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Articles 1 - 15 of 15
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The Sociocultural Significance Of Maine's Oyster Based On Media Coverage Analysis, Syeira Clark
The Sociocultural Significance Of Maine's Oyster Based On Media Coverage Analysis, Syeira Clark
Honors College
Throughout the last decade, the oyster aquaculture industry in Maine has boomed, with 6 million pounds of oysters being harvested in 2021, about the amount that was harvested in 2016 (Cough, 2022). According to the founders of the Maine Oyster Trail, there are over 150 oyster farms currently operating on Maine’s coast, which is about twice as many as there were in 2016 (Maine Sea Grant). With this boom in the industry has come a wave of opportunity, as well as news coverage about the shellfish. This study examines the socio-cultural significance to the state of Maine. While the oyster …
Coral Restoration: Comparisons In Space, Time, Impacts, And Costs, Allison Fargo
Coral Restoration: Comparisons In Space, Time, Impacts, And Costs, Allison Fargo
Honors College
Seventy-five percent of coral reefs globally face crisis due to anthropogenic disturbances, prompting heightened global coral restoration initiatives to preserve these vital ecosystems. Various regions employ diverse active coral restoration methodologies, including coral gardening, transplantation, micro-fragmentation, artificial reefs, and sexual propagation. Of these methods, coral gardening stands out as one of the most common and highly successful methods, alongside widespread transplantation practices. Restoration efforts predominantly focus on acroporids due to their relatively rapid growth and asexual fragmentation; however, a diverse range of coral species, including large, slow-growing varieties, is also employed in these endeavors. Costs vary significantly, ranging from $10,000 …
Behavioral Interactions Between Spotted-Wing Drosophila (Drosophila Suzukii) And It's Parasitoid The Samba Wasp (Ganaspis Brasiliensis), Dominic Crowley
Behavioral Interactions Between Spotted-Wing Drosophila (Drosophila Suzukii) And It's Parasitoid The Samba Wasp (Ganaspis Brasiliensis), Dominic Crowley
Honors College
Past research has found that female Drosophila generally decrease their reproductive output in response to exposure to predators, including parasitoid wasps. However, no studies on behavioral changes induced by the endoparasitic wasp Ganaspis brasiliensis have been documented in the literature. G. brasiliensis has been identified as a biocontrol agent candidate against D. suzukii, with field trials currently underway across the contiguous United States. In this thesis, two experiments were performed: a behavioral observation assay measuring reproductive behaviors and an oviposition assay, a measure of reproductive activity. Female D. suzukii exposed to G. brasiliensis were observed to have depressed oviposition, producing …
A Study Of The Current State Of Providing Fruits And Vegetables In Maine's Middle Schools, Renee Pickard
A Study Of The Current State Of Providing Fruits And Vegetables In Maine's Middle Schools, Renee Pickard
Honors College
In this research study, I analyzed the nutrition of school lunches in Maine’s public and private middle schools. Proper nutrition is a vital component for not only the physical development but the intellectual and academic performance of children, particularly those entering the early stages of puberty. More specifically, nutrients, such as vitamin C, potassium, and folic acid, provided in fruits and vegetables increase immunity, manage blood pressure, and support cell growth and function (Brown, 2017). I conducted this research to determine if Maine’s schools are currently meeting the state and federal guidelines overseen by the United States Department of Agriculture …
An Examination Of The Social And Ecological Risk Factors For Lyme Disease Exposure Amon High School Students In Penobscot County, Maine, Willow Throckmorton-Hansford
An Examination Of The Social And Ecological Risk Factors For Lyme Disease Exposure Amon High School Students In Penobscot County, Maine, Willow Throckmorton-Hansford
Honors College
The intertwining effects of biological and social factors recently have led to a dramatic increase in Lyme disease cases in Maine. These factors include environmental exposure to ticks, a lack of knowledge of prevention measures against ticks, and an increasing population of blacklegged ticks throughout the state. High school students have seldom been used as a group of interest involving Lyme disease prevention research, yet they may be exposed to ticks while engaging in extracurricular activities, outdoor recreation, and in-class lessons that occur outdoors. In addition, social and ecological factors contributing to this issue have never been investigated in tandem …
Extraction And Characterization Of Antifungal Compounds Produced By Lowbush Blueberry Plants In Response To Monilinia Vaccinii-Corymbosi Infection, Sophia Suriano
Honors College
Maine’s wild blueberries are a vital economic and ecological resource for growers, consumers, and researchers alike. Fungal diseases like Monilinia vacciniicorymbosi (MVC) reduce the yield of berries from infected plants by killing plant tissues and damaging fruit. Understanding what blueberry plants use to defend themselves against fungal pathogens can give a greater insight into increasing plant immunity as a whole. This project aims to better understand the wild blueberry antifungal defense response. I extracted bioactive compounds from the healthy leaves of low severity and high severity disease-affected plants and separated the molecules with thin layer chromatography (TLC). Aspergillus sp. acted …
Evaluation Of An Adaptive Sampling Approach To Characterize Microbes Associated With Pneumonia In White-Tailed Deer, Claire Nowak
Evaluation Of An Adaptive Sampling Approach To Characterize Microbes Associated With Pneumonia In White-Tailed Deer, Claire Nowak
Honors College
Infectious diseases have a tremendous global impact, adversely affecting the health and well-being of humans, domestic livestock, and wildlife. Consequently, pathogen surveillance in wild animals is essential for managing the risk of disease transmission to humans and domesticated animals, as well as for understanding host-pathogen interactions. However, pathogen detection methods are often focused on one to a few pathogen species, which limits our understanding of the distributions and effects of multiple co-infecting pathogens on host individuals and populations. In this study, I employed a metagenomic sequencing approach to (1) characterize the microbial community in a white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus …
Effects Of Lobster Shell Meal As A Soil Amendment On Verticillium Wilt And Potato Growth, Ross Sousa
Effects Of Lobster Shell Meal As A Soil Amendment On Verticillium Wilt And Potato Growth, Ross Sousa
Honors College
Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) are the most valuable crop in the state of Maine. Despite the crop’s success in the state, potato growers still face the challenges of various abiotic and biotic stresses, including diseases such as potato early dying, caused by the soilborne fungal pathogen, Verticillium dahliae. The disease has been controlled by soil fumigation and fungicides. As an alternative method, organic byproducts, such as lobster shell meal (LSM) or compost, can be used. The benefit of using LSM is thought to occur through the promotion of beneficial chitinolytic soil microbes which can degrade LSM. The derivatives …
Comprehensive Overview Of Causative Agents Of Alzheimer's Disease: Tau Protein And Amyloid Betas With Their Biochemical Pathways And Proposed Treatments Including Cost Analysis, Ethan Johnson
Honors College
Alzheimer’s is a neurodegenerative disease found within the brain, interfering with neuron function, eventually leading to widespread atrophy. The disease effects millions of Americans with neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid beta plaques, both protein deposits with unclear causes. The goal for this thesis was not only to understand how these proteins form but how to safely interfere with their production. This was completed by a comprehensive overview of the form of the buildups and their precursors, tau proteins and amyloid beta precursor protein, respectively. An emphasis was put on the molecular biology and genetic causes of the amyloids rather than the …
Developing Durable Health Promotion: The Connections Between Exercise Setting And Adherence To Exercise In College-Aged Women, Tara Flubacher
Developing Durable Health Promotion: The Connections Between Exercise Setting And Adherence To Exercise In College-Aged Women, Tara Flubacher
Honors College
No abstract provided.
Expression Of The Rag-1 Gene In Larval Yellowtail Kingfish, Gabriella Peluso
Expression Of The Rag-1 Gene In Larval Yellowtail Kingfish, Gabriella Peluso
Honors College
Aquaculture has taken over from capture fisheries as a primary global provider of seafood products. Seriola lalandi, or Yellowtail kingfish, has become a species of interest, as it is a fish notable for its marketability and culinary desirability. With the expansion of aquaculture and the increased amount of high-level operating facilities comes an increased risk of disease outbreaks. There are methods commonly used within these facilities for disease control, including incorporating nutritional feeds into the fishes’ diets, safe husbandry practices, and vaccinations. While these methods can be effective, they have caveats that must be considered. Adequate diets and improved …
I Ain't Afraid Of No Crab: Intertidal Gastropod Littorina Littorea Behavioral Response To Predation Risk By Carcinus Maenas, Isabelle Erin Smy
I Ain't Afraid Of No Crab: Intertidal Gastropod Littorina Littorea Behavioral Response To Predation Risk By Carcinus Maenas, Isabelle Erin Smy
Honors College
Littorina littorea is an intertidal, invasive gastropod species common in the Gulf of Maine. In this paper, I studied the avoidance and risk-reducing behavioral responses of L. littorea to predation risk by invasive crustacean species Carcinus maenas. Avoidance and risk-reducing behavior in this study are defined by the tendency to move towards the edge and out of a simulated tide pool and the tendency to reduce feeding. The goal of this study was to determine whether the exposure to chemical cues of predators resulted in an increase in avoidance behavior, risk-reducing behavior, and a reduction in the time before the …
Characterization Of Manganese-Induced Neurodegenration In C. Elegans Treated With Winterberry Leaf Extract, Brendan Moline
Characterization Of Manganese-Induced Neurodegenration In C. Elegans Treated With Winterberry Leaf Extract, Brendan Moline
Honors College
Neurodegeneration is a condition present in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) in which the cells of the nervous system experience loss of function and death. Around the world, each year PD and AD affect 6.2 million and 29.8 million people, respectively, with the exact causes remaining unknown. Manganese (Mn) is a transition metal which is essential for human survival in trace concentrations. However, overexposure to Mn can induce neurodegeneration through the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and the eventual onset of oxidative stress. An extract produced from winterberry leaves (Ilex verticillata) exhibits antioxidant properties as it has been …
Lethal And Sublethal Effects Of Beauveria Bassiana On Maine Ticks Across Soil Ph, Alexander Mahar
Lethal And Sublethal Effects Of Beauveria Bassiana On Maine Ticks Across Soil Ph, Alexander Mahar
Honors College
Ticks are obligate parasite arthropods that are becoming increasingly common in northern regions of the United States. Ticks such as the black-legged tick (Ixodes scapularis) and the American dog tick (Dermacentor variabilis) are vectors for pathogens that cause a wide range of diseases, and as these ticks increase their exposure to humans, the diseases they transmit become more prevalent. This upward trend in cases of tick-borne illnesses has necessitated the pursuit of tick control methods that can be used across the diverse environments that are present in tick habitat ranges. One such control method is the fungal biological control, Beauveria …
Evaluating Edna Metabarcoding As A Mic-Roe-Scopic Net To Catch Salmon Pathogens, Noah Burby
Evaluating Edna Metabarcoding As A Mic-Roe-Scopic Net To Catch Salmon Pathogens, Noah Burby
Honors College
Wild Atlantic salmon in the Gulf of Maine (GOM) is a Distinct Population Segment (DPS) that has been listed since 2000 as endangered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The current challenge is year-over-year decreases in the number of mature salmon returning to the Penobscot River for reproduction. Early detection of pathogen presence could allow for the identification of infection and the application of corrective measures. Environmental DNA (eDNA) is simply DNA that is collected from environmental samples (e.g., water, air, and soils), which consists of whole microorganisms and genetic …