Digital Commons Network^™

Financial Implication Of Covid-19: A Story Of Malaysian Dental Practitioner, Nor Faharina Abdul Hamid, Azlan Jaafar, Nurul Haini Najwa Mohamd Mahmod, Raja Nur Nabiha Raja Amir Hamzah

Journal of Dentistry Indonesia

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused series of lockdown in Malaysia which led to the significant financial impact to dental practitioner in Malaysia. Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate factors affecting dental practice and its implication to financial situation during the pandemic in Malaysia. Methods: Registered Malaysian dental practitioners were invited to participate in online questionnaire via google form. Descriptive and Pearson’s chi-square test analysis were conducted (p<0.05). Results: 468 of dental practitioners had responded to our survey. More than three-quarter of dental practitioners worked in government sectors while almost a quarter worked in private sectors. 49.2% …

Knowledge, Attitudes, And Practices Of Saudi Citizens On Covid-19 Pandemic: A Multi-Region Survey, Maha Sanat Alreshidi, Nojoud Abdullah Daaya Alreshidi, Ebaa Felemban, Ferdinand Gonzales

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Although policies and guidelines may not always be optimal in all settings, a tailor-fitted guideline is appropriate. This study aims to determine the differences in the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of Saudi citizens toward Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods: A quantitative-comparative-correlational approach was carried out from March 21 to May 22, 2020. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and t-test were used to determine the differences in knowledge and demographic characteristics. Linear regression was used to determine relationships among KAP.

Results: The participants’ knowledge yielded 82.83%, positive attitudes (M = 2.10; SD = 1.15) and good …

Psychological Distress During The Covid-19 Pandemic In Nursing Students: A Mixed Methods Study, Mayantoinette Watson

Dissertations

During such an unprecedented time of the largest public health crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic, nursing students are of the utmost concern regarding their psychological and physical well-being. Questions are emerging and circulating about what will happen to the nursing students and the long-term effects of the pandemic, especially now that hospitals are being overwhelmed with COVID-19 cases and patients as well as a significant need for nursing staff (Jividen, 2020). Expectations, demands, change, and the fear of the unknown during this unprecedented time can only contribute to the many stressors that accompany nursing students through laborious clinical and didactic courses …

Factors Influencing Academic Self-Efficacy Among Nursing Students During Covid-19: A Path Analysis, Shinhi Han, Koun Eum, Hee Sun Kang, Kathleen Karsten

Publications and Research

Introduction: The shift to online learning owing to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic is posing an additional challenge to academic success, particularly for students who speak English as a Second Language (ESL). This study aimed to examine the factors that contribute to academic self-efficacy among ESL nursing students.

Method: This was a cross-sectional study using path analysis with 113 undergraduate ESL nursing students in New York City. Data were collected online using self-report measures of the study variables: academic self-efficacy, perfectionistic concerns, acculturative stress, and e-learning stress. A hypothetical path model was tested using AMOS 26.0.

Results: …

Covid-19-Related Mental Health Burdens: Impact Of Educational Level And Relationship Status Among Low-Income Earners Of Western Uganda, Ann Monima Lemuel, Ibe Michael Usman, Keneth Iceland Kasozi, Saad Alghamdi, Eric Osamudiamwen Aigbogun, Victor Archibong, Robinson Ssebuufu, Annet Kabanyoro, Josiah Eseoghene Ifie, Dominic Terkimbi Swase, Fred Ssempijja, John Tabakwot Ayuba, Kevin Matama, Hope Onohuean, Stellamaris Kembabazi, Rachael Henry, Said Odoma, Helen Yusuf, Adam Moyosore Afodun, Hamza M. Assaggaf, Emmanuel Kairania, Akhmed Aslam, Owoisinke Okon, Gaber El-Saber Batiha, Susan Christina Welburn

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Objective: The study aimed to investigate the relationship between mental health with the level of education, relationship status, and awareness on mental health among low-income earners in Western Uganda.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study carried out among 253 participants. Anxiety, anger, and depression were assessed using a modified generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7), Spielberger's State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2, and Beck Depression Inventory item tools, respectively.

Results: The majority of our respondents were male (n = 150/253, 59.3), had a secondary level of education (104/253, 41.1), and were single (137/253, 54.2). No formal education and primary education (r …

Acute Induced Scurvy: Implications For Covid-19 And The Cytokine Storm, Chawki Belhadi

Field Notes: A Journal of Collegiate Anthropology

Using an evolutionary genetic disease model, this review considers Vitamin C (VC) and its potential for treating COVID-19 (CV-19). The model’s validity rests on VC’s potent antioxidant property and the mutation sustained by the primate ancestor (est.) 61 MYA that left humans unable to produce VC. The result is humans cannot -by diet or oral supplementation- achieve plasma VC concentrations typical of vitamin C synthesizers. This may leave humans chronically vulnerable to infectious disease (hypoascorbemia). VC deficiency can become more acute during severe disease (anascorbemia) and, because of the relationship between disease severity and oxidative stress, can intensify the oxidative …

Health Technology In School-Based Health Centers: Supporting Continuous Care During Covid-19, Erin Sullivan, Anna Goddard, Paula Fields, Suzanne Mackey

Nursing Faculty Publications

Background: Children and adolescents in the United States face disparities by race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status, including unequal access to consistent and high-quality healthcare. School-based health centers (SBHCs) promote health equity by delivering primary, mental, and other health services directly to students in their schools. The COVID-19 outbreak in the United States resulted in schools and SBHCs closing their physical sites and pivoting to virtual service delivery. Methods: In the months immediately following school closures, school-based health center practitioners and sponsors participated in an online listening series to share how they used technology to creatively advertise services, engage with students, …

Positron Emission Tomography In The Covid-19 Pandemic Era, Chentao Jin, Xiaoyun Luo, Shufang Qian, Kai Zhang, Yuanxue Gao, Rui Zhou, Peili Cen, Zhoujiao Xu, Hong Zhang, Mei Tian

Faculty and Staff Publications

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a major public health problem worldwide since its outbreak in 2019. Currently, the spread of COVID-19 is far from over, and various complications have roused increasing awareness of the public, calling for novel techniques to aid at diagnosis and treatment. Based on the principle of molecular imaging, positron emission tomography (PET) is expected to offer pathophysiological alternations of COVID-19 in the molecular/cellular perspectives and facilitate the clinical management of patients. A number of PET-related cases and research have been reported on COVID-19 over the past one year. This article reviews the current studies of …

Low-Cost Peer-Taught Virtual Research Workshops For Medical Students In Pakistan: A Creative, Scalable, And Sustainable Solution For Student Research, Ronika Devi Ukrani, Ayesha Niaz Shaikh, Russell S. Martins, Syeda Sadia Fatima, Hamna Amir Naseem, Mishall Ahmed Baig

Medical College Documents

Background: Pakistan has not been a major contributor to medical research, mainly because of the lack of learning opportunities to medical students. With the increase in online learning systems during COVID-19, research related skills can be taught to medical students via low-cost peer taught virtual research workshops.
Aim of the study: To assess the effectiveness of a comprehensive low-cost peer-taught virtual research workshops amongst medical students in Pakistan.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study assessed the effectiveness of five virtual research workshops (RWs) in improving core research skills. RWs for medical students from across Pakistan were conducted over Zoom by medical students …

Non-Compliance To Social Distancing During Covid-19 Pandemic: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study Between The Developed And Developing Countries, Faiqa Binte Aamir, Syeda Maria Ahmad Zaidi, Saadia Abbas, Syed Roohan Aamir, Syed Nauman Ahmad Zaidi, Karishma Kanhya Lal, Syeda Sadia Fatima

Medical College Documents

Background: Despite mass vaccination campaigns, the world has seen a steady rise in the number of SARS-CoV-2 cases, with 178,765,626 cases and 3,869,994 COVID-19 related deaths by June 19^th, 2021. Therefore, it is important to enforce social distancing to control its spread. With the variation observed in the severity of the pandemic in different countries, it is also imperative to study the social distancing behaviors amongst the population in developed and developing countries.
Design and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 384 participants from 14 different countries were surveyed via an online REDCap form.
Results: In …

Stress And Anxiety Among Physicians And Nurses In Romania During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Romina-Marina Sima, Octavian-Gabriel Olaru, Anca Cazaceanu, Cristian Scheau, Mihai-Traian Dimitriu, Mihai Popescu, Liana Ples

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Objective. This study aimed at identifying the stress and anxiety levels among physicians and nurses working in Romanian hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods and Results. We conducted an online survey with a questionnaire completed by 169 healthcare providers aged between 25 and 69 years from COVID and non-COVID hospitals. There were 87.6% physicians and 12.4% nurses, with 61.5% women and 38.5% men. Clinicians experienced high levels of stress in 2.7% of the cases, medium stress in 68.9% of the cases, and low stress in 28.4% of the cases. Women experienced more stress (2.9% high level, 66.3% medium level) than …

Jefferson Digital Commons Quarterly Report: July-September 2021, Kelsey Duinkerken, Larissa Gordon, Mslis, Med, Ma

Jefferson Digital Commons Reports

This quarterly report includes:

• Articles
• Data Sets
• Dissertations
• Grand Rounds and Lectures
• JCPH Capstone Presentations
• Jefferson Research Newsletter
• Journals and Newsletters
• Posters
• What People are Saying About the Jefferson Digital Commons

Effects Of Remote Digital Monitoring On Oral Hygiene Of Orthodontic Patients: A Prospective Study, Linda Sangalli, Fabio Savoldi, Domenico Dalessandri, Stefano Bonetti, Min Gu, Alberto Signoroni, Corrado Paganelli

Oral Health Science Graduate Research

BACKGROUND: Remote digital monitoring during orthodontic treatment can help patients in improving their oral hygiene performance and reducing the number of appointments due to emergency reasons, especially in time of COVID-19 pandemic where non-urgent appointments might be discouraged.

METHODS: Thirty patients scheduled to start an orthodontic treatment were divided into two groups of fifteen. Compared to controls, study group patients were provided with scan box and cheek retractor (Dental Monitoring®) and were instructed to take monthly intra-oral scans. Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), and White Spot Lesions (WSL) were recorded for both groups at baseline (t₀), every …

Covid-19 Preparedness And The Anxiety Of Thai Citizens, Afifi Lateh, Prasopchai Pasunon, Kiflan Dolah, Panida Kongjam, Saminee Chemae, Phanupong Panomwan, Alawee Lateh

Kesmas

The outbreak of COVID-19 has brought sickness and fatality to Thai citizens. In addition, it left a tremendous psychological impact on mental health as they experienced panic and anxiety about controlling situations and preserving their physical and mental well-being. This study aimed to analyze the factors influencing COVID-19 preparedness and anxiety based on groups of Thai citizens. Online questionnaires were employed to collect data from 2,768 respondents selected through convenience sampling and snowball sampling on Facebook, having shared questionnaires with 190 other users. Data were collected from March 29 to April 3, 2020. The acquired data were analyzed using percentage …

Covid-19 And The Impact On Rural And Black Church Congregants: Results Of The C-M-C Project, Lovoria B. Williams, Anita F. Fernander, Tofial Azam, Maria L. Gomez, Junghee Kang, Cassidy L. Moody, Hannah Bowman, Nancy E. Schoenberg

Nursing Faculty Publications

The COVID-19 pandemic has had devastating effects on Black and rural populations with a mortality rate among Blacks three times that of Whites and both rural and Black populations experiencing limited access to COVID-19 resources. The primary purpose of this study was to explore the health, financial, and psychological impact of COVID-19 among rural White Appalachian and Black nonrural central Kentucky church congregants. Secondarily we sought to examine the association between sociodemographics and behaviors, attitudes, and beliefs regarding COVID-19 and intent to vaccinate. We used a cross sectional survey design developed with the constructs of the Health Belief and Theory …

Cigarette Smoke Stimulates Sars-Cov-2 Internalization By Activating Ahr And Increasing Ace2 Expression In Human Gingival Epithelial Cells, Cassio Luiz Coutinho Almeida-Da-Silva, Harmony Matshik Dakafay, Kaitlyn Liu, David M. Ojcius

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

A large body of evidence shows the harmful effects of cigarette smoke to oral and systemic health. More recently, a link between smoking and susceptibility to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was proposed. COVID-19 is due to infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which uses the receptor ACE2 and the protease TMPRSS2 for entry into host cells, thereby infecting cells of the respiratory tract and the oral cavity. Here, we examined the effects of cigarette smoke on the expression of SARS-CoV-2 receptors and infection in human gingival epithelial cells (GECs). We found that cigarette smoke condensates (CSC) upregulated …

Covid-19 Impact On Radiology Students’ Distance Learning (Summer 2021), Mary Lee, Jason Chan, Cheryann Jackson-Holmes, Renzo Marmolejo, Zoya Vinokur

Publications and Research

The Radiological Technology students have adjusted from the urgent distance learning that was enacted in the Spring of 2020, to the hybrid distance learning that is currently in place. This hybrid distance learning is the same way the incoming class of radiological technology students were taught. Both cohorts of students were tracked over the year by online anonymous surveys. We wanted to know how students were adapting to distance learning, if their focus and motivation varied over the course of the year due to changing pandemic conditions. For the students that were working, what impact did it have on their …

Tocilizumab And Covid-19: A Meta-Analysis Of 2120 Patients With Severe Disease And Implications For Clinical Trial Methodologies, Azza Sarfraz, Zouina Sarfraz, Muzna Sarfraz, Hinna Aftab, Zainab Pervaiz

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background/aim: Since the outbreak of the COVID-19, numerous therapies to counteract this severe disease have emerged. The benefits of Tocilizumab for severely infected COVID-19 patients and the methodologies of ongoing clinical trials are explored.
Materials and methods: A systematic search adhering to PRISMA guidelines was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Central, medRxiv, and bioRxiv using the following keywords: “Tocilizumab,” “Actemra,” “COVID-19.” An additional subsearch was conducted on Clinicaltrials.gov to locate ongoing tocilizumab trials.
Results: A total of 13 studies were included in the meta-analysis comprising 2120 patients. The treatment group had lower mortality compared to the control group (OR = 0.42, …

Covid-19 Pandemic Awareness, Attitudes, And Practices Among The Pakistani General Public, Rehana Rehman, Shireen Jawed, Rabiya Ali, Khola Noreen, Mukhtiar Baig, Javaria Baig

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Background: Outbreak of COVID-19, in many countries, has imposed a lockdown on their residents. The usefulness of extenuative actions is extremely reliant on society's knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) toward pandemic control.
Objective: This study aimed to explore the awareness, attitudes, and practices of the general Pakistani population to COVID-19.
Methods: From June 13, 2020, until June 30, 2020, a cross-sectional online KAP survey was conducted among the Pakistani public. For data collection, a validated self-administered questionnaire was used. The survey instrument consisted of six demographic characteristics, 14 items on knowledge, four on attitudes, and six items on practices, modified …

Opportunities To Improve Symptom Control With Somatostatin Congeners In Gep-Nets: A Review Of Key Issues, Lowell B. Anthony, Thomas M. O'Dorisio

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

Octreotide acetate (octreotide) is the most prescribed and most studied somatostatin congener, or analog, for gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) and carcinoid syndrome, the latter of which may be characterized by debilitating diarrhea and flushing. Approved in the U.S. more than 30 years ago, octreotide is widely used to control the symptoms of carcinoid syndrome and has been shown to demonstrate antiproliferative activity. The two formulations available in the U.S. include a subcutaneous immediate-release (IR) injection introduced in 1989 and a long-acting repeatable (LAR) intramuscular injection approved in 1999. Lanreotide depot (lanreotide), a more recent somatostatin congener, has been available in …

An Assessment Of Outpatient Clinic Room Ventilation Systems And Possible Relationship To Disease Transmission, Kristin G King, George L Delclos, Eric L Brown, Susan Tortolero Emery, Jose Miguel Yamal, Robert J Emery

Student and Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: With healthcare shifting to the outpatient setting, this study examined whether outpatient clinics operating in business occupancy settings were conducting procedures in rooms with ventilation rates above, at, or below thresholds defined in the American National Standards Institute/American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers/American Society for Health Care Engineering Standard 170 for Ventilation in Health Care Facilities and whether lower ventilation rates and building characteristics increase the risk of disease transmission.

METHODS: Ventilation rates were measured in 105 outpatient clinic rooms categorized by services rendered. Building characteristics were evaluated as determinants of ventilation rates, and risk of disease …

Knowledge, Protective Behaviors And Risk Perception Of Covid-19 Among Dental Students In India: A Cross-Sectional Analysis, Kavita Batra, Yashashri Urankar, Ravi Batra, Aaron F. Gomez, Meru S., Pragati Kaurani

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Objective: This study’s objective was to examine the knowledge, performance in practicing protective behaviors, and risk perception of Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) among dental students of India. Methods: A web-based cross-sectional survey was conducted from 10–30 August 2020, involving 381 dental students that were enrolled at the Uttaranchal Dental and Medical Research Institute in India. A web-based structured questionnaire assessed the COVID-19 related knowledge, protective behaviors, and risk perception performance. The independent-samples-t and analysis of variance tests were used to analyze the differences in knowledge, protective behaviors, and perception across the groups. Results: Of the dental students surveyed, 83% had adequate …

Oral Manifestations Of Covid-19, Ibeth Erazo

Publications and Research

Some oral manifestations have been observed in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, there is still a question about whether these lesions are due to coronavirus infection or secondary manifestations resulting from patient's stress, medications, and/or other related immunosuppressive factors and systemic conditions or by the actions of opportunistic infections brought by other viruses, bacteria, and fungi in the oral cavity. There is growing evidence that angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the main host cell receptor of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is highly expressed on the cells of the oral mucosal epithelia and of the salivary glands, …

Covid-19: What About Dentists?, Hania Alameddine, Julien Issa, Nayer Aboelsaad

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

Coronavirus (COVID-19) has been associated with person-to-person transmission. This includes droplets inhalation, exposure to saliva, and contact with the oral or nasal mucosa. The World Health Organization (WHO) made it public that the novel coronavirus initiated an international public health emergency. COVID-19 cases are rising up until this day, as of End-April 2021, around 141 million confirmed cases and 3 million deaths were reported worldwide. Due to the characteristics of dental clinics, dental health care personnel are at a higher risk of getting exposed to the COVID-19 infection. Thus, there is an urgent need to improve the current implemented recommendations …

An Evaluation Of The Effectiveness Of A Unique Patient Experience Response Program That Provided Virtual, Visual And Emotional Connectivity To Patients And Families During The Covid-19 Crisis, Diane Burshtein, Donna Powers

Patient Experience Journal

In April 2020, the New York State Department of Health issued guidelines regarding suspension of hospital visitation due to coronavirus disease 2019 to protect staff and patients and prevent spread of the virus. Recognizing that patients would need extraordinary emotional support as they faced this frightening journey, two hospitals from a health system in the national epicenter provided avenues to bridge gaps in connectedness and communication. Our program provided virtual, visual and emotional connectivity by utilizing repurposed staff to serve as patient experience ambassadors. This program reduced the burden on clinical staff while preventing furlough. A descriptive correlational study …

Us Immigrants’ Experiences With The Covid-19 Pandemic- Findings From Online Focus Groups, Awele Maduka-Ezeh, Ikwesilotuto T. Ezeh, Benjamin E. Bagozzi, Jennifer A. Horney, Somawina Nwegbu, Joseph E. Trainor

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Objective:

Immigrants in the United States (US) are disproportionately affected by disasters. Yet the effects of one type of disaster—pandemics—have been underexplored in this regard. The purpose of this study was to better understand these effects, with specific attention to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on US immigrants and their social networks.

Design:

Forty-five US immigrants (aged 18 and above) participated across eight online focus groups during spring 2020. Using “criterion of inclusion” sampling, participants were recruited via gatekeeper and snowball sampling methods. Anonymity was maintained throughout all online focus group sessions. Discussions were transcribed and then categorized into …

Impact Of Covid-19 On Healthcare Labor Market In The United States: Lower Paid Workers Experienced Higher Vulnerability And Slower Recovery, Neeraj Bhandari, Kavita Batra, Soumya Upadhyay, Christopher Cochran

Healthcare Administration & Policy Faculty Publications

The resilience of the healthcare industry, often considered recession-proof, is being tested by the COVID-19 induced reductions in physical mobility and restrictions on elective and non-emergent medical procedures. We assess early COVID-19 effects on the dynamics of decline and recovery in healthcare labor markets in the United States. Descriptive analyses with monthly cross-sectional data on unemployment rates, employment, labor market entry/exit, and weekly work hours among healthcare workers in each healthcare industry and occupation, using the Current Population Survey from July 2019−2020 were performed. We found that unemployment rates increased dramatically for all healthcare industries, with the strongest early impacts …

Covid-19 And Visual Disability: Can’T Look And Now Don’T Touch, John-Ross Rizzo, Mahya Beheshti, Yi Fang, Steven Flanagan, Nicholas A. Giudice

Teaching, Learning & Research Documents

Article provides a scientific explanation for pandemic-related challenges blind and visually impaired (BVI) people experience. These challenges include spatial cognition, nonvisual information access, and environmental perception. Also offers promising technical solutions for the above challenges.

Evaluating Patient And Provider Satisfaction With The Use Of Telemedicine For Pediatric Pre-Anesthetic Assessment During The Covid-19 Pandemic, A. Campos, R. Taneja, A. Melwani, C. Challa, C. Vazquez-Colon, J. Cronin, S. Rana, G. Geng-Ramos

GW Research Showcase 2021-2024

No abstract provided.

Jefferson Digital Commons Quarterly Report: January-March 2021, Kelsey Duinkerken, Msi, Larissa Gordon, Mslis, Med, Ma

Jefferson Digital Commons Reports

This quarterly report includes:

• Articles
• Dissertations
• Grand Rounds and Lectures
• JCPH Capstone Presentations
• Journals and Newsletters
• Know Diabetes by Heart Meetings
• Library Resources
• MPH COVID-19 Infographics
• Posters
• Scholarly Inquiry Graphics
• The Big in Big Data Symposium
• What People are Saying About the Jefferson Digital Commons