Digital Commons Network^™

Pelvic Infection Caused By Periodontitis: A Case Report, Cuihong Tian, Hongle Yan, Ping Tang, Jinqiu Shi, Maolian Liang, Yanyan Wan, Weiping Li, Xizhuo Sun, Chenglu Qin

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Oral bacteria in patients with periodontitis can disseminate into the bloodstream via broken oral epithelial cells, causing odontogenic maxillofacial infections, brain abscesses and endocarditis. However, pelvic infection caused by periodontitis is rare. The case of a 48-year-old woman with a long history of recurrent periodontal infections, who complained of abdominal distention and pain for 14 days after dental implantation, is reported here. Pelvic ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging signaled multiple inflammatory encapsulated effusions in the posterior uterus, which were removed by laparoscopic surgery and tested with metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). Through mNGS, numerous oral pathogens, including Filifactor alocis, were identified …

Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Β Cells: Truly Immature Islet Β Cells For Type 1 Diabetes Therapy?, Helen Jiang, Fang-Xu Jiang

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

A century has passed since the Nobel Prize winning discovery of insulin, which still remains the mainstay treatment for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) to this day. True to the words of its discoverer Sir Frederick Banting, “insulin is not a cure for diabetes, it is a treatment”, millions of people with T1DM are dependent on daily insulin medications for life. Clinical donor islet transplantation has proven that T1DM is curable, however due to profound shortages of donor islets, it is not a mainstream treatment option for T1DM. Human pluripotent stem cell derived insulin-secreting cells, pervasively known as stem cell-derived …

A Cross-Sectional Evaluation Of The Food Environment At An Australian University Campus, Daisy H. Coyle, Laura Sanavio, Eden Barrett, Liping Huang, Kristy K. Law, Pabasha Nanayakkara, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Merita O’Connell, Belinda Meggitt, Carrie Tsai, Simone Pettigrew, Jason H. Y. Wu

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

University food environments have a strong influence on the dietary choices of students and staff. The aim of this study was to assess the food environment at a large university in Sydney, Australia. Data were collected between March and July 2022 from 27 fixed food outlets and 24 vending machines. The healthiness of the food environment was evaluated using the Healthy Food and Drink in NSW Health Facilities for Staff and Visitors Framework (‘Framework’), which assesses food environment parameters including the availability, placement, and promotion of ‘Everyday’ (healthy) and ‘Occasional’ (less healthy) products. Each parameter was evaluated overall and across …

Association Between Classes And Subclasses Of Polyphenol Intake And 5-Year Body Weight Changes In The Epic-Panacea Study, Jazmin Castañeda, Mercedes Gil-Lespinard, Enrique Almanza-Aguilera, Fjorida Llaha, Jesús-Humberto Gómez, Nicola Bondonno, Anne Tjønneland, Kim Overvad, Verena Katzke, Matthias B. Schulze, Giovanna Masala, Claudia Agnoli, Maria Santucci De Magistris, Rosario Tumino, Carlotta Sacerdote, Guri Skeie, Magritt Brustad, Cristina Lasheras, Esther Molina-Montes, María-Dolores Chirlaque, Aurelio Barricarte, Emily Sonestedt, Marisa Da Silva, Ingegerd Johansson, Johan Hultdin, Anne M. May

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations among the intake of total polyphenols, polyphenol classes, and polyphenol subclasses and body weight change over 5 years. Methods: A total of 349,165 men and women aged 25 to 70 years were recruited in the Physical Activity, Nutrition, Alcohol, Cessation of Smoking, Eating Out of Home and Obesity (PANACEA) project of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort from nine European countries. Body weight was measured at baseline and at follow-up after a median time of 5 years. Polyphenol intake, including four main polyphenol classes and …

A Co-Designed Health Information System Implementation Into Residential Aged Care: A Mixed-Method Evaluation, Kasia Bail, Eamon Merrick, Diane Gibson, Alicia Hind, Karen Strickland, Bernice Redley

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Introduction: Internationally, the adoption of technology into residential aged care settings has been slow and fraught with multiple challenges for residents, staff and service providers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acceptability, efficiency, and quality of health information system implementation into aged care. Methods: Three-stage, mixed-methods participatory action research, concurrent with the natural experiment of a co-designed health information system implementation into a 169-bed aged care home in Australia. Data were collected pre-, during, and post implementation between 2019 and 2021. Qualitative data included focus groups, interviews, and observations. Quantitative data included work observations, pedometers, record audits, …

The Clinical Suitability Of An Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Pain Assessment Tool For Use In Infants: Feasibility And Usability Evaluation Study, Jeffery David Hughes, Paola Chivers, Kreshnik Hoti

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Infants are unable to self-report their pain, which, therefore, often goes underrecognized and undertreated. Adequate assessment of pain, including procedural pain, which has short- and long-term consequences, is critical for its management. The introduction of mobile health–based (mHealth) pain assessment tools could address current challenges and is an area requiring further research. Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the accuracy and feasibility aspects of PainChek Infant and, therefore, assess its applicability in the intended setting. Methods: By observing infants just before, during, and after immunization, we evaluated the accuracy and precision at different cutoff scores of …

Motor Cortical Excitability And Pre-Supplementary Motor Area Neurochemistry In Healthy Adults With Substantia Nigra Hyperechogenicity, Gabrielle Todd, Caroline D. Rae, Janet L. Taylor, Nigel C. Rogasch, Jane E. Butler, Michael Hayes, Robert A. Wilcox, Simon C. Gandevia, Karl Aoun, Adrian Esterman, Simon J. G. Lewis, Julie M. Hall, Elie Matar, Jana Godau, Daniela Berg, Christian Plewnia, Anna-Katharina Von Thaler, Clarence Chiang, Kay L. Double

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Substantia nigra (SN) hyperechogenicity, viewed with transcranial ultrasound, is a risk marker for Parkinson's disease. We hypothesized that SN hyperechogenicity in healthy adults aged 50 – 70 years is associated with reduced short-interval intracortical inhibition in primary motor cortex, and that the reduced intracortical inhibition is associated with neurochemical markers of activity in the pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA). Short-interval intracortical inhibition and intracortical facilitation in primary motor cortex was assessed with paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation in 23 healthy adults with normal (n = 14; 61 ± 7 yrs) or abnormally enlarged (hyperechogenic; n = 9; 60 ± 6 yrs) area …

Covid-19 In Western Australia: ‘The Last Straw’ And Hopes For A ‘New Normal’ For Parents Of Children With Long-Term Conditions, Stephanie Smith, Mary Tallon, James Smith, Lauren Jones, Evalotte Mörelius

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Children with long-term conditions are vulnerable due to the treatments required for their conditions. Since the start of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, Western Australians experienced restrictions that changed daily life activities but were able to return to some of their previous routines due to the restrictions. Aim: The study explored the stress experiences of parents caring for children with long-term conditions during COVID-19 in Western Australia. Design and Participants: The study was codesigned with a parent representative caring for children with long-term conditions to ensure essential questions were targeted. Twelve parents of children with various long-term conditions …

Overview Of Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Health Status 2022, Australian Indigenous Healthinfonet, Neil Drew, Ashleigh Parnell, Christine Potter, Miranda Poynton, Hannah Tarrant

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The main purpose of the Overview of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health status (Overview) is to provide a comprehensive summary of the most recent indicators of the health and current health status of Australia’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. The Overview has been prepared by HealthInfoNet staff as part of our contribution to supporting those who work in the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health sector. The Overview is a key indicator of the HealthInfoNet’s commitment to authentic and engaged knowledge development and exchange. The initial sections of this Overview provide information about the context of Aboriginal and …

Summary Of Gynaecological Cancer Among Aboriginal And/Or Torres Strait Islander People In Australia, Australian Indigenous Healthinfonet

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

This publication, in plain language, is based on information presented in the Review of gynaecological cancer among Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people in Australia (2023). This short, visual report summarises the key findings and concepts from the review to provide a holistic picture of gynaecological cancer among Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander women. It is a quick source of information covering:

• the social, cultural and historical contexts that contribute to inequitable gynaecological cancer rates among Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander women
• the extent of gynaecological cancer, specifically cervical cancer, ovarian cancer and uterine cancer, including the incidence, mortality, …

Patient Navigation Across The Cancer Care Continuum: An Overview Of Systematic Reviews And Emerging Literature, Raymond J. Chan, Vivienne E. Milch, Fiona Crawford-Williams, Oluwaseyifunmi A. Agbejule, Ria Joseph, Jolyn Johal, Narayanee Dick, Matthew P. Wallen, Julie Ratcliffe, Anupriya Agarwal, Larissa Nekhlyudov, Matthew Tieu, Manaf Al-Momani, Scott Turnbull, Rahul Sathiaraj, Dorothy Keefe, Nicolas H. Hart

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Patient navigation is a strategy for overcoming barriers to reduce disparities and to improve access and outcomes. The aim of this umbrella review was to identify, critically appraise, synthesize, and present the best available evidence to inform policy and planning regarding patient navigation across the cancer continuum. Systematic reviews examining navigation in cancer care were identified in the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, Embase, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health (CINAHL), Epistemonikos, and Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) databases and in the gray literature from January 1, 2012, to April 19, 2022. Data were screened, …

Principles And Philosophies For Speech And Language Therapists Working With People With Primary Progressive Aphasia: An International Expert Consensus, A. Volkmer, J. Cartwright, L. Ruggero, A. Beales, J. Gallée, S. Grasso, M. Henry, R. Jokel, J. Kindell, R. Khayum, M. Pozzebon, E. Rochon, C. Taylor-Rubin, R. Townsend, F. Walker, S. Beeke, Deborah Hersh

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Purpose:

Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a language-led dementia associated with Alzheimer’s pathology and fronto-temporal lobar degeneration. Multiple tailored speech and language interventions have been developed for people with PPA. Speech and language therapists/speech-language pathologists (SLT/Ps) report lacking confidence in identifying the most pertinent interventions options relevant to their clients living with PPA during their illness trajectory.

Materials and methods:

The aim of this study was to establish a consensus amongst 15 clinical-academic SLT/Ps on best practice in selection and delivery of speech and language therapy interventions for people with PPA. An online nominal group technique (NGT) and consequent focus …

Surgical Peri-Implantitis Treatment With And Without Guided Bone Regeneration. A Randomized Controlled Trial, Lisa J. A. Heitz-Mayfield, Fritz Heitz, Bernard Koong, Tom Huang, Paola Chivers

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of reconstructive peri-implantitis treatment. Materials and Methods: Forty participants, with peri-implantitis and a contained intraosseous defect, were randomized to access flap (control) or access flap with xenograft and collagen membrane (test). All received systemic antimicrobials. Blinded examiners recorded probing depths (PD), bleeding and suppuration on probing (BOP & SOP), soft tissue levels, and marginal bone levels (MBL) at baseline and 12 months. Patient reported outcomes were recorded. The primary outcome was PD change. Results: All 40 participants (40 implants) completed the 12-month study. The mean (standard deviation) PD reduction (deepest site) was 4.2 (1.8) mm …