Electrical and Computer Engineering Commons^™

Sparse Representation For Audio Noise Removal Using Zero-Zone Quantizers, Neha Mittal

Theses

In zero zone quantization, bins around zero are quantized to a zero value. This kind of quantization can be applied on orthogonal transforms to remove the unwanted or redundant signal. Transforms reveal structures and properties of a signal and hence careful application of a zero zone over the transform coefficients leads to noise removal. In this thesis, such quantizers are applied over Discrete Fourier Transform and Karhunen Loeve Transform coefficients separately, and outputs compared. Further, the localization of the zero zones to certain frequencies leads to better performance in terms of noise removal. PEAQ (Perceptual Evaluation of Audio Quality) scores …

A Fpga/Dsp Design For Real-Time Fracture Detection Using Low Transient Pulse, Akash Mathur

Theses

This work presents the hardware and software architecture for the detection of fractures and edges in materials. While the detection method is based on the novel concept of Low Transient Pulse (LTP), the overall system implementation is based on two digital microelectronics technologies widely used for signal processing: Digital Signal Processor (DSP) and Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). Under the proposed architecture, the DSP carries out the analysis of the received baseband signal at a lower rate and hence can be used for large number of signal channels. The FPGA's master clock runs at a higher frequency (62.5MHz) for the …

Miniature Ceramic Pifa For Uwb Band Group 3 And 6, David Kearney, Matthias John, Max Ammann

Articles

A ceramic chip planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) is proposed for integration into a mobile handset providing UWB functionality across band groups 3 and 6. The antenna design exhibits a total efficiency of greater than 50% across the entire 6.39 GHz bandwidth while maintaining a very small volume of 57.6 mm^3 . The antenna uses a combination of the normal PIFA resonance and a second resonance due to the ceramic block to achieve a broad ultrawideband (UWB) bandwidth.

High-Speed Concatenation Of Frequency Ramps Using Sampled Grating Distributed Bragg Reflector Laser Diode Sources For Oct Resolution Enhancement, Brandon George, Dennis J. Derickson

Electrical Engineering

Brandon George and Dennis Derickson California Polytechnic State Univ. (USA) Wavelength tunable sampled grating distributed Bragg reflector (SG-DBR) lasers used for telecommunications applications have previously demonstrated the ability for linear frequency ramps covering the entire tuning range of the laser at 100 kHz repetition rates1. An individual SG-DBR laser has a typical tuning range of 50 nm. The InGaAs/InP material system often used with SG-DBR lasers allows for design variations that cover the 1250 to 1650 nm wavelength range. This paper addresses the possibility of concatenating the outputs of tunable SGDBR lasers covering adjacent wavelength ranges for enhancing the resolution …

Systems Social Seience: A Design Inquiry Approach For Stabilization And Reconstruction Of Social Systems, Barry G. Silverman

Departmental Papers (ESE)

This paper explores novel approaches under the design inquiry paradigm that promise to help organizations better understand and solve socio-technical dilemmas. Design inquiry is contrasted with scientific inquiry (Section 1). Section 2 presents a meso-scale model of models methodology for design inquiry that synthesizes systems science, agent modeling and simulation, knowledge management architectures, and domain theories and knowledge. The goal is to focus computational science on exploring underlying mechanisms (white box modeling) and to support reflective theorizing and discourse to explain social dilemmas and potential resolutions. Section 3 then describes an evolving agent modeling and simulation testbed while Section 4 …

Finite Tree-Based Decoding Of Low-Density Parity-Check Codes, Eric T. Psota

Theses, Dissertations, and Student Research from Electrical & Computer Engineering

Low-density parity-check codes are commonly decoded using iterative message-passing decoders, such as the min-sum and sum-product decoders. Computer simulations demonstrate that these suboptimal decoders are capable of achieving low probability of bit error at signal-to-noise ratios close to capacity. However, current methods for analyzing the behavior of the min-sum and sum-product decoders fails to produce usable bounds on the probability of bit error. Thus, the resulting probability of bit error when using these decoders remains largely unknown for signal-to-noise ratios beyond the reach of simulation. For this reason, it is worth considering alternative methods for decoding low-density parity-check codes. New …

Enterprise Development Policies And Capacity-Building In Science, Technology And Innovation (Sti)-Response To The Issue Note, Deogratias Harorimana

Dr Deogratias Harorimana

Enterprise Development, Investment and Business Climate are all important for economic growth. But what policies, strategies are needed to make economic growth a reality. The author has followed one of the World's fastest reformer and emerging nation in the Heart of Africa-Rwanda. The paper shares lessons and practical aspects related to building an entrepreneurial population, and building a government which is a facilitator of business climate

Real-Time Heart Model For Implantable Cardiac Device Validation And Verification, Zhihao Jiang, Miroslav Pajic, Allison T. Connolly, Sanjay Dixit, Rahul Mangharam

Technical Reports (ESE)

Designing bug-free medical device software is dif- ficult, especially in complex implantable devices that may be used in unanticipated contexts. Safety recalls of pacemakers and implantable cardioverter defibrillators due to firmware problems between 1990 and 2000 affected over 200,000 devices, comprising 41% of the devices recalled and are increasing in frequency. There is currently no formal methodology or open experimental platform to validate and verify the correct operation of medical device software. To this effect, a real-time Virtual Heart Model (VHM) has been developed to model the electrophysiological operation of the functioning (i.e. during normal sinus rhythm) and malfunctioning (i.e. …

Relating Electrophotographic Printing Model And Is013660 Standard Attributes, Elisa H. Barney Smith

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

A mathematical model of the electrophotographic printing process has been developed. This model can be used for analysis. From this a print simulation process has been developed to simulate the effects of the model components on toner particle placement. A wide variety of simulated prints are produced from the model's three main inputs, laser spread, charge to toner proportionality factor and toner particle size. While the exact placement of toner particles is a random process, the total effect is not. The effect of each model parameter on the ISO 13660 print quality attributes line width, fill, raggedness and blurriness is …

2x1d Image Registration And Comparison, Geng Zheng, Elisa H. Barney Smith, Nader Rafla, Tim Andersen

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper presents a novel 2x1D phase correlation based image registration method for verification of printer emulator output. The method combines the basic phase correlation technique and a modified 2x1D version of it to achieve both high speed and high accuracy. The proposed method has been implemented and tested using images generated by printer emulators. Over 97% of the image pairs were registered correctly, accurately dealing with diverse images with large translations and image cropping.

Thermal Robotic Arm Controlled Spraying Via Robotic Arm And Vision System, Dermot Breen

Doctoral

The Tribology Surface Engineering industry is a worldwide multi billion euro industry with significant health and safety risks. The thermal spraying sector of this industry employs the technique of applying molten surface coating material to a substrate via a thermal spray process which is implemented either by manual spraying or pre-programmed robotic systems. The development of autonomous robotic systems for thermal spraying surface coating would significantly improve production and profitability over pre-programmed systems and improve health and safety over manual spraying. The aim of this research was to investigate and develop through software simulation, physical modelling and testing the development …

Floornet: Deployment And Evaluation Of Amultihop Wireless 802.11 Testbed, Pablo Serrano, Carlos J. Bernardos, Antonio De La Oliva, Albert Banchs, Ignacio Soto, Michael Zink

Michael Zink

A lot of attention has been given to multihop wireless networks lately, but further research—in particular, through experimentation—is needed. This attention has motivated an increase in the number of 802.11-based deployments, both indoor and outdoor. These testbeds, which require a significant amount of resources during both deployment and maintenance, are used to run measurements in order to analyze and understand the limitation and differences between analytical or simulation-based figures and the results from real-life experimentation. This paper makes two major contributions: (i) first, we describe a novel wireless multihop testbed, which we name FloorNet, that is deployed and operated under …

On The Radiation-Induced Soft Error Performance Of Hardened Sequential Elements In Advanced Bulk Cmos Technologies, Norbert Seifert, Vinod Ambrose, B Gill, Q Shi, R Allmon, Charles H. Recchia, S Mukherjee, N Nassif, J Krause, J Pickholtz, A Balasubramanian

Charles H Recchia

No abstract provided.

Adaptive Target Detection With Application To Through-The-Wall Radar Imaging, Christian Debes, Jesper Riedler, Abdelhak M. Zoubir, Moeness G. Amin

Christian Debes

An adaptive detection scheme is proposed for radar imaging. The proposed detector is a postprocessing scheme derived for one-, two-, and three-dimensional data, and applied to through- the-wall imaging using synthetic aperture radar. The target image statistics depend on the target three-dimensional orientation and position. The statistics can also vary with the standoff distance of the imaging system because of the change in the corresponding scene image resolution. We propose an iterative target detection scheme for the cases in which no or partial a priori knowledge of the target image statistics is available. Properties of the proposed scheme, such as …

Custom Power Devices For Voltage Sags Mitigation: A Techno-Economic Analysis, Tarek Ibrahim Elshennawy Dr., Amr Yehia Abou-Ghazala A. Prof., Mahmoud El-Gammal Prof.

Tarek Ibrahim ElShennawy

The increased concern about the financial losses due to voltage sags and interruptions plus the advancements in power electronics technology have led to the innovation of very fast acting intervening equipment that can mitigate such disturbances. However, the high cost of these custom power devices can offset their technical benefits. In this paper, a procedure is proposed to find a compromised solution that makes technical and financial sense. A case study of an oil refinery in Alexandria, Egypt is considered to illustrate the proposed procedure.

1.05-Ghz Cmos Oscillator Based On Lateral-Field-Excited Piezoelectric Aln Contour-Mode Mems Resonators, Chengjie Zuo, Jan Van Der Spiegel, Gianluca Piazza

Chengjie Zuo

This paper reports on the first demonstration of a 1.05-GHz microelectromechanical (MEMS) oscillator based on lateral-field-excited (LFE) piezoelectric AlN contour-mode resonators. The oscillator shows a phase noise level of −81 dBc/Hz at 1-kHz offset frequency and a phase noise floor of −146 dBc/Hz, which satisfies the global system for mobile communications (GSM) requirements for ultra-high frequency (UHF) local oscillators (LO). The circuit was fabricated in the AMI semiconductor (AMIS) 0.5-μm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) process, with the oscillator core consuming only 3.5 mW DC power. The device overall performance has the best figure-of-merit (FoM) when compared with other gigahertz oscillators that …

Novel Electrode Configurations In Dual-Layer Stacked And Switchable Aln Contour-Mode Resonators For Low Impedance Filter Termination And Reduced Insertion Loss, Chengjie Zuo, Nipun Sinha, Gianluca Piazza

Chengjie Zuo

This paper reports, for the first time, on the design and demonstration of two novel electrode configurations in dual-layer stacked Aluminum Nitride (AlN) piezoelectric contour-mode resonators to obtain low filter termination resistance (down to 300 Ω, which also results in better filter out-of-band rejection) and reduced insertion loss (IL as low as 1.6 dB) in multi-frequency (100 MHz – 1 GHz) AlN MEMS filters. The microfabrication process is fully compatible with the previously demonstrated AlN RF MEMS switches, which makes it possible to design and integrate multi-frequency switchable filter banks on a single chip.

Ss-Dna Functionalized Ultra-Thin-Film Aln Contour-Mode Resonators With Self-Sustained Oscillator For Volatile Organic Chemical Detection, Matteo Rinaldi, Brandon Duick, Chiara Zuniga, Chengjie Zuo, Gianluca Piazza

Chengjie Zuo

This paper reports on the design and experimental verification of a new class of nanoscale gravimetric sensors based on ultra-thin-film AlN Contour-Mode Resonant Sensor (CMR-S) functionalized with ss-DNA and connected to a chip-based self-sustaining oscillator loop (fabricated in the ON Semiconductor 0.5 μm CMOS process) for direct frequency read-out. The 220 MHz oscillator based on the ultra-thin AlN CMR-S exhibits an Allan Variance of ∼20 Hz for 100 ms gate time. The sensor affinity for the adsorption of volatile organic chemicals such as 2,6 dinitroluene (DNT, a simulant for explosive vapors) is enhanced by functionalizing the top gold electrode of …

Super-High-Frequency Two-Port Aln Contour-Mode Resonators For Rf Applications, Matteo Rinaldi, Chiara Zuniga, Chengjie Zuo, Gianluca Piazza

Chengjie Zuo

This paper reports on the design and experimental verification of a new class of thin-film (250 nm) super-high-frequency laterally-vibrating piezoelectric microelectromechanical (MEMS) resonators suitable for the fabrication of narrow-band MEMS filters operating at frequencies above 3 GHz. The device dimensions have been opportunely scaled both in the lateral and vertical dimensions to excite a contour-extensional mode of vibration in nanofeatures of an ultra-thin (250 nm) AlN film. In this first demonstration, 2-port resonators vibrating up to 4.5 GHz have been fabricated on the same die and attained electromechanical coupling, kt2, in excess of 1.5%. These devices are employed to synthesize …

Model Omnibus Privacy Statute, Sam S. Han Ph.D.

Sam Han

One of today’s major concerns is how easily digital information can be copied and disseminated. Thus, when one’s private information becomes publicly available in digital format, that information can be readily duplicated and distributed across the globe within seconds. If the disseminated information includes credit card numbers or Social Security numbers, then there is a heightened exposure to identity theft and a host of other privacy-related crimes.

Given the existence of such a digital landmine, laws have been promulgated for various sectors (e.g., financial, healthcare, government, etc.) to protect personally-identifiable information. However, due to differing needs of the various sectors, …