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Articles 1 - 16 of 16
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The Effects Of Expectancy Disconfirmation On Outcome Satisfaction In Police-Citizen Encounters, Michael Reisig, Meghan Stroshine
The Effects Of Expectancy Disconfirmation On Outcome Satisfaction In Police-Citizen Encounters, Michael Reisig, Meghan Stroshine
Meghan Stroshine
This study tests the expectancy disconfirmation model using survey data from citizens who recently had police encounters. We find support for the expectancy disconfirmation model's primary hypothesis that increased disparity between expectations of police performance and actual service inversely affects citizen satisfaction with the way the police handle encounters. This finding persists for both voluntary (e.g. breaking and entering victims) and involuntary (e.g. traffic citations) police encounters. Our results also suggest that the scope of the expectancy disconfirmation model is limited. For example, the disparity between expectations and actual service is not correlated with citizen satisfaction with the police in …
The Decision To End Abusive Relationships: The Role Of Offender Characteristics, Meghan Stroshine, Amanda Robinson
The Decision To End Abusive Relationships: The Role Of Offender Characteristics, Meghan Stroshine, Amanda Robinson
Meghan Stroshine
Much research has focused on the ways in which various community and criminal justice agencies attempt to intervene to break the cycle of domestic violence. Ultimately, this is the victim’s decision, yet few researchers have attempted to identify the factors involved in the decision to end an abusive relationship. In particular, researchers have tended to ignore the role offender characteristics may play in this decision. This study, based on interview data collected from domestic violence victims by members of an innovative community-based victim assistance program, suggests that these factors are important. Logistic regression analyses demonstrate that the most important predictors …
Race, Gender, And Tokenism In Policing: An Empirical Elaboration, Meghan Stroshine, Steven Brandl
Race, Gender, And Tokenism In Policing: An Empirical Elaboration, Meghan Stroshine, Steven Brandl
Meghan Stroshine
According to tokenism theory, “tokens” (those who comprise less than 15% of a group’s total) are expected to experience a variety of hardships in the workplace, such as feelings of heightened visibility, isolation, and limited opportunities for advancement. In the policing literature, most previous studies have defined tokenism narrowly in terms of gender. The current research extends prior research by examining tokenism as a function of gender and race, with an examination of racial/ethnic subgroups. Particular attention is paid to Latino officers as this study represents the first known study of tokenism and Latino police officers. Quantitative analyses reveal that, …
Differential Police Response To Black Battered Women, Amanda Robinson, Meghan Stroshine
Differential Police Response To Black Battered Women, Amanda Robinson, Meghan Stroshine
Meghan Stroshine
As the experiences of black battered women with the police remain an underresearched issue, the current study focuses on the police arrest decision for these victims compared to other victims. Two important research questions are answered: (1) is the arrest rate for black battered women significantly lower compared to other domestic violence victims, and (2) are there different factors influencing the police decision to arrest for these victims compared to others? Using data from a medium-sized Midwestern police department, a model of the arrest decision was analyzed using logistic regression to compare the police response to black battered women versus …
The Physical Hazards Of Police Work Revisited, Steven Brandl, Meghan Stroshine
The Physical Hazards Of Police Work Revisited, Steven Brandl, Meghan Stroshine
Meghan Stroshine
This study examines the extent to which injuries to police officers have changed from 1996-1998 to 2006-2008. Data were obtained from injury reports filed by sworn officers of the Milwaukee (Wisconsin) Police Department. Results indicated that the frequency and rate (injury incidents per officer) of officer assaults, other suspect-related injuries, and accidents declined during the study period. While the specification of the reasons for these changes remains a topic for future research, the decline in assaults and suspect-related injuries may well be a function of the increased availability and more routine use of less lethal technology, enhanced training, and the …
The Domestic Violence Arrest Decision: Examining Demographic, Attitudinal, And Situational Variables, Amanda Robinson, Meghan Stroshine
The Domestic Violence Arrest Decision: Examining Demographic, Attitudinal, And Situational Variables, Amanda Robinson, Meghan Stroshine
Meghan Stroshine
The effects of demographic, attitudinal, and situational variables on the domestic violence arrest decision were investigated using official data and officer attitudinal data. We examined some variables never before studied in this context (e.g., the demographic characteristics of officers) and improved on the measurement of many variables (e.g., victim cooperativeness, victim injury, and time of shift). Logit analyses clarified those factors that significantly impacted the arrest decision and identified how officers arrived at a determination of a victim's cooperativeness. The findings supported previous research that has highlighted the importance of situational variables in the arrest decision.
Policing: Continuity And Change, Geoffrey Alpert, Roger Dunham, Meghan Stroshine
Policing: Continuity And Change, Geoffrey Alpert, Roger Dunham, Meghan Stroshine
Meghan Stroshine
Building on the successful foundation of Policing Urban America, the authors have collaborated on this concise text to offer readers a solid overview of police work today. Policing: Continuity and Change combines theory, research, policy, and practical experience in a very readable presentation of the current context of policing. Readers can track the evolution of policing from its origins in London through possibilities for the future, as the police respond to demands for accountability and learn to utilize technology to their advantage. Discussions about recruitment, socialization, and organization delineate who the police are and what they do. The text …
The Role Of Officer Attributes, Job Characteristics, And Arrest Activity In Explaining Police Use Of Force, Steven Brandl, Meghan Stroshine
The Role Of Officer Attributes, Job Characteristics, And Arrest Activity In Explaining Police Use Of Force, Steven Brandl, Meghan Stroshine
Meghan Stroshine
While numerous studies have examined the causes, correlates, and control of police use of force, many questions remain. This study contributes to the literature on police use of force by examining the role of officers’ background characteristics, job characteristics (patrol area and shift assignment), and arrest activity in explaining variation in the frequency with which officers use force. Analyses were conducted on 1,084 police officers employed in a large municipal police department. Use of force data were obtained from 477 official departmental reports from 2010. Results suggest that a small proportion of officers are responsible for a large proportion of …
Toward An Understanding Of The Physical Hazards Of Police Work, Steven Brandl, Meghan Stroshine
Toward An Understanding Of The Physical Hazards Of Police Work, Steven Brandl, Meghan Stroshine
Meghan Stroshine
Most of the existing research on the hazards of police work concludes that policing is a dangerous occupation. The operationalization of dangerousness used by most researchers, however, fails to account for injuries and deaths that occur as a result of accidents, relying instead on the analysis of assaults and homicides. Defining dangerousness in this manner not only provides an incomplete picture of the dangers associated with the job but also precludes the comparison of policing to other occupations. Using injury report data from a police department and fire department in a large Midwestern city, this study contributes to knowledge in …
Exploring Agreement On Appropriate Responses To Domestic Violence And Sexual Trauma Across Victim Advocates, Mental Health Service Providers, And Substance Abuse Treatment Providers, Denise Herz, Meghan Stroshine, Kristen Houser
Exploring Agreement On Appropriate Responses To Domestic Violence And Sexual Trauma Across Victim Advocates, Mental Health Service Providers, And Substance Abuse Treatment Providers, Denise Herz, Meghan Stroshine, Kristen Houser
Meghan Stroshine
Research suggests that survivors of domestic violence and sexual assault are more at risk than the general population for substance abuse and/or mental health disorders (Kendler et al., 2000). Additionally, research suggests that survivors of both crimes are at risk to be “multiply diagnosed-have” a history of victimization, a mental health diagnosis, and abuse of alcohol and drugs (Steele & Rechberger, 2002). While advocates have called for a change in the treatment of trauma survivors to treat their multiple needs, the availability of collaborative care between victim advocates and behavioral health professionals remains questionable. Using survey data collected from victim …
Who Are The Complaint-Prone Officers?: An Examination Of The Relationship Between Police Officers' Attributes, Arrest Activity, Assignment, And Citizens' Complaints About Excessive Force, Steven Brandl, Meghan Stroshine, James Frank
Who Are The Complaint-Prone Officers?: An Examination Of The Relationship Between Police Officers' Attributes, Arrest Activity, Assignment, And Citizens' Complaints About Excessive Force, Steven Brandl, Meghan Stroshine, James Frank
Meghan Stroshine
This article identifies the characteristics of police officers (officers’ background attributes, arrest activity, and assignment) who most frequently receive complaints from citizens regarding the use of excessive force. The data for the study were obtained from a large mid-western municipal police department. The results show that arrest activity, officer age, and officer gender are most strongly related to the receipt of citizen’s complaints about excessive force and differentiate high-complaint officers from low-complaint officers. Implications of the findings are discussed.
Philosophy Into Practice? Community Policing Units And Domestic Violence Victim Participation, Amanda Robinson, Meghan Stroshine
Philosophy Into Practice? Community Policing Units And Domestic Violence Victim Participation, Amanda Robinson, Meghan Stroshine
Meghan Stroshine
Much research has focused on the police response to domestic violence; however, relatively little research has considered performance differences of various types of police officers. Although there has been widespread adoption of community policing by police departments across the country, it is not conclusive as to whether units with a specific community policing philosophy perform better than traditional units when handling domestic violence calls. The current study addresses this issue by analyzing the factors associated with victim participation; specifically, do officers and detectives operating under a specific community policing mandate produce higher rates of victim participation? Bivariate and multivariate analyses …
The Relationship Between Gun And Gun Buyer Characteristics And Firearm Time-To-Crime, Steven Brandl, Meghan Stroshine
The Relationship Between Gun And Gun Buyer Characteristics And Firearm Time-To-Crime, Steven Brandl, Meghan Stroshine
Meghan Stroshine
Gun violence continues to be a major crime control problem in many metropolitan cities in America. To comprehend this problem more completely, this study seeks to develop an understanding of the dynamics of illegal firearm markets in one particular city: Milwaukee, Wisconsin. In particular, the characteristics of guns and gun buyers that are related to fast firearm time-to-crime are identified. The U.S. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF) trace data and Milwaukee (Wisconsin) Police Department (MPD) records associated with guns purchased at federally licensed gun dealers and subsequently confiscated by the MPD in 2005 (N = 1,563) are …
Technological Innovations In Policing At The Dawn Of The 21st Century, Meghan Stroshine
Technological Innovations In Policing At The Dawn Of The 21st Century, Meghan Stroshine
Meghan Stroshine
No abstract provided.
The Influence Of "Working Rules" On Police Suspicion And Discretionary Decision Making, Meghan Stroshine, Geoffrey Alpert, Roger Dunham
The Influence Of "Working Rules" On Police Suspicion And Discretionary Decision Making, Meghan Stroshine, Geoffrey Alpert, Roger Dunham
Meghan Stroshine
This study examines the role of “working rules” that define what officers interpret as suspicious people, places, and situations. Data were drawn from observational studies of police decision making in Savannah, Georgia and Miami-Dade, Florida. Current theory and research on the use of police discretion and biased policing is focused on the decision to stop, search, or arrest a suspect. Only a few studies focus on processes through which police determine behaviors to be suspicious that influence them to initiate official police action. An analysis of the “working rules” used by officers uncovered 12 substantive categories. The article concludes with …
Transforming Citizens Into Suspects: Factors That Influence The Formation Of Police Suspicion, Roger Dunham, Geoffrey Alpert, Meghan Stroshine, Katherine Bennett
Transforming Citizens Into Suspects: Factors That Influence The Formation Of Police Suspicion, Roger Dunham, Geoffrey Alpert, Meghan Stroshine, Katherine Bennett
Meghan Stroshine
The present study examines the formation of police suspicion and the mental processes and decisions officers make prior to stopping and questioning citizens. Furthermore, the authors include a brief discussion of the outcomes of stops made. The authors use both quantitative and qualitative data drawn from an observational study of police decision making in Savannah, Georgia. The reasons officers gave for becoming suspicious of citizens were coded into four categories: appearance, behavior, time and place, and information. The results do not support the speculation that it is during this prestop stage in the officers’ decision making when major levels of …