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Adverse Childhood Events And Protective Health Behaviors Among Adults With Diabetes Or Diabetes With Comorbid Heart Disease, Ciara Michelle Rukse

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Diabetes is a prevalent and costly chronic condition that can lead to other comorbid conditions such as heart disease. Disease management is essential but can be stressful and complicated, especially for individuals who have developed maladaptive behaviors in response to exposure to adverse childhood events (ACEs), which are chronic stressors that impact physiological and psychological development. There is limited research on the potential relationship between childhood adversity and engagement in protective health behaviors among U.S. populations with diabetes or diabetes with comorbid heart disease. The ACEs pyramid was the theoretical framework of this quantitative cross-sectional study concerning morbidity and early …

Physicians’ Perceptions Of The Utility Of Clinical Guidelines In The Management Of People With Type 2 Diabetes In Saudi Arabia, Abdulaziz Eskandarani

CGU Theses & Dissertations

Aim: The aim of this research was to assess physicians’ perception of the utility of clinical guidelines in the management of people with Type 2 diabetes in Saudi Arabia and how their perception is affected by different physicians’ characteristics and whether high perception would result in adherence to guidelines. Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional study design and used a self-administered online survey through Qualtrics software. The survey was distributed through the Saudi Society for Diabetes (SSD) whose membership includes more than five-thousand active physicians from all regions of Saudi Arabia. There were 493 respondents to the survey. Results: Around …

Racial And Ethnic Disparities In Diabetes-Related Healthcare Service Use In The United States, 2016–2020, Gaole Song

CGU Theses & Dissertations

Diabetes is a serious public health issue in the United States. As one of the leading causes of death, the prevalence of diabetes has increased steadily and leads to an enormous medical and societal burden each year. Compared to non-Hispanic White adults, racial/ethnic minority adults have a higher risk to develop diabetes and its complications. Proper healthcare service use is important for reducing the prevalence of diabetes and the risk of complications. However, minority populations receive a lower quality healthcare service and have greater barriers to diabetes self-management. To get a better understanding of racial disparities in diabetes-related healthcare service …

Relationship Among Health Literacy Superstitious Beliefs And Self-Care Among Diabetic Patients In Warri, Nigeria, Nkemakolam Simpson Ukpabi

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractDiabetes imposes significant burdens in medical expenditures, medication use, outpatient visits, and treatment of its chronic complications. Self-care behaviors such as medication adherence and foot care have been shown to reduce hospitalizations and complications, and high health literacy levels have been positively associated with self-care adoption. However, the effect of superstition on this relationship has not been studied among diabetic patients in Warri, Nigeria. This study was conducted to determine the moderating effects of superstitious or cultural beliefs on the relationship between health literacy and self-care adoption among diabetes patients in Warri, Nigeria. A quantitative, observational, cross-sectional design guided this …

Social Determinants Of Health And Type 2 Diabetes Among Enrollees Of California Children’S Services Program In Fresno County, California, Daniela Marie Aghadjanian

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Despite extensive study in adults, Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been the subject of little research concerning young adults or children. Doctors believed T2D to develop only in a person’s later years until health care providers found younger individuals developing this disease. The purpose of this cross-sectional quantitative analysis was to determine correlations between T2D and social determinants of health in Fresno County, California, based on children and adolescents. The 2017-19 data came from the Fresno County Department of Public Health. The theoretical foundation for the study was the socio-ecological framework focusing on individuals’ traits having a bidirectional impact on …

Differential Relationships Between Waist Circumference And Cardiorespiratory Fitness Among People With And Without Type 2 Diabetes, Andrew Ortaglia, Samantha M. Mcdonald, Christina Supino, Michael D. Wirth, Xuem Sui, Matteo Bottai

Faculty Publications

Adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus tend to exhibit an increased level of central adiposity, augmenting their risk of further non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Importantly, consistent evidence demonstrates a significant, negative association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and waist circumference (WC). However, no previous studies have investigated differences in these CRF-related reductions in WC between adults with and without diabetes.

This study used data from the Aerobic Center for Longitudinal Studies, conducted between 1970 and 2006 among predominately Non-Hispanic White, middle-to-upper class adults in Texas. Quantile regression models were used to estimate CRF-related differences in WC between persons with and without diabetes. …

Delivering Non-Communicable Disease Interventions To Women And Children In Conflict Settings: A Systematic Review, Shailja Shah, Mariella Munyuzangabo, Michelle F. Gaffey, Mahdis Kamali, Reena P. Jain, Daina Als, Sarah Meteke, Amruta Radhakrishnan, Fahad J. Siddiqui, Anushka Ataullahjan, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta

Woman and Child Health

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide. In the context of conflict settings, population displacement, disrupted treatment, infrastructure damage and other factors impose serious NCD intervention delivery challenges, but relatively little attention has been paid to addressing these challenges. Here we synthesise the available indexed and grey literature reporting on the delivery of NCD interventions to conflict-affected women and children in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
Methods: A systematic search in MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and PsycINFO databases for indexed articles published between 1 January 1990 and 31 March 2018 was conducted, and publications reporting on NCD …

Environmental Barriers To Accessing Tertiary Prevention Among Hispanics Diagnosed With Type 2 Diabetes, Stella B. Biira

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

In the United States, Hispanics diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have not accessed tertiary level prevention, which is critical in diabetes management and the prevention of further complications. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the association between neighborhood crime, the absence of community health centers, the lack of culturally competent providers, the lack of public transportation, the residential setting, the distance to T2DM education classes, and access to tertiary prevention among Hispanics diagnosed with T2DM. The research was guided by the Andersen behavioral model. A sample size of N = 4,977 was used in the study, …

Examining The Impact Of Race And Rurality On Health Differences Among Overweight Youth Accessing Pediatric Endocrinology Care, Kelsee Halpin, Janelle R. Noel-Macdonnell, Yun Yan

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Methods: This study examines the impact of race and rurality on health differences, including prevalence of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes (T2D), among overweight children accessing pediatric endocrine specialty care. Cross-sectional analysis of overweight/obese youth 10 to 18 years of age receiving pediatric endocrinology consultation for weight gain, hyperglycemia, and/or T2D from 2013 to 2016 at a Midwest tertiary pediatric center.

Results: The 722 patients were 42% white, 25% black, 22% Hispanic; 88% lived in urban areas and 12% in rural areas. Rurality was determined using zip code approximation of Rural-Urban Commuting Area (RUCA) codes. After adjusting for confounders, black …

Abstracts From The 25th Annual Health Care Systems Research Network Conference, April 8–10, 2019, Portland, Oregon

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

The Health Care Systems Research Network (HCSRN) is made up of nonprofit health systems with embedded research departments whose scientists are dedicated to public domain research. The network’s annual conference serves as a forum for research teams to disseminate study findings, stimulate new collaborations, and share insights about conducting research in real-world care settings. Abstracts accepted for presentation at HCSRN 2019 are published in this supplement of Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews, the official scientific journal of the conference.

Hemoglobin A1c And The Development Of Heart Disease In African American Men, Heather Walzel

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Several studies have been conducted that link poor control of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) to an increased risk of heart disease. However, there are limited published studies that link HbA1c and heart disease based on ethnicity and gender. To address this gap in literature, the purpose of this study was to assess the association between HbA1c and heart disease in African American males (aged 30-64 years old) while controlling for education, income, and access to care. The research questions were focused on establishing an association between HbA1c values and heart disease in African American men through the lens of the health …

Factors Associated With Medical And Dental Compliance For Adults With Diabetes Mellitus, Mahua Saha

Capstone Experience

Background: Over the few decades, diabetes has become one of the most common chronic conditions in the U.S and worldwide. With the increasing number of incidences of diabetes and the cost associated with the treatment, adherence to treatment regimens is one key factor, which immensely affects the success of the diabetes treatment. The American Diabetes Association recommends annual preventive care for diabetes in terms of self-care practices such as daily blood glucose check and daily foot check. An eye examination with pupil dilation and a dental checkup are also recommended as part of annual care for diabetic patients. Considering the …

The Indigenous Determinants Of Health As Predictors For Diabetes And Unmet Health Needs Among Urban Indigenous People: A Respondent-Driven Sampling Study In Toronto, Ontario, Stephanie Rachael Mcconkey

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

National statistics commonly present Indigenous peoples as a falsely homogenous group of people experiencing disproportionate ill health when compared to non-Indigenous peoples. There are significant gaps in statistical information regarding the health services access barriers experienced by Indigenous people that disrupts the quality of care they receive or prevents them from accessing care altogether. Our Health Counts Toronto is a community-based study that employed respondent-driven sampling (RDS) methodologies to sample 917 urban Indigenous adults. Prevalence estimates and prevalence ratios were calculated using RDS-II weights and adjusting for clustering by shared recruiter in SAS 9.4 and SAS-callable SUDAAN 11.0 software. This …

Abstracts From The 24th Annual Health Care Systems Research Network Conference, April 11–13, 2018, Minneapolis, Minnesota

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Founded in 1994, the Health Care Systems Research Network (HCSRN) is a consortium of 18 research centers that are housed in community-based health systems. The organization's annual conference serves as a venue for research teams to disseminate scientific findings, stimulate new collaborations, and share insights about conducting research in real-world care-delivery settings. Abstracts accepted for presentation at HCSRN 2018 are published within this supplement of the Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews.

Implementation Of A Diabetic Resource Toolkit In A Veterans Administration Emergency Department, Caroline Hairston

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Diabetes is the 7th leading cause of death in the United States. Uncontrolled diabetes and lack of self-care knowledge leads to increased emergency department (ED) visits, utilizing limited health care resources. The practice-focused question asked whether a patient-focused diabetic self-care toolkit could decrease the number of diabetes-related ED visits. The purpose of this project was to reduce the number of diabetes-related ED visits and was supported by the social cognitive theory. The sources of evidence included the facility's ED Information System (EDIS) data and a patient survey developed by the project lead. There were 149 participants (135 males and 14 …

A Qualitative Exploration Of Experiences And Motivations For Diabetes Self-Management In African American Men Between The Ages Of 40-85 With Type 2 Diabetes, Anthony Q. Walker

Theses and Dissertations

Diabetes is a devastating disease that can affect an individual’s health and quality of life, but if managed properly, individuals with diabetes can have a good quality of life. Diabetes strikes African American men at a high rate. This study used a qualitative design to explore African American men between the ages of 40-85 with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and their definition of diabetes and motivation, their experience of living with diabetes, their self-management behaviors, their motivations for managing diabetes, and what they and healthcare providers believe motivates them to self-manage diabetes and to attend diabetes self-management education (DSME) programs. …

Diabetes Screening And Prevention In A High-Risk, Medically Isolated Border Community, Ann V. Millard, Margaret A. Graham, Nelda Mier, Jesus Moralez, Maria Perez-Patron, Brian Wickwire, Marlynn L. May, Marcia G. Ory

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Introduction: A project in a Texas border community setting, Prevention Organized against Diabetes and Dialysis with Education and Resources (POD2ER), offered diabetes prevention information, screening, and medical referrals. The setting was a large, longstanding flea market that functions as a shopping mall for low-income people. The priority population included medically underserved urban and rural Mexican Americans. Components of the program addressed those with diabetes, prediabetes, and accompanying relatives and friends.

Background: People living in the Lower Rio Grande Valley (LRGV) face challenges of high rates of type 2 diabetes, lack of knowledge about prevention, and inadequate access to medical care. …

Use Of Grounded Theory In Cardiovascular Research, Patrick J. Dunn, Vasileios Margaritis, Cheryl Anderson

The Qualitative Report

While grounded theory is often cited in the qualitative literature as the methodology, there are few good examples of publications that follow the principles of grounded theory and result in an actual theory. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how the Corbin and Strauss (2015) method of grounded theory was used in a study looking at how patients with cardiovascular disease and diabetes develop health literacy skills that are used to manage their condition. The key principles of grounded theory include theoretical sampling, constant comparison, open, axial, and selective coding, the use of memoing, and theoretical saturation. Data …

Communicating Periodontal Disease Risk To American Indian Patients With Diabetes, Jennifer Jordan

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Type 2 diabetes is epidemic in the American Indian population. One problem health care providers face when working with the American Indian population is communicating about secondary complications, such as periodontal disease. From a public health standpoint, periodontal disease prevention is important not only to prevent unnecessary oral pain and tooth loss, but also to prevent other more serious systemic problems from occurring such as cardiovascular disease, strokes, and bacterial pneumonia. The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine the communication efforts of health care providers and understand if and how they discuss periodontal disease with their American Indian …

Electronic Benefit Transfer: Food Choices, Food Insecurity, And Type 2 Diabetes, Diana Louise Malkin-Washeim

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The purpose of this research was to examine food security for people with prediabetes participating in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), focusing on their food choice decisions and coping strategies over a 30-day benefit cycle that potentially increases the risk of Type 2 diabetes. A cross-sectional, quantitative design based on food choice process model constructs was used. SNAP participants (n = 36) with prediabetes, aged 21-70 years, were recruited as outpatients from Bronx Lebanon Hospital and completed self-reported questionnaires on demographics and health, food security, and food frequency. Descriptive statistics, Pearson chi square tests, and regression analysis were performed …

Knowledge, Attitudes, Beliefs, And Behaviors Of Diabetes Among Afro-Caribbeans Near Brooklyn, Sophia I. Allen

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Literature has found that some minority groups with diabetes have a negative perception of medical professionals when a health problem occurs. This trend is particularly problematic with the diabetes epidemic in the United States. African Americans are more than 2 times as likely to die from diabetes than are Whites, and diabetes prevalence has increased exponentially in New York City where a majority of Afro-Caribbeans live. To address this problem, a cross-sectional design was used to recruit Afro-Caribbeans diagnosed with type 2 diabetes across 7 churches to examine whether shared knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors about diabetes screening and its …

Association Of Serum Immunoglobulin G (Igg) Antibodies Against Periodontal Bacteria In Type 2 Diabetes And Pre-Diabetes And Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Deepika Shrestha

Theses and Dissertations

Periodontal disease is an inflammatory disease caused by polybacterial infection and inflammation plays key role that associates periodontal disease with different systemic diseases including diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The main objective of this study is to evaluate and explore the association of serum IgG antibodies in four distinct clusters that were formed empirically from species specific 19 periodontal antibody titers with T2DM and pre-diabetes adjusting for known confounders such as age, sex, race-ethnicity, income to poverty ratio, education, smoking and drinking alcohol, BMI, WC, physical activity, missing teeth, dentist visits and other nutritional factors.

From the first aim, we formed …

Healthcare Access And Health Outcomes In Southern Nevada, Jennifer Pharr, Courtney Coughenour, Shawn Gerstenberger

Nevada Journal of Public Health

In a publication from the Robert Woods Johnson Foundation, it was recognized that a person’s zip code was a more important predictor of health than their genetic code. Where we live influences not only our access to health care, but other health indicators as well. Clark County has a low primary care physician to population ratio compared to other counties in Nevada and in the US. Clark County also has highest rates of uninsured in the Mountain West and among the highest in the nation.

Southern Nevada fared worse than other Mountain West Metropolitan areas in health indicators and preventative …

Sleep Duration And Diabetes In An Adult Population Of Rural Upstate New York, Tarak Shrestha

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Introduction: Within the past five decades, there has been a rapid increase in the number of diabetic cases in the US. The number of diabetic cases increased from 1.5 million in 1959 to 25.8 million in 2011. Around the same time period, the average sleep duration per night decreased from 8 hours to 6.9 hours.

Ethnic And Gender Differences In Psychosocial Factors In Native Hawaiian, Other Pacific Islanders, And Asian American Adults With Type 2 Diabetes, Jillian Inouye, Dongmei Li, James Davis, Richard Arakaki

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

This study examined the differences between 207 Asians and Native Hawaiian, other Pacific Islanders (NHOPI) with type 2 diabetes among various psychosocial measures. Responses to five multivariable regression models including the Diabetes Quality of Life Questionnaire (DQOL) and Short Form -36® Health Survey (SF-36) were analyzed. Differences were determined by linear contrasts in the multivariate linear regression models after adjusted for multiple demographic and socioeconomic variables. Compared to Asians, NHOPIs perceived a lower impact of diabetes on their quality of life; highlighting differences in perceptions of self-efficacy and self-care activities. Females did better on their diet while males perceived better …

Food Deserts And Their Association With Obesity And Diabetes In Ohio, Alexis Holmes, Detra Thompson

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Objective- The purpose of this study was to explore the association of food access, and availability, on prevalence of diabetes and obesity in Ohio census tracts designated as food deserts.

Methods- County and census tract-level data were combined from the USDA Food Environment Atlas and USDA Food Desert Locator respectively. Statistical analysis was conducted using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Non-normally distributed variables were assessed using the Mann-Whitney nonparametric U-test and Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Significance was considered at the p

Results- The mean rate of obesity and diabetes in Ohio in food deserts are 29.5% and 10.7%, when …

Assessing Students' Risk Factors For Type Ii Diabetes At A Midwest Public University, Nicole Decourcy Ferrian

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

The purpose of this study was to assess students' risk factors for type II diabetes at a Midwest public university. It further examined students' perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, and self-efficacy of the disease. The design of the cross-sectional study was based on risk factors for type II diabetes listed by the American Diabetes Association and the Health Belief Model's constructs of perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, and self-efficacy. A survey was distributed to non-diabetic college students aged 18 and older enrolled in general education courses at a Midwest public university. A purposive sampling of 432 students enrolled in Health 101 and …

A Spatial And Health Burden Analysis Of Census Tract 85: Implications For Prevention And Intervention, Allison C. Edwards

Public Health Theses

New regulations requiring not-for-profit hospitals to provide documented evidence of charitable care and community benefits provide a unique opportunity for strategic and targeted investment within the given community of the hospital. And with a growing number of uninsured and underserved in the US, the need for tactical community benefits is increasing exponentially. The purpose of this capstone is to pool together the relevant resources and data necessary to guide and inform the decision making process involved in creating prevention and intervention programs tailored specifically to census tract 85. Utilizing several different forms of demographic and health data including Census, Online …

Evaluation Of Diabetes Education For Latinos Living In A Metropolitan Area, Anna Rockett Potter

Public Health Theses

Diabetes is a worldwide epidemic, especially as the prevalence of Type 2 diabetes has increased in recent years. Minorities are disproportionately affected by the disease and, at the same time, often have less access to resources including medication and education. The Emory Latino Diabetes Education Program (ELDEP) is a culturally component diabetes education program aimed at promoting increased knowledge about diabetes disease management within the Latino population of metropolitan Atlanta. The program considers cultural competence and acculturation theory in its learning structure. The purpose of this study was to evaluate ELDEP’s effectiveness in increasing knowledge of diabetes, healthy behaviors, and …

Barriers To Initiation And Continuation Of Vision Care Among Diabetics, Jennifer Eilleen Werner

Theses Digitization Project

No abstract provided.