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Improving Water Properties To Increase Infiltration Characteristics, Richard W. O. Soppe, Stuart W. Styles
Improving Water Properties To Increase Infiltration Characteristics, Richard W. O. Soppe, Stuart W. Styles
BioResource and Agricultural Engineering
Water properties, such as the viscosity and surface tension, can be affected by temperature and surfactants to Increase infiltration rates into soils. Specifically, they will change the hydraulic conductivity of the soil. A simple soap solution and the new material PAM (inexpensive polymer chemical) were evaluated as surfactants. Laboratory experiments and field tests on a site in Davis, California were done to quantify the effects of changing the water properties. Additional effects, like the improved soil structure during infiltration and less soil particles in tailwater (reduced erosion due to runoff) were observed and are described in this paper. The conclusions …
Off-Farm Work By Census-Farm Operators: An Overview Of Structure And Mobility Patterns, Michael Swidinsky, Wayne H. Howard, Alfons Weersink
Off-Farm Work By Census-Farm Operators: An Overview Of Structure And Mobility Patterns, Michael Swidinsky, Wayne H. Howard, Alfons Weersink
Agribusiness
The purpose of this paper is to provide descriptive statistics on off-farm labour supply and farm/off-farm labour reallocation for Canadian farmers using cross-sectional data and cross-sectional panel data, respectively, obtained from the Canadian Census of Agriculture. This report is part of a larger study on the off-farm labour supply and labour mobility of farm operators (Swidinsky, 1997). The data indicates that a growing proportion of operators worked off-farm between 1971 and 1991. As well, operators who work off-farm have allocated greater amounts of time to the off-farm labour market. The share of census-farm operators reporting 97-228 days of off-farm work …