Hostility Toward Dominant Culture Individuals And The Perceived Stability Of Power,
2016
Walden University
Hostility Toward Dominant Culture Individuals And The Perceived Stability Of Power, Anne Kristine Pihl Gaddis
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Racism in the United States is persistent and its negative effects are widespread. The social hierarchy in the United States positions White people as the dominant culture and Black people, among other races, as a minority culture. Current literature provides insight into explicit and implicit individual expressions of racism; however, very little research clarifies the effects racism has on the continuance and structure of the social race hierarchy. This study utilizes social gender hierarchy research to investigate how racism-induced hostility toward the dominant culture relates to an individual's perception of the stability of the race hierarchy. This quantitative survey study …
Triangulating A Sustainable Safety Culture In The Readymade Garment Industry Of Bangladesh,
2016
Walden University
Triangulating A Sustainable Safety Culture In The Readymade Garment Industry Of Bangladesh, Maurice Len Brooks
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Many obstacles still exist toward improving safety standards, practices, and culture in the ready-made garment (RMG) industry in Bangladesh. Workers' beliefs and habits, employers' level of involvement, and gaps in the regulatory framework necessitate an examination of safety practices to build a foundation for safety culture in the workplace. The focus of this study was to contribute to regulatory reform aimed at creating a safe work environment by exploring the perceptions of workers, employers, and government regulators through the lens of the theory on reciprocal determinism. A total of 41 participants, categorized into three groups of workers, employers, and government …
Emotional Dysregulation And Adaptive Skills Among Siblings Of Bipolar Children,
2016
Walden University
Emotional Dysregulation And Adaptive Skills Among Siblings Of Bipolar Children, Nikki Marie Woller
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The purpose of this study was to understand the effects of pediatric bipolar disorder on child siblings. A quantitative quasi-experimental research design was used. According to family systems theory, which was used in the formation of this study, all family members are interconnected and affect each other in a variety of ways. The research questions investigated whether children demonstrated more emotional dysregulation and fewer adaptive skills when a bipolar sibling was living in the home than when there was no bipolar sibling. The matched comparison study used 2 groups of children: those with bipolar siblings and those without bipolar siblings. …
The Effect Of Media Literacy Training On The Self-Esteem And Body-Satisfaction Among Fifth Grade Girls,
2016
Walden University
The Effect Of Media Literacy Training On The Self-Esteem And Body-Satisfaction Among Fifth Grade Girls, Holly Mathews
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Repeated exposure to media images that portray women as sex objects can have negative long-term effects on self-esteem beginning in preadolescence. Negative effects include decreased feelings of competence, increased focus on appearance, increased body dissatisfaction, and limited achievement in domains not related to appearance. There is a gap in the literature examining if media literacy training can mitigate the negative effects of exposure to sexualized media content. Festinger's social comparison theory and Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development provided the framework for this study. A quasi-experimental pre-post-test design was used to examine the interaction of media literacy training and time of …
Persuasion In The Health Field: Framing The Message For Attitude Change,
2016
Scripps College
Persuasion In The Health Field: Framing The Message For Attitude Change, Kelley Ogami
Scripps Senior Theses
The process of persuasion, the changing of a person’s attitudes, has often been applied to health communications designed to promote healthy behavior. Manipulation of aspects of the persuasive message can influence persuasion and the likelihood of attitude change. For a long time, the existing persuasion research had yet to examine how different types of message framing and intervention targets directly and in interaction with one another act as predictors of health attitude change. Therefore, this thesis addressed this lapse using an online survey to assess participants’ attitude towards the health issue of hypertension after reading a health message. This health …
Panic That Spreads Sociobehavioral Contagion In Pedestrian Evacuations,
2016
Old Dominion University
Panic That Spreads Sociobehavioral Contagion In Pedestrian Evacuations, Terra Elzie, Erika Frydenlund, Andrew J. Collins, R. Michael Robinson
VMASC Publications
Crowds are a part of everyday public life, from stadiums and arenas to school hallways. Occasionally, pushing within the crowd spontaneously escalates to crushing behavior, resulting in injuries and even death. The rarity and unpredictability of these incidents provides few options to collect data for research on the prediction and prevention of hazardous emergent behaviors in crowds. This study takes a close look at the way states of agitation, such as panic, can spread through crowds. Group composition—mainly family groups composed of members with differing mobility levels—plays an important role in the spread of agitation through the crowd, ultimately affecting …
The Effects Of Mortality Salience And Team Identification On Sports Fans' Willingness To Consider Anonymous Acts Of Aggression,
2016
Murray State University
The Effects Of Mortality Salience And Team Identification On Sports Fans' Willingness To Consider Anonymous Acts Of Aggression, Sagan L. Ladd
Murray State Theses and Dissertations
The current study sought to understand if mortality salience and identification with the University of Kentucky men’s varsity basketball team (UK) would interact in such a way as to influence participants’ willingness to engage in anonymous acts of aggression toward fans, coaches and players of rival sport teams. A research question was also evaluated which asked if mortality salience might be a potential mediator between participants’ identification and their likelihood to engage in anonymous acts of aggression. Results indicated that mortality salience was not a significant predictor and there was no significant interaction between identification and mortality salience. As a …
Let’S Play! A Study Examining The Acceptability Of Cross-Gender Play Of Children,
2016
Murray State University
Let’S Play! A Study Examining The Acceptability Of Cross-Gender Play Of Children, Angela R. Youngs
Murray State Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to examine parental preference regarding their children and gender-specific and gender-neutral toys. More specifically, to examine some factors that may impact parents’ preferences regarding the types of toys their child chooses. The factors of interest used in the present study include general demographics (e.g., gender, age, etc.), gender role perceptions, religiosity, and level of conservatism. Participants were gathered from a survey-taking website. The sample consisted of 88 parents (43 female, 43 male, and 2 who chose not to identify) whose ages ranged from 22 to 62 (M = 31.82, SD = 6.95). Each …
Measuring Older Adult Confidence
In The Courts And Law Enforcement,
2016
Michigan State University
Measuring Older Adult Confidence In The Courts And Law Enforcement, Joseph A. Hamm, Lindsey E. Wylie, Eve M. Brank
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
Older adults are an increasingly relevant subpopulation for criminal justice policy but, as yet, are largely neglected in the relevant research. The current research addresses this by reporting on a psychometric evaluation of a measure of older adults’ Confidence in Legal Institutions (CLI). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) provided support for the unidimensionality and reliability of the measures. In addition, participants’ CLI was related to cynicism, trust in government, dispositional trust, age, and education, but not income or gender. The results provide support for the measures of confidence in the courts and law enforcement, so we present the scale as a …
Seft-Monitoring And Attitude Polarization: Individual Differences In The Role Of Belief Consistency And Belief Confidence In The Mere-Thought Effect,
2016
University of North Florida
Seft-Monitoring And Attitude Polarization: Individual Differences In The Role Of Belief Consistency And Belief Confidence In The Mere-Thought Effect, Rosanna Rodriguez
UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The mere thought effect is the tendency for favorable attitudes to become more favorable and unfavorable attitudes to become more unfavorable following thought (Tesser, 1978). Changes in belief-consistency and belief-confidence mediate this effect (Tesser, Martin, & Mendolia, 1995). However, there are self-monitoring differences in the extent to which people are driven by consistency in their beliefs (Fuglestad & Snyder, 2009; Snyder, 1974). It was predicted that mere-thought and self-monitoring will interactively influence attitude polarization. We also hypothesized that the interactive effects of mere-thought and self-monitoring on attitude polarization will be mediated by belief-consistency and belief-confidence. After indicating their initial attitudes …
Investigating The Psychometric Properties Of The Self-Compassion Scale: Using Confirmatory And Exploratory Factor Models,
2016
University of North Florida
Investigating The Psychometric Properties Of The Self-Compassion Scale: Using Confirmatory And Exploratory Factor Models, Jennifer Marie Barton
UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Self-compassion has quickly gained recognition for its many cognitive, emotional, and psychological benefits (Neff, 2003b). The Self-Compassion Scale (SCS; Neff, 2003a) is currently the only instrument measuring self-compassion and is commonly used. The current model contains six factors: self-kindness, self-judgment, common humanity, isolation, mindfulness, and over-identification. However, the SCS has recently come under fire due to limited evidence of its psychometric properties (Lopez et al., 2015). Researchers who have attempted to replicate the factor structure proposed by Neff have found mixed results using both exploratory and confirmatory methods. Our primary aim is to establish the factor structure of the SCS …
Categorizing Pro-Environmental Behaviors Using The Laypeople's Perspective,
2016
University of North Florida
Categorizing Pro-Environmental Behaviors Using The Laypeople's Perspective, Ashley Jade Gillis
UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Most efforts to categorize pro-environmental behaviors (PEBs) have focused on researchers’ – rather than laypeople’s – perceptions of PEBs. Drawing on the psychometric paradigm used to categorize environmental risks, we aimed to identify the PEB attributes salient to laypeople and, from that, determine the underlying dimensions of PEB. In Study 1, participants (n = 157) evaluated 30 PEBs through open-ended questions. The results revealed 21 attributes that laypeople commonly associate with PEBs. In Study 2, 250 MTurk participants rated 74 PEBs on the 21 attributes. An exploratory factor analysis revealed four factors underlying PEB: Factor 1 (Financial and Behavioral Cost), …
Sex And The Perceived Effectiveness Of Flirtation Techniques,
2016
Bucknell University
Sex And The Perceived Effectiveness Of Flirtation Techniques, T. Joel Wade, Andrea Feldman
Faculty Journal Articles
Three studies were implemented in order to ascertain how men and women flirt with potential partners, and whether or not there are sex differences in which flirtatious actions are considered most effective. Study 1 (n = 40) and Study 2 (n = 60) sought to discover the actions that men and women, respectively, engage in to indicate romantic interest to a partner. Study 3 (n = 126) sought to determine which flirtatious acts from women and men are perceived as most effective. Men were expected to rate women’s flirtations that suggest sexual access as most effective and women were expected …
Rights Abuse As Root Causes Of Political Violence In Nigeria,
2016
Walden University
Rights Abuse As Root Causes Of Political Violence In Nigeria, Andrew Abidemi Olugbenga Babalola
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Ethnic division fuelled by inadequate governance and uneven economic development has led some ethnic based groups to regard violence as a legitimate means to achieve political and social ends. The political disruption caused by ethnic militia related violence in Nigeria prevented the first 3 attempts at republican democracy. The purpose of this study was to analyze the role played by human rights abuse in Nigeria in the formation of the Oodua People's Congress (OPC) in 1994, and to also analyze the OPC turning to violence in 1999. The theoretical construct of the study is the constructivist philosophy, which purports that …
Interdependent Self-Construal: A Link To Psychological Resilience,
2016
Claremont McKenna College
Interdependent Self-Construal: A Link To Psychological Resilience, Tyler West
CMC Senior Theses
In the course of figuring out one’s identity, the proactive manner in which an individual defines one’s self or builds one’s character is an important aspect of the venture. Markus and Kitayama (1991) described and contrasted interdependent self-construal and independent self-construal, two forms of self-construction. This paper presents the theoretical link between interdependent self-construal and psychological resilience. Identity development is viewed through the interdependent self-construal perspective and it is explained how interdependence provides an individual with more and better opportunities for identity development. Through a conceptual tie to self-compassion, interdependent self-construal may be a key component to experiencing psychological resilience.
Who Will Be The First To Buy Autonomous Vehicles? An Application Of Everett Rogers’ Diffusion Of Innovations Theory,
2016
Claremont McKenna College
Who Will Be The First To Buy Autonomous Vehicles? An Application Of Everett Rogers’ Diffusion Of Innovations Theory, Reilly Jackson Umberger
CMC Senior Theses
Autonomous, otherwise known as self-driving, vehicles represent the future of transportation. Vehicles that drive themselves offer far reaching benefits from increased leisure and productivity for individuals to significant improvements in congestion and infrastructure for governments. The autonomous car will radically change the way we look at transportation, and they are right around the corner. However, the question remains: are we ready? Are we, as a society, ready to hand over the steering the wheel and trust autonomous vehicles with our safety? This paper predicts how the autonomous car will spread through society by analyzing and applying the product qualities and …
Best Friends Forever? The Influence Of Technology On High-Quality And Low-Quality Childhood Friendships,
2016
Claremont McKenna College
Best Friends Forever? The Influence Of Technology On High-Quality And Low-Quality Childhood Friendships, Molly R. O'Donnell
CMC Senior Theses
This literature review provides a holistic assessment of childhood interaction by investigating the many ways in which new technologies have influenced both high-quality and low-quality childhood friendships. As technology becomes increasingly more prevalent in society and inevitably continues to evolve peer-to-peer communication, traditional approaches to social interaction have adopted entirely new mediums. Children are now being exposed to communication-altering devices younger than ever before, which has profoundly influenced their social relationships. This thesis explores past competing research on the topic of children and technology by explaining the many ways in which technology has both helped children develop high-quality peer relationships, …
Can Narrative Fiction Reduce Prejudice Toward The Mentally Ill?,
2016
Claremont McKenna College
Can Narrative Fiction Reduce Prejudice Toward The Mentally Ill?, Mara Bandt-Law
CMC Senior Theses
This paper proposes an experimental study that will examine narrative fiction’s ability to reduce implicit and explicit prejudice toward the mentally ill through spontaneous perspective-taking. The study will measure participants’ (n=100) opinions toward the mentally ill, contact with the mentally ill, and disposition to perspective-taking. It will then manipulate when and if the fictional narrative reveals the protagonist to be mentally ill. The character will be revealed as mentally ill either at the outset of the narrative, at the end of the narrative, or not at all. The study will then measure participants’ implicit and explicit prejudice and the extent …
A Unified Framework Of The Shared Aesthetic Experience,
2016
Claremont McKenna College
A Unified Framework Of The Shared Aesthetic Experience, Huakai Liao
CMC Senior Theses
Aesthetic expressions have been seen as the manifest of human culture. The psychology of aesthetics have proposed various models, describing the various phenomena related to aesthetic experience, such as sensory pleasure derived from aesthetic stimuli, emotional response toward aesthetic depiction, cognitive mastering over aesthetic emotion, etc. However, further examination reveals current models have theoretical limits for the explanation of society-wide aesthetic preference due to limited scope of focus. Thus, the current project proposes a new theoretical framework to describe the process through which the society comes to converge on aesthetic preference. Examination of related theories and experimental evidence shows that …
The Effects Of Cognitive Load And Stereotyped Groups On Punitiveness,
2016
Claremont McKenna College
The Effects Of Cognitive Load And Stereotyped Groups On Punitiveness, Daniel Schmidt
CMC Senior Theses
The current study explores the interactions of cognitive load and stereotypes on emotions felt toward stereotyped groups and decisions of punitiveness for a crime. Dual processing models suggest that cognitive load can decrease deliberation and increase intuitive and emotional judgments. The Stereotype Content Model suggests that different stereotyped groups evoke different emotions. The current study tested the hypothesis that individuals under high cognitive load will be more likely to rely on stereotypical information and associated emotions when making decisions on punishment for a crime. Study 1 had 205 participants from Amazon’s Mechanical Turk website complete an online survey in which …
