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Racial Disparity In Cardiovascular Disease And Oxidative Stress In African American Women, Auburn L. Johnson
Racial Disparity In Cardiovascular Disease And Oxidative Stress In African American Women, Auburn L. Johnson
Kinesiology Theses
Several studies have demonstrated that African Americans (AA) exhibit elevations in systemic oxidative stress compared to Caucasian Americans (CA). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) have been identified as one of the primary contributors to systemic reactive oxygen species (i.e. oxidative stress) via the NADPH enzyme pathway and may be an underlying mechanism for the development of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Previous work demonstrates that young healthy AA men have elevated PBMC-derived superoxide production when compared to CA men. However, whether PBMC-derived superoxide production is also elevated in young healthy AA women remains unknown. Accordingly, this study investigated PBMC-derived superoxide production …
Skeletal Muscle Oxidative Capacity In The Elderly, Susie Chung
Skeletal Muscle Oxidative Capacity In The Elderly, Susie Chung
Kinesiology Theses
Age is the greatest risk factor for chronic disease and is associated with a marked decline in functional capacity and quality of life, with loss of skeletal muscle function regarded as a key contributing factor. While the exact mechanism(s) for the loss of skeletal muscle function remains incompletely understood, age-related mitochondrial dysfunction is thought to play a major role. To explore this question further, we studied 15 independently-living seniors (age: 72 ± 5 yrs; m/f: 4/11; BMI: 27.6 ± 5.9) and 17 young volunteers (age: 25 ± 4 years; m/f: 8/9; BMI: 24.0 ± 3.3). Skeletal muscle oxidative function was …
The Effect Of Acute High Phosphate Intake On Muscle Metaboreflex Activation And Vascular Function, Brandi Yong Stephens
The Effect Of Acute High Phosphate Intake On Muscle Metaboreflex Activation And Vascular Function, Brandi Yong Stephens
Kinesiology Theses
Emerging evidence suggests that long term high consumption of inorganic phosphate (Pi) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Importantly, with the growing abundance of processed foods, dietary intake of Pi in the United States has doubled the daily-recommended allowance. Recently, Mizuno et al. demonstrated that chronic high dietary Pi consumption results in significantly exaggerated increases in mean arterial pressure (MAP) in response to exercise and muscle metaboreflex activation in rodents. Whether acute high Pi influences MAP responses in humans remains unknown. Notably, acute high Pi consumption has been shown to impair vascular function in healthy men, but …