Anger And Disgust Shape Judgments Of Social Sanctions Across Cultures, Especially In High Individual Autonomy Societies, 2024 Singapore Management University
Anger And Disgust Shape Judgments Of Social Sanctions Across Cultures, Especially In High Individual Autonomy Societies, Per A. Andersson, Andree Hartanto, Et Al
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
When someone violates a social norm, others may think that some sanction would be appropriate. We examine how the experience of emotions like anger and disgust relate to the judged appropriateness of sanctions, in a pre-registered analysis of data from a large-scale study in 56 societies. Across the world, we find that individuals who experience anger and disgust over a norm violation are more likely to endorse confrontation, ostracism and, to a smaller extent, gossip. Moreover, we find that the experience of anger is consistently the strongest predictor of judgments of confrontation, compared to other emotions. Although the link between …
Buffering Effects Of Negative Intergroup Contact Through Complex Social Identities, 2024 University of Massachusetts Amherst
Buffering Effects Of Negative Intergroup Contact Through Complex Social Identities, Liora Morhayim
Masters Theses
Although negative intergroup contact occurs less frequently than positive contact, negative contact can more strongly influence outgroup attitudes and behaviors due to the effect of category salience in the generalization process. The present study (N =306) tests whether being aware of an outgroup member’s complex social identity will serve as a buffer against the adverse impact of a negative intergroup contact experience on outgroup attitudes. In a 3X2 between-subjects design, social identity complexity (SIC) of an outgroup confederate (high versus low versus control) and the valence of contact (neutral versus negative) were manipulated. Participants interacted with an outgroup confederate …
Voices Unheard, Stories Untold: An In-Depth Phenomenological Exploration Of Workplace Bullying Among Indian Primary School Teachers, 2024 Lovely Professional University, India
Voices Unheard, Stories Untold: An In-Depth Phenomenological Exploration Of Workplace Bullying Among Indian Primary School Teachers, Mridul M, Aditi Sharma
The Qualitative Report
Workplace bullying adds significantly to toxicity in workplaces. The present phenomenological study aims to unravel the experiences of primary school teachers who have faced bullying at work. Such studies in India are still sparse, and in-depth qualitative examination of the target’s experiences provides deeper insight into their view regarding anomalous behaviours and bullies. Semi-structured interviews of seven teachers were conducted and analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. The analysis resulted in three themes: “Workplace dynamics,” “I can tell what their problem is,” and “Coping with the problem.” The identified acts were linked to the extant model (Duluth model) describing the …
Gender, Graduate School Stage, And The Impostor Phenomenon, 2024 University of Central Arkansas
Gender, Graduate School Stage, And The Impostor Phenomenon, John-Scott B. Kelley, Angela T. Barlow
Journal of Graduate Education Research
The impostor phenomenon (IP) includes five central factors: (a) a sense of fraudulence or phoniness; (b) a fear of failure and discovery; (c) compensatory perfectionism (i.e., procrastination and/or over-preparation); (d) interpersonal anxiety; and (e) externalized success and/or discounted positive feedback. After the final stage, the process starts over with reinforced vigor, creating a self-reinforcing cycle in which success is associated with psychological suffering. IP was initially used to describe the reports of high-achieving women, but recent studies have shown that IP is experienced across genders. Additionally, while graduate school is an achievement-oriented environment with many characteristics that could promote IP, …
Power And Control Wheel Tactics: Assessing Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (Ptsd) Epistemology Among Domestic Violence Survivors, 2024 Augsburg University
Power And Control Wheel Tactics: Assessing Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (Ptsd) Epistemology Among Domestic Violence Survivors, Lisa Hady
Theses and Graduate Projects
Domestic violence affects more than 10 million adults in the United States annually (National Network to End Domestic Violence, 2020). The Power and Control Wheel (PCW) places power and control at the center of physical and sexual violence, with eight surrounding tactics representing the abusive behaviors perpetrators use to retain power and control over survivors. Although the PCW has been extended to understand various abusive relationships, and the PCW tactics have been examined in both Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) and Non-Intimate Partner Violence (NPV; Basile et al., 2004; Scott, 2018), limited research compares tactics used based on the perpetrator’s relationship …
Annual Research Review: The Power Of Predictability – Patterns Of Signals In Early Life Shape Neurodevelopment And Mental Health Trajectories, 2024 University of Denver
Annual Research Review: The Power Of Predictability – Patterns Of Signals In Early Life Shape Neurodevelopment And Mental Health Trajectories, Elysia Poggi Davis, Laura M. Glynn
Psychology Faculty Articles and Research
The global burden of early life adversity (ELA) is profound. The World Health Organization has estimated that ELA accounts for almost 30% of all psychiatric cases. Yet, our ability to identify which individuals exposed to ELA will develop mental illness remains poor and there is a critical need to identify underlying pathways and mechanisms. This review proposes unpredictability as an understudied aspect of ELA that is tractable and presents a conceptual model that includes biologically plausible mechanistic pathways by which unpredictability impacts the developing brain. The model is supported by a synthesis of published and new data illustrating the significant …
Evaluating The Oral Health-Related Quality Of Life Among Dental Patients In South India - A Descriptive Study, 2024 Sree Anjaneya Institute of Dental Sciences
Evaluating The Oral Health-Related Quality Of Life Among Dental Patients In South India - A Descriptive Study, Dheekshitha P K, Sudeep C B Dr., Sunil P M Dr., Suji M Dr.
Annual Research Symposium
This study aims to evaluate the oral health-related quality of life among dental patients in South India.
From The Outside Looking In: Transmasculine Narrative Identity, Experiences, And Larger Narratives On Social Media, 2024 The Graduate Center, City University of New York
From The Outside Looking In: Transmasculine Narrative Identity, Experiences, And Larger Narratives On Social Media, Micah Roldan
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Narrative identity development is an essential process in how individuals perceive themselves and the world around them. Often, narrative identity is studied in cisgender heterosexual individuals and applied to others without the acknowledgment of individuals that fall outside of these categories. Drawing upon existing literature and autoethnography, this thesis aims to meaningfully bridge this gap by studying the narrative identity development of transmasculine individuals through the lens of social media. This thesis proposes that the use of social media to share gender transition journeys has created a new digital trans and queer narrative for users and viewers. This narrative is …
Developing An Instrument To Measure Group Dynamics Awareness: A Mixed Methods Study, 2024 University of San Diego
Developing An Instrument To Measure Group Dynamics Awareness: A Mixed Methods Study, John Weng
Dissertations
In a world that is increasingly volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous, adaptive leaders are needed more than ever. Based on group relations programs developed by the Tavistock Institute, a pedagogy known as case-in-point has recently been brought to prominence and incorporated into leadership development programs. These methods claim to develop systems thinking and individuals’ leadership capacity with little prior empirical research.
This mixed methods exploratory study explored individual awareness of group dynamics, a key outcome in case-in-point programs, and adaptive leadership theory. The goal was to create an instrument to measure awareness of group dynamics: the Group Dynamics Awareness Questionnaire …
When Did I Know Thee? Let Me Count The Months: Retrospective Accounts Of Impression Formation In Close Relationships, 2024 University of South Carolina - Upstate
When Did I Know Thee? Let Me Count The Months: Retrospective Accounts Of Impression Formation In Close Relationships, Andrew Beer, Leanne Smith
University of South Carolina Upstate Student Research Journal
The current study utilizes relationship models and theories to file down how, why, and when people develop evaluations of others at zero acquaintance. A key aspect of the study is determining the relationship between Big Five traits and judgment accuracy, as well as how it fared over time (2 months). We took a sample of two-hundred and six participants and had them rate a target with closed and open-ended questions and rating scales. We found that Extraversion was the most salient and most accurately judged at zero acquaintance. Further, Neuroticism was noted most often in open-ended questions and only became …
Does Having Air Conditioning Affect Friendship Formation In The First Two Months Of College?, 2024 Purdue University
Does Having Air Conditioning Affect Friendship Formation In The First Two Months Of College?, Zachariah Hunt
The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research
No abstract provided.
Lifespace Patterns Of College Students High And Low In Personal Intelligence, 2024 University of New Hampshire, Durham
Lifespace Patterns Of College Students High And Low In Personal Intelligence, John D. Mayer
UNH Personality Lab
Personal intelligence (PI) refers to the capacity to accurately reason about personality in oneself and other people. We hypothesize that people who are higher in personal intelligence differ from others in their relationships and behaviors. We conducted a series of theoretically-guided studies to examine how PI is associated with a person’s self-reported activities, interactions, situations, and group memberships: their lifespace. In two archival and three new studies of college students (Ns = 385, 358, 1186, 416, 696, respectively) we first identified 15 short, factor-based scales describing aspects of college students’ lifespace that are potentially relevant to personal intelligence. …
Galileo And The Church: An Ecological Perspective, 2024 Liberty University
Galileo And The Church: An Ecological Perspective, Holly J. Lawson
Montview Journal of Research & Scholarship
The post-medieval church was surrounded by intense sociocultural factors, including the recent Protestant Reformation and the Catholic Counter-Reformation. Although “the Galileo affair,” as it has been dubbed in the years since, is generally presented as a case example of the conflict between science and faith or religion, it is far more complex than these two issues alone. Galileo’s discoveries supporting the Copernican theory entered a complex interplay of factors, eventually leading to a highly pressurized encounter between Galileo and the Inquisition. Galileo’s indictment is a nuanced, poignant example of the rich cultural and contextual factors that drive clashes of religion …
Modeling The Relationships Between Social Intelligence, School Bullying And Psychological Adjustment, 2024 Department of Psychology, College of Education, Sultan Qaboos University, Sultanate of Oman
Modeling The Relationships Between Social Intelligence, School Bullying And Psychological Adjustment, Amal Al-Battashi, Fahima Alsaidi, Said Aldhafri
An-Najah University Journal for Research - B (Humanities)
The descriptive study aimed to identify the levels of social intelligence, school bullying and psychological adjustment among students of seventh, eighth, and ninth grades studying in public schools in the Sultanate of Oman. The study also examined possible differences in the study variables according to gender, grade and birth order. In addition, the researchers proposed a mediating model that explains the causal relationships among the study variables. The study sample consisted of 403 students, including 165 male and 238 female students, who were selected by the random cluster method from three governorates in the Sultanate and the quantitative approach was …
Social Gender Norms And Depression In College Students, 2024 Eastern Illinois University
Social Gender Norms And Depression In College Students, Derek Deeney
Masters Theses
The primary purpose of this quantitative study was to determine if there was a relationship between the conformity to social gender norms (masculine and feminine) and depression among male and female college students at a mid-sized, four-year public institution in the Midwest. A secondary purpose was to investigate if there was a difference in depression between males and females, and if a there was a difference in conformity to social gender norms (masculine and feminine) between males and females. Understanding the trends in social norm conformity and depression can lead to changes in how faculty and staff in higher education …
An Open-Source Template For Introducing A Technical Supplement, 2024 University of New Hampshire, Durham
An Open-Source Template For Introducing A Technical Supplement, John D. Mayer, David R. Caruso
UNH Personality Lab
An open-source template on the relationship between an article and its accompanying technical supplement.
Exploring Attitudes Toward “Sugar Relationships” Across 87 Countries: A Global Perspective On Exchanges Of Resources For Sex And Companionship, 2023 University of Pécs
Exploring Attitudes Toward “Sugar Relationships” Across 87 Countries: A Global Perspective On Exchanges Of Resources For Sex And Companionship, Norbert Meskó, Marta Kowal, András Láng, Ferenc Kocsor, Szabolcs A. Bandi, Adam Putz, Piotr Sorokowski, David A. Frederick, Felipe A. García, Leonardo A. Aguilar, Anna Studzinska, Chee-Seng Tan, Biljana Gjoneska, Taciano L. Milfont, Merve Topcu Bulut, Dmitry Grigoryev, Toivo Aavik, Mahmoud Boussena, Alan D. A. Mattiassi, Reza Afhami, Rizwana Amin, Roberto Baiocco, Hamdaoui Brahim, Ali R. Can, Joao Carneiro, Hakan Çetinkaya, Dimitri Chubinidze, Eliane Deschrijver, Yahya Don, Dmitrii Dubrov, Izzet Duyar, Marija Jovic, Julia A. Kamburidis, Farah Khan, Hareesol Khun‑Inkeeree, Maida Koso‑Drljevic, David Lacko, Karlijn Massar, Mara Morelli, Jean C. Natividade, Ellen K. Nyhus, Ju Hee Park, Farid Pazhoohi, Ekaterine Pirtskhalava, Koen Ponnet, Pavol Prokop, Dušana Šakan, Singha Tulyakul, Austin H. Wang, Sibele D. Aquino, Derya D. Atamtürk, Nana Burduli, Antonio Chirumbolo, Seda Dural, Edgardo Etchezahar, Nasim Ghahraman Moharrampour, Balazs Aczel, Luca Kozma, Samuel Lins, Efisio Manunta, Tiago Marot, Moises Mebarak, Kirill G. Miroshnik, Katarina Misetic, Marietta Papadatou‑Pastou, Bence Bakos, Fatima Zahra Sahli, Sangeeta Singh, Çağlar Solak, Tatiana Volkodav, Anna Wlodarczyk, Grace Akello, Marios Argyrides, Ogeday Çoker, Katarzyna Galasinska, Talía Gómez Yepes, Aleksander Kobylarek, Miguel Landa‑Blanco, Marlon Mayorga, Barış Özener, Ma. Criselda T. Pacquing, Marc Eric S. Reyes, Ayşegül Şahin, William Tamayo‑Agudelo, Gulmira Topanova, Ezgi Toplu‑Demirtaş, Belgüzar N. Türkan, Marcos Zumárraga‑Espinosa, Simone Grassini, Jan Antfolk, Clément Cornec, Katarzyna Pisanksi, Sabrina Stöckli, Stephanie Josephine Eder, Hyemin Han
Psychology Faculty Articles and Research
The current study investigates attitudes toward one form of sex for resources: the so-called sugar relationships, which often involve exchanges of resources for sex and/or companionship. The present study examined associations among attitudes toward sugar relationships and relevant variables (e.g., sex, sociosexuality, gender inequality, parasitic exposure) in 69,924 participants across 87 countries. Two self-report measures of Acceptance of Sugar Relationships (ASR) developed for younger companion providers (ASR-YWMS) and older resource providers (ASR-OMWS) were translated into 37 languages. We tested cross-sex and cross-linguistic construct equivalence, cross-cultural invariance in sex differences, and the importance of the hypothetical predictors of ASR. Both measures …
Consistent Across Situations? A Person Specific Approach To Examining A Long-Standing Paradox., 2023 Washington University in St. Louis
Consistent Across Situations? A Person Specific Approach To Examining A Long-Standing Paradox., Muchen Xi
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Bem and Allen (1974) address the person situation debate by proposing that there are some people behave more consistently, which can be better “explained” try personality traits, than others who are more influenced by situations. However, with failures to directly replicate Bem and Allen’s study, the existence of individual difference in cross situation consistency of behaviors remaining unclear. The current study addressed open questions that arose from the personality consistency debate by employing Mixed Effect Location Scale Model (MELSM) in an intensive longitudinal study. We found 1) there are individual difference in the overall behavioral consistency across situations; 2) there …
How Many Emotional Intelligence Abilities Are There? An Examination Of Four Measures Of Emotional Intelligence, 2023 University of New Hampshire, Durham
How Many Emotional Intelligence Abilities Are There? An Examination Of Four Measures Of Emotional Intelligence, John Mayer, David R. Caruso, Gill Sitarenios, Manolo Romero Escobar
UNH Personality Lab
The ability model of emotional intelligence (EI) specifies that four related abilities are involved: perceiving emotions, facilitating thought using emotions, understanding emotions, and managing them. Several performance-based assessments have been developed to measure those four abilities. Although some researchers find empirical support for the four abilities, others have argued that emotional intelligence divides into three abilities, two or even a single, unitary ability (Legree et al., 2014; Palmer, Gignac, Manocha, & Stough, 2005). We reanalyzed archival data from four ability tests of emotional intelligence, Ns = 503, 5000, 1000, and 2000, conducting item-level exploratory factor models of all four assessments …
College Campus Restorativeness: Examining Relationships With Personality And Space Usage, 2023 Taylor University
College Campus Restorativeness: Examining Relationships With Personality And Space Usage, Laura Mcclelland, Sierra Nussbaum
Midwest Social Sciences Journal
Current literature on restoration of directed attention focuses on outdoor environments, even though humans spend a significant amount of time indoors. This is especially true for college students, whose study activities commonly result in directed attention fatigue. The present research provides an important, foundational understanding of collective personality, its influence on restorativeness, and the impact of how spaces are used. These variables were examined for indoor environments on a university campus. Participants were 615 undergraduates who completed an online survey about how they use campus spaces, restorativeness of those spaces (Perceived Restorativeness Scale), and personality (IPIP-NEO-120). Key results indicated that …