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Sleep Timing And Neurocognitive Networks In Youth, Aneesh Hehr, Edward Huntley, Hilary A. Marusak
Sleep Timing And Neurocognitive Networks In Youth, Aneesh Hehr, Edward Huntley, Hilary A. Marusak
Medical Student Research Symposium
Sleep timing, particularly later midpoint of sleep, has been linked to emotion dysregulation and psychopathology. Prior adult studies link poor sleep (e.g., shorter duration, later midpoint), to altered resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) within and between key neurocognitive networks, particularly the default mode network (DMN), which is involved in internal thought and rumination. Importantly, many psychiatric disorders begin during adolescence, a period of shifted sleep schedules. We explored associations between midpoint of sleep and rs-FC of the DMN and other core neurocognitive networks in youth. Sleep timing was measured in 3,798 youth (11.9±0.6 years, 47.5% female) from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive …
Multi-Year School-Based Implementation And Student Outcomes Of An Evidence-Based Risk Reduction Intervention, Bo Wang, Bonita Stanton, Lynette Deveaux, Sonja Lunn, Glenda Rolle, Richard Adderley, Maxwell Poitier, Veronica Koci, Sharon Marshall, Perry Gomez
Multi-Year School-Based Implementation And Student Outcomes Of An Evidence-Based Risk Reduction Intervention, Bo Wang, Bonita Stanton, Lynette Deveaux, Sonja Lunn, Glenda Rolle, Richard Adderley, Maxwell Poitier, Veronica Koci, Sharon Marshall, Perry Gomez
FMPHS Faculty Publications
Background
Intervention effects observed in efficacy trials are rarely replicated when the interventions are broadly disseminated, underscoring the need for more information about factors influencing real-life implementation and program impact. Using data from the ongoing national implementation of an evidence-based HIV prevention program [Focus on Youth in The Caribbean (FOYC)] in The Bahamas, this study examines factors influencing teachers’ patterns of implementation, the impact of teachers’ initial implementation of FOYC, and subsequent delivery of the booster sessions on students’ outcomes.
Methods
Data were collected from the 80 government elementary and 34 middle schools between 2011 and 2014, involving 208 grade …
Middle School And High School Students Who Stutter: A Qualitative Investigation Of School Experiences, Tiffany Cobb
Middle School And High School Students Who Stutter: A Qualitative Investigation Of School Experiences, Tiffany Cobb
Wayne State University Dissertations
ABSTRACT
MIDDLE SCHOOL AND HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS WHO STUTTER: A QUALITATIVE INVESTIGATION OF SCHOOL EXPERIENCES
by
TIFFANY COBB
MAY 2017
Advisor: Dr. Derek Daniels
Major: Speech-Language Pathology
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore and further understand the ways in which middle school and high school students perceive their school experiences within the school environment.
School has an important impact on the social development of children (Milsom, 2006). Learning is not done individually as classrooms are inherently social places. This suggests that students do not learn alone, but rather in the presence of many …
Metabolic Syndrome In Obese African American Adolescents, Yulyu Yeh
Metabolic Syndrome In Obese African American Adolescents, Yulyu Yeh
Wayne State University Dissertations
Limited research regarding metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been conducted in obese African American adolescents (OAAA) using the International Diabetes Federation IDF criteria. MetS is a constellation of risk factors that increase the risk for chronic diseases and is defined as presence of any 3 or more of the 5 criteria: fasting glucose 100mg/dl, waist circumference 90th percentile, triglycerides 150 mg/dl, blood pressure (BP) 130/85 mmHg and HDL < 40mg/dl. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of MetS in OAAA by using the IDF criteria and the relationship with diet, fast food consumption, nutrition knowledge, home food environment (HFE), and serum calcium, leptin, 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D (1, 25 D3) levels. One hundred and fifty one OAAA (mean age: 14.3 ± 1.4 years, 65.6% girls, mean BMI: 37.4±7.2 kg/m2) in a metropolitan area took part in this study. Anthropometric data and fasting blood samples were collected. Participants completed a set of questionnaires regarding diet, fast food consumption, and nutrition knowledge. HFE was completed by the care givers. The MetS rate for OAAA was 61.6% and boys had higher MetS than girls (73.1%, 55.6% respectively). OAAA without MetS had higher serum calcium and 1,25 D3 level but no significant difference were found in food consumption, nutrition knowledge, and HFE. Total cholesterol /HDL ratio and Insulin resistance increased the odds of MetS by 55% and 10% and 1,25 D3 decrease the odds of MetS by 2%. Even though high fast food consumption, lack of nutrition knowledge and poor food environment were negatively associated with obesity, they didn't contribute to MetS. Increase serum vitamin D and calcium level might be beneficial to reduce MetS in OAAA population.
Social Goals In Urban Physical Education: Relationships With Effort And Disruptive Behavior, Alex C. Garn, Nate Mccaughtry, Bo Shen, Jeffrey J. Martin, Mariane Fahlman
Social Goals In Urban Physical Education: Relationships With Effort And Disruptive Behavior, Alex C. Garn, Nate Mccaughtry, Bo Shen, Jeffrey J. Martin, Mariane Fahlman
Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies
This study investigated the relationships among four distinct types of social goals, effort, and disruptive behavior in urban physical education. Social responsibility, affiliation, recognition, status goals, along with effort and disruptive behavior in physical education were reported by high school physical education students (N = 314) from three urban schools. Findings from correlation and structural equa- tion modeling analyses revealed that social responsibility goals had a positive relationship with effort and an inverse relationship with disruptive behavior. Social status goals demonstrated a positive relationship with disruptive behavior and no relationship with effort. Social recognition goal results were mixed, as …
Perceived Familial Socialization And Ethnic Identity: Factors Associated With Physical Activity, Eating Behavior Patterns, And Social Physique Anxiety In African American Middle Adolescents, Nutrena H. Tate
Wayne State University Dissertations
Purpose: African American adolescents experience higher rates of obesity and have an increased risk of obesity related diseases than Caucasian American adolescents. Despite culturally sensitive obesity preventive interventions, obesity rates are increasing within the African American adolescent population. Current obesity interventions claim to be culturally sensitive, but do not address how ethnic identity and parental influences on body image and body change may affect the efficacy of the interventions. The purpose of this study was to examine the sociocultural factors related to weight behaviors and cognitions in African American adolescents. Differences based on socioeconomic status (SES), gender, and residential status …
Associations Of Trauma, Nightmares, And Quality Of Life In Urban African American Adolescents, Barbara Peterson
Associations Of Trauma, Nightmares, And Quality Of Life In Urban African American Adolescents, Barbara Peterson
Wayne State University Dissertations
Purpose: Exposure to trauma in youth is pervasive particularly among urban, African American teens. Nightmares are considered a hallmark symptom of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and are associated with poor sleep quality and poor quality of life in adults. Research about nightmares in adolescents is lacking, and these relations have not been previously examined. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among nightmare frequency, nightmare distress, PTSD severity, sleep quality, and quality of life in teens.
Theory: The Roy Adaptation Model was used to conceptualize nightmares as focal stimuli reducing adaptation in teens. Nightmares may heighten memories …
Jordanian Adolescent Cannabis Use: Patterns, Risks, And Protective Factors, Sukaina A. Alzyoud
Jordanian Adolescent Cannabis Use: Patterns, Risks, And Protective Factors, Sukaina A. Alzyoud
Wayne State University Dissertations
ABSTRACT
JORDANIAN ADOLESCENT CANNABIS USE:
PATTERNS, RISKS, AND PROTECTIVE FACTORS
by
SUKAINA ALZYOUD
Month, 2010
Advisor: Dr. Stephanie Schim
Major: Nursing
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy
Background: Cannabis is considered to be the most commonly used substances worldwide. Its use is not only common among adolescents but is increasing in developing countries such as Jordan. Cannabis use among adolescents has been linked to unintentional injuries, physical fights, academic problems, and illegal behavior such as driving under the influence. Studies of cannabis use patterns, risks, and protective factors are limited in developing countries. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine …