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A Unique Case Of Cutaneous Melanoma: Case Report And Literature Review, Iulia Maria Teodora Leulescu, Grigore Bălan, Claudia Ioana Dogaru, Maria Moga, Emil Catalin Popa, Irina Popescu, Mircea Tampa, Simona Roxana Georgescu

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Introduction. According to the European Cancer Information System, melanoma is the sixth most diagnosed cancer in Europe (following breast, colorectal, prostate, lung, and bladder cancer) and ranks among the top 20 most common causes of cancer-related death. The diagnosis of melanoma can be a clinical challenge due to the variety of signs and symptoms, ranging from small, asymptomatic lesions with slow progression to large, painful tumors with rapid growth. In this paper, we will report an exceptional case of cutaneous melanoma with an atypical presentation in a patient with no personal or family history of skin cancer. Case presentation. We …

The Role Of Computed Tomography And Esophageal Ultrasonography In The Preoperative Evaluation Of Esophageal Cancer Resection, Vasile Cosmin Obleaga, Dan Ionuț Gheonea, Ioana Andreea Gheonea, Cecil Sorin Mirea, Emil Moraru, Mihai Călin Ciorbagiu, Ionică Daniel Vîlcea, Tiberiu Ștefăniță Cojan-Țenea

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Objectives. Esophageal cancer is one of the most aggressive types of cancer, with a 5-year relative survival rate of only 18%-20.5%. Survival is highly dependent on accurate positive diagnosis and staging, in which the imaging modalities available have a primary role. The study is focused on the analysis of the preoperative T and M staging strategy and the reliability of computed tomography and endoscopic esophageal ultrasound in predicting resectability. A second objective was to evaluate the influence of preoperative imaging modalities on decreasing the number of unnecessary thoracotomies and laparotomies. Material and Methods. This study was conducted on a lot …

Assessment Of Psycho-Emotional Symptoms In Cancer Patients In An Oncology-Palliative Care Department From Romania, Roxana Andreea Rahnea-Nita, Laura-Florentina Rebegea, Elena Gabriela Valcu, Mihaela Dumitru, Radu Valeriu Toma, Mihai Georgescu, Georgia Luiza Serbanescu, Maria Alexandra Barbu, Georgiana Bianca Constantin, Gabriela Rahnea-Nita

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Introduction. Anxiety and depression have an increased prevalence in cancer patients, especially in those in an advanced stage of the disease. These disorders have a major impact on the social life, existential concerns and quality of life of cancer patients. Materials and Methods. A number of 114 consecutive patients were included in the study (in a period of 2 weeks) who were screened for anxiety, depression and for other common symptoms, using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS). Results. Regarding the age - the abnormal level of anxiety and depression: the percentage of patients …

Pancreatic Cancer; From Effective Prevention And Early Diagnosis To Personalized Therapy, Adrian Silaghi, Dragos Serban, Bogdan Gaspar, Valentin Verlas, Dragos Epistatu, Cristian Paius, Roxana Sfetea, Liliana Andronache, Ioana Paunica, Irina Ruxandra Strambu, Daniela Gabriela Bălan, Alexandru Florin Motofei, Vlad Denis Constantin

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Despite substantial improvements in survival rates for most cancers, pancreatic cancer still remains a leading cause of death from malignancy. The disease has no symptoms in the initial stages, it can early invade the surrounding organs, and treatment methods have poor long-term prognosis. In addition, this neoplasia is starting to be diagnosed more and more frequently in young people. High incidences have been found in developed regions such as Europe, North America, Australia, but recent data show that this condition is increasing in other regions as well. Pancreatic cancer involves multiple factors such as cigarette smoking, obesity, diabetes, alcohol consumption, …

Correlation Between Molecular Prognostic Factors And Bevacizumab Therapeutic Resistance In Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer; The Avamet Study, Adrian Paul Suceveanu, Dragos Serban, Andreea Daniela Caloian, Georgeta Camelia Cozaru, Anca Chisoi, Anca Antonela Nicolau, Ioan Sergiu Micu, Andra Iulia Suceveanu

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Objectives. Colorectal cancer is responsible for more than two million cases diagnosed annually. Despite early diagnosis through screening programs and adequate treatment, 25% of cases are diagnosed with metastatic disease while up to 50% of patients diagnosed early progress to metastatic disease. Materials and Methods. The study of 40 patients aims to identify the role of placental growth factor and heparin-binding growth factor as prognostic tools for current treatments involving resistance to bevacizumab in metastatic colorectal cancer. Results. Our results suggested that overall survival was influenced by serum fibroblast growth factor 1 levels. A cut-off value of 260.71 pg/ml was …

Medical And Psychological Management Of Patients With A History Of Surgical Treatment For Pancreatic Diseases, Magdalena Țone, Daniel Cochior, Oana Denisa Balalau, Tomescu Dana Rodica, Cristian Balalau, Teodora Mocan, Aurelian Udristoiu, Gabriel Petre Gorecki

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Background. Pancreatic cancer, known for its high mortality rate and late diagnosis, remains a significant health concern. Surgery offers a potential therapeutic remedy, but it is only valid in the early stage of detection. Increasing risk factors and an aging population are expected to raise the incidence of pancreatic cancer, further challenging healthcare systems. Methods. The general objective of this study was to analyze doctors' experiences regarding the health status of patients with benign pancreatic pathology who underwent surgery and were admitted to CF2 Clinical Hospital in Bucharest. The research involved a specialized questionnaire addressing various aspects of patient health, …

Genetic And Serological Markers In Colorectal Cancer Surgery, Adrian Silaghi, Vlad Denis Constantin, Dragos Serban, Dragos Epistatu, Ioana Paunica, Daniela Gabriela Bălan, Laura Florentina Rebegea

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Colon cancer is relatively asymptomatic in the early stages, the manifestations appearing and intensifying with the evolution of the disease, especially when associated with local and/or systemic complications. In such cases, surgical interventions are often emergency and involve more extensive operations (on metabolically and immune-stressed organisms), so that an early diagnosis (endoscopy, tumor markers, etc.) remains not only desirable but even a priority, especially in predisposed patients (genetic factors, lifestyle, etc.). As a consequence, the involvement of tumor markers in colon neoplasms has become more and more investigated in recent times. This review investigates the roles of serological and genetic …

Diabetic Patients And Postoperative Complications In Colorectal Surgery, Ioana Paunica, Adrian Silaghi, Daniela Gabriela Bălan, Bogdan Socea, Cristian Balalau, Florin Silviu Groseanu, George Alexandru Popescu, Dragos Epistatu, Vlad Denis Constantin

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common comorbidities of patients undergoing surgery. Colorectal surgery is frequently associated with postoperative complications, and diabetic patients represent a population that presents a high risk of developing such complications. Understanding the interrelationships between neoplastic disease and diabetes, as well as the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying postoperative complications, are essential for effective therapeutic management. Genetic predispositions, alterations in the gut microbiota, inflammatory response, ischemic, thrombotic and infectious processes contribute significantly to the development of severe surgical complications, such as anastomotic fistulas. Postoperative ileus, characterized by gastrointestinal dysmotility, is common in diabetic patients due to neuropathic …

Gastric Cancer; Actualities And Perspectives Of Early Diagnosis And Targeted Therapy, Adrian Silaghi, Laura Florentina Rebegea, Daniela Gabriela Balan, Anca Dumitriu, Stana Paunica, Cristian Balalau, Stefăniță Tenea Cojan, Dragos Epistatu, Vlad Denis Constantin

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Gastric cancer is an extremely aggressive form of malignancy that, if left untreated, is life-threatening. Improved survival rates depend on early detection of the disease, as well as on the combination of different forms of treatment (surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, etc.). Screening methods have brought real benefit in early detection of malignancies, but many cases are still diagnosed at advanced stages. The current study is a review related to actualities and perspectives of early diagnosis and targeted therapy of gastric cancer. After an extensive review of the literature, epidemiological, diagnostic and treatment data are presented. The open surgical approach is …

Barrett's Esophagus As A Premalignant Condition; Medical And Surgical Therapeutic Management, Vlad Denis Constantin, Adrian Silaghi, Laura Florentina Rebegea, Stana Paunica, Anca Silvia Dumitriu, Doina Andrada Mihai, Ioana Paunica, Dragos Epistatu

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Barrett's esophagus (BE) represents a special clinical entity, which may have reduced symptoms, but an increased potential for malignant degeneration. The factors that lead to the appearance of Barrett's esophagus are multiple, the most important being gastro-esophageal reflux, as well as smoking and obesity. BE occurs as a result of damage of the esophageal mucosa, caused by acid/basic gastroesophageal reflux and resulting in the transformation of the epithelium from squamous to intestinal type. The diagnosis of BE is primarily based on endoscopic examination. This method has not only a diagnostic role, but also a therapeutic one through the minimally invasive …

Diagnosis And Management Of Colon Cancer Patients Presenting In Advanced Stages Of Complications, Vlad Denis Constantin, Adrian Silaghi, Dragos Epistatu, Anca Silvia Dumitriu, Stana Paunica, Daniela Gabriela Bălan, Bogdan Socea

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Colorectal cancer is an important health problem with a significant impact on the individual and society. Malignancy (including colorectal cancer) is usually slightly symptomatic in its initial stages. This causes cancer to be discovered in some patients accidentally (either through screening tests in predisposed individuals or during routine investigations for other diseases), while in other patients the colorectal cancer is discovered in late stages, when the symptoms are much more intense due to complications. Unfortunately, such advanced cases of the disease have high rates of morbidity and mortality even with treatment. Current treatment methods are usually complex, interdisciplinary, causing significant …

Diet And Food Chemicals Increasing The Risk Of Colorectal Cancer – Literature Review, Mihail Silviu Tudosie, Andreea Pauna, Cristian Stefani, Iulia Madalina Staicu

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Colorectal cancer is a common form of cancer nowadays. There are many risk factors in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. The malignant proliferation is caused by one or more genetic mutations, which activate oncogenes and deactivate tumor suppressor genes. Some factors cannot be changed, such as a person's age or family history. An essential aspect in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer is the choice of lifestyles, such as a high-fat diet, smoking, and excess alcohol. Carcinogens can be either natural or chemical. The mechanisms by which carcinogens initiate tumor formation are genetic or non-genotoxic. The most common form of colorectal …

The Benign Mimickers Of Carcinoma On Breast Mri, Irmak Durur-Subasi, Adem Karaman, Elif Demirci, Sare Sipal, Mufide Nuran Akcay

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

The similarity between benign and malignant pathologies on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and a wide-ranging variability of the lesions from benign proliferative changes to invasive breast carcinoma cause a lower and wide-ranging specificity of breast MRI relative to its surpass sensitivity. A wide range of tissue components such as the skin, the adipose tissue, vascular and neural tissues, connective tissues, glandular tissues, ducts, and muscle tissues are found here all together. This pictorial review was aimed at deliberating benign mimickers of breast carcinoma on MRI and trying to call attention to the overlapping and distinctive features.

Modern Interpretation Of Risk Factors In Breast Cancer Of Women, Oana Denisa Bălălău, Răzvan Valentin Scăunașu, Octavian Gabriel Olaru, Anca Silvia Dumitriu, Stana Paunica, Liliana Florina Andronache, Anca Daniela Stănescu

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Breast cancer is a major public health problem, being the most common cancer diagnosed in women and accounting for more than 1 in 10 new diagnoses of cancer each year. It is the most common neoplasm of women under the age of 40 and the second leading cause of cancer death in this age group, with more frequent detection of pathogenic mutations in breast cancer susceptibility genes. Women with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations are about 70% more likely to develop breast cancer. The incidence is rising in most countries and it is expected to have a growing trend in the …

The Involvement Of Oxidative Stress In Non-Hodgkin’S Lymphomas; A Review Of The Literature, Ramona Ingrid Corbeanu, Amelia Maria Găman

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Non-Hodgkin’s malignant lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of hematological malignancies, characterized by a variety of clinical, morphological, histopathological, immuno-histochemical, molecular and evolutionary features. They represent a form of cancer that develops from the lymphatic tissue, as a result of the malignant transformation of B (85%) or T (15%) lymphocytes. Lymphomagenesis is described as a multi-stage process involving the mutation and proliferation of cell clones. Oxidative stress is defined as an imbalance of cellular redox status caused by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and/ or by decreasing antioxidant systems that allows their accumulation in the cell. Small quantities of …

How Does A Medical Team In The Oncology Department React To The Covid-19 Pandemic?, Secil Omer, Andreea Maria Smarandache, Ioana Omer, Anda-Natalia Ciuhu, Roxana-Andreea Rahnea-Nita, Valentin-Titus Grigorean, Liliana Florina Andronache, Alexandru-Rares Stoian

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

The Covid-19 pandemic was and still is a great challenge for the entire world population. People in the first line, among them doctors being a very important category, faced the risk of disease and, in some cases, even became infected. The emotional consequences of this risk are highlighted in this paperwork which tries to stress, with the help of applied questionnaires, the presence of psycho-emotional disorders among the medical staff of the Oncology Department of St. Luke's Hospital, Bucharest, during the pandemic.

The medical staff had a low level of stress, adapting to the evolution of the pandemic "to some …

The Impact Of Patient-Dependent Risk Factors On Morbidity And Mortality Following Gastric Surgery For Malignancies, Bogdan Dumitriu, Sebastian Valcea, Gabriel Andrei, Mircea Beuran

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Gastric cancer remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide. The treatment for gastric cancer is multimodal, in which gastrectomy remains the only curative approach. However, gastric resection is often associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates, depending on several factors. These factors can be attributed to the patient as comorbidities or effects of the disease upon him and, on the other hand, there are risk factors independent of the patient, such as aspects of the tumor (type, staging, location), experience of the surgical and anesthetic team, logistics of the hospital, yield of adjuvant therapies etc. We recognize the fact that …

Intestinal Dysbiosis – A New Treatment Target In The Prevention Of Colorectal Cancer, Florinela-Andrada Dumitru, Sergiu Ioan Micu, Roxana Emanuela Popoiag, Marilena Musat, Andreea Daniela Caloian, Valentin Calu, Vlad Denis Constantin, Daniela Gabriela Balan, Cornelia Nitipir, Florin Enache

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

The gastrointestinal microbiome contains at least 100 trillion microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi), whose distribution varies from the mouth to the rectum spatially and temporally throughout one's lifetime. The microbiome benefits from advancing research due to its major role in human health. Studies indicate that its functions are immunity, metabolic processes and mucosal barrier. The disturbances of these functions, dysbiosis, influence physiology, lead to diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, obesity and colon tumorigenesis. The third most common form of cancer, colorectal cancer, is the result of many factors and genes, and although the link between dysbiosis and this type of cancer is …

How Opportune Is Multigene Testing In Metastatic Colorectal Cancer? A Review, Cristina Orlov-Slavu, Andreea Parosanu, Mihaela Olaru, Dragos Serban, Ioana Paunica, Cornelia Nitipir

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Personalized treatment in oncology is the most innovative method of care. The best method to establish personalized treatment is by genetic characterization of the malignant cell.

Theoretically, the more detailed the characterization, the more effective the choice of treatment becomes. Currently, there are fast and relatively low-cost options that allow such genetic characterization. However, test results sometimes do not detect targetable alterations and, even if they do detect, the use of the treatment-alteration combination does not always generate a satisfactory oncological response.

The present paper aims to answer two questions. First, how targetable can the most common gene alterations in …

The Diagnostic Algorithm In Pre-Invasive Cervical Lesions, Mihai-George Loghin, Oana Denisa Balalau, Nicolae Bacalbasa, Adriana Vasilache, Octavian Gabriel Olaru, Andrei Vasilache, Anca Daniela Stanescu

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

The screening for pre-invasive cervical lesions has significantly decreased the incidence of cervical neoplasm. It is recommended to be performed starting with the age of 21 with a frequency of 3-5 years and it consists of pap smear testing and HPV genotyping, and, if required, it can be continued with colposcopy or biopsy followed by pathological assessment. The importance of the early diagnosis of pre-invasive cervical lesions has led to several studies on this topic. The paper analyzed the modern literature published on the PubMed and Scopus databases. Reference studies have found that most intraepithelial lesions are caused by the …

The Molecular Mechanisms Linking Metabolic Syndrome To Endometrial And Breast Cancers, Andrada-Luciana Lazar, Romana Vulturar, Adriana Fodor, Olga Hilda Orasan, Camil-Horia Eusebiu Crișan, Cezar Login, Ioana Para, Vasile Negrean, Brandusa Tiperciuc, Angela Cozma

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

The metabolic syndrome represents a plethora of cardio-metabolic risk factors including obesity, arterial hypertension, atherogenic dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, accompanied by pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic state. The metabolic syndrome is one of the key risk factors for certain types of cancer. Among these malignancies, breast cancer and endometrial neoplasms require special attention. Incriminated major causes for the development of breast and endometrial cancer in metabolic syndrome patients are: the pro-inflammatory status and related cytokines, adipokine imbalances, hyperestrogenism, growth factors, disturbances in cancer microenvironment, insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. The metabolic syndrome consists of molecular dysregulations that create a pro-oncogenic status. Our review aims at …

A Pedunculated Esophageal Chondromatous Hamartoma In A Child, Dan-Alexandru Iozsa, Maria Puscasu, Catalin Gabriel Cirstoveanu, Vlad Denis Constantin, Anca Silvia Dumitriu, Stana Paunica, Nicolae Sebastian Ionescu

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Esophageal tumors are uncommon in pediatric population and most of them are benign. Esophageal hamartomas have been reported extremely rare in children. These can present as intramural tumors of the esophageal wall or as polyps. Dysphagia is the main symptom described in their case, but other specific symptoms are also reported. Such symptoms encountered in clinical practice are represented by obstructive apnea episodes and bradycardia, poor weight gain, epigastric or retrosternal pain, hematemesis or melena, dysphonia or tracheal sounds. Diagnosis can be delayed due to the insidious onset and non-specific symptoms, therefore patient’s compliance to follow-up and broad, careful evaluation …

Modern Approaches For Antiandrogen-Resistant Prostate Cancer Therapy, Felix Voinea, Laura Mazilu, Ioan Sergiu Micu, Adrian Paul Suceveanu, Madalina Iliescu, Andrada Dumitru, Vlad Denis Constantin, Ioana Paunica, Andra Iulia Suceveanu

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Prostate cancer represents the leading malignant tumor in men over 50 years of age with 400,000 new cases being diagnosed yearly in Europe. Even if the incidence rate is higher than the mortality rate, still there is an increasing trend when speaking of its mortality. The increasing incidence of the metabolic syndrome, the unhealthy lifestyle, the high lipid and Calcium intake, the high spread of infections with Human Papilloma Virus, Human Herpes Virus, the excess of androgen consumption and the longer life expectancy, are few of the main causes of prostate cancer increasing incidence. The new systemic therapies such as …

A Mini-Review Regarding The Carcinogenesis And Morphology Of Serous Tumors Of The Ovary, Fallopian Tube And Peritoneum, Tiberiu-Augustin Georgescu, Roxana Bohiltea, Octavian Munteanu, Corina Grigoriu, Ioana Paunica, Maria Sajin

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Similar to the already well-recognized adenoma-carcinoma sequence in colorectal cancer pathogenesis, it has been believed for many decades that the progression of ovarian epithelial tumors occurs from benign serous cystadenomas to borderline tumors, to well-differentiated carcinomas, and ultimately, to poorly differentiated carcinomas. However, it is currently accepted that low-grade serous carcinoma (LGSC) and high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) are fundamentally different tumor types and, consequently, different diseases. In fact, whereas the benign-borderline-malignant sequence seems to apply quite well to low-grade serous carcinoma, the sequence of genetic alterations in high-grade serous carcinoma is substantially different. In this mini-review, we included the current …

Warty Carcinoma Of Uterine Cervix - Review Of The Literature And Case Report, Octavian Gabriel Olaru, Catalina Monica Pena, Oana Denisa Balalau, Anca Daniela Stanescu

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Introduction. The Histological Classification of Epithelial Tumors of the Uterine Cervix of the World Health Organization includes inter alia warty carcinoma as a variant of squamous cell carcinoma. Until now several case reports and studies have shown that this particular cancer is associated with human papillomavirus/ HPV infection.

Case presentation. A 58-year-old woman presented with a vegetant cervical tumour. Biopsy samples were collected from the tumour, and the histological exam successively confirmed the warty cell carcinoma. Additional tests revealed the presence of single human papillomavirus/ type-45. An immunohistochemistry exam was performed in order to confirm the diagnosis, and …

Innovative Device For Indocianyne Green Navigational Surgery, Cătălin Aliuș, Nicolae Bacalbașa, Cristian Bălălău

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Dynamic reality has been integrated into developing surgical techniques, with the goals of providing increased intraoperative accuracy, easier detection of critical anatomical landmarks, and better general results for the patient. Enhancement of the reality in surgical theaters using single or multi sensorial augmenters (haptic, thermic and visual) has been reported with various degrees of success. This paper presents a novel device for navigational surgery and ancillary clinical applications based on the fluorescent properties of Indocyanine Green (ICG), a safe, FDA-approved dye that emits fluorescence at higher wavelengths than endogenous proteins. The latest technological developments and the aforementioned convenient quantum behavior …

The Serine/Threonine Protein Kinase (Akt)/ Protein Kinase B (Pkb) Signaling Pathway In Breast Cancer, Daniela Miricescu, Camelia Cristina Diaconu, Constantin Stefani, Ana Maria Alexandra Stanescu, Alexandra Totan, Ioana Ruxandra Rusu, Ovidiu Gabriel Bratu, Dan Spinu, Maria Greabu

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

According to statistical data published in 2019, breast cancer is among the leading causes of death in women worldwide. The serine/threonine kinase (AKT) or protein kinase B (PkB) signaling pathway is activated by phosphorylation processes, which further is associated with cell growth, proliferation, and survival, but also with activation of glucose metabolism. Mutations of the AKT signaling pathway components (especially PI3KCA and PTEN) have been observed in breast cancer patients, which are associated with resistance to hormonal treatment. Many clinical trials are testing the effect of AKT inhibition in order to block the growth and proliferation of breast cancer cells. …

Treatment Of Lipomas And Diffuse Lipomatosis With Ndyag 1064 Nm Laser And Their Impact On The Quality Of Life, Valeriu Ardeleanu, Liliana Florina Andronache, Florentina Gherghiceanu, Stana Paunica, Cristian Balalau, Anca Pantea Stoian

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Lipomas, the most common type of benign tumours, are generally developed from adipose tissue and present an incidence of 2.1 per 1000 inhabitants. In addition to lipomas, at least three other maladies of the adipose tissue lead patients to consult a doctor, especially for aesthetic purposes: multiple familial lipomatosis, diffuse congenital lipomatosis, and adiposa doloris. Unlike lipomas, these maladies are characterized by numerous lipomas, encapsulated or not, of different sizes, symmetrical or not, which may appear in the neck, limbs, or the trunk, sometimes being painful. The life quality of these patients is affected, not only from an aesthetic point …

Oncogenesis- Kaleidoscopic And Multi-Level Reality, Firmilian Calota, Cristian Mesina, Stelian Stefanita Mogoanta, Dragos Calota

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Oncogenesis is an extremely complex phenomenon. The mechanisms by which cancer is induced is only partially known. Consequently, therapeutic targets may be uncertain and results are often unsatisfactory. The purpose of this paper is to develop a trans-level and multiple transdisciplinary perspective describing the kaleidoscopic reality of oncogenesis. This manner of understanding oncogenesis as a complex process characterized by a non-linear dynamic, far from equilibrium and with unpredictable evolution, transcends the classical perspective and requires a paradigm shift. This approach is also facilitated by recent studies that focus on group phenomena, with emerging behaviors in a continuous phase transition. Biological …

Functional Radical Cervical Dissection For Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: The Experience Of A Single Center, Tulin Adrian, Lucian Alecu, Catalina Poiana, Luminita Tomescu, Iulian Slavu, Raluca Tulin, Silviu Pituru, Cristina Orlov, Radu Jecan, Balalau Cristian, Anca Pantea Stoian, Razvan Hainarosie, Cornelia Nitipir

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

There is ongoing debate regarding the role of neck dissection in differentiated thyroid cancer, about its usefulness in elective settings, and the increased costs regarding morbidity and operative time. This retrospective study aimed to determine the rate of metastases in cervical lymph nodes, to examine the morbidity of this surgery, and to assess whether a pattern of distribution of tumor cells concerning neck lymphatic compartments exists. The most frequent type of cancer to metastasize was papillary cancer, the majority of patients were young with a median of 30 years, predominantly females. Differentiated thyroid cancer frequently metastasizes to the central and …