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Machiavellianism And Self-Monitoring: As Different As "Me" And "You", Miles Patterson, William Ickes, Susan M. Reidhead

Miles Patterson

No abstract provided.

Behavioral Contrast As A Function Of Component Duration And Baseline Rate Of Reinforcement, James Dougan, Frances Mcsweeney, Valeri Farmer, Jennifer Higa

James Dougan

Three experiments examined changes in size of multiple-schedule behavioral contrast with changes in an independent variable. Experiment 1 found that positive contrast generally increased with increases in component duration when pigeons pressed treadles. Experiments 2 and 3 found that positive and negative contrast generally increased with increases in the baseline rates of reinforcement when pigeons pecked keys. The experiments show that positive and negative contrast vary as similar functions of the same variables. Experiment 1 also suggests that these functions are different for different responses.

The Generalized Matching Law As A Description Of Multiple-Schedule Responding, James Dougan, Frances Mcsweeney, Valeri Farmer, J. Whipple

James Dougan

The literature was examined to determine how well the generalized matching law (Baum, 1974) describes multiple-schedule responding. In general, it describes the data well, accounting for a median of 91% of the variance. The median size of the undermatching parameter was 0.46; the median bias parameter was 1.00. The size of the undermatching parameter, and the proportion of the variance accounted for by the equation, varied inversely with the number of schedules conducted, with the number of sessions conducted per schedule, and with the time within a component. The undermatching parameter also varied with the operanda used to produce reinforcers …

The Abusing Priest, Minister, And Nun, L. Bartolini

LeeAnn Bartolini

Simple Schedule And Signal-Key Multiple Schedule Responding And Behavioral Contrast, James Dougan, Frances K. Mcsweeney, Valerie A. Farmer

James Dougan

Pigeons' rates of responding on simple schedules appearing alone or as components of signal-key multiple schedules were not systematically different early in training, but were different later in training. This suggests that a simple schedule may be an appropriate baseline from which to measure behavioral contrast. Positive behavioral contrast, like the present differences between simple and multiple schedule responding, does not appear when naive subjects respond on signal-key multiple schedules, but does appear when experimentally experienced subjects are used.

Behavioral Contrast In Competitive And Non-Competitive Environments, James Dougan, Frances Mcsweeney, Valeri Farmer-Dougan

James Dougan

Three experiments examined the effects of opportunities for an alternative response (drinking) on positive behavioral contrast of rats' food-reinforced bar pressing. In both Experiments I and 2 the baseline multiple variable-interval schedules were rich (variable interval 10-s), and contrast was examined both with and without a water bottle present. In Experiment 1, the rats were not water deprived. When one component of the multiple schedule was changed to extinction, the rate of bar pressing increased in the constant component (positive behavioral contrast). The magnitude of contrast was larger when the bottle was absent than when it was present, as predicted …

Depressed Mood Effects On Processing Of High‑ And Low‑Content Structure Text In American And Australian College Women, Gregory J. Boyle

Gregory J. Boyle