the national health insurance (or single-payer) model of universal health coverage is increasingly promoted by international actors as a means of raising revenue for health care and improving social risk protection in low- and middle-income countries. Likewise, in the United States, the recent failed efforts to repeal and replace the Affordable Care Act have renewed debate about where to go next with health reform and arguably opened the door for a singlepayer, Medicare-for-All plan, an alternative once considered politically infeasible. Policy debates about single-payer or national health insurance in the United States and abroad have relied …
Psychological Reactance Theory And Marijuana Craving, Melissa Nicole Slavin
Psychological Reactance Theory And Marijuana Craving, Melissa Nicole Slavin
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Psychological Reactance Theory (Brehm, 1966) asserts that people experience reactance (a retaliatory motivational state characterized by negative affect and resistant attitudes) when they perceive their autonomy is threatened. Reactance may lead to “boomerang effects”, where the individual is drawn toward the restricted object or behavior. Anti-marijuana (MJ) messages designed to discourage use might heighten reactance and inadvertently lead to greater craving for MJ and stronger intentions to use. The current online experiment determined that a message discouraging use of MJ evoked greater reactance in student and community member participants than a harm-reduction message. Additionally, reactance was associated with participants’ indirect …
Changes In Body Fatness Among Mohawk Youth From 1979 To 1996-2000, Danielle Maria Garry
Changes In Body Fatness Among Mohawk Youth From 1979 To 1996-2000, Danielle Maria Garry
Anthropology
The research question is: Have the Mohawk people been affected by the obesity epidemic that has occurred in this country and globally? My research compares the data on height, weight, and skinfold thicknesses collected from 1979 by Dr. Susan Pfeiffer from Native American youth (10 to 15 years of age) of the Akwesasne tribe, located at St. Regis, with similar data collected by Gallo and Schell, from 1996-2000. I performed t-tests to compare the same measurements from the two studies. There is a significant difference in weight, triceps skinfolds, and subscapular skinfolds in all male age groups except for age …
Factors Associated With Successful Completion Of A Transitional Living Program For Homeless And Former Foster Youth, Megan Brophy-Mclean
Factors Associated With Successful Completion Of A Transitional Living Program For Homeless And Former Foster Youth, Megan Brophy-Mclean
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Transitional and Independent Living programs exist to help prepare homeless, at-risk and foster youth to live independently in the community as adults at an age earlier than expected from more privileged youth. The challenges they face often result in poor outcomes such as ongoing homelessness, substance abuse problems, low levels of education, and high levels of unemployment. Because the stakes are so high for these youth, it is imperative that the programs designed to help them are able to meet their needs by having them remain in the program until they are competent to live independently. This study attempts to …
Inequality In Access To Dental And Vision Care : Examining The Role Of Income And Insurance, Wahida Ferdousi
Inequality In Access To Dental And Vision Care : Examining The Role Of Income And Insurance, Wahida Ferdousi
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation explores inequality in access to dental and vision care. It includes three chapters.
A Study Of Sociolinguistic Variation In A Small Community : Puerto Rican Spanish In Amsterdam, New York, Zahir Mumin
A Study Of Sociolinguistic Variation In A Small Community : Puerto Rican Spanish In Amsterdam, New York, Zahir Mumin
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The objective of the current study is to contribute to the larger body of sociophonetic variation research by describing and analyzing Spanish as spoken in a small Puerto Rican community in the US. First, I describe phonological and morphosyntactic features of Spanish as used by four different groups of Puerto Rican informants in Amsterdam, New York based on the duration of time that they have lived on the Island of Puerto Rico. Previous research on Puerto Rican Spanish in the US has focused particularly on final /s/ deletion (Poplack, 1980b, 1980c), final liquid production of /l/ and /ɾ/ (Ramos-Pellicia, 2007), …
Child Abuse In The Archaeological Context, Nicole Marie Popielarz
Child Abuse In The Archaeological Context, Nicole Marie Popielarz
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Children have been a widely ignored subject in archaeology so it follows that child abuse has not been studied in detail in the archaeological context. This paper combines both forensic anthropology studies and Bioarchaeological studies to see if child abuse is a modern phenomenon. Signs of both non-accidental trauma and neglect have been documented by authors in the archaeological record. The purpose of this paper will be to describe signs of both nonaccidental trauma and neglect. Then examples in archaeological studies will be reviewed. The future of the study of abuse in the archaeological context is also discussed at some …
Understanding Trait-Turnover Relationships : An Examination Of The Utility Of Holland's Congruence Theory And The Riasec Typology, Sarah Rebecca Strahan
Understanding Trait-Turnover Relationships : An Examination Of The Utility Of Holland's Congruence Theory And The Riasec Typology, Sarah Rebecca Strahan
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The goal of the current study is to improve our understanding of the relationship between personality and employee turnover. Research is reviewed to demonstrate that after decades of research we still know very little about the role of personality in turnover. As a result, many researchers have called for new approaches to improve our understanding of the relationship between personality and turnover (Griffeth, Hom, & Gaertner, 2000; Hom & Griffeth, 1995; Russell, 2013). One approach that has received little attention is examining whether job context matters –that is, do the traits that predict employee turnover depend on the particular job. …
The Role Of Unpaid Volunteers In A Group Caregiving Approach : Validation Of The Sharetm The Care Program, Amy Hegener
The Role Of Unpaid Volunteers In A Group Caregiving Approach : Validation Of The Sharetm The Care Program, Amy Hegener
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The growing population of older adults will lead to a change in the age structure in the United States, with older people outnumbering younger people for the first time. The changing age structure will affect the current workforce and place demands on the health and long term services and supports system. Moreover, with the suspension of many government programs and hospitals working to cut readmissions the burden on caregivers is increasing. On the other hand, the new generation of older adults will be healthier and better educated than previous generations. They are expected to be more productive and civically engaged, …
The New York State Nursing Home Transition And Diversion Medicaid Waiver Program : A Descriptive Cost Comparison, Joe Atsushi Katagiri
The New York State Nursing Home Transition And Diversion Medicaid Waiver Program : A Descriptive Cost Comparison, Joe Atsushi Katagiri
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The New York State Nursing Home Transition and Diversion Medicaid waiver program (NHTD) assists individuals with long-term care needs with the goal of living safely in their communities. This program is founded on two assumptions: it is less expensive to provide long-term care services to Medicaid recipients in the community as opposed to a nursing home and those who are willing and capable of living in a community setting should do so. However, the healthcare environment in the United States is facing the rising cost of long-term care. The first assumption, if true, could be used as a means to …
Three Essays In Program Evaluation, Jungtaek Lee
Three Essays In Program Evaluation, Jungtaek Lee
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
I evaluate a wider range of public policies with program evaluation methods, difference-in-difference regression method and regression discontinuity design. The first chapter considers the causal relationship between the expansion on dependent coverage of the Affordable Care Act and risky behaviors including smoking and drinking. I also examine the effect of coverage on preventive care and health care utilization. To overcome the endogeneity problem, I exploit a regression discontinuity design to estimate the causal effect of losing health insurance. I find that young adults those who turned 26 are 8 to 10 percent more likely to lose health insurance than young …
Human Feeding Biomechanics : Intraspecific Variation And Evolution, Justin Ledogar
Human Feeding Biomechanics : Intraspecific Variation And Evolution, Justin Ledogar
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This study examines feeding biomechanics in modern human crania and those of extinct early members of the human lineage in order to better understand the selective pressures that influenced human craniofacial evolution. Specifically, this study uses finite element analysis to examine: 1) human feeding performance, in terms bite force production and craniofacial strength; 2) intraspecific variation in human feeding biomechanics; 3) feeding biomechanics in fossil hominins, including Australopithecus sediba and Homo habilis, species that are potentially at the root of modern human lineage, and 4) the functional role of purported facial buttresses.
Three Essays On Risks In The Middle-Aged And Elderly In Japan, Daisuke Moriwaki
Three Essays On Risks In The Middle-Aged And Elderly In Japan, Daisuke Moriwaki
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation consists of three essays on the risks facing the middle-aged and elderly in Japan.