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Pengaruh Latihan Squat Menggunakan Free Weight Dan Gym Machine Terhadap Kekuatan, Power, Dan Hypertrophy Otot, Lia Karina Mansur, Joko Pekik Irianto, Mansur Mansur

Jurnal Keolahragaan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh latihan squat menggunakan free weight dan gym machine terhadap kekuatan, power, dan hypertrophy otot; dan menguji perbedaan pengaruh latihan squat menggunakan free weight dan gym machine terhadap kekuatan, power, dan hypertrophy otot. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan desain two group pretest-posttest design. Sampel dalam penelitian ini dipilih berdasarkan teknik random sampling berjumlah 32 orang. Instrumen untuk mengukur kekuatan menggunakan back and leg dynamometer merk Takei buatan Jepang. Instrumen untuk mengukur power menggunakan Jump Duration of Fright (JDF) seri TKK 5114 buatan Jepang, satuan sentimeter. Instrumen untuk mengukur lingkar otot paha …

Visual And Somatosensory Contributions To Infant Sitting Postural Control, Anastasia Kyvelidou, Nicholas Stergiou

Journal Articles

There are a limited number of studies that have investigated sitting posture during infancy and the contribution of the sensory systems. The goal of this study was to examine the effects of altered visual and somatosensory signals on infant sitting postural control. Thirteen infants (mean age ± SD, 259.69 ± 16.88 days) participated in the study. Initially, a single physical therapist performed the Peabody Developmental Motor Scale to determine typical motor development. Then the child was placed onto a force platform under four randomized conditions: (a) Control (C) – sat independently on the force plate, (b) Somatosensory (SS) – Sat …

Proteomic Profile Of Carbonylated Proteins Screen Regulation Of Apoptosis Via Camk Signaling In Response To Regular Aerobic Exercise, Wenfeng Liu, Li Li, Heyu Kuang, Yan Xia, Zhiyuan Wang, Shaopeng Liu, Dazhong Yin

Department of Health Sciences and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

To research carbonylated proteins and screen molecular targets in the rat striatum on regular aerobic exercise, male SpragueDawley rats (13 months old, n = 24) were randomly divided into middle-aged sedentary control (M-SED) and aerobic exercise (M-EX) groups (n = 12 each). Maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) gradually increased from 50%–55% to 65%–70% for a total of 10 weeks. A total of 36 carbonylated proteins with modifed oxidative sites were identifed by Electrospray IonizationQuadrupole-Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometer (ESI-Q-TOF-MS), including 17 carbonylated proteins unique to the M-SED group, calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta (CaMKII�), and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1 (Hnrnpa2b1), …

The Effects Of A 12-Week Jump Rope Exercise Program On Abdominal Adiposity, Vasoactive Substances, Inflammation, And Vascular Function In Adolescent Girls With Prehypertension, Ki-Dong Sung, Elizabeth J. Pekas, Steven D. Scott, Won-Mok Son, Song-Young Park

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Introduction

Childhood obesity is strongly associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. It is necessary to combat unfavorable outcomes of obesity at a young age by utilizing effective interventions, such as exercise.

Purpose

We sought to examine the effects of a jump rope exercise program on CVD risk factors, including body composition, vasoactive substances, inflammation, and vascular function in prehypertensive adolescent girls.

Methods

Forty girls (age 14–16) were recruited and randomly assigned to a jump rope exercise group (EX, n = 20) or control group (CON, n = 20). Body composition, nitrate and nitrite levels, endothelin-1 (ET-1), C-reactive protein (CRP), systolic …

Comparison Of Cervical Angle During Different Equipment Removal Techniques Used In Ice Hockey For Suspected Cervical Injuries, Kendell Sarah Galor

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The purpose of the study was to compare cervical movement between two different methods of removal of the helmet and shoulder pads. Seven college age male subjects (height: 172.54 ± 7.98 cm; weight: 85.70 ± 15.75 kg) with hockey experience volunteered to participate in the study. Each subject agreed to and signed the institutional review board approved informed consent before articipation. Subjects used their own game fit hockey helmet and were fitted with a pair of shoulder pads (CCM Tacks 1052 Sr Shoulder Pads). Cervical spine motion was measured using 3D kinematics (Vicon Motion Systems Ltd., UK). Reflective markers affixed …

Head Impact Exposures In Youth Canadian Football Players Aged 12-14 Do Not Significantly Impair Antisaccade Performance, William J. Smith

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

There is a growing body of research evaluating head impacts in sport, but studies have not evaluated youth football in Canada. It is important to evaluate football in Canada as the rules and field size are different than American football, and this may influence the impact exposures. The purpose of this study was to quantify the head impact exposures in youth Canadian football and determine if a season’s worth of impacts could cause impairments in executive function. Players (n=50) had their head impacts recorded using an impact measuring device (GForceTracker) throughout all contact practices and games. A subset of players …

Psychological Effects And Treatment Of An Injury On An Athlete: Suggested Treatment Plan For Athletic Trainers And Physical Therapist, Odell Miller

Honors Theses

Injuries that force athletes to lose participation in their sport and or training have a tremendous impact on their mental health. Mental health issues can be detrimental, but often times go unnoticed. For example in 2010, Kenny McKinley, a wide receiver for the Denver Broncos, was found dead after killing himself with a gun. After suffering a knee injury, he had become progressively depressed. Investigators reported that there are statements saying that McKinley didn’t know what he would do without football. According to NCAA’s Sports Science Institute (2017), the psychological response to injury can trigger mental health issues such as: …

Lower Limb Joint Angle Variability And Dimensionality Are Different In Stairmill Climbing And Treadmill Walking, Peter C. Raffalt, Srikant Vallabhajosula, Jessica Renz, Mukul Mukherjee, Nicholas Stergiou

Journal Articles

The present study tested if the quadratic relationship which exists between stepping frequency and gait dynamics in walking can be generalized to stairmill climbing. To accomplish this, we investigated the joint angle dynamics and variability during continuous stairmill climbing at stepping frequencies both above and below the preferred stepping frequency (PSF). Nine subjects performed stairmill climbing at 80, 90, 100, 110 and 120% PSF and treadmill walking at preferred walking speed during which sagittal hip, knee and ankle angles were extracted. Joint angle dynamics were quantified by the largest Lyapunov exponent (LyE) and correlation dimension (CoD). Joint angle variability was …

True North Strong Canada 150: Canadian Identity And Its Contribution To Doping Free Sport, Helena A. Hlas

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

This thesis, a reflective piece inspired by “Canada 150” events, explores the psychosocial and sociocultural factors surrounding the ongoing evolution of the clean sport movement in Canada. A literature review recounts the critical events in the history of doping, viz. the Ben Johnson scandal, which resulted in a call to overhaul sport culture and realign it with fair play values. Theories in sports philosophy and psychology provide a further understanding of the meaning of sport, and psychosocial factors that are inextricably linked to doping behavior, respectively. The autoethnographic method provides insight into current Canadian values to compare with those in …

Drowning Prevention: Define And Then Gather Evidence Or Gather Evidence To Define?, Nina J. Nyitrai, Suzi Edwards, Nicholas O'Dwyer

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

According to the World Health Organization, drowning fatalities are a neglected public health issue ranked as the third most frequent cause of unintentional death by injury. Data used to record drowning incidents are acknowledged as inaccurate. Recommendations on drowning prevention based on these data are currently not informed by accurate, detailed and reliable evidence. Two modifications to current practice are proposed: 1) an Aquatic Incident Report needs to be developed as an extension of the current workplace incident report to prompt for information commonly not included in current drowning reports; and 2) National Water Safety Plans should be modified to …

Priming Of Grasping Muscles When Viewing A Safety Handle Is Diminished With Age, David A.E. Bolton, Sarah E. Schwartz, Manhoud Mansour, Garrett Rydalch, Douglas W. Mcdannald

Kinesiology and Health Science Faculty Publications

Merely viewing objects within reachable space can activate motor cortical networks and potentiate movement. This holds potential value for smooth interaction with objects in our surroundings, and could offer an advantage for quickly generating targeted hand movements (e.g. grasping a support rail to maintain stability). The present study investigated if viewing a wall-mounted safety handle resulted in automatic activation of motor cortical networks, and if this effect changes with age. Twenty-five young adults (18–30 years) and seventeen older adults (65+ years) were included in this study. Single-pulse, transcranial magnetic stimulation was applied over the motor cortical hand representation of young …

Mirror Therapy, A Pain Management Therapy, Gabriella Andrews

Honors Theses

This project was undertaken to explore the use of mirror therapy (MT) as a palliative for stroke patients and amputees experiencing phantom limb pain. MT is a relatively new treatment and while it has limited research, it is starting to be used more within the rehabilitation setting. Research suggests MT has beneficial effects occur with phantom limb pain as well as post-stroke patients. This study will explain the history, uses, and research behind MT not only as a form of therapy but also a non-medicinal pain reliever.

Included are interviews from physical therapists (PT) and occupational therapists (OT) along with …

Acute High-Intensity Exercise Impairs Skeletal Muscle Respiratory Capacity, Gwenael Layec, Gregory M. Blain, Matthew J. Rossman, Song-Young Park, Corey R. Hart, Joel D. Trinity, Jayson R. Gifford, Simranjit K. Sidhu, Joshua C. Weavil, Thomas J. Hureau, Markus Amann, Russell S. Richardson

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Purpose

The effect of an acute bout of exercise, especially high-intensity exercise, on the function of mitochondrial respiratory complexes is not well understood, with potential implications for both the healthy population and patients undergoing exercise-based rehabilitation. Therefore, this study sought to comprehensively examine respiratory flux through the different complexes of the electron transport chain in skeletal muscle mitochondria before and immediately after high-intensity aerobic exercise.

Methods

Muscle biopsies of the vastus lateralis were obtained at baseline and immediately after a 5-km time trial performed on a cycle ergometer. Mitochondrial respiratory flux through the complexes of the electron transport chain was …

The Relationship Between The Distance Of An External Focus Of Attention And Lower Body Power In Rugby Athletes, Donald Pump

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this investigation is to examine the relationship between the distance effect on power output during countermovement jumps in Rugby athletes. Hypothesis Testing was conducted utilizing a Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance (RM ANOVA) at a .05 significance level. A Pairwise comparison was conducted to determine if one variable had a greater amount of quantitative property. Statistical insignificance was determined after all data was analyzed Results were unable to show a positive relationship between the distance of an external focus of attention and lower body power output in rugby athletes.

Validity Of A Wireless Inertia Measurement Device In Quantifying Performance In Vertical Jumping Tests, Nicholas G. Anagnost, Alexandra Lates, John P. Wagle, Christopher B. Taber

Exercise Science Faculty Publications

The use of technology in sport and fitness training has rapidly become a tool for both athletes and coaches in monitoring performance variables for optimizing training stimulus and recovery (Duking, Hotho, Holmberg, Fuss, & Sperlich, 2016; Peake, Kerr & Sullivan, 2018). Wireless fitness trackers, GPS and accelerometry devices are growing in popularity with the athletic population outside of the clinical setting due to their lower cost and ease of use compared to traditional clinical measurement tools (Dellaserra, Gao & Ransdell, 2014). With the increased popularity of these devices comes the necessity to understand and validate the information collected from them …

The Influence Of Time Spent In Beginning And End-State Postures On Grasp Choice, Rachel Modersitzki

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

The choice to end comfortably often requires adoption of uncomfortable beginning states, demonstrating that a sequence of movement is planned in advance of movement onset. Many factors may influence the choice of comfortable end-state postures including the greater precision and speed afforded by postures at joint angle mid-ranges (Short & Cauraugh, 1999). There has been no evaluation of the hypothesis that postures are chosen based on minimizing time spent in postures. Typically, the time spent in beginning and end-states are not explicitly constrained, but the end-state posture is likely held for the longer amount of time due to greater precision …

The Impact Of Whoop Technology On Sleep, Recovery, And Performance In Naia Baseball Players, Nolan Harms

Department of Teaching, Learning, and Teacher Education: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Many key factors – including but not limited to – sleep, nutrition, travel, stress, and practice influence the optimization of athletic performance. Although previous studies have investigated the use of wearable technology in sport to track several such factors, peer-reviewed research specific to WHOOP technology is limited at best. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of WHOOP technology on sleep, recovery, and batting performance in healthy NAIA baseball players. Data was collected over the course of 4 weeks of in-season play on 10 varsity NAIA baseball players (20.40 ± 0.97 years). All games – 18 total …

The Physiological Effects Of Advocare Spark Energy On Submaximal Aerobic Exercise, Tommy Tran, Dagoberto Pozos

Kinesiology Student Research

INTRODUCTION: AdvoCare-Spark energy is a multi-nutrient supplement that incorporates ergogenic aids such as creatine and caffeine. The referred ergogenic aids are substances that enhance performance, and is one of the most studied research areas in athletic performance. Many supplements contain nutrients including water-soluble vitamins, metabolic by-products of nutrients, plant extracts, substances found in food (vitamin B6, creatine, caffeine) and are found in high amounts naturally in foods. Studies have shown that ingestion of caffeine pre-exercise can enhance endurance performance by decreasing the rate of perceived exertion. The combination of caffeine . and taurine in Advocare-Spark energy are both stimulants that …

Effect Of Creatine Supplementation On Anaerobic Power As Determined By Wingate Cycle Ergometer Testing In Men, Sarah Ballinger

Kinesiology Student Research

INTRODUCTION: Creatine monohydrate is widely available and regularly used by amateur and elite athletes in order to better anaerobic performance. Oral supplementation of Creatine can increase skeletal muscle stores by as much as 20%, especially in those that do not regularly consume meat and fish because although Creatine is produced endogenously by the liver, the body also relies on exogenous sources. Phosphocreatine stores are considered a limiting factor for short duration, high intensity exercise. Augmenting available stores has been shown to decrease the rate of fatigue and increase energy availability to power muscular contraction force for longer durations and aid …

The Relationship Of Maximal Aerobic Capacity And Body Fat Percentage In Athletes And Non-Athletes, Sandra Mendoza, Rj Williams

Kinesiology Student Research

INTRODUCTION: Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) is the maximum capacity of the body to transport and utilize oxygen during incremental exercise. The relative units are expressed as milliliters of oxygen per kilogram of body weight per minute (ml/kg/min) and the absolute rate is liters of oxygen per minute (L/min). Body Fat percentage is the total mass of fat divided by the total body mass, and multiplied by 100%. It is expressed as a percent value. Research shows that athletes tend to have a lower body fat percentage and a higher VO 2maxas compared to non athletes. PURPOSE: The purpose of this …

The Effect Time Of Day Has On Maximal Exercise, Maurice Isuo, Aliceson Edwards

Kinesiology Student Research

INTRODUCTION: The circadian rhythm, also known as sleep/wake cycle, is a cycle that is constantly running as long as you are alive. The circadian rhythm is on a 24-hour clock that cycles between sleepiness and alertness at regular intervals. The circadian rhythms will affect physiological variables such as heart rate, oxygen consumption and blood pressure which can have a large impact on exercise performance. The Bruce Protocol is a treadmill test used to measure maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the VO2max, Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE), Time of exercise (min: sec), and …

The Effects Of Exercise Intensity On Short-Term Memory, Karina Puentes, Joselynn Rivas

Kinesiology Student Research

The ability to recall information from the past is what is known as memory. There are two types of memory: short-term memory and long-term. Short-term is responsible for small temporary memory that can allocate past information within minutes and seconds. Long-term memory that is responsible to store large information for an extended period of time for months and years. Evidence shows that with increase exercise there is an improvement in memory retention/ cognitive function over time (Coles, 2008). People, more specifically college students, utilize their memory every single day, for example to recall an important note that the professor covered. …

The Effect Of Caffeine On Anaerobic Power, Berenice Villegas

Kinesiology Student Research

INTRODUCTION: Caffeine is a stimulant used by athletes to help enhance performance. Caffeine has shown to benefit endurance performance in high intensity or power sports. It has been recommended to consume about 200-400 mg of caffeine 20-30 minutes before a workout. Caffeine increases alertness and decreases fatigue due to blockage of adenosine in the brain. During exercise, caffeine consumption causes the body to mobilize fat stores before using glycogen supply. Doing so helps prolong exercise by sparing stored glycogen for later. Caffeine is a drug that causes tolerance to develop quickly and can become more of a maintenance drug for …

The Relationship Between Body Composition And Fitness Parameters, Rachel Agostino

Kinesiology Student Research

INTRODUCTION: Body composition details the materials that make up the human body. Fat mass primarily functions as insulation and energy storage, but can be detrimental to physical performance when present in excess. Fat-free mass contains muscles and the remainder of substances within the body. Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) is the maximum capacity of the body to transport and utilize oxygen during incremental exercise to maximal levels. VO2max correlates with fat-free mass. Power and work can be used to measure the anaerobic system. The amount of muscle mass correlates with the power and work that is produced. PURPOSE: The purpose of …

The Effect Of A 12-Hour Fast On Maximal Aerobic Performance, Colby Boyko, Madison Helt

Kinesiology Student Research

Maximum aerobic capacity (VO2max) is an indicator of physical fitness and a measurement of an individual’s ability to transport and utilize oxygen. It is measured in absolute terms in (L/min) and can be normalized with weight in (ml/kg/min). Often times food may not be considered a contributing factor to an individuals VO2max, however, ones diet could have a direct effect on their ability to perform incremental exercise to max. Research suggests fasting may have detrimental effects on individual’s ability to exercise, resulting in a lower VO2max and a quicker time to fatigue.

The Relationship Between Body Composition And Blood Pressure In College Age Students, Arely Ortiz, Fabiana Villari

Kinesiology Student Research

INTRODUCTION: Body composition is divided into two components: fat-free mass and fat mass. Fat-free mass includes organs, muscles, bones, blood, and skin which is chemically broken down into water, protein, and bone mineral. Whereas, fat mass would be considered essential or stored fat. A common way to measure body composition is to determine percent of body fat or body mass index (BMI). Many studies suggest that BMI is associated with blood pressure. Unlike measuring percent body fat, BMI does not consider fat-free mass and instead uses the ratio of total body weight to height. Considering fat-free mass when associated to …

The Short Term Effects Of L-Arginine On Blood Lactate Levels And Performance During Submaximal Exercise, Evelyn Wong, Victoria Carter

Kinesiology Student Research

INTRODUCTION: L-arginine is a non-essential amino acid that is precursor to synthesizing Nitric Oxide (NO). It is responsible for regulating blood pressure and improving exercise efficiency and tolerance, along with improvement in vasodilation. Thus it optimizes blood flow. Increased blood flow to active muscles increases substrate utilization to improve muscle recovery and protein synthesis during and after exercise. This allows for greater removal of metabolites lactate and ammonia that are related to muscle fatigue which inhibit exercise performance. Studies have shown that L-arginine supplementation has been a beneficial treatment for individuals that have hypertension, chronic heart failure, type 2 diabetes, …

Effects Of Sleep On Maximal Exercise, Jose Rios

Kinesiology Student Research

INTRODUCTION: Sleep is a function of the body that is essential for proper recovery physically and mentally. Necessary for tissue repair and growth, muscle relaxation and healthy balance of hormones. The average time of sleep for the body to function properly is approximately seven to eight hours a night. Sleep deficiency is common among adults and it can cause chronic health problems such as high blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes, stroke, and kidney disease. Research shows that sleep has no effect on maximal exercise. Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) is the maximum capacity of the body to transport and utilize oxygen …

The Effects Of Dietary Nitrate On Oxygen Consumption In College Aged Males, Simi Tometi, Jean Plaisimon

Kinesiology Student Research

INTRODUCTION: Nitrate (NO3-) is an inorganic polyatomic ion readily available in foods such as lettuce, celery, spinach, and beetroot. Once ingested nitrate is ultimately converted into nitric oxide (NO) by several metabolic pathways. NO is a well-known vasodilator which has been shown to improve exercise performance. Therefore, several researchers have studied the effects of dietary nitrate on exercise performance. Additionally, dietary nitrate supplementation has exhibited the ability to reduce the body's oxygen demand during submaximal work. The Bruce protocol is an incremental maximal exercise test used to determine oxygen consumption. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the …

Queen's College Step Test And Its Validity Of Vo(2max) Prediction On Young Healthy Females, Aaron Newland, Kevin Nguyen

Kinesiology Student Research

INTRODUCTION: The Queen's college step test (QCT) is a submaximal exercise test that is used to measure cardiorespiratory fitness. The test consists of 3 minutes of stepping up and down on a 15-inch step at a set rate of 22 steps/min. This test can also be used to estimate maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). VO2max is an internationally accepted reference standard for assessing cardiorespiratory fitness (Shepard 1968). A lower maximal oxygen capacity is a strong predictor of cardiovascular disease. Despite claims that the QCT is a valid measure of VO2max, its validity in young healthy women has been contested (Chatterjee 2003). …