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Articles 1 - 25 of 25
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La Curp No Sirve Para Nada: How The Curp And Other Temporary Documentation Fail To Protect The Human Rights Of Migrants In Transit Through Mexico, Harper Hoover
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
This work concerns the use of temporary documentation by migrants in transit through Mexico, specifically an identification known as the Clave Única de Registro de Población (CURP.) In recent years, migrants have employed a strategy entailing applying for asylum in Mexico solely to obtain a temporary CURP, falsely believed to provide safe transit through Mexico. Past research on similar temporary documentation concludes that issuing permission to travel through the country is typically ineffective at providing safety from corruption and crime. Documentation also fails at providing reliable access to human rights guaranteed to all by the Mexican Constitution and Immigration Law …
Brazilian Alliance Perspectives: Towards A Brics Development–Security Alliance?, Zhen 'Arc' Han, Mihaela Papa
Brazilian Alliance Perspectives: Towards A Brics Development–Security Alliance?, Zhen 'Arc' Han, Mihaela Papa
Political Science & Global Affairs Faculty Publications
Scholars studying BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) have traditionally argued that it is a development-focused partnership and not a military/security-based alliance. Yet BRICS members have been deepening their security integration, and Russia and China have been creating an alliance in the background. Although BRICS middle powers have traditionally demonstrated an aversion towards alliances, Brazil actively deepened security cooperation among BRICS members during its BRICS presidency in 2019. How does Brazil view alliances in contemporary power competition? This study examines Brazil’s perceptions by introducing and analysing a new data set of Brazilian expert discourses on alliances since 1990 …
“Cocaine, Girls, And Bebidas:” A View Of Colombia Through The Lens Of American Foreign Policy And Popular Media, Nicole Ramirez '23, Katelyn Perruc '23
“Cocaine, Girls, And Bebidas:” A View Of Colombia Through The Lens Of American Foreign Policy And Popular Media, Nicole Ramirez '23, Katelyn Perruc '23
Student Scholarship
From the big screen to one’s living room, popular media has the power to influence how people in the 21st century perceive history, politics, and culture. With Colombia as one of the US’s closest allies in Latin America, this project examines the representation of Colombia and its people by American-made media through a two-step process. The first step analyzes four US presidential administrations and their corresponding foreign policy. The second step dissects a sample group of 16 films and television series on Colombia to correlate foreign policy with the evolving US-Colombian relationship and unveil further themes and methods that give …
Beyond Green Cars And Goddesses: Gender, The Global Environment, And Sustainability, Kiran Asher
Beyond Green Cars And Goddesses: Gender, The Global Environment, And Sustainability, Kiran Asher
Sustainability Education Resources
Gender, the environment and sustainability are key terms in debates about economic globalization and social justice. While not new, they are reemerging as part of the post-2015 sustainable development agenda. This course will introduce students to the perceived and existing links between women, gender, and the global environment as they appear in 21st century discussions about sustainable development. Through readings, lectures and discussions will explore the following questions: When did the environment and sustainability emerge as key biological and social issues on global agendas? What are their connections to economic globalization? To colonialism and capitalism? How did …
Drug Policy In An Era Of Normative Change: Prohibition And Harm Reduction In Uruguay, Ecuador, And Peru, Nicolas A. Beckmann
Drug Policy In An Era Of Normative Change: Prohibition And Harm Reduction In Uruguay, Ecuador, And Peru, Nicolas A. Beckmann
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The present dissertation investigates how the advocacy and contestation of international norms related to the production and use of psychoactive substances affected drug policy decisions in South America since 1971. The goal is to provide a more complete account of why most states in the region are sticking to prohibitionist policy models, despite their evident failure and an international context that has become more favorable to the exploration of alternative policies. At the same time, it seeks to detect some of the factors that enabled countries to move towards a framework of harm reduction, prohibition’s main competitor in international drug …
European Spaces And The Roma: Denaturalizing The Naturalized In Online Reader Comments, Theresa Catalano, Grace E. Fielder
European Spaces And The Roma: Denaturalizing The Naturalized In Online Reader Comments, Theresa Catalano, Grace E. Fielder
Department of Teaching, Learning, and Teacher Education: Faculty Publications
With the entry of several Eastern European nations into the European Union (EU), a “third” space has developed in the discourse for nations perceived as not fully integrated “inside” the EU system. This article investigates the construction of this “third space” in the resultant “moral panic” about undesired immigration from other EU countries and its potential drain on the social services of the United Kingdom and links it to Euroskeptic discourse in British media. The article uses construal operations from cognitive linguistics combined with critical discourse studies as a way of denaturalizing the discourse in online comments that focus on …
Contested Natures, Insecurities And Territorialities: The Aerial Eradication Of Coca In Colombia, Alexander Huezo
Contested Natures, Insecurities And Territorialities: The Aerial Eradication Of Coca In Colombia, Alexander Huezo
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Until very recently, Colombia was the only country in the world that still permitted the eradication of illicit crops –primarily coca and to a lesser extent, opium poppies— through aerial fumigation. It was a controversial practice for a number of reasons, chiefly the damage caused to plants, animals, and people living in or near fumigated areas. A favored tactic in the U.S.-supported War on Drugs, aerial eradication actually contributed to the spread of illicit crops to increasingly remote areas of Colombia, such as the collectively titled lands of both indigenous and black communities. Concerns about the practice of aerial eradication, …
The Ethiopian State: Perennial Challenges In The Struggle For Development, Hawi Tilahune
The Ethiopian State: Perennial Challenges In The Struggle For Development, Hawi Tilahune
International Studies Honors Projects
This honors thesis examines the evolution of the state and nation-building processes in four historical periods in Ethiopia. I argue that, in the generational efforts towards consolidation and change, each period throws up acute tensions between an increasingly centralizing political apparatus and the civic and material existence of ethnic peripheries. These contradictions are apparent in the attempts to secure the country's territorial sovereignty under Menelik II, the efforts towards modernization by Emperor Haile Selassie, the militaristic-cum-Marxist drive under Col. Mengistu Haile Mariam, and the construction of a developmental state under the leadership of Prime Minister Meles Zenawi. While some achievements …
Perception And Policy: U.S. Sociological Attitudes And Policies Towards Guatemalans And Salvadorans In The Late 20th And Early 21st Centuries, Violeta Paredes
Perception And Policy: U.S. Sociological Attitudes And Policies Towards Guatemalans And Salvadorans In The Late 20th And Early 21st Centuries, Violeta Paredes
American Cultural Studies Capstone Research Papers
This paper looks into Guatemalan and Salvadoran history and immigration in the late 20th Century and identifies how these patterns compare to and continue to affect present day immigration policy. By examining the difference between how immigration policy was handled prior and after the events that occurred on 9/11, the reader will be able to distinguish how social perception of immigrants in the U.S. changed drastically with the span of a few months. By examining the history of immigration policy post-WWII, the reader will be able to identify that aid such as providing asylum has historically contributed to systematic …
Afroreggae And Grupo Cultural Afro Reggae: A Study Of The Early Years, Sarah S. Ohmer
Afroreggae And Grupo Cultural Afro Reggae: A Study Of The Early Years, Sarah S. Ohmer
Publications and Research
The following study of AfroReggae and Grupo Cultural Afro Reggae (GCAR) calls attention to Brazilian presence and community organizing in the field of Hip Hop studies with a long memory framework: placing AfroReggae and GCAR in a long history of Africana resistance through music in Latin America. !990s GCAR group arises when reggae and Hip Hop music had become new global forms of solidarity among urban marginalized youths worldwide, making use of old and new strategies of social healing (Fernandes 2011). A close look at lyrics from the Hip Hop fusion band and the associated nonprofit organization shape the concepts …
Responding To Sex Workers’ Rights As Workers’ Rights: Reducing Sex Trafficking In The Dominican Republic, Corena Sharp
Responding To Sex Workers’ Rights As Workers’ Rights: Reducing Sex Trafficking In The Dominican Republic, Corena Sharp
Western Libraries Undergraduate Research Award
This study examines the feasibility of using the unionization of sex workers as a way to combat sex trafficking in the Dominican Republic. The analysis ultimately disproves the hypothesis that unionization would be a feasible approach. The current literature challenges the dominant policies fighting sex trafficking enacted by the United States, but affirms the policy’s contributions to the cause. This paper seeks to address the targeted weaknesses of prevention and protection of victims by furthering the current literature that centers the marginalized agency of sex workers. By applying the theoretical framework of “sex work discourse,” this paper takes the approach …
Remittances From Puerto Rico: Unsuspected Transnational Locality In Times Of Crisis, Sheila I. Velez Martinez
Remittances From Puerto Rico: Unsuspected Transnational Locality In Times Of Crisis, Sheila I. Velez Martinez
Articles
This paper looks at immigrant remittances from Puerto Rico as a tool to understand how immigrant communities have faced and engaged the economic crisis. For example, from the data reviewed, it stems that immigrant remittances sent from Puerto Rico do not follow the same patterns as remittances sent from the United States and Europe inasmuch as they seem less affected by the global financial crisis and local unemployment rates. The research conducted also tends to indicate that money transfers from Puerto Rico might allow us to grasp the growing economic transnational relationships that are being maintained by varied immigrant communities …
Local Media Representations Of The Colombian Women’S Peace Movement La Ruta Pacífica De Las Mujeres, Elizabeth Anna Kersjes
Local Media Representations Of The Colombian Women’S Peace Movement La Ruta Pacífica De Las Mujeres, Elizabeth Anna Kersjes
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this research is to analyze how the media in Colombia covers the events and campaigns of the pacifist women’s movement La Ruta Pacífica de las Mujeres. The movement was formed in 1996 to draw attention to violence against women and to call for a negotiated end to Colombia’s internal armed conflict through peaceful demonstrations. The study uses a series of semi-structured interviews with members of the movement and a content analysis of major print media stories about the movement to analyze press coverage and forms of representation. The analysis finds that large, powerful media outlets based …
Infinite Money And Infrastructural Power: Analyzing The Fiscal Determinants Of English State Building, 1689–1789, John Louis
Josef Korbel Journal of Advanced International Studies
Geographically limited with a small population and few resources, how did England achieve great power status by the close of the 18th century? Scholars have debated whether debt or taxes were the primary determinants of English state building. Using data from the European State Finance database this paper provides a systematic statistical study designed to disentangle the causal relationship between war, debt and taxes as determinants of English state building. The paper finds that debt not taxes best predicts English military expenditures. After demonstrating that war exhibits a strong positive correlation to increases in public debt the paper shows that …
Understanding Colombian Violence Through Geographic Information Systems And Statistical Approaches, Brandon Fowler
Understanding Colombian Violence Through Geographic Information Systems And Statistical Approaches, Brandon Fowler
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
In 2002, Colombia had the highest homicide rate of any Latin American country(Berkman, 2007). The origins of this violence, however, are complex and difficult to identify. It would be sensible to argue that it cannot be explained by any one particular factor, but rather an assortment of many factors that wholly represent the social, economic, and political conditions of Colombia. By better understanding the origins of Colombian violence, policy makers can more effectively address and alleviate this prolonged issue. This study examines the geographic nature of municipal homicide rates for Colombia in 2005. The purpose of this study is to …
The Impact Of Insecurity On Democracy And Trust In Institutions In Mexico, Luisa Blanco
The Impact Of Insecurity On Democracy And Trust In Institutions In Mexico, Luisa Blanco
School of Public Policy Working Papers
Using survey data from the Latin American Public Opinion Project (LAPOP) and Encuesta Nacional Sobre la Inseguridad (ENSI) for Mexico during the period 2004-2010, this paper analyses the impact of insecurity and crime victimization on support and satisfaction with democracy and trust in institutions. With the LAPOP data, perceptions about higher insecurity decrease support and satisfaction with democracy. Perceptions of insecurity and crime victimization have a negative significant effect on trust in institutions, and this finding is robust to using LAPOP and ENSI data. Perceptions of insecurity and crime victimization have a larger negative effect on trust in institutions that …
Building The Foundation For Rhode Island Immigrant Assistance Database: A Brief Study Of The Communication And Collaboration Among Rhode Island Social Service Agencies, Matthew Friedman
Global Studies Student Scholarship
In the state of Rhode Island, numerous non-profit organizations, businesses and state government departments provide a variety of services to the immigrant population. Among these agencies, each has different levels of communication, collaboration and knowledge of the other organizations operating in Rhode Island. Collaborating with the International Institute of Rhode Island, a non-profit immigration agency located in Providence, my initial goal was the creation of the Rhode Island Immigrant Assistance Database (RIIAD), a simple and informative web page detailing the services, mission statement and address of the agencies that assist immigrants. Of the more than seventy organizations invited to the …
Paramilitary Forces In Colombia, Winifred Tate
Paramilitary Forces In Colombia, Winifred Tate
Faculty Scholarship
How can we understand the transformation of Colombian paramilitary groups during the past two decades? Intimately connected to drug trafficking, paramilitary groups have infiltrated political institutions and enjoyed significant political support even as they have used extreme brutality. Since the early 1990s, paramilitaries have grown exponentially in strength, creating a national coordinating body and carrying out military offensives. These developments brought territorial expansion throughout Colombia and a peak in political violence, typified by massacres from 1997 to 2003. After negotiations with government officials, more than thirty-two thousand troops passed through demobilization programs verified by the Organization of American States; much …
Economic Development, Religion, And The Conditions For Domestic Terrorism, Brandon M. Boylan
Economic Development, Religion, And The Conditions For Domestic Terrorism, Brandon M. Boylan
Josef Korbel Journal of Advanced International Studies
This study examines the conditions that facilitate domestic terrorism. Research on domestic terrorism has been sparse in comparison to studies that examine terrorism as a general phenomenon and transnational terrorism in particular. Most researchers find that a country’s level of economic development and religious composition do not help explain its experience with terrorism. I examine if these claims apply to terrorist activity at the domestic level to explore the extent to which domestic terrorism differs from other forms of terrorism. Specifically, I employ a negative binomial regression model with time-series, cross-sectional (TSCS) data in order to observe if economic development …
Trading Democracy For Security? The Effects Of The International Drug War On The Quality Of Democracy In The Dominican Republic, 1996 -2008, Leah H. Blumenfeld
Trading Democracy For Security? The Effects Of The International Drug War On The Quality Of Democracy In The Dominican Republic, 1996 -2008, Leah H. Blumenfeld
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of the research is to study the relationship between international drug interdiction policies and domestic politics in fragile democracies, and to demonstrate how international drug control policies and the use of force fit the rhetoric of war, are legitimized by the principles of a just war, but may also cause collateral damage and negative unintended consequences. The method used is a case study of the Dominican Republic. The research has found that international drug control regimes, primarily led by the U.S. and narrowly focused on interdiction, have influenced an increasingly militarized approach to domestic law enforcement in the …
Conversations With A Crime Boss: Doing Asian Criminal Business, Nafis Hanif, Mark Findlay
Conversations With A Crime Boss: Doing Asian Criminal Business, Nafis Hanif, Mark Findlay
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Media piracy, in Malaysia, is organised through illicit negotiations between a dominant crime syndicate and consumers, street-corner gang leaders, the Malaysian police, custom officers and directors of the Malaysian Film Censorship Board. These key social actors who crossover class, race, religion, gang membership, and bridge porous legitimate and illegitimate commercial and political sectors of society establish a mutually collaborative relationship by negotiating their asymmetrical social capital, according to a conventional cost-benefit analysis. Contextual analyses of these illicit interactions identify criminal enterprise opportunities and plot the interactive progress of enterprise as it unfolds, against models of organisational and functional inter-connection. The …
War And Hiv In Latin America, Shawn Smallman
War And Hiv In Latin America, Shawn Smallman
International & Global Studies Faculty Publications and Presentations
Conflict has shaped the HIV pandemic from its inception, from the spread of HIV-1 in Central Africa, to the diffusion of HIV-2 from Portuguese Africa to the globe. At the same time, the relationship between HIV and conflict has been non-linear and poorly understood. Nancy Mock and her colleagues have been almost the only scholars to propose a model to understand this relationship. Their work suggests that several key variables (such as the time scale of the conflict, the characteristics of the parties involved, and the geographic scale of the fighting) explain wide variations in how warfare appears to have …
From Greed To Grievance: The Shifting Political Profile Of The Colombian Paramilitaries, Winifred Tate
From Greed To Grievance: The Shifting Political Profile Of The Colombian Paramilitaries, Winifred Tate
Faculty Scholarship
On June 28, 2004, indicted drug trafficker and paramilitary leader Salvatore Mancuso, wearing a fashionable Italian suit and tie, addressed the Colombian Congress from the podium. "The judgment of history will recognize the goodness and nobility of our cause," he told the assembled legislators and press. The day before, Mancuso, along with two other paramilitary leaders, had traveled in an official air force plane from the small northern Colombia hamlet where paramilitary leaders had assembled to begin talks with the Colombian government. After almost a decade of fighting outside the law, Mancuso was now addressing the heart of the state, …
Globalization And Gangs: The Evolution Of Central American, Patrick Beary '07
Globalization And Gangs: The Evolution Of Central American, Patrick Beary '07
Honors Projects
The focus ofthis paper is beyond a critique of U.S. immigration law and the 4 regions' judicial systems, although their roles as they relate to gang activities in these areas will be assessed. Nor is this paper a comprehensive ethnographic account of gang life and gang structure in general. Instead the purpose of this study is to synthesize the theoretical literature of globalization and apply it to what we know about specific gangs such as MS-13 and M-18 in North and Central America.
The Future Of International Law Is Domestic (Or, The European Way Of Law), William W. Burke-White, Anne-Marie Slaughter
The Future Of International Law Is Domestic (Or, The European Way Of Law), William W. Burke-White, Anne-Marie Slaughter
All Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.