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Mother–Daughter Communication About Sex: The Influence Of Authoritative Parenting Style, Michelle Campo, Natasha Askelson, Sandi Smith
Mother–Daughter Communication About Sex: The Influence Of Authoritative Parenting Style, Michelle Campo, Natasha Askelson, Sandi Smith
Michelle L. Campo
Parent–child communication about sex has been shown to delay sexual activity and increase contraceptive and condom use. The influence of authoritative parenting style and mothers' perception of daughters' risk on communication about sex was examined in this study. Mothers in a random sample (n = 283) with daughters aged 9–15 years were mailed surveys asking about communication with their daughters regarding 11 sex-related topics. Multivariate linear regression was used to assess the influence of authoritative parenting style and mothers' perceptions of risk on the number of topics communicated about and age of the daughter at time of communication for a …
African American Women And Weight Loss: Disregarding Environmental Challenges, Michelle Campo, Teresa Mastin, Natasha Askelson
African American Women And Weight Loss: Disregarding Environmental Challenges, Michelle Campo, Teresa Mastin, Natasha Askelson
Michelle L. Campo
In the United States, almost 80% of African American women are either overweight or obese. In this study, 46 low-income African American women struggling with weight issues participated in structured interviews using a social cognitive theory framework. Participants shared their social cognitive theory related weight loss thoughts and their perceived weight loss obstacles. Results suggest that although participants’ primary weight-related obstacles were environment-based, for example, unsafe environments in which to engage in regular exercise, they more often offered individual-based solutions. The study concludes with a discussion of media advocacy as a tool that can be used to promote environmental solutions. …
Factors Related To Physicians' Willingness To Vaccinate Girls Against Hpv: The Importance Of Subjective Norms And Perceived Behavioral Control, Michelle Campo, Natoshia Askelson, John Lowe, Leslie Dennis
Factors Related To Physicians' Willingness To Vaccinate Girls Against Hpv: The Importance Of Subjective Norms And Perceived Behavioral Control, Michelle Campo, Natoshia Askelson, John Lowe, Leslie Dennis
Michelle L. Campo
This study assessed factors related to physicians' intentions to vaccinate patients against human papillomavirus. A random sample of physicians was surveyed. The survey questions focused on the constructs of the Theory of Planned Behavior. Structural equation modeling was used to estimate the relationship of theoretical constructs to intention to vaccinate. Of the 207 physicians who responded, intentions to vaccinate were very high (86.5%). On a scale of 1 to 7 (strongly disagree to strongly agree) physicians had positive attitudes toward the vaccine. Physicians reported the vaccine was a good idea (M = 6.65, SD = 0.79), beneficial (M = 6.64, …
The Missing Role Of Parents: A Content Analysis Of Newspaper Coverage Of Parenting Practices And Communication Strategies For Addressing Binge Drinking, Michelle Campo, Natasha Askelson, Teresa Mastin, Mary Slonske
The Missing Role Of Parents: A Content Analysis Of Newspaper Coverage Of Parenting Practices And Communication Strategies For Addressing Binge Drinking, Michelle Campo, Natasha Askelson, Teresa Mastin, Mary Slonske
Michelle L. Campo
Parents can employ communication strategies to prevent alcohol use among college students. This investigation utilizes content analysis to examine the coverage of parent-related strategies in 32 newspapers over the last decade. Of the 255 articles related to college drinking, only 49 mentioned one or more parenting strategies. The most frequently mentioned strategies were parental notification of their child's problem behavior by college administrators and communicating with older children about alcohol. The strategies mentioned least were monitoring and staying connected with college-aged children and talking about the consequences of binge drinking. The minimal coverage suggests a need for the use of …
Fact Or Wishful Thinking? Biased Expectations In I Think I Look Better When I'M Tanned, Michelle Campo, Samita Banerjee, Kathryn Greene
Fact Or Wishful Thinking? Biased Expectations In I Think I Look Better When I'M Tanned, Michelle Campo, Samita Banerjee, Kathryn Greene
Michelle L. Campo
Objective: To examine the impact of tanned female images on respondents' perceptions of attractiveness, healthiness, and height and weight estimations. Method: A 3 (light, medium, or dark tan) by 2 (male or female respondent) experimental design. Results: Only male respondents perceived the dark-tanned woman as more physically attractive and thinner than both light- and medium-tanned women. Men also perceived the dark-tanned woman as more interpersonally attractive and healthier than the medium-tanned woman. Conclusions: Campaigns targeted at males need to reduce the perceptions that tanned females are healthier, thinner, and more attractive. Educational efforts targeting females need to reduce attraction-based motivations.
Indoor Tanning And Problem Behavior, Zhanna Bagdasarov, Smita Banerjee, Kathryn Greene, Michelle Campo
Indoor Tanning And Problem Behavior, Zhanna Bagdasarov, Smita Banerjee, Kathryn Greene, Michelle Campo
Michelle L. Campo
Objective: The authors examined factors predicting college students' use of tanning beds. Participants and Methods: Undergraduate students (N = 745) at a large Northeastern university participated in the study by answering a survey measuring tanning behavior and other psychosocial variables, including sensation seeking, self-esteem, tanning image beliefs, and friends' tanning bed use. Results: All 3 systems from problem behavior theory predicted past tanning bed use and intention to use tanning beds. The authors observed a positive association between sensation seeking and intention to use tanning beds. Tanning image beliefs were positively associated with both past tanning behavior and intention to …
Smoking, But Not Smokers – Self-Labeling Among College Students Who Smoke Cigarettes., Michelle Campo, Arnold Levinson
Smoking, But Not Smokers – Self-Labeling Among College Students Who Smoke Cigarettes., Michelle Campo, Arnold Levinson
Michelle L. Campo
Cigarette smoking in college is often described as social smoking, but the term lacks definition and implicitly discounts dependence. We report on college students' use of the terms social smoker and smoker. Students who currently smoked cigarettes were asked whether they considered themselves smokers, and whether they smoked because they were social smokers. The survey was conducted during 1999–2004 at eight colleges; analysis was limited to 1,401 students aged 18–24 years. More than half of students (56.3%) denied being smokers (“deniers”) despite current smoking behavior. Half of deniers, and fewer than half of admitters, called themselves social smokers. Deniers were …
Placing The Burden On The Individual: Overweight And Obesity In African American And Mainstream Women's Magazines, Michelle Campo, Teresa Mastin
Placing The Burden On The Individual: Overweight And Obesity In African American And Mainstream Women's Magazines, Michelle Campo, Teresa Mastin
Michelle L. Campo
One third of all U.S. adult women, and more than 75% of African American women, are overweight or obese. This study examined overweight and obesity editorial content (N = 406) in three mainstream and three African American women's magazines between 1984 and 2004. Content analysis was used to determine which strategies were suggested regarding diet, overweight, and obesity, which components of social cognitive theory were offered (behavior, person, or environment), and whether or not there were differences in the genres. The results suggest that although a wide range of strategies were being offered, the vast majority were behavioral changes with …
Conflicting Messages: Overweight And Obesity Advertisements And Articles In Black Magazines, Michelle Campo, Teresa Mastin
Conflicting Messages: Overweight And Obesity Advertisements And Articles In Black Magazines, Michelle Campo, Teresa Mastin
Michelle L. Campo
Three-quarters of U.S. Black women are overweight or obese, putting them at increased risk of multiple diseases, poorer quality of life, and a shorter life span. Media provide important normative information regarding overweight and obesity. This study examines Black women's magazines' food and non-alcoholic beverage advertisements and overweight and obesity editorial content to determine whether the products advertised and the articles' content models or inhibits healthy diet and physical activity as strategies to prevent and overcome overweight and obesity. Five hundred food and non-alcoholic beverage ads and 31 related articles printed in a sample of Ebony (n = 60), Essence …
Differential Effects Of Exposure To Social Norms Campaigns: A Cause For Concern, Michelle Campo, Kenzie Cameron
Differential Effects Of Exposure To Social Norms Campaigns: A Cause For Concern, Michelle Campo, Kenzie Cameron
Michelle L. Campo
College students' processing of alcohol social norms messages, related effects on normative judgments, attitudes toward their own behaviors, and perception of undergraduate attitudes were examined using expectancy violation theories and social norms marketing. Data were collected from 2 universities (N = 393). Following message exposure, the majority moved their normative judgments toward the statistic provided in the message. Slight attitude change occurred but not always in the desired direction. Those most likely to develop unhealthier attitudes drank more than those who developed healthier attitudes, consistent with psychological reactance to the messages. Therefore, the effects of social norms campaigns on those …
Framing Breastfeeding And Formula-Feeding Messages In Popular U.S. Magazines, Michelle Campo, Julie . Andsager
Framing Breastfeeding And Formula-Feeding Messages In Popular U.S. Magazines, Michelle Campo, Julie . Andsager
Michelle L. Campo
Media framing of infant feeding has the ability to influence knowledge and views of the barriers, benefits, and solutions inherent in breastfeeding or formula-feeding. This study examined how seven popular U.S. parenting, general women's, and African American magazines framed breastfeeding and formula-feeding messages to determine whether a sense-making approach was used and the extent to which visual images portrayed feeding practices. Analysis included 615 articles published from 1997 to 2003 that referred to infant feeding. Text and images were analyzed. The magazines provided more information on breastfeeding than formula feeding. Parenting magazines included more advice than barriers or benefits. African …
Social Norms And Expectancy Violation Theories: Assessing The Effectiveness Of Health Communication Campaigns, Michelle Campo, Kenzie Cameron, Dominique Brossard
Social Norms And Expectancy Violation Theories: Assessing The Effectiveness Of Health Communication Campaigns, Michelle Campo, Kenzie Cameron, Dominique Brossard
Michelle L. Campo
College students' processing of alcohol, smoking, and exercise social norms messages, and related effects on judgments, attitudes toward one's own behaviors, and attitudes toward undergraduates' behaviors were examined using social norms marketing and Expectancy Violation Theory (EVT) (N=393). Receiving statistical social norms messages led to an expectancy violation of the perceived social norm (i.e., a discrepancy between the expected and actual statistic conveyed with a message). Consistent with Boster et al. (2000 ), the effect of the message discrepancy on attitudes was mediated by judgments. In accordance with social norms, when participants were provided with a statistic, the majority moved …
Predicting And Explaining Public Opinion Regarding U.S. Slavery Reparations, Michelle Campo, Teresa Mastin, M. Frazer
Predicting And Explaining Public Opinion Regarding U.S. Slavery Reparations, Michelle Campo, Teresa Mastin, M. Frazer
Michelle L. Campo
Slavery reparations have long been a discussion topic within the African American community and press. The issue has begun to appear in mainstream press and was a topic at a Fall 2001 United Nation summit on race. Little is known about how Americans feel about slavery reparations, proposed forms of compensation, and how opinions compare to reparations already awarded to others such as Japanese Americans interned during World War II. The data for this study were obtained from a Fall 2001 poll conducted by a mid-sized southern university of state residents (N = 614). Data suggest that attitudes toward slavery …
Farmers' Perspectives Of Michigan State University Extension: Trends And Lessons From 1996 And 1999, Michelle Campo, Murari Suvedi, Maria Lapinski
Farmers' Perspectives Of Michigan State University Extension: Trends And Lessons From 1996 And 1999, Michelle Campo, Murari Suvedi, Maria Lapinski
Michelle L. Campo
In 1994, Michigan State University Extension (MSUE) reorganized into Area of Expertise teams (AOE) linking county agents and specialists around specific commodity groups' needs. A statewide survey was conducted in 1996 and 1999 to determine agricultural producers' educational needs and perceptions of MSUE. Participation rates among full-time farmers in MSUE programs are high. The number of part-time farmers is increasing, and these farmers are participating less in MSUE programs. Farmers want one-on-one interaction with Extension agents. Marketing, business management and farm economics were named as important educational needs by significantly more farmers in 1999 than in 1996.
Social Marketing And Diffusion-Based Strategies For Communicating With Unique Populations: Hiv Prevention In San Francisco, James Dearing, Everett Rogers, Gary Meyer, Michelle Campo
Social Marketing And Diffusion-Based Strategies For Communicating With Unique Populations: Hiv Prevention In San Francisco, James Dearing, Everett Rogers, Gary Meyer, Michelle Campo
Michelle L. Campo
We conducted a 2-year investigation of the extent to which strategies based on social marketing and diffusion of innovations concepts are used in preventive health communication with unique (highly ostracized) populations. Of the 49 organizations in San Francisco that operate HIV prevention programs (N=100),programs that most highly targeted unique populations were surveyed. Personal interviews were then conducted with 38 staff leaders who operated the most and least effective programs. Audiotapes and transcripts were content analyzed to identify the strategies used by program staff. Strategies based on social marketing concepts were more prevalent than strategies based on the diffusion of innovations. …
Communication And Community In A City Under Siege, Everett Rogers, James Dearing, Nagesh Rao, Michelle Campo
Communication And Community In A City Under Siege, Everett Rogers, James Dearing, Nagesh Rao, Michelle Campo
Michelle L. Campo
The history of urban life has been shaped and directed by the impact of disaster and disease, variables that have not disappeared in the postmodern age. Certainly, a deadly epidemic destroys and alters communication relationships while at the same time creating new communication needs and possibilities. The structure, social institutions, and policies of cities in part determine the impact and response to affliction. The authors analyze how the city of San Francisco was disrupted by the AIDS epidemic and how HIV / AIDS prevention campaigns sought to slow the epidemic. Both the epidemic and the communication response to it altered …